plugeth/core/blockchain.go
Jeffrey Wilcke 987c1a595a eth/filters: pending logs
Pending logs are now filterable through the Go API. Filter API changed
such that each filter type has it's own bucket and adding filter
explicitly requires you specify the bucket to put it in.
2016-02-13 13:14:02 +01:00

1407 lines
46 KiB
Go

// Copyright 2014 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
// Package core implements the Ethereum consensus protocol.
package core
import (
crand "crypto/rand"
"errors"
"fmt"
"io"
"math"
"math/big"
mrand "math/rand"
"runtime"
"sync"
"sync/atomic"
"time"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/event"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/logger"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/logger/glog"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/metrics"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pow"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie"
"github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru"
)
var (
chainlogger = logger.NewLogger("CHAIN")
jsonlogger = logger.NewJsonLogger()
blockInsertTimer = metrics.NewTimer("chain/inserts")
ErrNoGenesis = errors.New("Genesis not found in chain")
)
const (
headerCacheLimit = 512
bodyCacheLimit = 256
tdCacheLimit = 1024
blockCacheLimit = 256
maxFutureBlocks = 256
maxTimeFutureBlocks = 30
// must be bumped when consensus algorithm is changed, this forces the upgradedb
// command to be run (forces the blocks to be imported again using the new algorithm)
BlockChainVersion = 3
)
// BlockChain represents the canonical chain given a database with a genesis
// block. The Blockchain manages chain imports, reverts, chain reorganisations.
//
// Importing blocks in to the block chain happens according to the set of rules
// defined by the two stage Validator. Processing of blocks is done using the
// Processor which processes the included transaction. The validation of the state
// is done in the second part of the Validator. Failing results in aborting of
// the import.
//
// The BlockChain also helps in returning blocks from **any** chain included
// in the database as well as blocks that represents the canonical chain. It's
// important to note that GetBlock can return any block and does not need to be
// included in the canonical one where as GetBlockByNumber always represents the
// canonical chain.
type BlockChain struct {
chainDb ethdb.Database
eventMux *event.TypeMux
genesisBlock *types.Block
// Last known total difficulty
mu sync.RWMutex
chainmu sync.RWMutex
tsmu sync.RWMutex
procmu sync.RWMutex
checkpoint int // checkpoint counts towards the new checkpoint
currentHeader *types.Header // Current head of the header chain (may be above the block chain!)
currentBlock *types.Block // Current head of the block chain
currentFastBlock *types.Block // Current head of the fast-sync chain (may be above the block chain!)
headerCache *lru.Cache // Cache for the most recent block headers
bodyCache *lru.Cache // Cache for the most recent block bodies
bodyRLPCache *lru.Cache // Cache for the most recent block bodies in RLP encoded format
tdCache *lru.Cache // Cache for the most recent block total difficulties
blockCache *lru.Cache // Cache for the most recent entire blocks
futureBlocks *lru.Cache // future blocks are blocks added for later processing
quit chan struct{}
running int32 // running must be called automically
// procInterrupt must be atomically called
procInterrupt int32 // interrupt signaler for block processing
wg sync.WaitGroup
pow pow.PoW
rand *mrand.Rand
processor Processor
validator Validator
}
// NewBlockChain returns a fully initialised block chain using information
// available in the database. It initialiser the default Ethereum Validator and
// Processor.
func NewBlockChain(chainDb ethdb.Database, pow pow.PoW, mux *event.TypeMux) (*BlockChain, error) {
headerCache, _ := lru.New(headerCacheLimit)
bodyCache, _ := lru.New(bodyCacheLimit)
bodyRLPCache, _ := lru.New(bodyCacheLimit)
tdCache, _ := lru.New(tdCacheLimit)
blockCache, _ := lru.New(blockCacheLimit)
futureBlocks, _ := lru.New(maxFutureBlocks)
bc := &BlockChain{
chainDb: chainDb,
eventMux: mux,
quit: make(chan struct{}),
headerCache: headerCache,
bodyCache: bodyCache,
bodyRLPCache: bodyRLPCache,
tdCache: tdCache,
blockCache: blockCache,
futureBlocks: futureBlocks,
pow: pow,
}
// Seed a fast but crypto originating random generator
seed, err := crand.Int(crand.Reader, big.NewInt(math.MaxInt64))
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
bc.rand = mrand.New(mrand.NewSource(seed.Int64()))
bc.SetValidator(NewBlockValidator(bc, pow))
bc.SetProcessor(NewStateProcessor(bc))
bc.genesisBlock = bc.GetBlockByNumber(0)
if bc.genesisBlock == nil {
bc.genesisBlock, err = WriteDefaultGenesisBlock(chainDb)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
glog.V(logger.Info).Infoln("WARNING: Wrote default ethereum genesis block")
}
if err := bc.loadLastState(); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
// Check the current state of the block hashes and make sure that we do not have any of the bad blocks in our chain
for hash, _ := range BadHashes {
if header := bc.GetHeader(hash); header != nil {
glog.V(logger.Error).Infof("Found bad hash, rewinding chain to block #%d [%x…]", header.Number, header.ParentHash[:4])
bc.SetHead(header.Number.Uint64() - 1)
glog.V(logger.Error).Infoln("Chain rewind was successful, resuming normal operation")
}
}
// Take ownership of this particular state
go bc.update()
return bc, nil
}
// loadLastState loads the last known chain state from the database. This method
// assumes that the chain manager mutex is held.
