plugeth/miner/worker.go

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// Copyright 2015 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
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//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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package miner
import (
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"errors"
"fmt"
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"math/big"
"sync"
"sync/atomic"
"time"
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"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus/misc"
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"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core"
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"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/txpool"
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"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/event"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie"
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)
const (
// resultQueueSize is the size of channel listening to sealing result.
resultQueueSize = 10
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// txChanSize is the size of channel listening to NewTxsEvent.
// The number is referenced from the size of tx pool.
txChanSize = 4096
// chainHeadChanSize is the size of channel listening to ChainHeadEvent.
chainHeadChanSize = 10
// resubmitAdjustChanSize is the size of resubmitting interval adjustment channel.
resubmitAdjustChanSize = 10
// minRecommitInterval is the minimal time interval to recreate the sealing block with
// any newly arrived transactions.
minRecommitInterval = 1 * time.Second
// maxRecommitInterval is the maximum time interval to recreate the sealing block with
// any newly arrived transactions.
maxRecommitInterval = 15 * time.Second
// intervalAdjustRatio is the impact a single interval adjustment has on sealing work
// resubmitting interval.
intervalAdjustRatio = 0.1
// intervalAdjustBias is applied during the new resubmit interval calculation in favor of
// increasing upper limit or decreasing lower limit so that the limit can be reachable.
intervalAdjustBias = 200 * 1000.0 * 1000.0
// staleThreshold is the maximum depth of the acceptable stale block.
staleThreshold = 7
)
var (
errBlockInterruptedByNewHead = errors.New("new head arrived while building block")
errBlockInterruptedByRecommit = errors.New("recommit interrupt while building block")
errBlockInterruptedByTimeout = errors.New("timeout while building block")
)
// environment is the worker's current environment and holds all
// information of the sealing block generation.
type environment struct {
signer types.Signer
state *state.StateDB // apply state changes here
tcount int // tx count in cycle
gasPool *core.GasPool // available gas used to pack transactions
coinbase common.Address
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header *types.Header
txs []*types.Transaction
receipts []*types.Receipt
}
// copy creates a deep copy of environment.
func (env *environment) copy() *environment {
cpy := &environment{
signer: env.signer,
state: env.state.Copy(),
tcount: env.tcount,
coinbase: env.coinbase,
header: types.CopyHeader(env.header),
receipts: copyReceipts(env.receipts),
}
if env.gasPool != nil {
gasPool := *env.gasPool
cpy.gasPool = &gasPool
}
cpy.txs = make([]*types.Transaction, len(env.txs))
copy(cpy.txs, env.txs)
return cpy
}
// discard terminates the background prefetcher go-routine. It should
// always be called for all created environment instances otherwise
// the go-routine leak can happen.
func (env *environment) discard() {
if env.state == nil {
return
}
env.state.StopPrefetcher()
}
// task contains all information for consensus engine sealing and result submitting.
type task struct {
receipts []*types.Receipt
state *state.StateDB
block *types.Block
createdAt time.Time
}
const (
commitInterruptNone int32 = iota
commitInterruptNewHead
commitInterruptResubmit
commitInterruptTimeout
)
// newWorkReq represents a request for new sealing work submitting with relative interrupt notifier.
type newWorkReq struct {
interrupt *atomic.Int32
timestamp int64
}
// newPayloadResult represents a result struct corresponds to payload generation.
type newPayloadResult struct {
err error
block *types.Block
fees *big.Int
}
// getWorkReq represents a request for getting a new sealing work with provided parameters.
type getWorkReq struct {
params *generateParams
result chan *newPayloadResult // non-blocking channel
}
// intervalAdjust represents a resubmitting interval adjustment.
type intervalAdjust struct {
ratio float64
inc bool
}
// worker is the main object which takes care of submitting new work to consensus engine
// and gathering the sealing result.
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type worker struct {
config *Config
chainConfig *params.ChainConfig
engine consensus.Engine
eth Backend
chain *core.BlockChain
// Feeds
pendingLogsFeed event.Feed
// Subscriptions
mux *event.TypeMux
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txsCh chan core.NewTxsEvent
txsSub event.Subscription
chainHeadCh chan core.ChainHeadEvent
chainHeadSub event.Subscription
// Channels
newWorkCh chan *newWorkReq
getWorkCh chan *getWorkReq
taskCh chan *task
resultCh chan *types.Block
startCh chan struct{}
exitCh chan struct{}
resubmitIntervalCh chan time.Duration
resubmitAdjustCh chan *intervalAdjust
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wg sync.WaitGroup
current *environment // An environment for current running cycle.
mu sync.RWMutex // The lock used to protect the coinbase and extra fields
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coinbase common.Address
extra []byte
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pendingMu sync.RWMutex
pendingTasks map[common.Hash]*task
snapshotMu sync.RWMutex // The lock used to protect the snapshots below
snapshotBlock *types.Block
snapshotReceipts types.Receipts
snapshotState *state.StateDB
// atomic status counters
running atomic.Bool // The indicator whether the consensus engine is running or not.
newTxs atomic.Int32 // New arrival transaction count since last sealing work submitting.
syncing atomic.Bool // The indicator whether the node is still syncing.
