solidity/AST.h

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/*
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This file is part of cpp-ethereum.
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cpp-ethereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
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cpp-ethereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with cpp-ethereum. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
/**
* @author Christian <c@ethdev.com>
* @date 2014
* Solidity abstract syntax tree.
*/
#pragma once
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#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <memory>
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#include <boost/noncopyable.hpp>
#include <libevmasm/SourceLocation.h>
#include <libsolidity/Utils.h>
#include <libsolidity/ASTForward.h>
#include <libsolidity/Token.h>
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#include <libsolidity/Types.h>
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#include <libsolidity/Exceptions.h>
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namespace dev
{
namespace solidity
{
class ASTVisitor;
class ASTConstVisitor;
/**
* The root (abstract) class of the AST inheritance tree.
* It is possible to traverse all direct and indirect children of an AST node by calling
* accept, providing an ASTVisitor.
*/
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class ASTNode: private boost::noncopyable
{
public:
explicit ASTNode(SourceLocation const& _location): m_location(_location) {}
virtual ~ASTNode() {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) = 0;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const = 0;
template <class T>
static void listAccept(std::vector<ASTPointer<T>>& _list, ASTVisitor& _visitor)
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{
for (ASTPointer<T>& element: _list)
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element->accept(_visitor);
}
template <class T>
static void listAccept(std::vector<ASTPointer<T>> const& _list, ASTConstVisitor& _visitor)
{
for (ASTPointer<T> const& element: _list)
element->accept(_visitor);
}
/// Returns the source code location of this node.
SourceLocation const& getLocation() const { return m_location; }
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/// Creates a @ref TypeError exception and decorates it with the location of the node and
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/// the given description
TypeError createTypeError(std::string const& _description) const;
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///@{
///@name equality operators
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/// Equality relies on the fact that nodes cannot be copied.
bool operator==(ASTNode const& _other) const { return this == &_other; }
bool operator!=(ASTNode const& _other) const { return !operator==(_other); }
///@}
private:
SourceLocation m_location;
};
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/**
* Source unit containing import directives and contract definitions.
*/
class SourceUnit: public ASTNode
{
public:
SourceUnit(SourceLocation const& _location, std::vector<ASTPointer<ASTNode>> const& _nodes):
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ASTNode(_location), m_nodes(_nodes) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
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std::vector<ASTPointer<ASTNode>> getNodes() const { return m_nodes; }
private:
std::vector<ASTPointer<ASTNode>> m_nodes;
};
/**
* Import directive for referencing other files / source objects.
* Example: import "abc.sol"
* Source objects are identified by a string which can be a file name but does not have to be.
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*/
class ImportDirective: public ASTNode
{
public:
ImportDirective(SourceLocation const& _location, ASTPointer<ASTString> const& _identifier):
ASTNode(_location), m_identifier(_identifier) {}
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virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
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ASTString const& getIdentifier() const { return *m_identifier; }
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private:
ASTPointer<ASTString> m_identifier;
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};
/**
* Abstract AST class for a declaration (contract, function, struct, variable).
*/
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class Declaration: public ASTNode
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{
public:
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/// Visibility ordered from restricted to unrestricted.
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enum class Visibility { Default, Private, Internal, Public, External };
Declaration(SourceLocation const& _location, ASTPointer<ASTString> const& _name,
Visibility _visibility = Visibility::Default):
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ASTNode(_location), m_name(_name), m_visibility(_visibility), m_scope(nullptr) {}
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/// @returns the declared name.
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ASTString const& getName() const { return *m_name; }
Visibility getVisibility() const { return m_visibility == Visibility::Default ? getDefaultVisibility() : m_visibility; }
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bool isPublic() const { return getVisibility() >= Visibility::Public; }
virtual bool isVisibleInContract() const { return getVisibility() != Visibility::External; }
bool isVisibleInDerivedContracts() const { return isVisibleInContract() && getVisibility() >= Visibility::Internal; }
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/// @returns the scope this declaration resides in. Can be nullptr if it is the global scope.
/// Available only after name and type resolution step.
Declaration const* getScope() const { return m_scope; }
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void setScope(Declaration const* _scope) { m_scope = _scope; }
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/// @returns the type of expressions referencing this declaration.
/// The current contract has to be given since this context can change the type, especially of
/// contract types.
virtual TypePointer getType(ContractDefinition const* m_currentContract = nullptr) const = 0;
virtual bool isLValue() const { return false; }
virtual bool isPartOfExternalInterface() const { return false; }
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protected:
virtual Visibility getDefaultVisibility() const { return Visibility::Public; }
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private:
ASTPointer<ASTString> m_name;
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Visibility m_visibility;
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Declaration const* m_scope;
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};
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/**
* Abstract class that is added to each AST node that can store local variables.
*/
class VariableScope
{
public:
void addLocalVariable(VariableDeclaration const& _localVariable) { m_localVariables.push_back(&_localVariable); }
std::vector<VariableDeclaration const*> const& getLocalVariables() const { return m_localVariables; }
private:
std::vector<VariableDeclaration const*> m_localVariables;
};
/**
* Abstract class that is added to each AST node that can receive documentation.
*/
class Documented
{
public:
explicit Documented(ASTPointer<ASTString> const& _documentation): m_documentation(_documentation) {}
/// @return A shared pointer of an ASTString.
