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## Description Closes: #9404 --- ### Author Checklist *All items are required. Please add a note to the item if the item is not applicable and please add links to any relevant follow up issues.* I have... - [x] included the correct [type prefix](https://github.com/commitizen/conventional-commit-types/blob/v3.0.0/index.json) in the PR title - [ ] added `!` to the type prefix if API or client breaking change - [x] targeted the correct branch (see [PR Targeting](https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#pr-targeting)) - [x] provided a link to the relevant issue or specification - [ ] followed the guidelines for [building modules](https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/master/docs/building-modules) - [ ] included the necessary unit and integration [tests](https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#testing) - [ ] added a changelog entry to `CHANGELOG.md` - [ ] included comments for [documenting Go code](https://blog.golang.org/godoc) - [ ] updated the relevant documentation or specification - [x] reviewed "Files changed" and left comments if necessary - [x] confirmed all CI checks have passed ### Reviewers Checklist *All items are required. Please add a note if the item is not applicable and please add your handle next to the items reviewed if you only reviewed selected items.* I have... - [ ] confirmed the correct [type prefix](https://github.com/commitizen/conventional-commit-types/blob/v3.0.0/index.json) in the PR title - [ ] confirmed `!` in the type prefix if API or client breaking change - [ ] confirmed all author checklist items have been addressed - [ ] reviewed state machine logic - [ ] reviewed API design and naming - [ ] reviewed documentation is accurate - [ ] reviewed tests and test coverage - [ ] manually tested (if applicable)
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Concepts
Authorization and Grant
The x/authz module defines interfaces and messages grant authorizations to perform actions
on behalf of one account to other accounts. The design is defined in the ADR 030.
A grant is an allowance to execute a Msg by the grantee on behalf of the granter.
Authorization is an interface that must be implemented by a concrete authorization logic to validate and execute grants. Authorizations are extensible and can be defined for any Msg service method even outside of the module where the Msg method is defined. See the SendAuthorization example in the next section for more details.
Note: The authz module is different from the auth (authentication) module that is responsible for specifying the base transaction and account types.
+++ https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/v0.43.0-beta1/x/authz/authorizations.go#L11-L25
Built-in Authorizations
The Cosmos SDK x/authz module comes with following authorization types:
GenericAuthorization
GenericAuthorization implements the Authorization interface that gives unrestricted permission to execute the provided Msg on behalf of granter's account.
+++ https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/v0.43.0-beta1/x/authz/generic_authorization.go#L18-L31
msgstores Msg type URL.
SendAuthorization
SendAuthorization implements the Authorization interface for the cosmos.bank.v1beta1.MsgSend Msg. It takes a SpendLimit that specifies the maximum amount of tokens the grantee can spend. The SpendLimit is updated as the tokens are spent.
+++ https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/v0.43.0-beta1/x/bank/types/send_authorization.go#L25-L40
spend_limitkeeps track of how many coins are left in the authorization.
StakeAuthorization
StakeAuthorization implements the Authorization interface for messages in the staking module. It takes an AuthorizationType to specify whether you want to authorise delegating, undelegating or redelegating (i.e. these have to be authorised seperately). It also takes a MaxTokens that keeps track of a limit to the amount of tokens that can be delegated/undelegated/redelegated. If left empty, the amount is unlimited. Additionally, this Msg takes an AllowList and a DenyList, which allows you to select which validators you allow grantees to stake with.
+++ https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/blob/v0.43.0-beta1/x/staking/types/authz.go#L18-L38
Gas
In order to prevent DoS attacks, granting StakeAuthorizations with x/authz incurs gas. StakeAuthorization allows you to authorize another account to delegate, undelegate, or redelegate to validators. The authorizer can define a list of validators they allow or deny delegations to. The Cosmos SDK iterates over these lists and charge 10 gas for each validator in both of the lists.