// newpayloadTimeout is the maximum timeout allowance for creating payload.
// The default value is 2 seconds but node operator can set it to arbitrary
// large value. A large timeout allowance may cause Geth to fail creating
// a non-empty payload within the specified time and eventually miss the slot
// in case there are some computation expensive transactions in txpool.
newpayloadTimeout time.Duration
// recommit is the time interval to re-create sealing work or to re-build
// payload in proof-of-stake stage.
recommit time.Duration
// External functions
all: core rework for the merge transition (#23761) * all: work for eth1/2 transtition * consensus/beacon, eth: change beacon difficulty to 0 * eth: updates * all: add terminalBlockDifficulty config, fix rebasing issues * eth: implemented merge interop spec * internal/ethapi: update to v1.0.0.alpha.2 This commit updates the code to the new spec, moving payloadId into it's own object. It also fixes an issue with finalizing an empty blockhash. It also properly sets the basefee * all: sync polishes, other fixes + refactors * core, eth: correct semantics for LeavePoW, EnterPoS * core: fixed rebasing artifacts * core: light: performance improvements * core: use keyed field (f) * core: eth: fix compilation issues + tests * eth/catalyst: dbetter error codes * all: move Merger to consensus/, remove reliance on it in bc * all: renamed EnterPoS and LeavePoW to ReachTDD and FinalizePoS * core: make mergelogs a function * core: use InsertChain instead of InsertBlock * les: drop merger from lightchain object * consensus: add merger * core: recoverAncestors in catalyst mode * core: fix nitpick * all: removed merger from beacon, use TTD, nitpicks * consensus: eth: add docstring, removed unnecessary code duplication * consensus/beacon: better comment * all: easy to fix nitpicks by karalabe * consensus/beacon: verify known headers to be sure * core: comments * core: eth: don't drop peers who advertise blocks, nitpicks * core: never add beacon blocks to the future queue * core: fixed nitpicks * consensus/beacon: simplify IsTTDReached check * consensus/beacon: correct IsTTDReached check Co-authored-by: rjl493456442 <garyrong0905@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Péter Szilágyi <peterke@gmail.com>
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isLocalBlock func(header *types.Header) bool // Function used to determine whether the specified block is mined by local miner.
// Test hooks
newTaskHook func(*task) // Method to call upon receiving a new sealing task.
skipSealHook func(*task) bool // Method to decide whether skipping the sealing.
fullTaskHook func() // Method to call before pushing the full sealing task.
resubmitHook func(time.Duration, time.Duration) // Method to call upon updating resubmitting interval.
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}
func newWorker(config *Config, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig, engine consensus.Engine, eth Backend, mux *event.TypeMux, isLocalBlock func(header *types.Header) bool, init bool) *worker {
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worker := &worker{
config: config,
chainConfig: chainConfig,
engine: engine,
eth: eth,
chain: eth.BlockChain(),
mux: mux,
isLocalBlock: isLocalBlock,
coinbase: config.Etherbase,
extra: config.ExtraData,
pendingTasks: make(map[common.Hash]*task),
txsCh: make(chan core.NewTxsEvent, txChanSize),
chainHeadCh: make(chan core.ChainHeadEvent, chainHeadChanSize),
newWorkCh: make(chan *newWorkReq),
getWorkCh: make(chan *getWorkReq),
taskCh: make(chan *task),
resultCh: make(chan *types.Block, resultQueueSize),
startCh: make(chan struct{}, 1),
exitCh: make(chan struct{}),
resubmitIntervalCh: make(chan time.Duration),
resubmitAdjustCh: make(chan *intervalAdjust, resubmitAdjustChanSize),
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}
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// Subscribe NewTxsEvent for tx pool
worker.txsSub = eth.TxPool().SubscribeNewTxsEvent(worker.txsCh)
// Subscribe events for blockchain
worker.chainHeadSub = eth.BlockChain().SubscribeChainHeadEvent(worker.chainHeadCh)
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// Sanitize recommit interval if the user-specified one is too short.
recommit := worker.config.Recommit
if recommit < minRecommitInterval {
log.Warn("Sanitizing miner recommit interval", "provided", recommit, "updated", minRecommitInterval)
recommit = minRecommitInterval
}
worker.recommit = recommit
// Sanitize the timeout config for creating payload.
newpayloadTimeout := worker.config.NewPayloadTimeout
if newpayloadTimeout == 0 {
log.Warn("Sanitizing new payload timeout to default", "provided", newpayloadTimeout, "updated", DefaultConfig.NewPayloadTimeout)
newpayloadTimeout = DefaultConfig.NewPayloadTimeout
}
if newpayloadTimeout < time.Millisecond*100 {
log.Warn("Low payload timeout may cause high amount of non-full blocks", "provided", newpayloadTimeout, "default", DefaultConfig.NewPayloadTimeout)
}
worker.newpayloadTimeout = newpayloadTimeout
worker.wg.Add(4)
go worker.mainLoop()
go worker.newWorkLoop(recommit)
go worker.resultLoop()
go worker.taskLoop()
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// Submit first work to initialize pending state.
