## Issue Addressed
#2695
## Proposed Changes
This updates discovery to the latest version which has patched a panic that occurred due to a race condition in the bucket logic.
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
This is a wholesale rip-off of #2708, see that PR for more of a description.
I've made this PR since @realbigsean is offline and I can't merge his PR due to Github's frustrating `target-branch-check` bug. I also changed the branch to `unstable`, since I'm trying to minimize the diff between `merge-f2f`/`unstable`. I'll just rebase `merge-f2f` onto `unstable` after this PR merges.
When running `make lint` I noticed the following warning:
```
warning: patch for `fixed-hash` uses the features mechanism. default-features and features will not take effect because the patch dependency does not support this mechanism
```
So, I removed the `features` section from the patch.
## Additional Info
NA
Co-authored-by: realbigsean <seananderson33@gmail.com>
Currently, the beacon node has no ability to serve the HTTP API over TLS.
Adding this functionality would be helpful for certain use cases, such as when you need a validator client to connect to a backup beacon node which is outside your local network, and the use of an SSH tunnel or reverse proxy would be inappropriate.
## Proposed Changes
- Add three new CLI flags to the beacon node
- `--http-enable-tls`: enables TLS
- `--http-tls-cert`: to specify the path to the certificate file
- `--http-tls-key`: to specify the path to the key file
- Update the HTTP API to optionally use `warp`'s [`TlsServer`](https://docs.rs/warp/0.3.1/warp/struct.TlsServer.html) depending on the presence of the `--http-enable-tls` flag
- Update tests and docs
- Use a custom branch for `warp` to ensure proper error handling
## Additional Info
Serving the API over TLS should currently be considered experimental. The reason for this is that it uses code from an [unmerged PR](https://github.com/seanmonstar/warp/pull/717). This commit provides the `try_bind_with_graceful_shutdown` method to `warp`, which is helpful for controlling error flow when the TLS configuration is invalid (cert/key files don't exist, incorrect permissions, etc).
I've implemented the same code in my [branch here](https://github.com/macladson/warp/tree/tls).
Once the code has been reviewed and merged upstream into `warp`, we can remove the dependency on my branch and the feature can be considered more stable.
Currently, the private key file must not be password-protected in order to be read into Lighthouse.
## Issue Addressed
Fix `cargo audit` failures on `unstable`
Closes#2698
## Proposed Changes
The main culprit is `nix`, which is vulnerable for versions below v0.23.0. We can't get by with a straight-forward `cargo update` because `psutil` depends on an old version of `nix` (cf. https://github.com/rust-psutil/rust-psutil/pull/93). Hence I've temporarily forked `psutil` under the `sigp` org, where I've included the update to `nix` v0.23.0.
Additionally, I took the chance to update the `time` dependency to v0.3, which removed a bunch of stale deps including `stdweb` which is no longer maintained. Lighthouse only uses the `time` crate in the notifier to do some pretty printing, and so wasn't affected by any of the breaking changes in v0.3 ([changelog here](https://github.com/time-rs/time/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md#030-2021-07-30)).
## Issue Addressed
Fix#2585
## Proposed Changes
Provide a canonical version of test_logger that can be used
throughout lighthouse.
## Additional Info
This allows tests to conditionally emit logging data by adding
test_logger as the default logger. And then when executing
`cargo test --features logging/test_logger` log output
will be visible:
wink@3900x:~/lighthouse/common/logging/tests/test-feature-test_logger (Add-test_logger-as-feature-to-logging)
$ cargo test --features logging/test_logger
Finished test [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.02s
Running unittests (target/debug/deps/test_logger-e20115db6a5e3714)
running 1 test
Sep 10 12:53:45.212 INFO hi, module: test_logger:8
test tests::test_fn_with_logging ... ok
test result: ok. 1 passed; 0 failed; 0 ignored; 0 measured; 0 filtered out; finished in 0.00s
Doc-tests test-logger
running 0 tests
test result: ok. 0 passed; 0 failed; 0 ignored; 0 measured; 0 filtered out; finished in 0.00s
Or, in normal scenarios where logging isn't needed, executing
`cargo test` the log output will not be visible:
wink@3900x:~/lighthouse/common/logging/tests/test-feature-test_logger (Add-test_logger-as-feature-to-logging)
$ cargo test
Finished test [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.02s
Running unittests (target/debug/deps/test_logger-02e02f8d41e8cf8a)
running 1 test
test tests::test_fn_with_logging ... ok
test result: ok. 1 passed; 0 failed; 0 ignored; 0 measured; 0 filtered out; finished in 0.00s
Doc-tests test-logger
running 0 tests
test result: ok. 0 passed; 0 failed; 0 ignored; 0 measured; 0 filtered out; finished in 0.00s
## Proposed Changes
Cut the first release candidate for v2.0.0, in preparation for testing and release this week
## Additional Info
Builds on #2632, which should either be merged first or in the same batch
## Proposed Changes
Add tooling to lcli to provide a way to measure the attestation packing efficiency of historical blocks by querying a beacon node API endpoint.
## Additional Info
Since block rewards are proportional to the number of unique attestations included in the block, a measure of efficiency can be calculated by comparing the number of unique attestations that could have been included into a block vs the number of unique attestations that were actually included.
This lcli tool provides the following data per block:
- Slot Number
- Proposer Index and Grafitti (if any)
- Available Unique Attestations
- Included Unique Attestations
- Best-effort estimate of the number of offline validators for the epoch. This means we can normalize the calculated efficiency, removing offline validators from the available attestation set.
The data is outputted as a csv file.
## Usage
Install lcli:
```
make install-lcli
```
Alternatively install with the `fake_crypto` feature to skip signature verification which improves performance:
```
cargo install --path lcli --features=fake_crypto --force --locked
```
Ensure a Lighthouse beacon node is running and synced. A non-default API endpoint can be passed with the `--endpoint` flag.