func (self *BlockChain) loadLastState() error {
// Restore the last known head block
head := GetHeadBlockHash(self.chainDb)
if head == (common.Hash{}) {
// Corrupt or empty database, init from scratch
self.Reset()
} else {
if block := self.GetBlock(head); block != nil {
// Block found, set as the current head
self.currentBlock = block
} else {
// Corrupt or empty database, init from scratch
self.Reset()
}
}
// Restore the last known head header
self.currentHeader = self.currentBlock.Header()
if head := GetHeadHeaderHash(self.chainDb); head != (common.Hash{}) {
if header := self.GetHeader(head); header != nil {
self.currentHeader = header
}
}
// Restore the last known head fast block
self.currentFastBlock = self.currentBlock
if head := GetHeadFastBlockHash(self.chainDb); head != (common.Hash{}) {
if block := self.GetBlock(head); block != nil {
self.currentFastBlock = block
}
}
// Issue a status log and return
headerTd := self.GetTd(self.currentHeader.Hash())
blockTd := self.GetTd(self.currentBlock.Hash())
fastTd := self.GetTd(self.currentFastBlock.Hash())
glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("Last header: #%d [%x…] TD=%v", self.currentHeader.Number, self.currentHeader.Hash().Bytes()[:4], headerTd)
glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("Last block: #%d [%x…] TD=%v", self.currentBlock.Number(), self.currentBlock.Hash().Bytes()[:4], blockTd)
glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("Fast block: #%d [%x…] TD=%v", self.currentFastBlock.Number(), self.currentFastBlock.Hash().Bytes()[:4], fastTd)
return nil
}
// SetHead rewinds the local chain to a new head. In the case of headers, everything
// above the new head will be deleted and the new one set. In the case of blocks
// though, the head may be further rewound if block bodies are missing (non-archive
// nodes after a fast sync).
func (bc *BlockChain) SetHead(head uint64) {
bc.mu.Lock()
defer bc.mu.Unlock()
// Figure out the highest known canonical headers and/or blocks
height := uint64(0)
if bc.currentHeader != nil {
if hh := bc.currentHeader.Number.Uint64(); hh > height {
height = hh
}
}
if bc.currentBlock != nil {
if bh := bc.currentBlock.NumberU64(); bh > height {
height = bh
}
}
if bc.currentFastBlock != nil {
if fbh := bc.currentFastBlock.NumberU64(); fbh > height {
height = fbh
}
}
// Gather all the hashes that need deletion
drop := make(map[common.Hash]struct{})
for bc.currentHeader != nil && bc.currentHeader.Number.Uint64() > head {
drop[bc.currentHeader.Hash()] = struct{}{}
bc.currentHeader = bc.GetHeader(bc.currentHeader.ParentHash)
}
for bc.currentBlock != nil && bc.currentBlock.NumberU64() > head {
drop[bc.currentBlock.Hash()] = struct{}{}
bc.currentBlock = bc.GetBlock(bc.currentBlock.ParentHash())
}
for bc.currentFastBlock != nil && bc.currentFastBlock.NumberU64() > head {
drop[bc.currentFastBlock.Hash()] = struct{}{}
bc.currentFastBlock = bc.GetBlock(bc.currentFastBlock.ParentHash())
}
// Roll back the canonical chain numbering
for i := height; i > head; i-- {
DeleteCanonicalHash(bc.chainDb, i)
}
// Delete everything found by the above rewind
for hash, _ := range drop {
DeleteHeader(bc.chainDb, hash)
DeleteBody(bc.chainDb, hash)
DeleteTd(bc.chainDb, hash)
}
// Clear out any stale content from the caches
bc.headerCache.Purge()
bc.bodyCache.Purge()
bc.bodyRLPCache.Purge()
bc.blockCache.Purge()
bc.futureBlocks.Purge()
// Update all computed fields to the new head
if bc.currentBlock == nil {
bc.currentBlock = bc.genesisBlock
}
if bc.currentHeader == nil {
bc.currentHeader = bc.genesisBlock.Header()
}
if bc.currentFastBlock == nil {
bc.currentFastBlock = bc.genesisBlock
}
if err := WriteHeadBlockHash(bc.chainDb, bc.currentBlock.Hash()); err != nil {
glog.Fatalf("failed to reset head block hash: %v", err)
}
if err := WriteHeadHeaderHash(bc.chainDb, bc.currentHeader.Hash()); err != nil {
glog.Fatalf("failed to reset head header hash: %v", err)
}
if err := WriteHeadFastBlockHash(bc.chainDb, bc.currentFastBlock.Hash()); err != nil {
glog.Fatalf("failed to reset head fast block hash: %v", err)
}
bc.loadLastState()
}
// FastSyncCommitHead sets the current head block to the one defined by the hash
// irrelevant what the chain contents were prior.
func (self *BlockChain) FastSyncCommitHead(hash common.Hash) error {
// Make sure that both the block as well at its state trie exists
block := self.GetBlock(hash)
if block == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("non existent block [%x…]", hash[:4])
}
if _, err := trie.NewSecure(block.Root(), self.chainDb); err != nil {
return err
}
// If all checks out, manually set the head block
self.mu.Lock()
self.currentBlock = block
self.mu.Unlock()
glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("committed block #%d [%x…] as new head", block.Number(), hash[:4])
return nil
}
// GasLimit returns the gas limit of the current HEAD block.
func (self *BlockChain) GasLimit() *big.Int {
self.mu.RLock()
defer self.mu.RUnlock()
return self.currentBlock.GasLimit()
}
// LastBlockHash return the hash of the HEAD block.
func (self *BlockChain) LastBlockHash() common.Hash {
self.mu.RLock()
defer self.mu.RUnlock()
return self.currentBlock.Hash()
}
// CurrentHeader retrieves the current head header of the canonical chain. The
// header is retrieved from the blockchain's internal cache.
func (self *BlockChain) CurrentHeader() *types.Header {
self.mu.RLock()
defer self.mu.RUnlock()
return self.currentHeader
}
// CurrentBlock retrieves the current head block of the canonical chain. The
// block is retrieved from the blockchain's internal cache.
func (self *BlockChain) CurrentBlock() *types.Block {
self.mu.RLock()
defer self.mu.RUnlock()
return self.currentBlock
}
// CurrentFastBlock retrieves the current fast-sync head block of the canonical
// chain. The block is retrieved from the blockchain's internal cache.