if init {
worker.startCh <- struct{}{}
}
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return worker
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}
// setEtherbase sets the etherbase used to initialize the block coinbase field.
func (w *worker) setEtherbase(addr common.Address) {
w.mu.Lock()
defer w.mu.Unlock()
w.coinbase = addr
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}
// etherbase retrieves the configured etherbase address.
func (w *worker) etherbase() common.Address {
w.mu.RLock()
defer w.mu.RUnlock()
return w.coinbase
}
func (w *worker) setGasCeil(ceil uint64) {
w.mu.Lock()
defer w.mu.Unlock()
w.config.GasCeil = ceil
}
// setExtra sets the content used to initialize the block extra field.
func (w *worker) setExtra(extra []byte) {
w.mu.Lock()
defer w.mu.Unlock()
w.extra = extra
}
// setRecommitInterval updates the interval for miner sealing work recommitting.
func (w *worker) setRecommitInterval(interval time.Duration) {
select {
case w.resubmitIntervalCh <- interval:
case <-w.exitCh:
}
}
// pending returns the pending state and corresponding block. The returned
// values can be nil in case the pending block is not initialized.
func (w *worker) pending() (*types.Block, *state.StateDB) {
w.snapshotMu.RLock()
defer w.snapshotMu.RUnlock()
if w.snapshotState == nil {
return nil, nil
}
return w.snapshotBlock, w.snapshotState.Copy()
}
// pendingBlock returns pending block. The returned block can be nil in case the
// pending block is not initialized.
func (w *worker) pendingBlock() *types.Block {
w.snapshotMu.RLock()
defer w.snapshotMu.RUnlock()
return w.snapshotBlock
}
// pendingBlockAndReceipts returns pending block and corresponding receipts.
// The returned values can be nil in case the pending block is not initialized.
func (w *worker) pendingBlockAndReceipts() (*types.Block, types.Receipts) {
w.snapshotMu.RLock()
defer w.snapshotMu.RUnlock()
return w.snapshotBlock, w.snapshotReceipts
}
// start sets the running status as 1 and triggers new work submitting.
func (w *worker) start() {
w.running.Store(true)
w.startCh <- struct{}{}
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}
// stop sets the running status as 0.
func (w *worker) stop() {
w.running.Store(false)
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}
// isRunning returns an indicator whether worker is running or not.
func (w *worker) isRunning() bool {
return w.running.Load()
}
// close terminates all background threads maintained by the worker.
// Note the worker does not support being closed multiple times.
func (w *worker) close() {
w.running.Store(false)
close(w.exitCh)
w.wg.Wait()
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}
// recalcRecommit recalculates the resubmitting interval upon feedback.
func recalcRecommit(minRecommit, prev time.Duration, target float64, inc bool) time.Duration {
var (
prevF = float64(prev.Nanoseconds())
next float64
)
if inc {
next = prevF*(1-intervalAdjustRatio) + intervalAdjustRatio*(target+intervalAdjustBias)
max := float64(maxRecommitInterval.Nanoseconds())
if next > max {
next = max
}
} else {
next = prevF*(1-intervalAdjustRatio) + intervalAdjustRatio*(target-intervalAdjustBias)
min := float64(minRecommit.Nanoseconds())
if next < min {
next = min
}
}
return time.Duration(int64(next))
}
// newWorkLoop is a standalone goroutine to submit new sealing work upon received events.
func (w *worker) newWorkLoop(recommit time.Duration) {
defer w.wg.Done()
var (
interrupt *atomic.Int32
minRecommit = recommit // minimal resubmit interval specified by user.
timestamp int64 // timestamp for each round of sealing.
)
timer := time.NewTimer(0)
defer timer.Stop()
<-timer.C // discard the initial tick
// commit aborts in-flight transaction execution with given signal and resubmits a new one.
commit := func(s int32) {
if interrupt != nil {
interrupt.Store(s)
}
interrupt = new(atomic.Int32)
select {
case w.newWorkCh <- &newWorkReq{interrupt: interrupt, timestamp: timestamp}:
case <-w.exitCh:
return
}
timer.Reset(recommit)
w.newTxs.Store(0)
}
// clearPending cleans the stale pending tasks.
clearPending := func(number uint64) {
w.pendingMu.Lock()
for h, t := range w.pendingTasks {
if t.block.NumberU64()+staleThreshold <= number {
delete(w.pendingTasks, h)
}
}
w.pendingMu.Unlock()
}
for {
select {
case <-w.startCh:
clearPending(w.chain.CurrentBlock().Number.Uint64())
timestamp = time.Now().Unix()
commit(commitInterruptNewHead)
case head := <-w.chainHeadCh:
clearPending(head.Block.NumberU64())
timestamp = time.Now().Unix()
commit(commitInterruptNewHead)
case <-timer.C:
// If sealing is running resubmit a new work cycle periodically to pull in
// higher priced transactions. Disable this overhead for pending blocks.