Run:
```
lcli etl-block-efficiency --output /path/to/output.csv --start-epoch 40 --end-epoch 80
```
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
As `cargo audit` astutely pointed out, the version of `zeroize_derive` were were using had a vulnerability:
```
Crate: zeroize_derive
Version: 1.1.0
Title: `#[zeroize(drop)]` doesn't implement `Drop` for `enum`s
Date: 2021-09-24
ID: RUSTSEC-2021-0115
URL: https://rustsec.org/advisories/RUSTSEC-2021-0115
Solution: Upgrade to >=1.2.0
```
This PR updates `zeroize` and `zeroize_derive` to appease `cargo audit`.
`tiny-bip39` was also updated to allow compile.
## Additional Info
I don't believe this vulnerability actually affected the Lighthouse code-base directly. However, `tiny-bip39` may have been affected which may have resulted in some uncleaned memory in Lighthouse. Whilst this is not ideal, it's not a major issue. Zeroization is a nice-to-have since it only protects from sophisticated attacks or attackers that already have a high level of access already.
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
Implements the "union" type from the SSZ spec for `ssz`, `ssz_derive`, `tree_hash` and `tree_hash_derive` so it may be derived for `enums`:
https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/blob/v1.1.0-beta.3/ssz/simple-serialize.md#union
The union type is required for the merge, since the `Transaction` type is defined as a single-variant union `Union[OpaqueTransaction]`.
### Crate Updates
This PR will (hopefully) cause CI to publish new versions for the following crates:
- `eth2_ssz_derive`: `0.2.1` -> `0.3.0`
- `eth2_ssz`: `0.3.0` -> `0.4.0`
- `eth2_ssz_types`: `0.2.0` -> `0.2.1`
- `tree_hash`: `0.3.0` -> `0.4.0`
- `tree_hash_derive`: `0.3.0` -> `0.4.0`
These these crates depend on each other, I've had to add a workspace-level `[patch]` for these crates. A follow-up PR will need to remove this patch, ones the new versions are published.
### Union Behaviors
We already had SSZ `Encode` and `TreeHash` derive for enums, however it just did a "transparent" pass-through of the inner value. Since the "union" decoding from the spec is in conflict with the transparent method, I've required that all `enum` have exactly one of the following enum-level attributes:
#### SSZ
- `#[ssz(enum_behaviour = "union")]`
- matches the spec used for the merge
- `#[ssz(enum_behaviour = "transparent")]`
- maintains existing functionality
- not supported for `Decode` (never was)
#### TreeHash
- `#[tree_hash(enum_behaviour = "union")]`
- matches the spec used for the merge
- `#[tree_hash(enum_behaviour = "transparent")]`
- maintains existing functionality
This means that we can maintain the existing transparent behaviour, but all existing users will get a compile-time error until they explicitly opt-in to being transparent.
### Legacy Option Encoding
Before this PR, we already had a union-esque encoding for `Option<T>`. However, this was with the *old* SSZ spec where the union selector was 4 bytes. During merge specification, the spec was changed to use 1 byte for the selector.
Whilst the 4-byte `Option` encoding was never used in the spec, we used it in our database. Writing a migrate script for all occurrences of `Option` in the database would be painful, especially since it's used in the `CommitteeCache`. To avoid the migrate script, I added a serde-esque `#[ssz(with = "module")]` field-level attribute to `ssz_derive` so that we can opt into the 4-byte encoding on a field-by-field basis.
The `ssz::legacy::four_byte_impl!` macro allows a one-liner to define the module required for the `#[ssz(with = "module")]` for some `Option<T> where T: Encode + Decode`.
Notably, **I have removed `Encode` and `Decode` impls for `Option`**. I've done this to force a break on downstream users. Like I mentioned, `Option` isn't used in the spec so I don't think it'll be *that* annoying. I think it's nicer than quietly having two different union implementations or quietly breaking the existing `Option` impl.
### Crate Publish Ordering
I've modified the order in which CI publishes crates to ensure that we don't publish a crate without ensuring we already published a crate that it depends upon.
## TODO
- [ ] Queue a follow-up `[patch]`-removing PR.
## Issue Addressed
Closes#1891Closes#1784
## Proposed Changes
Implement checkpoint sync for Lighthouse, enabling it to start from a weak subjectivity checkpoint.
## Additional Info
- [x] Return unavailable status for out-of-range blocks requested by peers (#2561)
- [x] Implement sync daemon for fetching historical blocks (#2561)
- [x] Verify chain hashes (either in `historical_blocks.rs` or the calling module)
- [x] Consistency check for initial block + state
- [x] Fetch the initial state and block from a beacon node HTTP endpoint
- [x] Don't crash fetching beacon states by slot from the API
- [x] Background service for state reconstruction, triggered by CLI flag or API call.
Considered out of scope for this PR:
- Drop the requirement to provide the `--checkpoint-block` (this would require some pretty heavy refactoring of block verification)
Co-authored-by: Diva M <divma@protonmail.com>
# Description
A few changes have been made to discovery. In particular a custom re-write of an LRU cache which previously was read/write O(N) for all our sessions ~5k, to a more reasonable hashmap-style O(1).
Further there has been reported issues in the current discv5, so added error handling to help identify the issue has been added.
[EIP-3030]: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3030
[Web3Signer]: https://consensys.github.io/web3signer/web3signer-eth2.html
## Issue Addressed
Resolves#2498
## Proposed Changes
Allows the VC to call out to a [Web3Signer] remote signer to obtain signatures.
## Additional Info
### Making Signing Functions `async`
To allow remote signing, I needed to make all the signing functions `async`. This caused a bit of noise where I had to convert iterators into `for` loops.
In `duties_service.rs` there was a particularly tricky case where we couldn't hold a write-lock across an `await`, so I had to first take a read-lock, then grab a write-lock.
### Move Signing from Core Executor
Whilst implementing this feature, I noticed that we signing was happening on the core tokio executor. I suspect this was causing the executor to temporarily lock and occasionally trigger some HTTP timeouts (and potentially SQL pool timeouts, but I can't verify this). Since moving all signing into blocking tokio tasks, I noticed a distinct drop in the "atttestations_http_get" metric on a Prater node:
I think this graph indicates that freeing the core executor allows the VC to operate more smoothly.