/// Can contain a nullptr in which case indicates absence of documentation
ASTPointer<ASTString> const& getDocumentation() const { return m_documentation; }
protected:
ASTPointer<ASTString> m_documentation;
};
/**
* Abstract class that is added to AST nodes that can be marked as not being fully implemented
*/
class ImplementationOptional
{
public:
explicit ImplementationOptional(bool _implemented): m_implemented(_implemented) {}
/// @return whether this node is fully implemented or not
bool isFullyImplemented() const { return m_implemented; }
void setFullyImplemented(bool _implemented) { m_implemented = _implemented; }
protected:
bool m_implemented;
};
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/// @}
/**
* Definition of a contract. This is the only AST nodes where child nodes are not visited in
* document order. It first visits all struct declarations, then all variable declarations and
* finally all function declarations.
*/
class ContractDefinition: public Declaration, public Documented, public ImplementationOptional
{
public:
ContractDefinition(
SourceLocation const& _location,
ASTPointer<ASTString> const& _name,
ASTPointer<ASTString> const& _documentation,
std::vector<ASTPointer<InheritanceSpecifier>> const& _baseContracts,
std::vector<ASTPointer<StructDefinition>> const& _definedStructs,
std::vector<ASTPointer<EnumDefinition>> const& _definedEnums,
std::vector<ASTPointer<VariableDeclaration>> const& _stateVariables,
std::vector<ASTPointer<FunctionDefinition>> const& _definedFunctions,
std::vector<ASTPointer<ModifierDefinition>> const& _functionModifiers,
std::vector<ASTPointer<EventDefinition>> const& _events
):
Declaration(_location, _name),
Documented(_documentation),
ImplementationOptional(true),
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m_baseContracts(_baseContracts),
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m_definedStructs(_definedStructs),
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m_definedEnums(_definedEnums),
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m_stateVariables(_stateVariables),
m_definedFunctions(_definedFunctions),
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m_functionModifiers(_functionModifiers),
m_events(_events)
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{}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
std::vector<ASTPointer<InheritanceSpecifier>> const& getBaseContracts() const { return m_baseContracts; }
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std::vector<ASTPointer<StructDefinition>> const& getDefinedStructs() const { return m_definedStructs; }
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std::vector<ASTPointer<EnumDefinition>> const& getDefinedEnums() const { return m_definedEnums; }
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std::vector<ASTPointer<VariableDeclaration>> const& getStateVariables() const { return m_stateVariables; }
std::vector<ASTPointer<ModifierDefinition>> const& getFunctionModifiers() const { return m_functionModifiers; }
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std::vector<ASTPointer<FunctionDefinition>> const& getDefinedFunctions() const { return m_definedFunctions; }
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std::vector<ASTPointer<EventDefinition>> const& getEvents() const { return m_events; }
std::vector<ASTPointer<EventDefinition>> const& getInterfaceEvents() const;
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virtual TypePointer getType(ContractDefinition const* m_currentContract) const override;
/// Checks that there are no illegal overrides, that the constructor does not have a "returns"
/// and calls checkTypeRequirements on all its functions.
void checkTypeRequirements();
/// @returns a map of canonical function signatures to FunctionDefinitions
/// as intended for use by the ABI.
std::map<FixedHash<4>, FunctionTypePointer> getInterfaceFunctions() const;
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/// @returns a list of the inheritable members of this contract
std::vector<Declaration const*> const& getInheritableMembers() const;
/// List of all (direct and indirect) base contracts in order from derived to base, including
/// the contract itself. Available after name resolution
std::vector<ContractDefinition const*> const& getLinearizedBaseContracts() const { return m_linearizedBaseContracts; }
void setLinearizedBaseContracts(std::vector<ContractDefinition const*> const& _bases) { m_linearizedBaseContracts = _bases; }
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/// Returns the constructor or nullptr if no constructor was specified.
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FunctionDefinition const* getConstructor() const;
/// Returns the fallback function or nullptr if no fallback function was specified.
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FunctionDefinition const* getFallbackFunction() const;
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private:
/// Checks that two functions defined in this contract with the same name have different
/// arguments and that there is at most one constructor.
void checkDuplicateFunctions() const;
void checkIllegalOverrides() const;
void checkAbstractFunctions();
void checkAbstractConstructors();
/// Checks that different functions with external visibility end up having different
/// external argument types (i.e. different signature).
void checkExternalTypeClashes() const;
std::vector<std::pair<FixedHash<4>, FunctionTypePointer>> const& getInterfaceFunctionList() const;
std::vector<ASTPointer<InheritanceSpecifier>> m_baseContracts;
std::vector<ASTPointer<StructDefinition>> m_definedStructs;
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std::vector<ASTPointer<EnumDefinition>> m_definedEnums;
std::vector<ASTPointer<VariableDeclaration>> m_stateVariables;
std::vector<ASTPointer<FunctionDefinition>> m_definedFunctions;
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std::vector<ASTPointer<ModifierDefinition>> m_functionModifiers;
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std::vector<ASTPointer<EventDefinition>> m_events;
std::vector<ContractDefinition const*> m_linearizedBaseContracts;
mutable std::unique_ptr<std::vector<std::pair<FixedHash<4>, FunctionTypePointer>>> m_interfaceFunctionList;
mutable std::unique_ptr<std::vector<ASTPointer<EventDefinition>>> m_interfaceEvents;
mutable std::unique_ptr<std::vector<Declaration const*>> m_inheritableMembers;
};
class InheritanceSpecifier: public ASTNode
{
public:
InheritanceSpecifier(SourceLocation const& _location, ASTPointer<Identifier> const& _baseName,
std::vector<ASTPointer<Expression>> _arguments):
ASTNode(_location), m_baseName(_baseName), m_arguments(_arguments) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
ASTPointer<Identifier> const& getName() const { return m_baseName; }
std::vector<ASTPointer<Expression>> const& getArguments() const { return m_arguments; }
void checkTypeRequirements();
private:
ASTPointer<Identifier> m_baseName;
std::vector<ASTPointer<Expression>> m_arguments;
};
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class StructDefinition: public Declaration
{
public:
StructDefinition(SourceLocation const& _location,
ASTPointer<ASTString> const& _name,
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std::vector<ASTPointer<VariableDeclaration>> const& _members):
Declaration(_location, _name), m_members(_members) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
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std::vector<ASTPointer<VariableDeclaration>> const& getMembers() const { return m_members; }
virtual TypePointer getType(ContractDefinition const*) const override;
/// Checks that the members do not include any recursive structs and have valid types
/// (e.g. no functions).