if w.isRunning() && (w.chainConfig.Clique == nil || w.chainConfig.Clique.Period > 0) {
// Short circuit if no new transaction arrives.
if w.newTxs.Load() == 0 {
timer.Reset(recommit)
continue
}
commit(commitInterruptResubmit)
}
case interval := <-w.resubmitIntervalCh:
// Adjust resubmit interval explicitly by user.
if interval < minRecommitInterval {
log.Warn("Sanitizing miner recommit interval", "provided", interval, "updated", minRecommitInterval)
interval = minRecommitInterval
}
log.Info("Miner recommit interval update", "from", minRecommit, "to", interval)
minRecommit, recommit = interval, interval
if w.resubmitHook != nil {
w.resubmitHook(minRecommit, recommit)
}
case adjust := <-w.resubmitAdjustCh:
// Adjust resubmit interval by feedback.
if adjust.inc {
before := recommit
target := float64(recommit.Nanoseconds()) / adjust.ratio
recommit = recalcRecommit(minRecommit, recommit, target, true)
log.Trace("Increase miner recommit interval", "from", before, "to", recommit)
} else {
before := recommit
recommit = recalcRecommit(minRecommit, recommit, float64(minRecommit.Nanoseconds()), false)
log.Trace("Decrease miner recommit interval", "from", before, "to", recommit)
}
if w.resubmitHook != nil {
w.resubmitHook(minRecommit, recommit)
}
case <-w.exitCh:
return
}
}
}
// mainLoop is responsible for generating and submitting sealing work based on
// the received event. It can support two modes: automatically generate task and
// submit it or return task according to given parameters for various proposes.
func (w *worker) mainLoop() {
defer w.wg.Done()
defer w.txsSub.Unsubscribe()
defer w.chainHeadSub.Unsubscribe()
defer func() {
if w.current != nil {
w.current.discard()
}
}()
for {
select {
case req := <-w.newWorkCh:
w.commitWork(req.interrupt, req.timestamp)
case req := <-w.getWorkCh:
block, fees, err := w.generateWork(req.params)
req.result <- &newPayloadResult{
err: err,
block: block,
fees: fees,
}
case ev := <-w.txsCh:
// Apply transactions to the pending state if we're not sealing
//
// Note all transactions received may not be continuous with transactions
// already included in the current sealing block. These transactions will
// be automatically eliminated.
if !w.isRunning() && w.current != nil {
// If block is already full, abort
if gp := w.current.gasPool; gp != nil && gp.Gas() < params.TxGas {
continue
}
txs := make(map[common.Address][]*txpool.LazyTransaction, len(ev.Txs))
for _, tx := range ev.Txs {
acc, _ := types.Sender(w.current.signer, tx)
txs[acc] = append(txs[acc], &txpool.LazyTransaction{
Hash: tx.Hash(),
Tx: &txpool.Transaction{Tx: tx},
Time: tx.Time(),
GasFeeCap: tx.GasFeeCap(),
GasTipCap: tx.GasTipCap(),
})
}
txset := newTransactionsByPriceAndNonce(w.current.signer, txs, w.current.header.BaseFee)
tcount := w.current.tcount
w.commitTransactions(w.current, txset, nil)
// Only update the snapshot if any new transactions were added
// to the pending block
if tcount != w.current.tcount {
w.updateSnapshot(w.current)
}
} else {
// Special case, if the consensus engine is 0 period clique(dev mode),
// submit sealing work here since all empty submission will be rejected
// by clique. Of course the advance sealing(empty submission) is disabled.
if w.chainConfig.Clique != nil && w.chainConfig.Clique.Period == 0 {
w.commitWork(nil, time.Now().Unix())
}
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}
w.newTxs.Add(int32(len(ev.Txs)))
// System stopped
case <-w.exitCh:
return
case <-w.txsSub.Err():
return
case <-w.chainHeadSub.Err():
return
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}
}
}
// taskLoop is a standalone goroutine to fetch sealing task from the generator and
// push them to consensus engine.
func (w *worker) taskLoop() {
defer w.wg.Done()
var (
stopCh chan struct{}
prev common.Hash
)
// interrupt aborts the in-flight sealing task.
interrupt := func() {
if stopCh != nil {
close(stopCh)
stopCh = nil
}
}
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for {
select {
case task := <-w.taskCh:
if w.newTaskHook != nil {
w.newTaskHook(task)
}
// Reject duplicate sealing work due to resubmitting.