func (self *BlockChain) CurrentFastBlock() *types.Block {
self.mu.RLock()
defer self.mu.RUnlock()
return self.currentFastBlock
}
// Status returns status information about the current chain such as the HEAD Td,
// the HEAD hash and the hash of the genesis block.
func (self *BlockChain) Status() (td *big.Int, currentBlock common.Hash, genesisBlock common.Hash) {
self.mu.RLock()
defer self.mu.RUnlock()
return self.GetTd(self.currentBlock.Hash()), self.currentBlock.Hash(), self.genesisBlock.Hash()
}
// SetProcessor sets the processor required for making state modifications.
func (self *BlockChain) SetProcessor(processor Processor) {
self.procmu.Lock()
defer self.procmu.Unlock()
self.processor = processor
}
// SetValidator sets the validator which is used to validate incoming blocks.
func (self *BlockChain) SetValidator(validator Validator) {
self.procmu.Lock()
defer self.procmu.Unlock()
self.validator = validator
}
// Validator returns the current validator.
func (self *BlockChain) Validator() Validator {
self.procmu.RLock()
defer self.procmu.RUnlock()
return self.validator
}
// Processor returns the current processor.
func (self *BlockChain) Processor() Processor {
self.procmu.RLock()
defer self.procmu.RUnlock()
return self.processor
}
// AuxValidator returns the auxiliary validator (Proof of work atm)
func (self *BlockChain) AuxValidator() pow.PoW { return self.pow }
// State returns a new mutable state based on the current HEAD block.
func (self *BlockChain) State() (*state.StateDB, error) {
return state.New(self.CurrentBlock().Root(), self.chainDb)
}
// Reset purges the entire blockchain, restoring it to its genesis state.
func (bc *BlockChain) Reset() {
bc.ResetWithGenesisBlock(bc.genesisBlock)
}
// ResetWithGenesisBlock purges the entire blockchain, restoring it to the
// specified genesis state.
func (bc *BlockChain) ResetWithGenesisBlock(genesis *types.Block) {
// Dump the entire block chain and purge the caches
bc.SetHead(0)
bc.mu.Lock()
defer bc.mu.Unlock()
// Prepare the genesis block and reinitialise the chain
if err := WriteTd(bc.chainDb, genesis.Hash(), genesis.Difficulty()); err != nil {
glog.Fatalf("failed to write genesis block TD: %v", err)
}
if err := WriteBlock(bc.chainDb, genesis); err != nil {
glog.Fatalf("failed to write genesis block: %v", err)
}
bc.genesisBlock = genesis
bc.insert(bc.genesisBlock)
bc.currentBlock = bc.genesisBlock
bc.currentHeader = bc.genesisBlock.Header()
bc.currentFastBlock = bc.genesisBlock
}
// Export writes the active chain to the given writer.
func (self *BlockChain) Export(w io.Writer) error {
if err := self.ExportN(w, uint64(0), self.currentBlock.NumberU64()); err != nil {
return err
}
return nil
}
// ExportN writes a subset of the active chain to the given writer.
func (self *BlockChain) ExportN(w io.Writer, first uint64, last uint64) error {
self.mu.RLock()
defer self.mu.RUnlock()
if first > last {
return fmt.Errorf("export failed: first (%d) is greater than last (%d)", first, last)
}
glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("exporting %d blocks...\n", last-first+1)
for nr := first; nr <= last; nr++ {
block := self.GetBlockByNumber(nr)
if block == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("export failed on #%d: not found", nr)
}
if err := block.EncodeRLP(w); err != nil {
return err
}
}
return nil
}
// insert injects a new head block into the current block chain. This method
// assumes that the block is indeed a true head. It will also reset the head
// header and the head fast sync block to this very same block if they are older
// or if they are on a different side chain.
//
// Note, this function assumes that the `mu` mutex is held!
func (bc *BlockChain) insert(block *types.Block) {
// If the block is on a side chain or an unknown one, force other heads onto it too
updateHeads := GetCanonicalHash(bc.chainDb, block.NumberU64()) != block.Hash()
// Add the block to the canonical chain number scheme and mark as the head
if err := WriteCanonicalHash(bc.chainDb, block.Hash(), block.NumberU64()); err != nil {
glog.Fatalf("failed to insert block number: %v", err)
}
if err := WriteHeadBlockHash(bc.chainDb, block.Hash()); err != nil {
glog.Fatalf("failed to insert head block hash: %v", err)
}
bc.currentBlock = block
// If the block is better than out head or is on a different chain, force update heads
if updateHeads {
if err := WriteHeadHeaderHash(bc.chainDb, block.Hash()); err != nil {
glog.Fatalf("failed to insert head header hash: %v", err)
}
bc.currentHeader = block.Header()
if err := WriteHeadFastBlockHash(bc.chainDb, block.Hash()); err != nil {
glog.Fatalf("failed to insert head fast block hash: %v", err)
}
bc.currentFastBlock = block
}
}
// Accessors
func (bc *BlockChain) Genesis() *types.Block {
return bc.genesisBlock
}
// HasHeader checks if a block header is present in the database or not, caching
// it if present.
func (bc *BlockChain) HasHeader(hash common.Hash) bool {
return bc.GetHeader(hash) != nil
}
// GetHeader retrieves a block header from the database by hash, caching it if
// found.
func (self *BlockChain) GetHeader(hash common.Hash) *types.Header {
// Short circuit if the header's already in the cache, retrieve otherwise
if header, ok := self.headerCache.Get(hash); ok {
return header.(*types.Header)
}
header := GetHeader(self.chainDb, hash)
if header == nil {
return nil
}
// Cache the found header for next time and return
self.headerCache.Add(header.Hash(), header)
return header
}
// GetHeaderByNumber retrieves a block header from the database by number,
// caching it (associated with its hash) if found.