void checkValidityOfMembers() const;
private:
void checkMemberTypes() const;
void checkRecursion() const;
std::vector<ASTPointer<VariableDeclaration>> m_members;
};
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class EnumDefinition: public Declaration
{
public:
EnumDefinition(SourceLocation const& _location,
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ASTPointer<ASTString> const& _name,
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std::vector<ASTPointer<EnumValue>> const& _members):
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Declaration(_location, _name), m_members(_members) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
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std::vector<ASTPointer<EnumValue>> const& getMembers() const { return m_members; }
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virtual TypePointer getType(ContractDefinition const*) const override;
private:
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std::vector<ASTPointer<EnumValue>> m_members;
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};
/**
* Declaration of an Enum Value
*/
class EnumValue: public Declaration
{
public:
EnumValue(SourceLocation const& _location,
ASTPointer<ASTString> const& _name):
Declaration(_location, _name) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
virtual TypePointer getType(ContractDefinition const* = nullptr) const override;
};
/**
* Parameter list, used as function parameter list and return list.
* None of the parameters is allowed to contain mappings (not even recursively
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* inside structs).
*/
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class ParameterList: public ASTNode
{
public:
ParameterList(SourceLocation const& _location,
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std::vector<ASTPointer<VariableDeclaration>> const& _parameters):
ASTNode(_location), m_parameters(_parameters) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
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std::vector<ASTPointer<VariableDeclaration>> const& getParameters() const { return m_parameters; }
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private:
std::vector<ASTPointer<VariableDeclaration>> m_parameters;
};
/**
* Base class for all nodes that define function-like objects, i.e. FunctionDefinition,
* EventDefinition and ModifierDefinition.
*/
class CallableDeclaration: public Declaration, public VariableScope
{
public:
CallableDeclaration(
SourceLocation const& _location,
ASTPointer<ASTString> const& _name,
Declaration::Visibility _visibility,
ASTPointer<ParameterList> const& _parameters,
ASTPointer<ParameterList> const& _returnParameters = ASTPointer<ParameterList>()
):
Declaration(_location, _name, _visibility),
m_parameters(_parameters),
m_returnParameters(_returnParameters)
{
}
std::vector<ASTPointer<VariableDeclaration>> const& getParameters() const { return m_parameters->getParameters(); }
ParameterList const& getParameterList() const { return *m_parameters; }
ASTPointer<ParameterList> const& getReturnParameterList() const { return m_returnParameters; }
protected:
ASTPointer<ParameterList> m_parameters;
ASTPointer<ParameterList> m_returnParameters;
};
class FunctionDefinition: public CallableDeclaration, public Documented, public ImplementationOptional
{
public:
FunctionDefinition(
SourceLocation const& _location,
ASTPointer<ASTString> const& _name,
Declaration::Visibility _visibility,
bool _isConstructor,
ASTPointer<ASTString> const& _documentation,
ASTPointer<ParameterList> const& _parameters,
bool _isDeclaredConst,
std::vector<ASTPointer<ModifierInvocation>> const& _modifiers,
ASTPointer<ParameterList> const& _returnParameters,
ASTPointer<Block> const& _body
):
CallableDeclaration(_location, _name, _visibility, _parameters, _returnParameters),
Documented(_documentation),
ImplementationOptional(_body != nullptr),
m_isConstructor(_isConstructor),
m_isDeclaredConst(_isDeclaredConst),
m_functionModifiers(_modifiers),
m_body(_body)
{}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
bool isConstructor() const { return m_isConstructor; }
bool isDeclaredConst() const { return m_isDeclaredConst; }
std::vector<ASTPointer<ModifierInvocation>> const& getModifiers() const { return m_functionModifiers; }
std::vector<ASTPointer<VariableDeclaration>> const& getReturnParameters() const { return m_returnParameters->getParameters(); }
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Block const& getBody() const { return *m_body; }
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virtual bool isVisibleInContract() const override
{
return Declaration::isVisibleInContract() && !isConstructor() && !getName().empty();
}
virtual TypePointer getType(ContractDefinition const*) const override;
virtual bool isPartOfExternalInterface() const override { return isPublic() && !m_isConstructor && !getName().empty(); }
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/// Checks that all parameters have allowed types and calls checkTypeRequirements on the body.
void checkTypeRequirements();
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/// @returns the external signature of the function
/// That consists of the name of the function followed by the types of the
/// arguments separated by commas all enclosed in parentheses without any spaces.
std::string externalSignature() const;
private:
bool m_isConstructor;
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bool m_isDeclaredConst;
std::vector<ASTPointer<ModifierInvocation>> m_functionModifiers;
ASTPointer<Block> m_body;
};
/**
* Declaration of a variable. This can be used in various places, e.g. in function parameter
* lists, struct definitions and even function bodys.
