plugeth/core/genesis.go
Felix Lange b628d72766
build: upgrade to go 1.19 (#25726)
This changes the CI / release builds to use the latest Go version. It also
upgrades golangci-lint to a newer version compatible with Go 1.19.

In Go 1.19, godoc has gained official support for links and lists. The
syntax for code blocks in doc comments has changed and now requires a
leading tab character. gofmt adapts comments to the new syntax
automatically, so there are a lot of comment re-formatting changes in this
PR. We need to apply the new format in order to pass the CI lint stage with
Go 1.19.

With the linter upgrade, I have decided to disable 'gosec' - it produces
too many false-positive warnings. The 'deadcode' and 'varcheck' linters
have also been removed because golangci-lint warns about them being
unmaintained. 'unused' provides similar coverage and we already have it
enabled, so we don't lose much with this change.
2022-09-10 13:25:40 +02:00

599 lines
21 KiB
Go

// Copyright 2014 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
package core
import (
"bytes"
"encoding/hex"
"encoding/json"
"errors"
"fmt"
"math/big"
"strings"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/math"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie"
)
//go:generate go run github.com/fjl/gencodec -type Genesis -field-override genesisSpecMarshaling -out gen_genesis.go
//go:generate go run github.com/fjl/gencodec -type GenesisAccount -field-override genesisAccountMarshaling -out gen_genesis_account.go
var errGenesisNoConfig = errors.New("genesis has no chain configuration")
// Genesis specifies the header fields, state of a genesis block. It also defines hard
// fork switch-over blocks through the chain configuration.
type Genesis struct {
Config *params.ChainConfig `json:"config"`
Nonce uint64 `json:"nonce"`
Timestamp uint64 `json:"timestamp"`
ExtraData []byte `json:"extraData"`
GasLimit uint64 `json:"gasLimit" gencodec:"required"`
Difficulty *big.Int `json:"difficulty" gencodec:"required"`
Mixhash common.Hash `json:"mixHash"`
Coinbase common.Address `json:"coinbase"`
Alloc GenesisAlloc `json:"alloc" gencodec:"required"`
// These fields are used for consensus tests. Please don't use them
// in actual genesis blocks.
Number uint64 `json:"number"`
GasUsed uint64 `json:"gasUsed"`
ParentHash common.Hash `json:"parentHash"`
BaseFee *big.Int `json:"baseFeePerGas"`
}
// GenesisAlloc specifies the initial state that is part of the genesis block.
type GenesisAlloc map[common.Address]GenesisAccount
func (ga *GenesisAlloc) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
m := make(map[common.UnprefixedAddress]GenesisAccount)
if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &m); err != nil {
return err
}
*ga = make(GenesisAlloc)
for addr, a := range m {
(*ga)[common.Address(addr)] = a
}
return nil
}
// deriveHash computes the state root according to the genesis specification.
func (ga *GenesisAlloc) deriveHash() (common.Hash, error) {
// Create an ephemeral in-memory database for computing hash,
// all the derived states will be discarded to not pollute disk.
db := state.NewDatabase(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase())
statedb, err := state.New(common.Hash{}, db, nil)
if err != nil {
return common.Hash{}, err
}
for addr, account := range *ga {
statedb.AddBalance(addr, account.Balance)
statedb.SetCode(addr, account.Code)
statedb.SetNonce(addr, account.Nonce)
for key, value := range account.Storage {
statedb.SetState(addr, key, value)
}
}
return statedb.Commit(false)
}
// flush is very similar with deriveHash, but the main difference is
// all the generated states will be persisted into the given database.
// Also, the genesis state specification will be flushed as well.
func (ga *GenesisAlloc) flush(db ethdb.Database) error {
statedb, err := state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabaseWithConfig(db, &trie.Config{Preimages: true}), nil)
if err != nil {
return err
}
for addr, account := range *ga {
statedb.AddBalance(addr, account.Balance)
statedb.SetCode(addr, account.Code)
statedb.SetNonce(addr, account.Nonce)
for key, value := range account.Storage {
statedb.SetState(addr, key, value)
}
}
root, err := statedb.Commit(false)
if err != nil {
return err
}
err = statedb.Database().TrieDB().Commit(root, true, nil)
if err != nil {
return err
}
// Marshal the genesis state specification and persist.
blob, err := json.Marshal(ga)
if err != nil {
return err
}
rawdb.WriteGenesisStateSpec(db, root, blob)
return nil
}
// CommitGenesisState loads the stored genesis state with the given block
// hash and commits them into the given database handler.
func CommitGenesisState(db ethdb.Database, hash common.Hash) error {
var alloc GenesisAlloc
blob := rawdb.ReadGenesisStateSpec(db, hash)
if len(blob) != 0 {
if err := alloc.UnmarshalJSON(blob); err != nil {
return err
}
} else {
// Genesis allocation is missing and there are several possibilities:
// the node is legacy which doesn't persist the genesis allocation or
// the persisted allocation is just lost.