### Refactor TaskExecutor
I noticed that the `TaskExecutor::spawn_blocking_handle` function would fail to spawn tasks if it were unable to obtain handles to some metrics (this can happen if the same metric is defined twice). It seemed that a more sensible approach would be to keep spawning tasks, but without metrics. To that end, I refactored the function so that it would still function without metrics. There are no other changes made.
## TODO
- [x] Restructure to support multiple signing methods.
- [x] Add calls to remote signer from VC.
- [x] Documentation
- [x] Test all endpoints
- [x] Test HTTPS certificate
- [x] Allow adding remote signer validators via the API
- [x] Add Altair support via [21.8.1-rc1](https://github.com/ConsenSys/web3signer/releases/tag/21.8.1-rc1)
- [x] Create issue to start using latest version of web3signer. (See #2570)
## Notes
- ~~Web3Signer doesn't yet support the Altair fork for Prater. See https://github.com/ConsenSys/web3signer/issues/423.~~
- ~~There is not yet a release of Web3Signer which supports Altair blocks. See https://github.com/ConsenSys/web3signer/issues/391.~~
## Proposed Changes
This PR deletes all `remote_signer` code from Lighthouse, for the following reasons:
* The `remote_signer` code is unused, and we have no plans to use it now that we're moving to supporting the Web3Signer APIs: #2522
* It represents a significant maintenance burden. The HTTP API tests have been prone to platform-specific failures, and breakages due to dependency upgrades, e.g. #2400.
Although the code is deleted it remains in the Git history should we ever want to recover it. For ease of reference:
- The last commit containing remote signer code: 5a3bcd2904
- The last Lighthouse version: v1.5.1
## Issue Addressed
Resolves#2438Resolves#2437
## Proposed Changes
Changes the permissions for validator client http server api token file and secret key to 600 from 644. Also changes the permission for logfiles generated using the `--logfile` cli option to 600.
Logs the path to the api token instead of the actual api token. Updates docs to reflect the change.
## Issue Addressed
Related to: #2259
Made an attempt at all the necessary updates here to publish the crates to crates.io. I incremented the minor versions on all the crates that have been previously published. We still might run into some issues as we try to publish because I'm not able to test this out but I think it's a good starting point.
## Proposed Changes
- Add description and license to `ssz_types` and `serde_util`
- rename `serde_util` to `eth2_serde_util`
- increment minor versions
- remove path dependencies
- remove patch dependencies
## Additional Info
Crates published:
- [x] `tree_hash` -- need to publish `tree_hash_derive` and `eth2_hashing` first
- [x] `eth2_ssz_types` -- need to publish `eth2_serde_util` first
- [x] `tree_hash_derive`
- [x] `eth2_ssz`
- [x] `eth2_ssz_derive`
- [x] `eth2_serde_util`
- [x] `eth2_hashing`
Co-authored-by: realbigsean <seananderson33@gmail.com>
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
This PR adds some more fancy macro magic to make it easier to add a new built-in (aka "baked-in") testnet config to the `lighthouse` binary.
Previously, a user needed to modify several files and repeat themselves several times. Now, they only need to add a single definition in the `eth2_config` crate. No repetition 🎉
## Issue Addressed
Closes#2526
## Proposed Changes
If the head block fails to decode on start up, do two things:
1. Revert all blocks between the head and the most recent hard fork (to `fork_slot - 1`).
2. Reset fork choice so that it contains the new head, and all blocks back to the new head's finalized checkpoint.
## Additional Info
I tweaked some of the beacon chain test harness stuff in order to make it generic enough to test with a non-zero slot clock on start-up. In the process I consolidated all the various `new_` methods into a single generic one which will hopefully serve all future uses 🤞
## Issue Addressed
Resolves#2114
Swapped out the ctrlc crate for tokio signals to hook register handlers for SIGPIPE and SIGHUP along with SIGTERM and SIGINT.
## Proposed Changes
- Swap out the ctrlc crate for tokio signals for unix signal handing
- Register signals for SIGPIPE and SHIGUP that trigger the same shutdown procedure as SIGTERM and SIGINT
## Additional Info
I tested these changes against the examples in the original issue and noticed some interesting behavior on my machine. When running `lighthouse bn --network pyrmont |& tee -a pyrmont_bn.log` or `lighthouse bn --network pyrmont 2>&1 | tee -a pyrmont_bn.log` none of the above signals are sent to the lighthouse program in a way I was able to observe.
The only time it seems that the signal gets sent to the lighthouse program is if there is no redirection of stderr to stdout. I'm not as familiar with the details of how unix signals work in linux with a redirect like that so I'm not sure if this is a bug in the program or expected behavior.
Signals are correctly received without the redirection and if the above signals are sent directly to the program with something like `kill`.
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
- Version bump
- Increase queue sizes for aggregated attestations and re-queued attestations.
## Additional Info
NA
## Proposed Changes
* Consolidate Tokio versions: everything now uses the latest v1.10.0, no more `tokio-compat`.
* Many semver-compatible changes via `cargo update`. Notably this upgrades from the yanked v0.8.0 version of crossbeam-deque which is present in v1.5.0-rc.0
* Many semver incompatible upgrades via `cargo upgrades` and `cargo upgrade --workspace pkg_name`. Notable ommissions:
- Prometheus, to be handled separately: https://github.com/sigp/lighthouse/issues/2485
- `rand`, `rand_xorshift`: the libsecp256k1 package requires 0.7.x, so we'll stick with that for now
- `ethereum-types` is pinned at 0.11.0 because that's what `web3` is using and it seems nice to have just a single version
## Additional Info
We still have two versions of `libp2p-core` due to `discv5` depending on the v0.29.0 release rather than `master`. AFAIK it should be OK to release in this state (cc @AgeManning )
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
- Bump to `v1.5.0-rc.0`.
- Increase attestation reprocessing queue size (I saw this filling up on Prater).
- Reduce error log for full attn reprocessing queue to warn.