*/
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class VariableDeclaration: public Declaration
{
public:
enum Location { Default, Storage, Memory };
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VariableDeclaration(
SourceLocation const& _sourceLocation,
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ASTPointer<TypeName> const& _type,
ASTPointer<ASTString> const& _name,
ASTPointer<Expression> _value,
Visibility _visibility,
bool _isStateVar = false,
bool _isIndexed = false,
bool _isConstant = false,
Location _referenceLocation = Location::Default
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):
Declaration(_sourceLocation, _name, _visibility),
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m_typeName(_type),
m_value(_value),
m_isStateVariable(_isStateVar),
m_isIndexed(_isIndexed),
m_isConstant(_isConstant),
m_location(_referenceLocation) {}
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virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
TypeName* getTypeName() { return m_typeName.get(); }
ASTPointer<Expression> const& getValue() const { return m_value; }
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/// Returns the declared or inferred type. Can be an empty pointer if no type was explicitly
/// declared and there is no assignment to the variable that fixes the type.
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TypePointer getType(ContractDefinition const* = nullptr) const override { return m_type; }
void setType(std::shared_ptr<Type const> const& _type) { m_type = _type; }
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virtual bool isLValue() const override;
virtual bool isPartOfExternalInterface() const override { return isPublic() && !m_isConstant; }
void checkTypeRequirements();
bool isLocalVariable() const { return !!dynamic_cast<FunctionDefinition const*>(getScope()); }
/// @returns true if this variable is a parameter or return parameter of a function.
bool isCallableParameter() const;
/// @returns true if this variable is a parameter (not return parameter) of an external function.
bool isExternalCallableParameter() const;
bool isStateVariable() const { return m_isStateVariable; }
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bool isIndexed() const { return m_isIndexed; }
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bool isConstant() const { return m_isConstant; }
Location referenceLocation() const { return m_location; }
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protected:
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Visibility getDefaultVisibility() const override { return Visibility::Internal; }
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private:
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ASTPointer<TypeName> m_typeName; ///< can be empty ("var")
ASTPointer<Expression> m_value; ///< the assigned value, can be missing
bool m_isStateVariable; ///< Whether or not this is a contract state variable
bool m_isIndexed; ///< Whether this is an indexed variable (used by events).
bool m_isConstant; ///< Whether the variable is a compile-time constant.
Location m_location; ///< Location of the variable if it is of reference type.
std::shared_ptr<Type const> m_type; ///< derived type, initially empty
};
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/**
* Definition of a function modifier.
*/
class ModifierDefinition: public CallableDeclaration, public Documented
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{
public:
ModifierDefinition(SourceLocation const& _location,
ASTPointer<ASTString> const& _name,
ASTPointer<ASTString> const& _documentation,
ASTPointer<ParameterList> const& _parameters,
ASTPointer<Block> const& _body
):
CallableDeclaration(_location, _name, Visibility::Default, _parameters),
Documented(_documentation),
m_body(_body)
{
}
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virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
Block const& getBody() const { return *m_body; }
virtual TypePointer getType(ContractDefinition const* = nullptr) const override;
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void checkTypeRequirements();
private:
ASTPointer<Block> m_body;
};
/**
* Invocation/usage of a modifier in a function header or a base constructor call.
*/
class ModifierInvocation: public ASTNode
{
public:
ModifierInvocation(SourceLocation const& _location, ASTPointer<Identifier> const& _name,
std::vector<ASTPointer<Expression>> _arguments):
ASTNode(_location), m_modifierName(_name), m_arguments(_arguments) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
ASTPointer<Identifier> const& getName() const { return m_modifierName; }
std::vector<ASTPointer<Expression>> const& getArguments() const { return m_arguments; }
/// @param _bases is the list of base contracts for base constructor calls. For modifiers an empty vector should be passed.
void checkTypeRequirements(std::vector<ContractDefinition const*> const& _bases);
private:
ASTPointer<Identifier> m_modifierName;
std::vector<ASTPointer<Expression>> m_arguments;
};
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/**
* Definition of a (loggable) event.
*/
class EventDefinition: public CallableDeclaration, public Documented
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{
public:
EventDefinition(
SourceLocation const& _location,
ASTPointer<ASTString> const& _name,
ASTPointer<ASTString> const& _documentation,
ASTPointer<ParameterList> const& _parameters,
bool _anonymous = false
):
CallableDeclaration(_location, _name, Visibility::Default, _parameters),
Documented(_documentation),
m_anonymous(_anonymous)
{
}
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virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
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bool isAnonymous() const { return m_anonymous; }
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virtual TypePointer getType(ContractDefinition const* = nullptr) const override
{
return std::make_shared<FunctionType>(*this);
}
void checkTypeRequirements();
private:
bool m_anonymous = false;
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};
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/**
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* Pseudo AST node that is used as declaration for "this", "msg", "tx", "block" and the global
* functions when such an identifier is encountered. Will never have a valid location in the source code.