// - supported networks(mainnet, testnets), recover with defined allocations
// - private network, can't recover
var genesis *Genesis
switch hash {
case params.MainnetGenesisHash:
genesis = DefaultGenesisBlock()
case params.RopstenGenesisHash:
genesis = DefaultRopstenGenesisBlock()
case params.RinkebyGenesisHash:
genesis = DefaultRinkebyGenesisBlock()
case params.GoerliGenesisHash:
genesis = DefaultGoerliGenesisBlock()
case params.SepoliaGenesisHash:
genesis = DefaultSepoliaGenesisBlock()
}
if genesis != nil {
alloc = genesis.Alloc
} else {
return errors.New("not found")
}
}
return alloc.flush(db)
}
// GenesisAccount is an account in the state of the genesis block.
type GenesisAccount struct {
Code []byte `json:"code,omitempty"`
Storage map[common.Hash]common.Hash `json:"storage,omitempty"`
Balance *big.Int `json:"balance" gencodec:"required"`
Nonce uint64 `json:"nonce,omitempty"`
PrivateKey []byte `json:"secretKey,omitempty"` // for tests
}
// field type overrides for gencodec
type genesisSpecMarshaling struct {
Nonce math.HexOrDecimal64
Timestamp math.HexOrDecimal64
ExtraData hexutil.Bytes
GasLimit math.HexOrDecimal64
GasUsed math.HexOrDecimal64
Number math.HexOrDecimal64
Difficulty *math.HexOrDecimal256
BaseFee *math.HexOrDecimal256
Alloc map[common.UnprefixedAddress]GenesisAccount
}
type genesisAccountMarshaling struct {
Code hexutil.Bytes
Balance *math.HexOrDecimal256
Nonce math.HexOrDecimal64
Storage map[storageJSON]storageJSON
PrivateKey hexutil.Bytes
}
// storageJSON represents a 256 bit byte array, but allows less than 256 bits when
// unmarshaling from hex.
type storageJSON common.Hash
func (h *storageJSON) UnmarshalText(text []byte) error {
text = bytes.TrimPrefix(text, []byte("0x"))
if len(text) > 64 {
return fmt.Errorf("too many hex characters in storage key/value %q", text)
}
offset := len(h) - len(text)/2 // pad on the left
if _, err := hex.Decode(h[offset:], text); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("invalid hex storage key/value %q", text)
}
return nil
}
func (h storageJSON) MarshalText() ([]byte, error) {
return hexutil.Bytes(h[:]).MarshalText()
}
// GenesisMismatchError is raised when trying to overwrite an existing
// genesis block with an incompatible one.
type GenesisMismatchError struct {
Stored, New common.Hash
}
func (e *GenesisMismatchError) Error() string {
return fmt.Sprintf("database contains incompatible genesis (have %x, new %x)", e.Stored, e.New)
}
// ChainOverrides contains the changes to chain config.
type ChainOverrides struct {
OverrideTerminalTotalDifficulty *big.Int
OverrideTerminalTotalDifficultyPassed *bool
}
// SetupGenesisBlock writes or updates the genesis block in db.
// The block that will be used is:
//
// genesis == nil genesis != nil
// +------------------------------------------
// db has no genesis | main-net default | genesis
// db has genesis | from DB | genesis (if compatible)
//
// The stored chain configuration will be updated if it is compatible (i.e. does not
// specify a fork block below the local head block). In case of a conflict, the
// error is a *params.ConfigCompatError and the new, unwritten config is returned.