func (self *BlockChain) GetHeaderByNumber(number uint64) *types.Header {
hash := GetCanonicalHash(self.chainDb, number)
if hash == (common.Hash{}) {
return nil
}
return self.GetHeader(hash)
}
// GetBody retrieves a block body (transactions and uncles) from the database by
// hash, caching it if found.
func (self *BlockChain) GetBody(hash common.Hash) *types.Body {
// Short circuit if the body's already in the cache, retrieve otherwise
if cached, ok := self.bodyCache.Get(hash); ok {
body := cached.(*types.Body)
return body
}
body := GetBody(self.chainDb, hash)
if body == nil {
return nil
}
// Cache the found body for next time and return
self.bodyCache.Add(hash, body)
return body
}
// GetBodyRLP retrieves a block body in RLP encoding from the database by hash,
// caching it if found.
func (self *BlockChain) GetBodyRLP(hash common.Hash) rlp.RawValue {
// Short circuit if the body's already in the cache, retrieve otherwise
if cached, ok := self.bodyRLPCache.Get(hash); ok {
return cached.(rlp.RawValue)
}
body := GetBodyRLP(self.chainDb, hash)
if len(body) == 0 {
return nil
}
// Cache the found body for next time and return
self.bodyRLPCache.Add(hash, body)
return body
}
// GetTd retrieves a block's total difficulty in the canonical chain from the
// database by hash, caching it if found.
func (self *BlockChain) GetTd(hash common.Hash) *big.Int {
// Short circuit if the td's already in the cache, retrieve otherwise
if cached, ok := self.tdCache.Get(hash); ok {
return cached.(*big.Int)
}
td := GetTd(self.chainDb, hash)
if td == nil {
return nil
}
// Cache the found body for next time and return
self.tdCache.Add(hash, td)
return td
}
// HasBlock checks if a block is fully present in the database or not, caching
// it if present.
func (bc *BlockChain) HasBlock(hash common.Hash) bool {
return bc.GetBlock(hash) != nil
}
// HasBlockAndState checks if a block and associated state trie is fully present
// in the database or not, caching it if present.
func (bc *BlockChain) HasBlockAndState(hash common.Hash) bool {
// Check first that the block itself is known
block := bc.GetBlock(hash)
if block == nil {
return false
}
// Ensure the associated state is also present
_, err := state.New(block.Root(), bc.chainDb)
return err == nil
}
// GetBlock retrieves a block from the database by hash, caching it if found.
func (self *BlockChain) GetBlock(hash common.Hash) *types.Block {
// Short circuit if the block's already in the cache, retrieve otherwise
if block, ok := self.blockCache.Get(hash); ok {
return block.(*types.Block)
}
block := GetBlock(self.chainDb, hash)
if block == nil {
return nil
}
// Cache the found block for next time and return
self.blockCache.Add(block.Hash(), block)
return block
}
// GetBlockByNumber retrieves a block from the database by number, caching it
// (associated with its hash) if found.
func (self *BlockChain) GetBlockByNumber(number uint64) *types.Block {
hash := GetCanonicalHash(self.chainDb, number)
if hash == (common.Hash{}) {
return nil
}
return self.GetBlock(hash)
}
// GetBlockHashesFromHash retrieves a number of block hashes starting at a given
// hash, fetching towards the genesis block.
func (self *BlockChain) GetBlockHashesFromHash(hash common.Hash, max uint64) []common.Hash {
// Get the origin header from which to fetch
header := self.GetHeader(hash)
if header == nil {
return nil
}
// Iterate the headers until enough is collected or the genesis reached
chain := make([]common.Hash, 0, max)
for i := uint64(0); i < max; i++ {
if header = self.GetHeader(header.ParentHash); header == nil {
break
}
chain = append(chain, header.Hash())
if header.Number.Cmp(common.Big0) == 0 {
break
}
}
return chain
}
// [deprecated by eth/62]
// GetBlocksFromHash returns the block corresponding to hash and up to n-1 ancestors.
func (self *BlockChain) GetBlocksFromHash(hash common.Hash, n int) (blocks []*types.Block) {
for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
block := self.GetBlock(hash)
if block == nil {
break
}
blocks = append(blocks, block)
hash = block.ParentHash()
}
return
}
// GetUnclesInChain retrieves all the uncles from a given block backwards until
// a specific distance is reached.
func (self *BlockChain) GetUnclesInChain(block *types.Block, length int) []*types.Header {
uncles := []*types.Header{}
for i := 0; block != nil && i < length; i++ {
uncles = append(uncles, block.Uncles()...)
block = self.GetBlock(block.ParentHash())
}
return uncles
}
// Stop stops the blockchain service. If any imports are currently in progress
// it will abort them using the procInterrupt.
func (bc *BlockChain) Stop() {
if !atomic.CompareAndSwapInt32(&bc.running, 0, 1) {
return
}
close(bc.quit)
atomic.StoreInt32(&bc.procInterrupt, 1)
bc.wg.Wait()
glog.V(logger.Info).Infoln("Chain manager stopped")
}
func (self *BlockChain) procFutureBlocks() {
blocks := make([]*types.Block, self.futureBlocks.Len())
for i, hash := range self.futureBlocks.Keys() {
block, _ := self.futureBlocks.Get(hash)
blocks[i] = block.(*types.Block)
}
if len(blocks) > 0 {
types.BlockBy(types.Number).Sort(blocks)
self.InsertChain(blocks)
}
}
type writeStatus byte
const (
NonStatTy writeStatus = iota
CanonStatTy
SplitStatTy
SideStatTy
)
// writeHeader writes a header into the local chain, given that its parent is
// already known. If the total difficulty of the newly inserted header becomes
// greater than the current known TD, the canonical chain is re-routed.