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*/
class MagicVariableDeclaration: public Declaration
{
public:
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MagicVariableDeclaration(ASTString const& _name, std::shared_ptr<Type const> const& _type):
Declaration(SourceLocation(), std::make_shared<ASTString>(_name)), m_type(_type) {}
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virtual void accept(ASTVisitor&) override { BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InternalCompilerError()
<< errinfo_comment("MagicVariableDeclaration used inside real AST.")); }
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor&) const override { BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InternalCompilerError()
<< errinfo_comment("MagicVariableDeclaration used inside real AST.")); }
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virtual TypePointer getType(ContractDefinition const* = nullptr) const override { return m_type; }
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private:
std::shared_ptr<Type const> m_type;
};
/// Types
/// @{
/**
* Abstract base class of a type name, can be any built-in or user-defined type.
*/
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class TypeName: public ASTNode
{
public:
explicit TypeName(SourceLocation const& _location): ASTNode(_location) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
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/// Retrieve the element of the type hierarchy this node refers to. Can return an empty shared
/// pointer until the types have been resolved using the @ref NameAndTypeResolver.
/// If it returns an empty shared pointer after that, this indicates that the type was not found.
virtual std::shared_ptr<Type const> toType() = 0;
};
/**
* Any pre-defined type name represented by a single keyword, i.e. it excludes mappings,
* contracts, functions, etc.
*/
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class ElementaryTypeName: public TypeName
{
public:
explicit ElementaryTypeName(SourceLocation const& _location, Token::Value _type):
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TypeName(_location), m_type(_type)
{
solAssert(Token::isElementaryTypeName(_type), "");
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}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
virtual std::shared_ptr<Type const> toType() override { return Type::fromElementaryTypeName(m_type); }
Token::Value getTypeName() const { return m_type; }
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private:
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Token::Value m_type;
};
/**
* Name referring to a user-defined type (i.e. a struct, contract, etc.).
*/
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class UserDefinedTypeName: public TypeName
{
public:
UserDefinedTypeName(SourceLocation const& _location, ASTPointer<ASTString> const& _name):
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TypeName(_location), m_name(_name), m_referencedDeclaration(nullptr) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
virtual std::shared_ptr<Type const> toType() override { return Type::fromUserDefinedTypeName(*this); }
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ASTString const& getName() const { return *m_name; }
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void setReferencedDeclaration(Declaration const& _referencedDeclaration) { m_referencedDeclaration = &_referencedDeclaration; }
Declaration const* getReferencedDeclaration() const { return m_referencedDeclaration; }
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private:
ASTPointer<ASTString> m_name;
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Declaration const* m_referencedDeclaration;
};
/**
* A mapping type. Its source form is "mapping('keyType' => 'valueType')"
*/
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class Mapping: public TypeName
{
public:
Mapping(SourceLocation const& _location, ASTPointer<ElementaryTypeName> const& _keyType,
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ASTPointer<TypeName> const& _valueType):
TypeName(_location), m_keyType(_keyType), m_valueType(_valueType) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
virtual TypePointer toType() override { return Type::fromMapping(*m_keyType, *m_valueType); }
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ElementaryTypeName const& getKeyType() const { return *m_keyType; }
TypeName const& getValueType() const { return *m_valueType; }
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private:
ASTPointer<ElementaryTypeName> m_keyType;
ASTPointer<TypeName> m_valueType;
};
/**
* An array type, can be "typename[]" or "typename[<expression>]".
*/
class ArrayTypeName: public TypeName
{
public:
ArrayTypeName(SourceLocation const& _location, ASTPointer<TypeName> const& _baseType,
ASTPointer<Expression> const& _length):
TypeName(_location), m_baseType(_baseType), m_length(_length) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
virtual std::shared_ptr<Type const> toType() override { return Type::fromArrayTypeName(*m_baseType, m_length.get()); }
TypeName const& getBaseType() const { return *m_baseType; }
Expression const* getLength() const { return m_length.get(); }
private:
ASTPointer<TypeName> m_baseType;
ASTPointer<Expression> m_length; ///< Length of the array, might be empty.
};
/// @}
/// Statements
/// @{
/**
* Abstract base class for statements.
*/
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class Statement: public ASTNode
{
public:
explicit Statement(SourceLocation const& _location): ASTNode(_location) {}
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/// Check all type requirements, throws exception if some requirement is not met.
/// This includes checking that operators are applicable to their arguments but also that
/// the number of function call arguments matches the number of formal parameters and so forth.
virtual void checkTypeRequirements() = 0;
};
/**
* Brace-enclosed block containing zero or more statements.
*/
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class Block: public Statement
{
public:
Block(SourceLocation const& _location, std::vector<ASTPointer<Statement>> const& _statements):
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Statement(_location), m_statements(_statements) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
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virtual void checkTypeRequirements() override;
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private:
std::vector<ASTPointer<Statement>> m_statements;
};
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/**
* Special placeholder statement denoted by "_" used in function modifiers. This is replaced by
* the original function when the modifier is applied.
*/
class PlaceholderStatement: public Statement
{
public:
PlaceholderStatement(SourceLocation const& _location): Statement(_location) {}
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virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
virtual void checkTypeRequirements() override { }
};
/**
* If-statement with an optional "else" part. Note that "else if" is modeled by having a new
* if-statement as the false (else) body.