//
// The returned chain configuration is never nil.
func SetupGenesisBlock(db ethdb.Database, genesis *Genesis) (*params.ChainConfig, common.Hash, error) {
return SetupGenesisBlockWithOverride(db, genesis, nil)
}
func SetupGenesisBlockWithOverride(db ethdb.Database, genesis *Genesis, overrides *ChainOverrides) (*params.ChainConfig, common.Hash, error) {
if genesis != nil && genesis.Config == nil {
return params.AllEthashProtocolChanges, common.Hash{}, errGenesisNoConfig
}
applyOverrides := func(config *params.ChainConfig) {
if config != nil {
if overrides != nil && overrides.OverrideTerminalTotalDifficulty != nil {
config.TerminalTotalDifficulty = overrides.OverrideTerminalTotalDifficulty
}
if overrides != nil && overrides.OverrideTerminalTotalDifficultyPassed != nil {
config.TerminalTotalDifficultyPassed = *overrides.OverrideTerminalTotalDifficultyPassed
}
}
}
// Just commit the new block if there is no stored genesis block.
stored := rawdb.ReadCanonicalHash(db, 0)
if (stored == common.Hash{}) {
if genesis == nil {
log.Info("Writing default main-net genesis block")
genesis = DefaultGenesisBlock()
} else {
log.Info("Writing custom genesis block")
}
block, err := genesis.Commit(db)
if err != nil {
return genesis.Config, common.Hash{}, err
}
applyOverrides(genesis.Config)
return genesis.Config, block.Hash(), nil
}
// We have the genesis block in database(perhaps in ancient database)
// but the corresponding state is missing.
header := rawdb.ReadHeader(db, stored, 0)
if _, err := state.New(header.Root, state.NewDatabaseWithConfig(db, nil), nil); err != nil {
if genesis == nil {
genesis = DefaultGenesisBlock()
}
// Ensure the stored genesis matches with the given one.
hash := genesis.ToBlock().Hash()
if hash != stored {
return genesis.Config, hash, &GenesisMismatchError{stored, hash}
}
block, err := genesis.Commit(db)
if err != nil {
return genesis.Config, hash, err
}
applyOverrides(genesis.Config)
return genesis.Config, block.Hash(), nil
}
// Check whether the genesis block is already written.
if genesis != nil {
hash := genesis.ToBlock().Hash()
if hash != stored {
return genesis.Config, hash, &GenesisMismatchError{stored, hash}
}
}
// Get the existing chain configuration.
newcfg := genesis.configOrDefault(stored)
applyOverrides(newcfg)
if err := newcfg.CheckConfigForkOrder(); err != nil {
return newcfg, common.Hash{}, err
}
storedcfg := rawdb.ReadChainConfig(db, stored)
if storedcfg == nil {
log.Warn("Found genesis block without chain config")
rawdb.WriteChainConfig(db, stored, newcfg)
return newcfg, stored, nil
}
// Special case: if a private network is being used (no genesis and also no
// mainnet hash in the database), we must not apply the `configOrDefault`
// chain config as that would be AllProtocolChanges (applying any new fork
// on top of an existing private network genesis block). In that case, only
// apply the overrides.
if genesis == nil && stored != params.MainnetGenesisHash {
newcfg = storedcfg
applyOverrides(newcfg)
}
// Check config compatibility and write the config. Compatibility errors
// are returned to the caller unless we're already at block zero.
height := rawdb.ReadHeaderNumber(db, rawdb.ReadHeadHeaderHash(db))
if height == nil {
return newcfg, stored, fmt.Errorf("missing block number for head header hash")
}
compatErr := storedcfg.CheckCompatible(newcfg, *height)
if compatErr != nil && *height != 0 && compatErr.RewindTo != 0 {
return newcfg, stored, compatErr
}
rawdb.WriteChainConfig(db, stored, newcfg)
return newcfg, stored, nil
}
// LoadCliqueConfig loads the stored clique config if the chain config
// is already present in database, otherwise, return the config in the
// provided genesis specification. Note the returned clique config can
// be nil if we are not in the clique network.
func LoadCliqueConfig(db ethdb.Database, genesis *Genesis) (*params.CliqueConfig, error) {
// Load the stored chain config from the database. It can be nil
// in case the database is empty. Notably, we only care about the
// chain config corresponds to the canonical chain.
stored := rawdb.ReadCanonicalHash(db, 0)
if stored != (common.Hash{}) {
storedcfg := rawdb.ReadChainConfig(db, stored)
if storedcfg != nil {
return storedcfg.Clique, nil
}
}
// Load the clique config from the provided genesis specification.
if genesis != nil {
// Reject invalid genesis spec without valid chain config
if genesis.Config == nil {
return nil, errGenesisNoConfig
}
// If the canonical genesis header is present, but the chain
// config is missing(initialize the empty leveldb with an
// external ancient chain segment), ensure the provided genesis
// is matched.