sealHash := w.engine.SealHash(task.block.Header())
if sealHash == prev {
continue
}
// Interrupt previous sealing operation
interrupt()
stopCh, prev = make(chan struct{}), sealHash
if w.skipSealHook != nil && w.skipSealHook(task) {
continue
}
w.pendingMu.Lock()
w.pendingTasks[sealHash] = task
w.pendingMu.Unlock()
if err := w.engine.Seal(w.chain, task.block, w.resultCh, stopCh); err != nil {
log.Warn("Block sealing failed", "err", err)
w.pendingMu.Lock()
delete(w.pendingTasks, sealHash)
w.pendingMu.Unlock()
}
case <-w.exitCh:
interrupt()
return
}
}
}
// resultLoop is a standalone goroutine to handle sealing result submitting
// and flush relative data to the database.
func (w *worker) resultLoop() {
defer w.wg.Done()
for {
select {
case block := <-w.resultCh:
// Short circuit when receiving empty result.
if block == nil {
continue
}
// Short circuit when receiving duplicate result caused by resubmitting.
if w.chain.HasBlock(block.Hash(), block.NumberU64()) {
continue
}
var (
sealhash = w.engine.SealHash(block.Header())
hash = block.Hash()
)
w.pendingMu.RLock()
task, exist := w.pendingTasks[sealhash]
w.pendingMu.RUnlock()
if !exist {
log.Error("Block found but no relative pending task", "number", block.Number(), "sealhash", sealhash, "hash", hash)
continue
}
// Different block could share same sealhash, deep copy here to prevent write-write conflict.
var (
receipts = make([]*types.Receipt, len(task.receipts))
logs []*types.Log
)
for i, taskReceipt := range task.receipts {
receipt := new(types.Receipt)
receipts[i] = receipt
*receipt = *taskReceipt
// add block location fields
receipt.BlockHash = hash
receipt.BlockNumber = block.Number()
receipt.TransactionIndex = uint(i)
// Update the block hash in all logs since it is now available and not when the
// receipt/log of individual transactions were created.
receipt.Logs = make([]*types.Log, len(taskReceipt.Logs))
for i, taskLog := range taskReceipt.Logs {
log := new(types.Log)
receipt.Logs[i] = log
*log = *taskLog
log.BlockHash = hash
}
logs = append(logs, receipt.Logs...)
}
// Commit block and state to database.
all: core rework for the merge transition (#23761) * all: work for eth1/2 transtition * consensus/beacon, eth: change beacon difficulty to 0 * eth: updates * all: add terminalBlockDifficulty config, fix rebasing issues * eth: implemented merge interop spec * internal/ethapi: update to v1.0.0.alpha.2 This commit updates the code to the new spec, moving payloadId into it's own object. It also fixes an issue with finalizing an empty blockhash. It also properly sets the basefee * all: sync polishes, other fixes + refactors * core, eth: correct semantics for LeavePoW, EnterPoS * core: fixed rebasing artifacts * core: light: performance improvements * core: use keyed field (f) * core: eth: fix compilation issues + tests * eth/catalyst: dbetter error codes * all: move Merger to consensus/, remove reliance on it in bc * all: renamed EnterPoS and LeavePoW to ReachTDD and FinalizePoS * core: make mergelogs a function * core: use InsertChain instead of InsertBlock * les: drop merger from lightchain object * consensus: add merger * core: recoverAncestors in catalyst mode * core: fix nitpick * all: removed merger from beacon, use TTD, nitpicks * consensus: eth: add docstring, removed unnecessary code duplication * consensus/beacon: better comment * all: easy to fix nitpicks by karalabe * consensus/beacon: verify known headers to be sure * core: comments * core: eth: don't drop peers who advertise blocks, nitpicks * core: never add beacon blocks to the future queue * core: fixed nitpicks * consensus/beacon: simplify IsTTDReached check * consensus/beacon: correct IsTTDReached check Co-authored-by: rjl493456442 <garyrong0905@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Péter Szilágyi <peterke@gmail.com>
2021-11-26 11:23:02 +00:00
_, err := w.chain.WriteBlockAndSetHead(block, receipts, logs, task.state, true)
if err != nil {
log.Error("Failed writing block to chain", "err", err)
continue
}
log.Info("Successfully sealed new block", "number", block.Number(), "sealhash", sealhash, "hash", hash,
"elapsed", common.PrettyDuration(time.Since(task.createdAt)))
// Broadcast the block and announce chain insertion event
w.mux.Post(core.NewMinedBlockEvent{Block: block})
case <-w.exitCh:
return
}
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}
}
// makeEnv creates a new environment for the sealing block.
func (w *worker) makeEnv(parent *types.Header, header *types.Header, coinbase common.Address) (*environment, error) {
// Retrieve the parent state to execute on top and start a prefetcher for
// the miner to speed block sealing up a bit.
state, err := w.chain.StateAt(parent.Root)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
state.StartPrefetcher("miner")
// Note the passed coinbase may be different with header.Coinbase.
env := &environment{
signer: types.MakeSigner(w.chainConfig, header.Number, header.Time),
state: state,
coinbase: coinbase,
header: header,
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}
// Keep track of transactions which return errors so they can be removed
env.tcount = 0
return env, nil
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}
// updateSnapshot updates pending snapshot block, receipts and state.