## TODO
- [x] Manual testing
- [x] Resolve https://github.com/sigp/lighthouse/pull/2493
- [x] Include https://github.com/sigp/lighthouse/pull/2501
## Issue Addressed
- Resolves#2457
- Resolves#2443
## Proposed Changes
Target the (presently unreleased) head of `libp2p/rust-libp2p:master` in order to obtain the fix from https://github.com/libp2p/rust-libp2p/pull/2175.
Additionally:
- `libsecp256k1` needed to be upgraded to satisfy the new version of `libp2p`.
- There were also a handful of minor changes to `eth2_libp2p` to suit some interface changes.
- Two `cargo audit --ignore` flags were remove due to libp2p upgrades.
## Additional Info
NA
## Proposed Changes
* Implement the validator client and HTTP API changes necessary to support Altair
Co-authored-by: realbigsean <seananderson33@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Michael Sproul <michael@sigmaprime.io>
## Issue Addressed
Resolves#2069
## Proposed Changes
- Adds a `--doppelganger-detection` flag
- Adds a `lighthouse/seen_validators` endpoint, which will make it so the lighthouse VC is not interopable with other client beacon nodes if the `--doppelganger-detection` flag is used, but hopefully this will become standardized. Relevant Eth2 API repo issue: https://github.com/ethereum/eth2.0-APIs/issues/64
- If the `--doppelganger-detection` flag is used, the VC will wait until the beacon node is synced, and then wait an additional 2 epochs. The reason for this is to make sure the beacon node is able to subscribe to the subnets our validators should be attesting on. I think an alternative would be to have the beacon node subscribe to all subnets for 2+ epochs on startup by default.
## Additional Info
I'd like to add tests and would appreciate feedback.
TODO: handle validators started via the API, potentially make this default behavior
Co-authored-by: realbigsean <seananderson33@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Michael Sproul <michael@sigmaprime.io>
Co-authored-by: Paul Hauner <paul@paulhauner.com>
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
This PR addresses two things:
1. Allows the `ValidatorMonitor` to work with Altair states.
1. Optimizes `altair::process_epoch` (see [code](https://github.com/paulhauner/lighthouse/blob/participation-cache/consensus/state_processing/src/per_epoch_processing/altair/participation_cache.rs) for description)
## Breaking Changes
The breaking changes in this PR revolve around one premise:
*After the Altair fork, it's not longer possible (given only a `BeaconState`) to identify if a validator had *any* attestation included during some epoch. The best we can do is see if that validator made the "timely" source/target/head flags.*
Whilst this seems annoying, it's not actually too bad. Finalization is based upon "timely target" attestations, so that's really the most important thing. Although there's *some* value in knowing if a validator had *any* attestation included, it's far more important to know about "timely target" participation, since this is what affects finality and justification.
For simplicity and consistency, I've also removed the ability to determine if *any* attestation was included from metrics and API endpoints. Now, all Altair and non-Altair states will simply report on the head/target attestations.
The following section details where we've removed fields and provides replacement values.
### Breaking Changes: Prometheus Metrics
Some participation metrics have been removed and replaced. Some were removed since they are no longer relevant to Altair (e.g., total attesting balance) and others replaced with gwei values instead of pre-computed values. This provides more flexibility at display-time (e.g., Grafana).
The following metrics were added as replacements:
- `beacon_participation_prev_epoch_head_attesting_gwei_total`
- `beacon_participation_prev_epoch_target_attesting_gwei_total`
- `beacon_participation_prev_epoch_source_attesting_gwei_total`
- `beacon_participation_prev_epoch_active_gwei_total`
The following metrics were removed:
- `beacon_participation_prev_epoch_attester`
- instead use `beacon_participation_prev_epoch_source_attesting_gwei_total / beacon_participation_prev_epoch_active_gwei_total`.
- `beacon_participation_prev_epoch_target_attester`
- instead use `beacon_participation_prev_epoch_target_attesting_gwei_total / beacon_participation_prev_epoch_active_gwei_total`.
- `beacon_participation_prev_epoch_head_attester`
- instead use `beacon_participation_prev_epoch_head_attesting_gwei_total / beacon_participation_prev_epoch_active_gwei_total`.
The `beacon_participation_prev_epoch_attester` endpoint has been removed. Users should instead use the pre-existing `beacon_participation_prev_epoch_target_attester`.
### Breaking Changes: HTTP API
The `/lighthouse/validator_inclusion/{epoch}/{validator_id}` endpoint loses the following fields:
- `current_epoch_attesting_gwei` (use `current_epoch_target_attesting_gwei` instead)
- `previous_epoch_attesting_gwei` (use `previous_epoch_target_attesting_gwei` instead)
The `/lighthouse/validator_inclusion/{epoch}/{validator_id}` endpoint lose the following fields:
- `is_current_epoch_attester` (use `is_current_epoch_target_attester` instead)
- `is_previous_epoch_attester` (use `is_previous_epoch_target_attester` instead)
- `is_active_in_current_epoch` becomes `is_active_unslashed_in_current_epoch`.
- `is_active_in_previous_epoch` becomes `is_active_unslashed_in_previous_epoch`.
## Additional Info
NA
## TODO
- [x] Deal with total balances
- [x] Update validator_inclusion API
- [ ] Ensure `beacon_participation_prev_epoch_target_attester` and `beacon_participation_prev_epoch_head_attester` work before Altair
Co-authored-by: realbigsean <seananderson33@gmail.com>
* Adjust beacon node timeouts for validator client HTTP requests (#2352)
Resolves#2313
Provide `BeaconNodeHttpClient` with a dedicated `Timeouts` struct.
This will allow granular adjustment of the timeout duration for different calls made from the VC to the BN. These can either be a constant value, or as a ratio of the slot duration.
Improve timeout performance by using these adjusted timeout duration's only whenever a fallback endpoint is available.
Add a CLI flag called `use-long-timeouts` to revert to the old behavior.
Additionally set the default `BeaconNodeHttpClient` timeouts to the be the slot duration of the network, rather than a constant 12 seconds. This will allow it to adjust to different network specifications.