if stored != (common.Hash{}) && genesis.ToBlock().Hash() != stored {
return nil, &GenesisMismatchError{stored, genesis.ToBlock().Hash()}
}
return genesis.Config.Clique, nil
}
// There is no stored chain config and no new config provided,
// In this case the default chain config(mainnet) will be used,
// namely ethash is the specified consensus engine, return nil.
return nil, nil
}
func (g *Genesis) configOrDefault(ghash common.Hash) *params.ChainConfig {
switch {
case g != nil:
return g.Config
case ghash == params.MainnetGenesisHash:
return params.MainnetChainConfig
case ghash == params.RopstenGenesisHash:
return params.RopstenChainConfig
case ghash == params.SepoliaGenesisHash:
return params.SepoliaChainConfig
case ghash == params.RinkebyGenesisHash:
return params.RinkebyChainConfig
case ghash == params.GoerliGenesisHash:
return params.GoerliChainConfig
case ghash == params.KilnGenesisHash:
return DefaultKilnGenesisBlock().Config
default:
return params.AllEthashProtocolChanges
}
}
// ToBlock returns the genesis block according to genesis specification.
func (g *Genesis) ToBlock() *types.Block {
root, err := g.Alloc.deriveHash()
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
head := &types.Header{
Number: new(big.Int).SetUint64(g.Number),
Nonce: types.EncodeNonce(g.Nonce),
Time: g.Timestamp,
ParentHash: g.ParentHash,
Extra: g.ExtraData,
GasLimit: g.GasLimit,
GasUsed: g.GasUsed,
BaseFee: g.BaseFee,
Difficulty: g.Difficulty,
MixDigest: g.Mixhash,
Coinbase: g.Coinbase,
Root: root,
}
if g.GasLimit == 0 {
head.GasLimit = params.GenesisGasLimit
}
if g.Difficulty == nil && g.Mixhash == (common.Hash{}) {
head.Difficulty = params.GenesisDifficulty
}
if g.Config != nil && g.Config.IsLondon(common.Big0) {
if g.BaseFee != nil {
head.BaseFee = g.BaseFee
} else {
head.BaseFee = new(big.Int).SetUint64(params.InitialBaseFee)
}
}
return types.NewBlock(head, nil, nil, nil, trie.NewStackTrie(nil))
}
// Commit writes the block and state of a genesis specification to the database.
// The block is committed as the canonical head block.
func (g *Genesis) Commit(db ethdb.Database) (*types.Block, error) {
block := g.ToBlock()
if block.Number().Sign() != 0 {
return nil, errors.New("can't commit genesis block with number > 0")
}
config := g.Config
if config == nil {
config = params.AllEthashProtocolChanges
}
if err := config.CheckConfigForkOrder(); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if config.Clique != nil && len(block.Extra()) < 32+crypto.SignatureLength {
return nil, errors.New("can't start clique chain without signers")
}
// All the checks has passed, flush the states derived from the genesis
// specification as well as the specification itself into the provided
// database.
if err := g.Alloc.flush(db); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
rawdb.WriteTd(db, block.Hash(), block.NumberU64(), block.Difficulty())
rawdb.WriteBlock(db, block)
rawdb.WriteReceipts(db, block.Hash(), block.NumberU64(), nil)
rawdb.WriteCanonicalHash(db, block.Hash(), block.NumberU64())
rawdb.WriteHeadBlockHash(db, block.Hash())
rawdb.WriteHeadFastBlockHash(db, block.Hash())
rawdb.WriteHeadHeaderHash(db, block.Hash())
rawdb.WriteChainConfig(db, block.Hash(), config)
return block, nil
}
// MustCommit writes the genesis block and state to db, panicking on error.