//
// Note: This method is not concurrent-safe with inserting blocks simultaneously
// into the chain, as side effects caused by reorganisations cannot be emulated
// without the real blocks. Hence, writing headers directly should only be done
// in two scenarios: pure-header mode of operation (light clients), or properly
// separated header/block phases (non-archive clients).
func (self *BlockChain) writeHeader(header *types.Header) error {
self.wg.Add(1)
defer self.wg.Done()
// Calculate the total difficulty of the header
ptd := self.GetTd(header.ParentHash)
if ptd == nil {
return ParentError(header.ParentHash)
}
td := new(big.Int).Add(header.Difficulty, ptd)
// Make sure no inconsistent state is leaked during insertion
self.mu.Lock()
defer self.mu.Unlock()
// If the total difficulty is higher than our known, add it to the canonical chain
if td.Cmp(self.GetTd(self.currentHeader.Hash())) > 0 {
// Delete any canonical number assignments above the new head
for i := header.Number.Uint64() + 1; GetCanonicalHash(self.chainDb, i) != (common.Hash{}); i++ {
DeleteCanonicalHash(self.chainDb, i)
}
// Overwrite any stale canonical number assignments
head := self.GetHeader(header.ParentHash)
for GetCanonicalHash(self.chainDb, head.Number.Uint64()) != head.Hash() {
WriteCanonicalHash(self.chainDb, head.Hash(), head.Number.Uint64())
head = self.GetHeader(head.ParentHash)
}
// Extend the canonical chain with the new header
if err := WriteCanonicalHash(self.chainDb, header.Hash(), header.Number.Uint64()); err != nil {
glog.Fatalf("failed to insert header number: %v", err)
}
if err := WriteHeadHeaderHash(self.chainDb, header.Hash()); err != nil {
glog.Fatalf("failed to insert head header hash: %v", err)
}
self.currentHeader = types.CopyHeader(header)
}
// Irrelevant of the canonical status, write the header itself to the database
if err := WriteTd(self.chainDb, header.Hash(), td); err != nil {
glog.Fatalf("failed to write header total difficulty: %v", err)
}
if err := WriteHeader(self.chainDb, header); err != nil {
glog.Fatalf("filed to write header contents: %v", err)
}
return nil
}
// InsertHeaderChain attempts to insert the given header chain in to the local
// chain, possibly creating a reorg. If an error is returned, it will return the
// index number of the failing header as well an error describing what went wrong.
//
// The verify parameter can be used to fine tune whether nonce verification
// should be done or not. The reason behind the optional check is because some
// of the header retrieval mechanisms already need to verfy nonces, as well as
// because nonces can be verified sparsely, not needing to check each.
func (self *BlockChain) InsertHeaderChain(chain []*types.Header, checkFreq int) (int, error) {
self.wg.Add(1)
defer self.wg.Done()
// Make sure only one thread manipulates the chain at once
self.chainmu.Lock()
defer self.chainmu.Unlock()
// Collect some import statistics to report on
stats := struct{ processed, ignored int }{}
start := time.Now()
// Generate the list of headers that should be POW verified
verify := make([]bool, len(chain))
for i := 0; i < len(verify)/checkFreq; i++ {
index := i*checkFreq + self.rand.Intn(checkFreq)
if index >= len(verify) {
index = len(verify) - 1
}
verify[index] = true
}
verify[len(verify)-1] = true // Last should always be verified to avoid junk
// Create the header verification task queue and worker functions
tasks := make(chan int, len(chain))
for i := 0; i < len(chain); i++ {
tasks <- i
}
close(tasks)
errs, failed := make([]error, len(tasks)), int32(0)
process := func(worker int) {
for index := range tasks {
header, hash := chain[index], chain[index].Hash()
// Short circuit insertion if shutting down or processing failed
if atomic.LoadInt32(&self.procInterrupt) == 1 {
return
}
if atomic.LoadInt32(&failed) > 0 {
return
}
// Short circuit if the header is bad or already known
if BadHashes[hash] {
errs[index] = BadHashError(hash)
atomic.AddInt32(&failed, 1)
return
}
if self.HasHeader(hash) {
continue
}
// Verify that the header honors the chain parameters
checkPow := verify[index]
var err error
if index == 0 {
err = self.Validator().ValidateHeader(header, self.GetHeader(header.ParentHash), checkPow)
} else {
err = self.Validator().ValidateHeader(header, chain[index-1], checkPow)
}
if err != nil {
errs[index] = err
atomic.AddInt32(&failed, 1)
return
}
}
}
// Start as many worker threads as goroutines allowed
pending := new(sync.WaitGroup)
for i := 0; i < runtime.GOMAXPROCS(0); i++ {
pending.Add(1)
go func(id int) {
defer pending.Done()
process(id)
}(i)
}
pending.Wait()
// If anything failed, report
if failed > 0 {
for i, err := range errs {
if err != nil {
return i, err
}
}
}
// All headers passed verification, import them into the database
for i, header := range chain {
// Short circuit insertion if shutting down
if atomic.LoadInt32(&self.procInterrupt) == 1 {
glog.V(logger.Debug).Infoln("premature abort during header chain processing")
break
}
hash := header.Hash()
// If the header's already known, skip it, otherwise store
if self.HasHeader(hash) {
stats.ignored++
continue
}
if err := self.writeHeader(header); err != nil {
return i, err
}
stats.processed++
}
// Report some public statistics so the user has a clue what's going on
first, last := chain[0], chain[len(chain)-1]
glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("imported %d header(s) (%d ignored) in %v. #%v [%x… / %x…]", stats.processed, stats.ignored,
time.Since(start), last.Number, first.Hash().Bytes()[:4], last.Hash().Bytes()[:4])
return 0, nil
}
// Rollback is designed to remove a chain of links from the database that aren't
// certain enough to be valid.