Co-authored-by: Paul Hauner <paul@paulhauner.com>
* Use read_recursive locks in database (#2417)
Closes#2245
Replace all calls to `RwLock::read` in the `store` crate with `RwLock::read_recursive`.
* Unfortunately we can't run the deadlock detector on CI because it's pinned to an old Rust 1.51.0 nightly which cannot compile Lighthouse (one of our deps uses `ptr::addr_of!` which is too new). A fun side-project at some point might be to update the deadlock detector.
* The reason I think we haven't seen this deadlock (at all?) in practice is that _writes_ to the database's split point are quite infrequent, and a concurrent write is required to trigger the deadlock. The split point is only written when finalization advances, which is once per epoch (every ~6 minutes), and state reads are also quite sporadic. Perhaps we've just been incredibly lucky, or there's something about the timing of state reads vs database migration that protects us.
* I wrote a few small programs to demo the deadlock, and the effectiveness of the `read_recursive` fix: https://github.com/michaelsproul/relock_deadlock_mvp
* [The docs for `read_recursive`](https://docs.rs/lock_api/0.4.2/lock_api/struct.RwLock.html#method.read_recursive) warn of starvation for writers. I think in order for starvation to occur the database would have to be spammed with so many state reads that it's unable to ever clear them all and find time for a write, in which case migration of states to the freezer would cease. If an attack could be performed to trigger this starvation then it would likely trigger a deadlock in the current code, and I think ceasing migration is preferable to deadlocking in this extreme situation. In practice neither should occur due to protection from spammy peers at the network layer. Nevertheless, it would be prudent to run this change on the testnet nodes to check that it doesn't cause accidental starvation.
* Return more detail when invalid data is found in the DB during startup (#2445)
- Resolves#2444
Adds some more detail to the error message returned when the `BeaconChainBuilder` is unable to access or decode block/state objects during startup.
NA
* Use hardware acceleration for SHA256 (#2426)
Modify the SHA256 implementation in `eth2_hashing` so that it switches between `ring` and `sha2` to take advantage of [x86_64 SHA extensions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_SHA_extensions). The extensions are available on modern Intel and AMD CPUs, and seem to provide a considerable speed-up: on my Ryzen 5950X it dropped state tree hashing times by about 30% from 35ms to 25ms (on Prater).
The extensions became available in the `sha2` crate [last year](https://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/hf2vcx/ann_rustcryptos_sha1_and_sha2_now_support/), and are not available in Ring, which uses a [pure Rust implementation of sha2](https://github.com/briansmith/ring/blob/main/src/digest/sha2.rs). Ring is faster on CPUs that lack the extensions so I've implemented a runtime switch to use `sha2` only when the extensions are available. The runtime switching seems to impose a miniscule penalty (see the benchmarks linked below).
* Start a release checklist (#2270)
NA
Add a checklist to the release draft created by CI. I know @michaelsproul was also working on this and I suspect @realbigsean also might have useful input.
NA
* Serious banning
* fmt
Co-authored-by: Mac L <mjladson@pm.me>
Co-authored-by: Paul Hauner <paul@paulhauner.com>
Co-authored-by: Michael Sproul <michael@sigmaprime.io>
## Proposed Changes
Modify the SHA256 implementation in `eth2_hashing` so that it switches between `ring` and `sha2` to take advantage of [x86_64 SHA extensions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_SHA_extensions). The extensions are available on modern Intel and AMD CPUs, and seem to provide a considerable speed-up: on my Ryzen 5950X it dropped state tree hashing times by about 30% from 35ms to 25ms (on Prater).
## Additional Info
The extensions became available in the `sha2` crate [last year](https://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/hf2vcx/ann_rustcryptos_sha1_and_sha2_now_support/), and are not available in Ring, which uses a [pure Rust implementation of sha2](https://github.com/briansmith/ring/blob/main/src/digest/sha2.rs). Ring is faster on CPUs that lack the extensions so I've implemented a runtime switch to use `sha2` only when the extensions are available. The runtime switching seems to impose a miniscule penalty (see the benchmarks linked below).
## Proposed Changes
Implement the consensus changes necessary for the upcoming Altair hard fork.
## Additional Info
This is quite a heavy refactor, with pivotal types like the `BeaconState` and `BeaconBlock` changing from structs to enums. This ripples through the whole codebase with field accesses changing to methods, e.g. `state.slot` => `state.slot()`.
Co-authored-by: realbigsean <seananderson33@gmail.com>
This updates some older dependencies to address a few cargo audit warnings.
The majority of warnings come from network dependencies which will be addressed in #2389.
This PR contains some minor dep updates that are not network related.
Co-authored-by: Michael Sproul <michael@sigmaprime.io>
## Issue Addressed
Closes#1661
## Proposed Changes
Add a dummy package called `target_check` which gets compiled early in the build and fails if the target is 32-bit
## Additional Info
You can test the efficacy of this check with:
```
cross build --release --manifest-path lighthouse/Cargo.toml --target i686-unknown-linux-gnu
```
In which case this compilation error is shown:
```
error: Lighthouse requires a 64-bit CPU and operating system
--> common/target_check/src/lib.rs:8:1
|
8 | / assert_cfg!(
9 | | target_pointer_width = "64",
10 | | "Lighthouse requires a 64-bit CPU and operating system",
11 | | );
| |__^
```
## Issue Addressed
Closes#2354
## Proposed Changes
Add a `minify` method to `slashing_protection::Interchange` that keeps only the maximum-epoch attestation and maximum-slot block for each validator. Specifically, `minify` constructs "synthetic" attestations (with no `signing_root`) containing the maximum source epoch _and_ the maximum target epoch from the input. This is equivalent to the `minify_synth` algorithm that I've formally verified in this repository:
https://github.com/michaelsproul/slashing-proofs
## Additional Info
Includes the JSON loading optimisation from #2347
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
I've noticed some of the SigP Prater nodes struggling on v1.4.0-rc.0. I suspect this is due to the changes in #2296. Specifically, the trade-off which lowered the memory footprint whilst increasing runtime on some functions.
Presently, this PR is documenting my testing on Prater.