func (w *worker) updateSnapshot(env *environment) {
w.snapshotMu.Lock()
defer w.snapshotMu.Unlock()
w.snapshotBlock = types.NewBlock(
env.header,
env.txs,
nil,
env.receipts,
trie.NewStackTrie(nil),
)
w.snapshotReceipts = copyReceipts(env.receipts)
w.snapshotState = env.state.Copy()
}
func (w *worker) commitTransaction(env *environment, tx *txpool.Transaction) ([]*types.Log, error) {
var (
snap = env.state.Snapshot()
gp = env.gasPool.Gas()
)
receipt, err := core.ApplyTransaction(w.chainConfig, w.chain, &env.coinbase, env.gasPool, env.state, env.header, tx.Tx, &env.header.GasUsed, *w.chain.GetVMConfig())
if err != nil {
env.state.RevertToSnapshot(snap)
env.gasPool.SetGas(gp)
return nil, err
}
env.txs = append(env.txs, tx.Tx)
env.receipts = append(env.receipts, receipt)
return receipt.Logs, nil
}
func (w *worker) commitTransactions(env *environment, txs *transactionsByPriceAndNonce, interrupt *atomic.Int32) error {
gasLimit := env.header.GasLimit
if env.gasPool == nil {
env.gasPool = new(core.GasPool).AddGas(gasLimit)
}
var coalescedLogs []*types.Log
for {
// Check interruption signal and abort building if it's fired.
if interrupt != nil {
if signal := interrupt.Load(); signal != commitInterruptNone {
return signalToErr(signal)
}
}
// If we don't have enough gas for any further transactions then we're done.
if env.gasPool.Gas() < params.TxGas {
log.Trace("Not enough gas for further transactions", "have", env.gasPool, "want", params.TxGas)
break
}
// Retrieve the next transaction and abort if all done.
ltx := txs.Peek()
if ltx == nil {
break
}
tx := ltx.Resolve()
if tx == nil {
log.Warn("Ignoring evicted transaction")
txs.Pop()
continue
}
// Error may be ignored here. The error has already been checked
// during transaction acceptance is the transaction pool.
from, _ := types.Sender(env.signer, tx.Tx)
// Check whether the tx is replay protected. If we're not in the EIP155 hf
// phase, start ignoring the sender until we do.
if tx.Tx.Protected() && !w.chainConfig.IsEIP155(env.header.Number) {
log.Trace("Ignoring reply protected transaction", "hash", tx.Tx.Hash(), "eip155", w.chainConfig.EIP155Block)
txs.Pop()
continue
}
// Start executing the transaction
env.state.SetTxContext(tx.Tx.Hash(), env.tcount)
logs, err := w.commitTransaction(env, tx)
switch {
case errors.Is(err, core.ErrNonceTooLow):
// New head notification data race between the transaction pool and miner, shift
log.Trace("Skipping transaction with low nonce", "sender", from, "nonce", tx.Tx.Nonce())
txs.Shift()
case errors.Is(err, nil):
// Everything ok, collect the logs and shift in the next transaction from the same account
coalescedLogs = append(coalescedLogs, logs...)
env.tcount++
txs.Shift()
default:
// Transaction is regarded as invalid, drop all consecutive transactions from
// the same sender because of `nonce-too-high` clause.
log.Debug("Transaction failed, account skipped", "hash", tx.Tx.Hash(), "err", err)
txs.Pop()
}
}
if !w.isRunning() && len(coalescedLogs) > 0 {
// We don't push the pendingLogsEvent while we are sealing. The reason is that
// when we are sealing, the worker will regenerate a sealing block every 3 seconds.
// In order to avoid pushing the repeated pendingLog, we disable the pending log pushing.
// make a copy, the state caches the logs and these logs get "upgraded" from pending to mined
// logs by filling in the block hash when the block was mined by the local miner. This can
// cause a race condition if a log was "upgraded" before the PendingLogsEvent is processed.
cpy := make([]*types.Log, len(coalescedLogs))
for i, l := range coalescedLogs {
cpy[i] = new(types.Log)
*cpy[i] = *l
}
w.pendingLogsFeed.Send(cpy)
}
return nil
}
// generateParams wraps various of settings for generating sealing task.
type generateParams struct {
timestamp uint64 // The timstamp for sealing task
forceTime bool // Flag whether the given timestamp is immutable or not
parentHash common.Hash // Parent block hash, empty means the latest chain head
coinbase common.Address // The fee recipient address for including transaction
random common.Hash // The randomness generated by beacon chain, empty before the merge
withdrawals types.Withdrawals // List of withdrawals to include in block.
noTxs bool // Flag whether an empty block without any transaction is expected
}
// prepareWork constructs the sealing task according to the given parameters,
// either based on the last chain head or specified parent. In this function
// the pending transactions are not filled yet, only the empty task returned.
func (w *worker) prepareWork(genParams *generateParams) (*environment, error) {
w.mu.RLock()
defer w.mu.RUnlock()
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// Find the parent block for sealing task
parent := w.chain.CurrentBlock()
if genParams.parentHash != (common.Hash{}) {
block := w.chain.GetBlockByHash(genParams.parentHash)
if block == nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("missing parent")
}
parent = block.Header()
}
// Sanity check the timestamp correctness, recap the timestamp
// to parent+1 if the mutation is allowed.
timestamp := genParams.timestamp
if parent.Time >= timestamp {
if genParams.forceTime {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid timestamp, parent %d given %d", parent.Time, timestamp)
}
timestamp = parent.Time + 1
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}
// Construct the sealing block header.