*/
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class IfStatement: public Statement
{
public:
IfStatement(SourceLocation const& _location, ASTPointer<Expression> const& _condition,
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ASTPointer<Statement> const& _trueBody, ASTPointer<Statement> const& _falseBody):
Statement(_location),
m_condition(_condition), m_trueBody(_trueBody), m_falseBody(_falseBody) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
virtual void checkTypeRequirements() override;
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Expression const& getCondition() const { return *m_condition; }
Statement const& getTrueStatement() const { return *m_trueBody; }
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/// @returns the "else" part of the if statement or nullptr if there is no "else" part.
Statement const* getFalseStatement() const { return m_falseBody.get(); }
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private:
ASTPointer<Expression> m_condition;
ASTPointer<Statement> m_trueBody;
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ASTPointer<Statement> m_falseBody; ///< "else" part, optional
};
/**
* Statement in which a break statement is legal (abstract class).
*/
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class BreakableStatement: public Statement
{
public:
BreakableStatement(SourceLocation const& _location): Statement(_location) {}
};
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class WhileStatement: public BreakableStatement
{
public:
WhileStatement(SourceLocation const& _location, ASTPointer<Expression> const& _condition,
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ASTPointer<Statement> const& _body):
BreakableStatement(_location), m_condition(_condition), m_body(_body) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
virtual void checkTypeRequirements() override;
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Expression const& getCondition() const { return *m_condition; }
Statement const& getBody() const { return *m_body; }
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private:
ASTPointer<Expression> m_condition;
ASTPointer<Statement> m_body;
};
/**
* For loop statement
*/
class ForStatement: public BreakableStatement
{
public:
ForStatement(SourceLocation const& _location,
ASTPointer<Statement> const& _initExpression,
ASTPointer<Expression> const& _conditionExpression,
ASTPointer<ExpressionStatement> const& _loopExpression,
ASTPointer<Statement> const& _body):
BreakableStatement(_location),
m_initExpression(_initExpression),
m_condExpression(_conditionExpression),
m_loopExpression(_loopExpression),
m_body(_body) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
virtual void checkTypeRequirements() override;
Statement const* getInitializationExpression() const { return m_initExpression.get(); }
Expression const* getCondition() const { return m_condExpression.get(); }
ExpressionStatement const* getLoopExpression() const { return m_loopExpression.get(); }
Statement const& getBody() const { return *m_body; }
private:
/// For statement's initialization expresion. for(XXX; ; ). Can be empty
ASTPointer<Statement> m_initExpression;
/// For statement's condition expresion. for(; XXX ; ). Can be empty
ASTPointer<Expression> m_condExpression;
/// For statement's loop expresion. for(;;XXX). Can be empty
ASTPointer<ExpressionStatement> m_loopExpression;
/// The body of the loop
ASTPointer<Statement> m_body;
};
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class Continue: public Statement
{
public:
Continue(SourceLocation const& _location): Statement(_location) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
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virtual void checkTypeRequirements() override {}
};
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class Break: public Statement
{
public:
Break(SourceLocation const& _location): Statement(_location) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
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virtual void checkTypeRequirements() override {}
};
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class Return: public Statement
{
public:
Return(SourceLocation const& _location, ASTPointer<Expression> _expression):
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Statement(_location), m_expression(_expression), m_returnParameters(nullptr) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
virtual void checkTypeRequirements() override;
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void setFunctionReturnParameters(ParameterList const* _parameters) { m_returnParameters = _parameters; }
ParameterList const* getFunctionReturnParameters() const { return m_returnParameters; }
Expression const* getExpression() const { return m_expression.get(); }
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private:
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ASTPointer<Expression> m_expression; ///< value to return, optional
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/// Pointer to the parameter list of the function, filled by the @ref NameAndTypeResolver.
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ParameterList const* m_returnParameters;
};
/**
* Definition of a variable as a statement inside a function. It requires a type name (which can
* also be "var") but the actual assignment can be missing.
* Examples: var a = 2; uint256 a;
*/
class VariableDeclarationStatement: public Statement
{
public:
VariableDeclarationStatement(SourceLocation const& _location, ASTPointer<VariableDeclaration> _variable):
Statement(_location), m_variable(_variable) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
virtual void checkTypeRequirements() override;
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VariableDeclaration const& getDeclaration() const { return *m_variable; }
Expression const* getExpression() const { return m_variable->getValue().get(); }
private:
ASTPointer<VariableDeclaration> m_variable;
};
/**
* A statement that contains only an expression (i.e. an assignment, function call, ...).
*/
class ExpressionStatement: public Statement
{
public:
ExpressionStatement(SourceLocation const& _location, ASTPointer<Expression> _expression):
Statement(_location), m_expression(_expression) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
virtual void checkTypeRequirements() override;
Expression const& getExpression() const { return *m_expression; }
private:
ASTPointer<Expression> m_expression;
};
/// @}
/// Expressions
/// @{
/**
* An expression, i.e. something that has a value (which can also be of type "void" in case
* of some function calls).
* @abstract
*/
class Expression: public ASTNode
{
public:
Expression(SourceLocation const& _location): ASTNode(_location) {}
/// Performs type checking after which m_type should be set.
/// @arg _argumentTypes if set, provides the argument types for the case that this expression
/// is used in the context of a call, used for function overload resolution.
virtual void checkTypeRequirements(TypePointers const* _argumentTypes) = 0;
std::shared_ptr<Type const> const& getType() const { return m_type; }
bool isLValue() const { return m_isLValue; }
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/// Helper function, infer the type via @ref checkTypeRequirements and then check that it
/// is implicitly convertible to @a _expectedType. If not, throw exception.
void expectType(Type const& _expectedType);
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/// Checks that this expression is an lvalue and also registers that an address and
/// not a value is generated during compilation. Can be called after checkTypeRequirements()
/// by an enclosing expression.
void requireLValue();
/// Returns true if @a requireLValue was previously called on this expression.
bool lvalueRequested() const { return m_lvalueRequested; }
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protected:
//! Inferred type of the expression, only filled after a call to checkTypeRequirements().
std::shared_ptr<Type const> m_type;
//! If this expression is an lvalue (i.e. something that can be assigned to).