func (self *BlockChain) Rollback(chain []common.Hash) {
self.mu.Lock()
defer self.mu.Unlock()
for i := len(chain) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
hash := chain[i]
if self.currentHeader.Hash() == hash {
self.currentHeader = self.GetHeader(self.currentHeader.ParentHash)
WriteHeadHeaderHash(self.chainDb, self.currentHeader.Hash())
}
if self.currentFastBlock.Hash() == hash {
self.currentFastBlock = self.GetBlock(self.currentFastBlock.ParentHash())
WriteHeadFastBlockHash(self.chainDb, self.currentFastBlock.Hash())
}
if self.currentBlock.Hash() == hash {
self.currentBlock = self.GetBlock(self.currentBlock.ParentHash())
WriteHeadBlockHash(self.chainDb, self.currentBlock.Hash())
}
}
}
// InsertReceiptChain attempts to complete an already existing header chain with
// transaction and receipt data.
func (self *BlockChain) InsertReceiptChain(blockChain types.Blocks, receiptChain []types.Receipts) (int, error) {
self.wg.Add(1)
defer self.wg.Done()
// Collect some import statistics to report on
stats := struct{ processed, ignored int32 }{}
start := time.Now()
// Create the block importing task queue and worker functions
tasks := make(chan int, len(blockChain))
for i := 0; i < len(blockChain) && i < len(receiptChain); i++ {
tasks <- i
}
close(tasks)
errs, failed := make([]error, len(tasks)), int32(0)
process := func(worker int) {
for index := range tasks {
block, receipts := blockChain[index], receiptChain[index]
// Short circuit insertion if shutting down or processing failed
if atomic.LoadInt32(&self.procInterrupt) == 1 {
return
}
if atomic.LoadInt32(&failed) > 0 {
return
}
// Short circuit if the owner header is unknown
if !self.HasHeader(block.Hash()) {
errs[index] = fmt.Errorf("containing header #%d [%x…] unknown", block.Number(), block.Hash().Bytes()[:4])
atomic.AddInt32(&failed, 1)
return
}
// Skip if the entire data is already known
if self.HasBlock(block.Hash()) {
atomic.AddInt32(&stats.ignored, 1)
continue
}
// Compute all the non-consensus fields of the receipts
transactions, logIndex := block.Transactions(), uint(0)
for j := 0; j < len(receipts); j++ {
// The transaction hash can be retrieved from the transaction itself
receipts[j].TxHash = transactions[j].Hash()
// The contract address can be derived from the transaction itself
if MessageCreatesContract(transactions[j]) {
from, _ := transactions[j].From()
receipts[j].ContractAddress = crypto.CreateAddress(from, transactions[j].Nonce())
}
// The used gas can be calculated based on previous receipts
if j == 0 {
receipts[j].GasUsed = new(big.Int).Set(receipts[j].CumulativeGasUsed)
} else {
receipts[j].GasUsed = new(big.Int).Sub(receipts[j].CumulativeGasUsed, receipts[j-1].CumulativeGasUsed)
}
// The derived log fields can simply be set from the block and transaction
for k := 0; k < len(receipts[j].Logs); k++ {
receipts[j].Logs[k].BlockNumber = block.NumberU64()
receipts[j].Logs[k].BlockHash = block.Hash()
receipts[j].Logs[k].TxHash = receipts[j].TxHash
receipts[j].Logs[k].TxIndex = uint(j)
receipts[j].Logs[k].Index = logIndex
logIndex++
}
}
// Write all the data out into the database
if err := WriteBody(self.chainDb, block.Hash(), &types.Body{block.Transactions(), block.Uncles()}); err != nil {
errs[index] = fmt.Errorf("failed to write block body: %v", err)
atomic.AddInt32(&failed, 1)
glog.Fatal(errs[index])
return
}
if err := WriteBlockReceipts(self.chainDb, block.Hash(), receipts); err != nil {
errs[index] = fmt.Errorf("failed to write block receipts: %v", err)
atomic.AddInt32(&failed, 1)
glog.Fatal(errs[index])
return
}
if err := WriteMipmapBloom(self.chainDb, block.NumberU64(), receipts); err != nil {
errs[index] = fmt.Errorf("failed to write log blooms: %v", err)
atomic.AddInt32(&failed, 1)
glog.Fatal(errs[index])
return
}
if err := WriteTransactions(self.chainDb, block); err != nil {
errs[index] = fmt.Errorf("failed to write individual transactions: %v", err)
atomic.AddInt32(&failed, 1)
glog.Fatal(errs[index])
return
}
if err := WriteReceipts(self.chainDb, receipts); err != nil {
errs[index] = fmt.Errorf("failed to write individual receipts: %v", err)
atomic.AddInt32(&failed, 1)
glog.Fatal(errs[index])
return
}
atomic.AddInt32(&stats.processed, 1)
}
}
// Start as many worker threads as goroutines allowed
pending := new(sync.WaitGroup)
for i := 0; i < runtime.GOMAXPROCS(0); i++ {
pending.Add(1)
go func(id int) {
defer pending.Done()
process(id)
}(i)
}
pending.Wait()
// If anything failed, report
if failed > 0 {
for i, err := range errs {
if err != nil {
return i, err
}
}
}
if atomic.LoadInt32(&self.procInterrupt) == 1 {
glog.V(logger.Debug).Infoln("premature abort during receipt chain processing")
return 0, nil
}
// Update the head fast sync block if better
self.mu.Lock()
head := blockChain[len(errs)-1]
if self.GetTd(self.currentFastBlock.Hash()).Cmp(self.GetTd(head.Hash())) < 0 {
if err := WriteHeadFastBlockHash(self.chainDb, head.Hash()); err != nil {
glog.Fatalf("failed to update head fast block hash: %v", err)
}
self.currentFastBlock = head
}
self.mu.Unlock()
// Report some public statistics so the user has a clue what's going on
first, last := blockChain[0], blockChain[len(blockChain)-1]
glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("imported %d receipt(s) (%d ignored) in %v. #%d [%x… / %x…]", stats.processed, stats.ignored,
time.Since(start), last.Number(), first.Hash().Bytes()[:4], last.Hash().Bytes()[:4])
return 0, nil
}
// WriteBlock writes the block to the chain.