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header := &types.Header{
ParentHash: parent.Hash(),
Number: new(big.Int).Add(parent.Number, common.Big1),
GasLimit: core.CalcGasLimit(parent.GasLimit, w.config.GasCeil),
Time: timestamp,
Coinbase: genParams.coinbase,
}
// Set the extra field.
if len(w.extra) != 0 {
header.Extra = w.extra
}
// Set the randomness field from the beacon chain if it's available.
if genParams.random != (common.Hash{}) {
header.MixDigest = genParams.random
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}
// Set baseFee and GasLimit if we are on an EIP-1559 chain
if w.chainConfig.IsLondon(header.Number) {
header.BaseFee = misc.CalcBaseFee(w.chainConfig, parent)
if !w.chainConfig.IsLondon(parent.Number) {
parentGasLimit := parent.GasLimit * w.chainConfig.ElasticityMultiplier()
header.GasLimit = core.CalcGasLimit(parentGasLimit, w.config.GasCeil)
}
}
// Run the consensus preparation with the default or customized consensus engine.
if err := w.engine.Prepare(w.chain, header); err != nil {
log.Error("Failed to prepare header for sealing", "err", err)
return nil, err
}
// Could potentially happen if starting to mine in an odd state.
// Note genParams.coinbase can be different with header.Coinbase
// since clique algorithm can modify the coinbase field in header.
env, err := w.makeEnv(parent, header, genParams.coinbase)
if err != nil {
log.Error("Failed to create sealing context", "err", err)
return nil, err
}
return env, nil
}
// fillTransactions retrieves the pending transactions from the txpool and fills them
// into the given sealing block. The transaction selection and ordering strategy can
// be customized with the plugin in the future.
func (w *worker) fillTransactions(interrupt *atomic.Int32, env *environment) error {
// Split the pending transactions into locals and remotes
// Fill the block with all available pending transactions.
pending := w.eth.TxPool().Pending(true)
localTxs, remoteTxs := make(map[common.Address][]*txpool.LazyTransaction), pending
for _, account := range w.eth.TxPool().Locals() {
if txs := remoteTxs[account]; len(txs) > 0 {
delete(remoteTxs, account)
localTxs[account] = txs
}
}
if len(localTxs) > 0 {
txs := newTransactionsByPriceAndNonce(env.signer, localTxs, env.header.BaseFee)
if err := w.commitTransactions(env, txs, interrupt); err != nil {
return err
}
}
if len(remoteTxs) > 0 {
txs := newTransactionsByPriceAndNonce(env.signer, remoteTxs, env.header.BaseFee)
if err := w.commitTransactions(env, txs, interrupt); err != nil {
return err
}
}
return nil
}
// generateWork generates a sealing block based on the given parameters.
func (w *worker) generateWork(params *generateParams) (*types.Block, *big.Int, error) {
work, err := w.prepareWork(params)
if err != nil {
return nil, nil, err
}
defer work.discard()
if !params.noTxs {
interrupt := new(atomic.Int32)
timer := time.AfterFunc(w.newpayloadTimeout, func() {
interrupt.Store(commitInterruptTimeout)
})
defer timer.Stop()
err := w.fillTransactions(interrupt, work)
if errors.Is(err, errBlockInterruptedByTimeout) {
log.Warn("Block building is interrupted", "allowance", common.PrettyDuration(w.newpayloadTimeout))
}
}
block, err := w.engine.FinalizeAndAssemble(w.chain, work.header, work.state, work.txs, nil, work.receipts, params.withdrawals)
if err != nil {
return nil, nil, err
}
return block, totalFees(block, work.receipts), nil
}
// commitWork generates several new sealing tasks based on the parent block
// and submit them to the sealer.
func (w *worker) commitWork(interrupt *atomic.Int32, timestamp int64) {
// Abort committing if node is still syncing
if w.syncing.Load() {
return
}
start := time.Now()
// Set the coinbase if the worker is running or it's required
var coinbase common.Address
if w.isRunning() {
coinbase = w.etherbase()
if coinbase == (common.Address{}) {
log.Error("Refusing to mine without etherbase")
return
}
}
work, err := w.prepareWork(&generateParams{
timestamp: uint64(timestamp),
coinbase: coinbase,
})
if err != nil {
return
}
// Fill pending transactions from the txpool into the block.
err = w.fillTransactions(interrupt, work)
switch {
case err == nil:
// The entire block is filled, decrease resubmit interval in case
// of current interval is larger than the user-specified one.