## Additional Info
NA
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
Bump versions.
## Additional Info
This is not exactly the v1.4.0 release described in [Lighthouse Update #36](https://lighthouse.sigmaprime.io/update-36.html).
Whilst it contains:
- Beta Windows support
- A reduction in Eth1 queries
- A reduction in memory footprint
It does not contain:
- Altair
- Doppelganger Protection
- The remote signer
We have decided to release some features early. This is primarily due to the desire to allow users to benefit from the memory saving improvements as soon as possible.
## TODO
- [x] Wait for #2340, #2356 and #2376 to merge and then rebase on `unstable`.
- [x] Ensure discovery issues are fixed (see #2388)
- [x] Ensure https://github.com/sigp/lighthouse/pull/2382 is merged/removed.
- [x] Ensure https://github.com/sigp/lighthouse/pull/2383 is merged/removed.
- [x] Ensure https://github.com/sigp/lighthouse/pull/2384 is merged/removed.
- [ ] Double-check eth1 cache is carried between boots
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
Reverts #2345 in the interests of getting v1.4.0 out this week. Once we have released that, we can go back to testing this again.
## Additional Info
NA
The ordering of adding new peers to the peerdb and deciding when to dial them was not considered in a previous update.
This adds the condition that if a peer is not in the peer-db then it is an acceptable peer to dial.
This makes #2374 obsolete.
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
Modify the configuration of [GNU malloc](https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/The-GNU-Allocator.html) to reduce memory footprint.
- Set `M_ARENA_MAX` to 4.
- This reduces memory fragmentation at the cost of contention between threads.
- Set `M_MMAP_THRESHOLD` to 2mb
- This means that any allocation >= 2mb is allocated via an anonymous mmap, instead of on the heap/arena. This reduces memory fragmentation since we don't need to keep growing the heap to find big contiguous slabs of free memory.
- ~~Run `malloc_trim` every 60 seconds.~~
- ~~This shaves unused memory from the top of the heap, preventing the heap from constantly growing.~~
- Removed, see: https://github.com/sigp/lighthouse/pull/2299#issuecomment-825322646
*Note: this only provides memory savings on the Linux (glibc) platform.*
## Additional Info
I'm going to close#2288 in favor of this for the following reasons:
- I've managed to get the memory footprint *smaller* here than with jemalloc.
- This PR seems to be less of a dramatic change than bringing in the jemalloc dep.
- The changes in this PR are strictly runtime changes, so we can create CLI flags which disable them completely. Since this change is wide-reaching and complex, it's nice to have an easy "escape hatch" if there are undesired consequences.
## TODO
- [x] Allow configuration via CLI flags
- [x] Test on Mac
- [x] Test on RasPi.
- [x] Determine if GNU malloc is present?
- I'm not quite sure how to detect for glibc.. This issue suggests we can't really: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/33244
- [x] Make a clear argument regarding the affect of this on CPU utilization.
- [x] Test with higher `M_ARENA_MAX` values.
- [x] Test with longer trim intervals
- [x] Add some stats about memory savings
- [x] Remove `malloc_trim` calls & code
## Issue Addressed
Windows incompatibility.
## Proposed Changes
On windows, lighthouse needs to default to STDIN as tty doesn't exist. Also Windows uses ACLs for file permissions. So to mirror chmod 600, we will remove every entry in a file's ACL and add only a single SID that is an alias for the file owner.
Beyond that, there were several changes made to different unit tests because windows has slightly different error messages as well as frustrating nuances around killing a process :/
## Additional Info
Tested on my Windows VM and it appears to work, also compiled & tested on Linux with these changes. Permissions look correct on both platforms now. Just waiting for my validator to activate on Prater so I can test running full validator client on windows.
Co-authored-by: ethDreamer <37123614+ethDreamer@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Michael Sproul <micsproul@gmail.com>
## Issue Addressed
N/A
## Proposed Changes
Add unit tests for the various CLI flags associated with the beacon node and validator client. These changes require the addition of two new flags: `dump-config` and `immediate-shutdown`.
## Additional Info
Both `dump-config` and `immediate-shutdown` are marked as hidden since they should only be used in testing and other advanced use cases.
**Note:** This requires changing `main.rs` so that the flags can adjust the program behavior as necessary.
Co-authored-by: Paul Hauner <paul@paulhauner.com>
## Issue Addressed
#2276
## Proposed Changes
Add the `SensitiveUrl` struct which wraps `Url` and implements custom `Display` and `Debug` traits to redact user secrets from being logged in eth1 endpoints, beacon node endpoints and metrics.
## Additional Info
This also includes a small rewrite of the eth1 crate to make requests using `Url` instead of `&str`.
Some error messages have also been changed to remove `Url` data.
## Issue Addressed
`cargo audit` failing due to a vuln in `openssl`
## Proposed Changes
Updates to the `Cargo.lock` made as a result of running `cargo audit fix`
## Additional Info
Co-authored-by: realbigsean <seananderson33@gmail.com>
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
Bump versions.
## Additional Info
This is a minor release (not patch) due to the very slight change introduced by #2291.
## Proposed Changes
Use two instances of max cover when packing attestations into blocks: one for the previous epoch, and one for the current epoch. This reduces the amount of computation done by roughly half due to the `O(n^2)` running time of max cover (`2 * (n/2)^2 = n^2/2`). This should help alleviate some load on block proposal, particularly on Prater.
## Issue Addressed
Resolves#2094
## Proposed Changes
Fixes scripts for creating local testnets. Adds an option in `lighthouse boot_node` to run with a previously generated enr.
## Issue Addressed
Closes#2052
## Proposed Changes
- Refactor the attester/proposer duties endpoints in the BN
- Performance improvements
- Fixes some potential inconsistencies with the dependent root fields.
- Removes `http_api::beacon_proposer_cache` and just uses the one on the `BeaconChain` instead.
- Move the code for the proposer/attester duties endpoints into separate files, for readability.
- Refactor the `DutiesService` in the VC
- Required to reduce the delay on broadcasting new blocks.
- Gets rid of the `ValidatorDuty` shim struct that came about when we adopted the standard API.