//! This is set during calls to @a checkTypeRequirements()
bool m_isLValue = false;
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//! Whether the outer expression requested the address (true) or the value (false) of this expression.
bool m_lvalueRequested = false;
};
/// Assignment, can also be a compound assignment.
/// Examples: (a = 7 + 8) or (a *= 2)
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class Assignment: public Expression
{
public:
Assignment(SourceLocation const& _location, ASTPointer<Expression> const& _leftHandSide,
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Token::Value _assignmentOperator, ASTPointer<Expression> const& _rightHandSide):
Expression(_location), m_leftHandSide(_leftHandSide),
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m_assigmentOperator(_assignmentOperator), m_rightHandSide(_rightHandSide)
{
solAssert(Token::isAssignmentOp(_assignmentOperator), "");
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}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
virtual void checkTypeRequirements(TypePointers const* _argumentTypes) override;
Expression const& getLeftHandSide() const { return *m_leftHandSide; }
Token::Value getAssignmentOperator() const { return m_assigmentOperator; }
Expression const& getRightHandSide() const { return *m_rightHandSide; }
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private:
ASTPointer<Expression> m_leftHandSide;
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Token::Value m_assigmentOperator;
ASTPointer<Expression> m_rightHandSide;
};
/**
* Operation involving a unary operator, pre- or postfix.
* Examples: ++i, delete x or !true
*/
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class UnaryOperation: public Expression
{
public:
UnaryOperation(SourceLocation const& _location, Token::Value _operator,
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ASTPointer<Expression> const& _subExpression, bool _isPrefix):
Expression(_location), m_operator(_operator),
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m_subExpression(_subExpression), m_isPrefix(_isPrefix)
{
solAssert(Token::isUnaryOp(_operator), "");
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}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
virtual void checkTypeRequirements(TypePointers const* _argumentTypes) override;
Token::Value getOperator() const { return m_operator; }
bool isPrefixOperation() const { return m_isPrefix; }
Expression const& getSubExpression() const { return *m_subExpression; }
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private:
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Token::Value m_operator;
ASTPointer<Expression> m_subExpression;
bool m_isPrefix;
};
/**
* Operation involving a binary operator.
* Examples: 1 + 2, true && false or 1 <= 4
*/
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class BinaryOperation: public Expression
{
public:
BinaryOperation(SourceLocation const& _location, ASTPointer<Expression> const& _left,
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Token::Value _operator, ASTPointer<Expression> const& _right):
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Expression(_location), m_left(_left), m_operator(_operator), m_right(_right)
{
solAssert(Token::isBinaryOp(_operator) || Token::isCompareOp(_operator), "");
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}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
virtual void checkTypeRequirements(TypePointers const* _argumentTypes) override;
Expression const& getLeftExpression() const { return *m_left; }
Expression const& getRightExpression() const { return *m_right; }
Token::Value getOperator() const { return m_operator; }
Type const& getCommonType() const { return *m_commonType; }
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private:
ASTPointer<Expression> m_left;
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Token::Value m_operator;
ASTPointer<Expression> m_right;
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/// The common type that is used for the operation, not necessarily the result type (e.g. for
/// comparisons, this is always bool).
std::shared_ptr<Type const> m_commonType;
};
/**
* Can be ordinary function call, type cast or struct construction.
*/
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class FunctionCall: public Expression
{
public:
FunctionCall(SourceLocation const& _location, ASTPointer<Expression> const& _expression,
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std::vector<ASTPointer<Expression>> const& _arguments, std::vector<ASTPointer<ASTString>> const& _names):
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Expression(_location), m_expression(_expression), m_arguments(_arguments), m_names(_names) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
virtual void checkTypeRequirements(TypePointers const* _argumentTypes) override;
Expression const& getExpression() const { return *m_expression; }
std::vector<ASTPointer<Expression const>> getArguments() const { return {m_arguments.begin(), m_arguments.end()}; }
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std::vector<ASTPointer<ASTString>> const& getNames() const { return m_names; }
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/// Returns true if this is not an actual function call, but an explicit type conversion
/// or constructor call.
bool isTypeConversion() const;
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private:
ASTPointer<Expression> m_expression;
std::vector<ASTPointer<Expression>> m_arguments;
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std::vector<ASTPointer<ASTString>> m_names;
};
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/**
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* Expression that creates a new contract, e.g. the "new SomeContract" part in "new SomeContract(1, 2)".
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*/
class NewExpression: public Expression
{
public:
NewExpression(SourceLocation const& _location, ASTPointer<Identifier> const& _contractName):
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Expression(_location), m_contractName(_contractName) {}
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virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
virtual void checkTypeRequirements(TypePointers const* _argumentTypes) override;
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/// Returns the referenced contract. Can only be called after type checking.