func (self *BlockChain) WriteBlock(block *types.Block) (status writeStatus, err error) {
self.wg.Add(1)
defer self.wg.Done()
// Calculate the total difficulty of the block
ptd := self.GetTd(block.ParentHash())
if ptd == nil {
return NonStatTy, ParentError(block.ParentHash())
}
td := new(big.Int).Add(block.Difficulty(), ptd)
// Make sure no inconsistent state is leaked during insertion
self.mu.Lock()
defer self.mu.Unlock()
// If the total difficulty is higher than our known, add it to the canonical chain
if td.Cmp(self.GetTd(self.currentBlock.Hash())) > 0 {
// Reorganize the chain if the parent is not the head block
if block.ParentHash() != self.currentBlock.Hash() {
if err := self.reorg(self.currentBlock, block); err != nil {
return NonStatTy, err
}
}
// Insert the block as the new head of the chain
self.insert(block)
status = CanonStatTy
} else {
status = SideStatTy
}
// Irrelevant of the canonical status, write the block itself to the database
if err := WriteTd(self.chainDb, block.Hash(), td); err != nil {
glog.Fatalf("failed to write block total difficulty: %v", err)
}
if err := WriteBlock(self.chainDb, block); err != nil {
glog.Fatalf("filed to write block contents: %v", err)
}
self.futureBlocks.Remove(block.Hash())
return
}
// InsertChain will attempt to insert the given chain in to the canonical chain or, otherwise, create a fork. It an error is returned
// it will return the index number of the failing block as well an error describing what went wrong (for possible errors see core/errors.go).
func (self *BlockChain) InsertChain(chain types.Blocks) (int, error) {
self.wg.Add(1)
defer self.wg.Done()
self.chainmu.Lock()
defer self.chainmu.Unlock()
// A queued approach to delivering events. This is generally
// faster than direct delivery and requires much less mutex
// acquiring.
var (
stats struct{ queued, processed, ignored int }
events = make([]interface{}, 0, len(chain))
coalescedLogs vm.Logs
tstart = time.Now()
nonceChecked = make([]bool, len(chain))
)
// Start the parallel nonce verifier.
nonceAbort, nonceResults := verifyNoncesFromBlocks(self.pow, chain)
defer close(nonceAbort)
txcount := 0
for i, block := range chain {
if atomic.LoadInt32(&self.procInterrupt) == 1 {
glog.V(logger.Debug).Infoln("Premature abort during block chain processing")
break
}
bstart := time.Now()
// Wait for block i's nonce to be verified before processing
// its state transition.
for !nonceChecked[i] {
r := <-nonceResults
nonceChecked[r.index] = true
if !r.valid {
block := chain[r.index]
return r.index, &BlockNonceErr{Hash: block.Hash(), Number: block.Number(), Nonce: block.Nonce()}
}
}
if BadHashes[block.Hash()] {
err := BadHashError(block.Hash())
reportBlock(block, err)
return i, err
}
// Stage 1 validation of the block using the chain's validator
// interface.
err := self.Validator().ValidateBlock(block)
if err != nil {
if IsKnownBlockErr(err) {
stats.ignored++
continue
}
if err == BlockFutureErr {
// Allow up to MaxFuture second in the future blocks. If this limit
// is exceeded the chain is discarded and processed at a later time
// if given.
max := big.NewInt(time.Now().Unix() + maxTimeFutureBlocks)
if block.Time().Cmp(max) == 1 {
return i, fmt.Errorf("%v: BlockFutureErr, %v > %v", BlockFutureErr, block.Time(), max)
}
self.futureBlocks.Add(block.Hash(), block)
stats.queued++
continue
}
if IsParentErr(err) && self.futureBlocks.Contains(block.ParentHash()) {
self.futureBlocks.Add(block.Hash(), block)
stats.queued++
continue
}
reportBlock(block, err)
return i, err
}
// Create a new statedb using the parent block and report an
// error if it fails.
statedb, err := state.New(self.GetBlock(block.ParentHash()).Root(), self.chainDb)
if err != nil {
reportBlock(block, err)
return i, err
}
// Process block using the parent state as reference point.
receipts, logs, usedGas, err := self.processor.Process(block, statedb)
if err != nil {
reportBlock(block, err)
return i, err
}
// Validate the state using the default validator
err = self.Validator().ValidateState(block, self.GetBlock(block.ParentHash()), statedb, receipts, usedGas)
if err != nil {
reportBlock(block, err)
return i, err
}
// Write state changes to database
_, err = statedb.Commit()
if err != nil {
return i, err
}
// coalesce logs for later processing
coalescedLogs = append(coalescedLogs, logs...)