- Separate block/attestation duty tasks so that they don't block each other when one is slow.
- In the VC, use `PublicKeyBytes` to represent validators instead of `PublicKey`. `PublicKey` is a legit crypto object whilst `PublicKeyBytes` is just a byte-array, it's much faster to clone/hash `PublicKeyBytes` and this change has had a significant impact on runtimes.
- Unfortunately this has created lots of dust changes.
- In the BN, store `PublicKeyBytes` in the `beacon_proposer_cache` and allow access to them. The HTTP API always sends `PublicKeyBytes` over the wire and the conversion from `PublicKey` -> `PublickeyBytes` is non-trivial, especially when queries have 100s/1000s of validators (like Pyrmont).
- Add the `state_processing::state_advance` mod which dedups a lot of the "apply `n` skip slots to the state" code.
- This also fixes a bug with some functions which were failing to include a state root as per [this comment](072695284f/consensus/state_processing/src/state_advance.rs (L69-L74)). I couldn't find any instance of this bug that resulted in anything more severe than keying a shuffling cache by the wrong block root.
- Swap the VC block service to use `mpsc` from `tokio` instead of `futures`. This is consistent with the rest of the code base.
~~This PR *reduces* the size of the codebase 🎉~~ It *used* to reduce the size of the code base before I added more comments.
## Observations on Prymont
- Proposer duties times down from peaks of 450ms to consistent <1ms.
- Current epoch attester duties times down from >1s peaks to a consistent 20-30ms.
- Block production down from +600ms to 100-200ms.
## Additional Info
- ~~Blocked on #2241~~
- ~~Blocked on #2234~~
## TODO
- [x] ~~Refactor this into some smaller PRs?~~ Leaving this as-is for now.
- [x] Address `per_slot_processing` roots.
- [x] Investigate slow next epoch times. Not getting added to cache on block processing?
- [x] Consider [this](072695284f/beacon_node/store/src/hot_cold_store.rs (L811-L812)) in the scenario of replacing the state roots
Co-authored-by: pawan <pawandhananjay@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Michael Sproul <michael@sigmaprime.io>
This is a small PR which prevents unwanted bootnodes from being added to the DHT and being dialed when the `--disable-discovery` flag is set.
The main reason one would want to disable discovery is to connect to a fix set of peers. Currently, regardless of what the user does, Lighthouse will populate its DHT with previously known peers and also fill it with the spec's bootnodes. It will then dial the bootnodes that are capable of being dialed. This prevents testing with a fixed peer list.
This PR prevents these excess nodes from being added and dialed if the user has set `--disable-discovery`.
## Issue Addressed
Resolves#1788
## Proposed Changes
As per #1788, expose the time at which the process started via the `process_start_time_seconds` Prometheus metric. This will help users track uptime.
## Additional Info
NA
Co-authored-by: Michael Sproul <michael@sigmaprime.io>
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Problem this PR addresses
There's an issue where Lighthouse is banning a lot of peers due to the following sequence of events:
1. Gossip block 0xabc arrives ~200ms early
- It is propagated across the network, with respect to [`MAXIMUM_GOSSIP_CLOCK_DISPARITY`](https://github.com/ethereum/eth2.0-specs/blob/v1.0.0/specs/phase0/p2p-interface.md#why-is-there-maximum_gossip_clock_disparity-when-validating-slot-ranges-of-messages-in-gossip-subnets).
- However, it is not imported to our database since the block is early.
2. Attestations for 0xabc arrive, but the block was not imported.
- The peer that sent the attestation is down-voted.
- Each unknown-block attestation causes a score loss of 1, the peer is banned at -100.
- When the peer is on an attestation subnet there can be hundreds of attestations, so the peer is banned quickly (before the missed block can be obtained via rpc).
## Potential solutions
I can think of three solutions to this:
1. Wait for attestation-queuing (#635) to arrive and solve this.
- Easy
- Not immediate fix.
- Whilst this would work, I don't think it's a perfect solution for this particular issue, rather (3) is better.
1. Allow importing blocks with a tolerance of `MAXIMUM_GOSSIP_CLOCK_DISPARITY`.
- Easy
- ~~I have implemented this, for now.~~
1. If a block is verified for gossip propagation (i.e., signature verified) and it's within `MAXIMUM_GOSSIP_CLOCK_DISPARITY`, then queue it to be processed at the start of the appropriate slot.
- More difficult
- Feels like the best solution, I will try to implement this.
**This PR takes approach (3).**
## Changes included
- Implement the `block_delay_queue`, based upon a [`DelayQueue`](https://docs.rs/tokio-util/0.6.3/tokio_util/time/delay_queue/struct.DelayQueue.html) which can store blocks until it's time to import them.
- Add a new `DelayedImportBlock` variant to the `beacon_processor::WorkEvent` enum to handle this new event.
- In the `BeaconProcessor`, refactor a `tokio::select!` to a struct with an explicit `Stream` implementation. I experienced some issues with `tokio::select!` in the block delay queue and I also found it hard to debug. I think this explicit implementation is nicer and functionally equivalent (apart from the fact that `tokio::select!` randomly chooses futures to poll, whereas now we're deterministic).
- Add a testing framework to the `beacon_processor` module that tests this new block delay logic. I also tested a handful of other operations in the beacon processor (attns, slashings, exits) since it was super easy to copy-pasta the code from the `http_api` tester.
- To implement these tests I added the concept of an optional `work_journal_tx` to the `BeaconProcessor` which will spit out a log of events. I used this in the tests to ensure that things were happening as I expect.
- The tests are a little racey, but it's hard to avoid that when testing timing-based code. If we see CI failures I can revise. I haven't observed *any* failures due to races on my machine or on CI yet.
- To assist with testing I allowed for directly setting the time on the `ManualSlotClock`.
- I gave the `beacon_processor::Worker` a `Toolbox` for two reasons; (a) it avoids changing tons of function sigs when you want to pass a new object to the worker and (b) it seemed cute.