ContractDefinition const* getContract() const { solAssert(m_contract, ""); return m_contract; }
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private:
ASTPointer<Identifier> m_contractName;
ContractDefinition const* m_contract = nullptr;
};
/**
* Access to a member of an object. Example: x.name
*/
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class MemberAccess: public Expression
{
public:
MemberAccess(SourceLocation const& _location, ASTPointer<Expression> _expression,
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ASTPointer<ASTString> const& _memberName):
Expression(_location), m_expression(_expression), m_memberName(_memberName) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
Expression const& getExpression() const { return *m_expression; }
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ASTString const& getMemberName() const { return *m_memberName; }
/// @returns the declaration referenced by this expression. Might return nullptr even if the
/// expression is valid, e.g. if the member does not correspond to an AST node.
Declaration const* referencedDeclaration() const { return m_referencedDeclaration; }
virtual void checkTypeRequirements(TypePointers const* _argumentTypes) override;
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private:
ASTPointer<Expression> m_expression;
ASTPointer<ASTString> m_memberName;
/// Pointer to the referenced declaration, this is sometimes needed to resolve function over
/// loads in the type-checking phase.
Declaration const* m_referencedDeclaration = nullptr;
};
/**
* Index access to an array. Example: a[2]
*/
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class IndexAccess: public Expression
{
public:
IndexAccess(SourceLocation const& _location, ASTPointer<Expression> const& _base,
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ASTPointer<Expression> const& _index):
Expression(_location), m_base(_base), m_index(_index) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
virtual void checkTypeRequirements(TypePointers const* _argumentTypes) override;
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Expression const& getBaseExpression() const { return *m_base; }
Expression const* getIndexExpression() const { return m_index.get(); }
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private:
ASTPointer<Expression> m_base;
ASTPointer<Expression> m_index;
};
/**
* Primary expression, i.e. an expression that cannot be divided any further. Examples are literals
* or variable references.
*/
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class PrimaryExpression: public Expression
{
public:
PrimaryExpression(SourceLocation const& _location): Expression(_location) {}
};
/**
* An identifier, i.e. a reference to a declaration by name like a variable or function.
*/
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class Identifier: public PrimaryExpression
{
public:
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Identifier(SourceLocation const& _location, ASTPointer<ASTString> const& _name):
PrimaryExpression(_location), m_name(_name) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
virtual void checkTypeRequirements(TypePointers const* _argumentTypes) override;
ASTString const& getName() const { return *m_name; }
void setReferencedDeclaration(
Declaration const& _referencedDeclaration,
ContractDefinition const* _currentContract = nullptr
)
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{
m_referencedDeclaration = &_referencedDeclaration;
m_currentContract = _currentContract;
}
Declaration const& getReferencedDeclaration() const;
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/// Stores a set of possible declarations referenced by this identifier. Has to be resolved
/// providing argument types using overloadResolution before the referenced declaration
/// is accessed.
void setOverloadedDeclarations(std::vector<Declaration const*> const& _declarations)
{
m_overloadedDeclarations = _declarations;
}
/// Tries to find exactly one of the possible referenced declarations provided the given
/// argument types in a call context.
void overloadResolution(TypePointers const& _argumentTypes);
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private:
ASTPointer<ASTString> m_name;
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/// Declaration the name refers to.
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Declaration const* m_referencedDeclaration = nullptr;
/// Stores a reference to the current contract. This is needed because types of base contracts
/// change depending on the context.
ContractDefinition const* m_currentContract = nullptr;
/// A vector of overloaded declarations, right now only FunctionDefinition has overloaded declarations.
std::vector<Declaration const*> m_overloadedDeclarations;
};
/**
* An elementary type name expression is used in expressions like "a = uint32(2)" to change the
* type of an expression explicitly. Here, "uint32" is the elementary type name expression and
* "uint32(2)" is a @ref FunctionCall.
*/
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class ElementaryTypeNameExpression: public PrimaryExpression
{
public:
ElementaryTypeNameExpression(SourceLocation const& _location, Token::Value _typeToken):
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PrimaryExpression(_location), m_typeToken(_typeToken)
{
solAssert(Token::isElementaryTypeName(_typeToken), "");
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}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
virtual void checkTypeRequirements(TypePointers const* _argumentTypes) override;
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Token::Value getTypeToken() const { return m_typeToken; }
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private:
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Token::Value m_typeToken;
};
/**
* A literal string or number. @see ExpressionCompiler::endVisit() is used to actually parse its value.
*/
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class Literal: public PrimaryExpression
{
public:
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enum class SubDenomination
{
None = Token::Illegal,
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Wei = Token::SubWei,
Szabo = Token::SubSzabo,
Finney = Token::SubFinney,
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Ether = Token::SubEther,
Second = Token::SubSecond,
Minute = Token::SubMinute,
Hour = Token::SubHour,
Day = Token::SubDay,
Week = Token::SubWeek,
Year = Token::SubYear
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};
Literal(SourceLocation const& _location, Token::Value _token,
ASTPointer<ASTString> const& _value,
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SubDenomination _sub = SubDenomination::None):
PrimaryExpression(_location), m_token(_token), m_value(_value), m_subDenomination(_sub) {}
virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;
virtual void checkTypeRequirements(TypePointers const* _argumentTypes) override;
Token::Value getToken() const { return m_token; }
/// @returns the non-parsed value of the literal
ASTString const& getValue() const { return *m_value; }
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SubDenomination getSubDenomination() const { return m_subDenomination; }
private:
Token::Value m_token;
ASTPointer<ASTString> m_value;
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SubDenomination m_subDenomination;
};
/// @}
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}
}