// The block is committed as the canonical head block.
func (g *Genesis) MustCommit(db ethdb.Database) *types.Block {
block, err := g.Commit(db)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
return block
}
// DefaultGenesisBlock returns the Ethereum main net genesis block.
func DefaultGenesisBlock() *Genesis {
return &Genesis{
Config: params.MainnetChainConfig,
Nonce: 66,
ExtraData: hexutil.MustDecode("0x11bbe8db4e347b4e8c937c1c8370e4b5ed33adb3db69cbdb7a38e1e50b1b82fa"),
GasLimit: 5000,
Difficulty: big.NewInt(17179869184),
Alloc: decodePrealloc(mainnetAllocData),
}
}
// DefaultRopstenGenesisBlock returns the Ropsten network genesis block.
func DefaultRopstenGenesisBlock() *Genesis {
return &Genesis{
Config: params.RopstenChainConfig,
Nonce: 66,
ExtraData: hexutil.MustDecode("0x3535353535353535353535353535353535353535353535353535353535353535"),
GasLimit: 16777216,
Difficulty: big.NewInt(1048576),
Alloc: decodePrealloc(ropstenAllocData),
}
}
// DefaultRinkebyGenesisBlock returns the Rinkeby network genesis block.
func DefaultRinkebyGenesisBlock() *Genesis {
return &Genesis{
Config: params.RinkebyChainConfig,
Timestamp: 1492009146,
ExtraData: hexutil.MustDecode("0x52657370656374206d7920617574686f7269746168207e452e436172746d616e42eb768f2244c8811c63729a21a3569731535f067ffc57839b00206d1ad20c69a1981b489f772031b279182d99e65703f0076e4812653aab85fca0f00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"),
GasLimit: 4700000,
Difficulty: big.NewInt(1),
Alloc: decodePrealloc(rinkebyAllocData),
}
}
// DefaultGoerliGenesisBlock returns the Görli network genesis block.
func DefaultGoerliGenesisBlock() *Genesis {
return &Genesis{
Config: params.GoerliChainConfig,
Timestamp: 1548854791,
ExtraData: hexutil.MustDecode("0x22466c6578692069732061207468696e6722202d204166726900000000000000e0a2bd4258d2768837baa26a28fe71dc079f84c70000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"),
GasLimit: 10485760,
Difficulty: big.NewInt(1),
Alloc: decodePrealloc(goerliAllocData),
}
}
// DefaultSepoliaGenesisBlock returns the Sepolia network genesis block.
func DefaultSepoliaGenesisBlock() *Genesis {
return &Genesis{
Config: params.SepoliaChainConfig,
Nonce: 0,
ExtraData: []byte("Sepolia, Athens, Attica, Greece!"),
GasLimit: 0x1c9c380,
Difficulty: big.NewInt(0x20000),
Timestamp: 1633267481,
Alloc: decodePrealloc(sepoliaAllocData),
}
}
// DefaultKilnGenesisBlock returns the kiln network genesis block.
func DefaultKilnGenesisBlock() *Genesis {
g := new(Genesis)
reader := strings.NewReader(KilnAllocData)
if err := json.NewDecoder(reader).Decode(g); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
return g
}
// DeveloperGenesisBlock returns the 'geth --dev' genesis block.
func DeveloperGenesisBlock(period uint64, gasLimit uint64, faucet common.Address) *Genesis {
// Override the default period to the user requested one
config := *params.AllCliqueProtocolChanges
config.Clique = &params.CliqueConfig{
Period: period,
Epoch: config.Clique.Epoch,
}
// Assemble and return the genesis with the precompiles and faucet pre-funded
return &Genesis{
Config: &config,
ExtraData: append(append(make([]byte, 32), faucet[:]...), make([]byte, crypto.SignatureLength)...),
GasLimit: gasLimit,
BaseFee: big.NewInt(params.InitialBaseFee),
Difficulty: big.NewInt(1),
Alloc: map[common.Address]GenesisAccount{
common.BytesToAddress([]byte{1}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // ECRecover
common.BytesToAddress([]byte{2}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // SHA256
common.BytesToAddress([]byte{3}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // RIPEMD
common.BytesToAddress([]byte{4}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // Identity
common.BytesToAddress([]byte{5}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // ModExp
common.BytesToAddress([]byte{6}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // ECAdd
common.BytesToAddress([]byte{7}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // ECScalarMul
common.BytesToAddress([]byte{8}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // ECPairing
common.BytesToAddress([]byte{9}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // BLAKE2b
faucet: {Balance: new(big.Int).Sub(new(big.Int).Lsh(big.NewInt(1), 256), big.NewInt(9))},
},
}
}
func decodePrealloc(data string) GenesisAlloc {
var p []struct{ Addr, Balance *big.Int }
if err := rlp.NewStream(strings.NewReader(data), 0).Decode(&p); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
ga := make(GenesisAlloc, len(p))
for _, account := range p {
ga[common.BigToAddress(account.Addr)] = GenesisAccount{Balance: account.Balance}
}
return ga
}