## Proposed Changes
Somehow since Lighthouse v1.1.3 the behaviour of `git-describe` has changed so that it includes the version tag, the number of commits since that tag, _and_ the commit. According to the docs this is how it should always have behaved?? Weird!
https://git-scm.com/docs/git-describe/2.30.1
Anyway, this lead to `lighthouse_version` producing this monstrosity of a version string when building #2194:
```
Lighthouse/v1.1.3-v1.1.3-5-gac07
```
Observe it in the wild here: https://pyrmont.beaconcha.in/block/694880
Adding `--exclude="*"` prevents `git-describe` from trying to include the tag, and on that troublesome commit from #2194 it now produces the correct version string.
## Issue Addressed
- Resolves#2215
## Proposed Changes
Addresses a potential loop when the majority of peers indicate that we are contactable via an IPv6 address.
See https://github.com/sigp/discv5/pull/62 for further rationale.
## Additional Info
The alternative to this PR is to use `--disable-enr-auto-update` and then manually supply an `--enr-address` and `--enr-upd-port`. However, that requires the user to know their IP addresses in order for discovery to work properly. This might not be practical/achievable for some users, hence this hotfix.
## Issue Addressed
resolves#2129resolves#2099
addresses some of #1712
unblocks #2076
unblocks #2153
## Proposed Changes
- Updates all the dependencies mentioned in #2129, except for web3. They haven't merged their tokio 1.0 update because they are waiting on some dependencies of their own. Since we only use web3 in tests, I think updating it in a separate issue is fine. If they are able to merge soon though, I can update in this PR.
- Updates `tokio_util` to 0.6.2 and `bytes` to 1.0.1.
- We haven't made a discv5 release since merging tokio 1.0 updates so I'm using a commit rather than release atm. **Edit:** I think we should merge an update of `tokio_util` to 0.6.2 into discv5 before this release because it has panic fixes in `DelayQueue` --> PR in discv5: https://github.com/sigp/discv5/pull/58
## Additional Info
tokio 1.0 changes that required some changes in lighthouse:
- `interval.next().await.is_some()` -> `interval.tick().await`
- `sleep` future is now `!Unpin` -> https://github.com/tokio-rs/tokio/issues/3028
- `try_recv` has been temporarily removed from `mpsc` -> https://github.com/tokio-rs/tokio/issues/3350
- stream features have moved to `tokio-stream` and `broadcast::Receiver::into_stream()` has been temporarily removed -> `https://github.com/tokio-rs/tokio/issues/2870
- I've copied over the `BroadcastStream` wrapper from this PR, but can update to use `tokio-stream` once it's merged https://github.com/tokio-rs/tokio/pull/3384
Co-authored-by: realbigsean <seananderson33@gmail.com>
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
Copied from #2083, changes the config milliseconds_per_slot to seconds_per_slot to avoid errors when slot duration is not a multiple of a second. To avoid deserializing old serialized data (with milliseconds instead of seconds) the Serialize and Deserialize derive got removed from the Spec struct (isn't currently used anyway).
This PR replaces #2083 for the purpose of fixing a merge conflict without requiring the input of @blacktemplar.
## Additional Info
NA
Co-authored-by: blacktemplar <blacktemplar@a1.net>
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
Adds a command to replace all the pubkeys in a state with one generated from a mnemonic.
## Additional Info
This is not production code, it's only for testing.
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
As per #2100, uses derives from the sturm library to implement AsRef<str> and AsStaticRef to easily get str values from enums without creating new Strings. Furthermore unifies all attestation error counter into one IntCounterVec vector.
These works are originally by @blacktemplar, I've just created this PR so I can resolve some merge conflicts.
## Additional Info
NA
Co-authored-by: blacktemplar <blacktemplar@a1.net>
## Issue Addressed
`cargo audit` is failing because of a potential for an overflow in the version of `smallvec` we're using
## Proposed Changes
Update to the latest version of `smallvec`, which has the fix
Co-authored-by: realbigsean <seananderson33@gmail.com>
## Issue Addressed
Fixes#2141
Remove [tempdir](https://docs.rs/tempdir/0.3.7/tempdir/) in favor of [tempfile](https://docs.rs/tempfile/3.1.0/tempfile/).
## Proposed Changes
`tempfile` has a slightly different api that makes creating temp folders with a name prefix a chore (`tempdir::TempDir::new("toto")` => `tempfile::Builder::new().prefix("toto").tempdir()`).
So I removed temp folder name prefix where I deemed it not useful.
Otherwise, the functionality is the same.
This is a little bit of a tip-of-the-iceberg PR. It houses a lot of code changes in the libp2p dependency.
This needs a bit of thorough testing before merging.
The primary code changes are:
- General libp2p dependency update
- Gossipsub refactor to shift compression into gossipsub providing performance improvements and improved API for handling compression
Co-authored-by: Paul Hauner <paul@paulhauner.com>
## Issue Addressed
- Resolves#1883
## Proposed Changes
This follows on from @blacktemplar's work in #2018.
- Allows the VC to connect to multiple BN for redundancy.
- Update the simulator so some nodes always need to rely on their fallback.
- Adds some extra deprecation warnings for `--eth1-endpoint`
- Pass `SignatureBytes` as a reference instead of by value.
## Additional Info
NA
Co-authored-by: blacktemplar <blacktemplar@a1.net>
## Issue Addressed
N/A
## Proposed Changes
Fixes multiple issues related to discovering of subnet peers.
1. Subnet discovery retries after yielding no results
2. Metadata updates if peer send older metadata
3. peerdb stores the peer subscriptions from gossipsub
## Issue Addressed
Closes#2048
## Proposed Changes
* Broadcast slashings when the `--slasher-broadcast` flag is provided.
* In the process of implementing this I refactored the slasher service into its own crate so that it could access the network code without creating a circular dependency. I moved the responsibility for putting slashings into the op pool into the service as well, as it makes sense for it to handle the whole slashing lifecycle.
## Proposed Changes
Run cargo update and bump version in prep for v1.0.4 release
## Additional Info
Planning to merge this commit to `unstable`, test on Pyrmont and canary nodes, then push to `stable`.