if err := WriteBlockReceipts(self.chainDb, block.Hash(), receipts); err != nil {
return i, err
}
txcount += len(block.Transactions())
// write the block to the chain and get the status
status, err := self.WriteBlock(block)
if err != nil {
return i, err
}
switch status {
case CanonStatTy:
if glog.V(logger.Debug) {
glog.Infof("[%v] inserted block #%d (%d TXs %v G %d UNCs) (%x...). Took %v\n", time.Now().UnixNano(), block.Number(), len(block.Transactions()), block.GasUsed(), len(block.Uncles()), block.Hash().Bytes()[0:4], time.Since(bstart))
}
events = append(events, ChainEvent{block, block.Hash(), logs})
// This puts transactions in a extra db for rpc
if err := WriteTransactions(self.chainDb, block); err != nil {
return i, err
}
// store the receipts
if err := WriteReceipts(self.chainDb, receipts); err != nil {
return i, err
}
// Write map map bloom filters
if err := WriteMipmapBloom(self.chainDb, block.NumberU64(), receipts); err != nil {
return i, err
}
case SideStatTy:
if glog.V(logger.Detail) {
glog.Infof("inserted forked block #%d (TD=%v) (%d TXs %d UNCs) (%x...). Took %v\n", block.Number(), block.Difficulty(), len(block.Transactions()), len(block.Uncles()), block.Hash().Bytes()[0:4], time.Since(bstart))
}
events = append(events, ChainSideEvent{block, logs})
case SplitStatTy:
events = append(events, ChainSplitEvent{block, logs})
}
stats.processed++
}
if (stats.queued > 0 || stats.processed > 0 || stats.ignored > 0) && bool(glog.V(logger.Info)) {
tend := time.Since(tstart)
start, end := chain[0], chain[len(chain)-1]
glog.Infof("imported %d block(s) (%d queued %d ignored) including %d txs in %v. #%v [%x / %x]\n", stats.processed, stats.queued, stats.ignored, txcount, tend, end.Number(), start.Hash().Bytes()[:4], end.Hash().Bytes()[:4])
}
go self.postChainEvents(events, coalescedLogs)
return 0, nil
}
// reorgs takes two blocks, an old chain and a new chain and will reconstruct the blocks and inserts them
// to be part of the new canonical chain and accumulates potential missing transactions and post an
// event about them
func (self *BlockChain) reorg(oldBlock, newBlock *types.Block) error {
var (
newChain types.Blocks
commonBlock *types.Block
oldStart = oldBlock
newStart = newBlock
deletedTxs types.Transactions
deletedLogs vm.Logs
// collectLogs collects the logs that were generated during the
// processing of the block that corresponds with the given hash.
// These logs are later announced as deleted.
collectLogs = func(h common.Hash) {
// Coalesce logs
receipts := GetBlockReceipts(self.chainDb, h)
for _, receipt := range receipts {
deletedLogs = append(deletedLogs, receipt.Logs...)
}
}
)
// first reduce whoever is higher bound
if oldBlock.NumberU64() > newBlock.NumberU64() {
// reduce old chain
for oldBlock = oldBlock; oldBlock != nil && oldBlock.NumberU64() != newBlock.NumberU64(); oldBlock = self.GetBlock(oldBlock.ParentHash()) {
deletedTxs = append(deletedTxs, oldBlock.Transactions()...)
collectLogs(oldBlock.Hash())
}
} else {
// reduce new chain and append new chain blocks for inserting later on
for newBlock = newBlock; newBlock != nil && newBlock.NumberU64() != oldBlock.NumberU64(); newBlock = self.GetBlock(newBlock.ParentHash()) {
newChain = append(newChain, newBlock)
}
}
if oldBlock == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Invalid old chain")
}
if newBlock == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Invalid new chain")
}
numSplit := newBlock.Number()
for {
if oldBlock.Hash() == newBlock.Hash() {
commonBlock = oldBlock
break
}
newChain = append(newChain, newBlock)
deletedTxs = append(deletedTxs, oldBlock.Transactions()...)
collectLogs(oldBlock.Hash())
oldBlock, newBlock = self.GetBlock(oldBlock.ParentHash()), self.GetBlock(newBlock.ParentHash())
if oldBlock == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Invalid old chain")
}
if newBlock == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Invalid new chain")
}
}
if glog.V(logger.Debug) {
commonHash := commonBlock.Hash()
glog.Infof("Chain split detected @ %x. Reorganising chain from #%v %x to %x", commonHash[:4], numSplit, oldStart.Hash().Bytes()[:4], newStart.Hash().Bytes()[:4])
}
var addedTxs types.Transactions
// insert blocks. Order does not matter. Last block will be written in ImportChain itself which creates the new head properly
for _, block := range newChain {
// insert the block in the canonical way, re-writing history
self.insert(block)
// write canonical receipts and transactions
if err := WriteTransactions(self.chainDb, block); err != nil {
return err
}
receipts := GetBlockReceipts(self.chainDb, block.Hash())
// write receipts
if err := WriteReceipts(self.chainDb, receipts); err != nil {
return err
}
// Write map map bloom filters
if err := WriteMipmapBloom(self.chainDb, block.NumberU64(), receipts); err != nil {
return err
}
addedTxs = append(addedTxs, block.Transactions()...)
}
// calculate the difference between deleted and added transactions
diff := types.TxDifference(deletedTxs, addedTxs)
// When transactions get deleted from the database that means the
// receipts that were created in the fork must also be deleted
for _, tx := range diff {
DeleteReceipt(self.chainDb, tx.Hash())
DeleteTransaction(self.chainDb, tx.Hash())
}
// Must be posted in a goroutine because of the transaction pool trying
// to acquire the chain manager lock
if len(diff) > 0 {
go self.eventMux.Post(RemovedTransactionEvent{diff})
}
if len(deletedLogs) > 0 {
go self.eventMux.Post(RemovedLogsEvent{deletedLogs})
}
return nil
}
// postChainEvents iterates over the events generated by a chain insertion and
// posts them into the event mux.
func (self *BlockChain) postChainEvents(events []interface{}, logs vm.Logs) {
// post event logs for further processing
self.eventMux.Post(logs)
for _, event := range events {
if event, ok := event.(ChainEvent); ok {
// We need some control over the mining operation. Acquiring locks and waiting for the miner to create new block takes too long
// and in most cases isn't even necessary.
if self.LastBlockHash() == event.Hash {
self.eventMux.Post(ChainHeadEvent{event.Block})
}
}
// Fire the insertion events individually too
self.eventMux.Post(event)
}
}
func (self *BlockChain) update() {
futureTimer := time.Tick(5 * time.Second)
for {
select {
case <-futureTimer:
self.procFutureBlocks()
case <-self.quit:
return
}
}
}
// reportBlock reports the given block and error using the canonical block
// reporting tool. Reporting the block to the service is handled in a separate
// goroutine.
func reportBlock(block *types.Block, err error) {
if glog.V(logger.Error) {
glog.Errorf("Bad block #%v (%s)\n", block.Number(), block.Hash().Hex())
glog.Errorf(" %v", err)
}
go ReportBlock(block, err)
}