w.resubmitAdjustCh <- &intervalAdjust{inc: false}
case errors.Is(err, errBlockInterruptedByRecommit):
// Notify resubmit loop to increase resubmitting interval if the
// interruption is due to frequent commits.
gaslimit := work.header.GasLimit
ratio := float64(gaslimit-work.gasPool.Gas()) / float64(gaslimit)
if ratio < 0.1 {
ratio = 0.1
}
w.resubmitAdjustCh <- &intervalAdjust{
ratio: ratio,
inc: true,
}
case errors.Is(err, errBlockInterruptedByNewHead):
// If the block building is interrupted by newhead event, discard it
// totally. Committing the interrupted block introduces unnecessary
// delay, and possibly causes miner to mine on the previous head,
// which could result in higher uncle rate.
work.discard()
return
}
// Submit the generated block for consensus sealing.
w.commit(work.copy(), w.fullTaskHook, true, start)
// Swap out the old work with the new one, terminating any leftover
// prefetcher processes in the mean time and starting a new one.
if w.current != nil {
w.current.discard()
}
w.current = work
}
// commit runs any post-transaction state modifications, assembles the final block
// and commits new work if consensus engine is running.
// Note the assumption is held that the mutation is allowed to the passed env, do
// the deep copy first.
func (w *worker) commit(env *environment, interval func(), update bool, start time.Time) error {
if w.isRunning() {
if interval != nil {
interval()
}
// Create a local environment copy, avoid the data race with snapshot state.
// https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/issues/24299
env := env.copy()
// Withdrawals are set to nil here, because this is only called in PoW.
block, err := w.engine.FinalizeAndAssemble(w.chain, env.header, env.state, env.txs, nil, env.receipts, nil)
if err != nil {
return err
}
// If we're post merge, just ignore
if !w.isTTDReached(block.Header()) {
select {
case w.taskCh <- &task{receipts: env.receipts, state: env.state, block: block, createdAt: time.Now()}:
fees := totalFees(block, env.receipts)
feesInEther := new(big.Float).Quo(new(big.Float).SetInt(fees), big.NewFloat(params.Ether))
log.Info("Commit new sealing work", "number", block.Number(), "sealhash", w.engine.SealHash(block.Header()),
"txs", env.tcount, "gas", block.GasUsed(), "fees", feesInEther,
"elapsed", common.PrettyDuration(time.Since(start)))
case <-w.exitCh:
log.Info("Worker has exited")
}
}
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}
if update {
w.updateSnapshot(env)
}
return nil
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}
// getSealingBlock generates the sealing block based on the given parameters.
// The generation result will be passed back via the given channel no matter
// the generation itself succeeds or not.
func (w *worker) getSealingBlock(parent common.Hash, timestamp uint64, coinbase common.Address, random common.Hash, withdrawals types.Withdrawals, noTxs bool) (*types.Block, *big.Int, error) {
req := &getWorkReq{
params: &generateParams{
timestamp: timestamp,
forceTime: true,
parentHash: parent,
coinbase: coinbase,
random: random,
withdrawals: withdrawals,
noTxs: noTxs,
},
result: make(chan *newPayloadResult, 1),
}
select {
case w.getWorkCh <- req:
result := <-req.result
if result.err != nil {
return nil, nil, result.err
}
return result.block, result.fees, nil
case <-w.exitCh:
return nil, nil, errors.New("miner closed")
}
}
// isTTDReached returns the indicator if the given block has reached the total
// terminal difficulty for The Merge transition.
func (w *worker) isTTDReached(header *types.Header) bool {
td, ttd := w.chain.GetTd(header.ParentHash, header.Number.Uint64()-1), w.chain.Config().TerminalTotalDifficulty
return td != nil && ttd != nil && td.Cmp(ttd) >= 0
}
// copyReceipts makes a deep copy of the given receipts.
func copyReceipts(receipts []*types.Receipt) []*types.Receipt {
result := make([]*types.Receipt, len(receipts))
for i, l := range receipts {
cpy := *l
result[i] = &cpy
}
return result
}
// totalFees computes total consumed miner fees in Wei. Block transactions and receipts have to have the same order.
func totalFees(block *types.Block, receipts []*types.Receipt) *big.Int {
feesWei := new(big.Int)
for i, tx := range block.Transactions() {
minerFee, _ := tx.EffectiveGasTip(block.BaseFee())
feesWei.Add(feesWei, new(big.Int).Mul(new(big.Int).SetUint64(receipts[i].GasUsed), minerFee))
}
return feesWei
}
// signalToErr converts the interruption signal to a concrete error type for return.
// The given signal must be a valid interruption signal.
func signalToErr(signal int32) error {
switch signal {
case commitInterruptNewHead:
return errBlockInterruptedByNewHead
case commitInterruptResubmit:
return errBlockInterruptedByRecommit
case commitInterruptTimeout:
return errBlockInterruptedByTimeout
default:
panic(fmt.Errorf("undefined signal %d", signal))
}
}