cmd/geth, internal/flags, go.mod: colorize cli help, support env vars (#28103)

* cmd/geth, internal/flags, go.mod: colorize cli help, support env vars

* internal/flags: use stdout, not stderr for terminal detection

cmd/geth/main.go

@@ -244,6 +244,7 @@ func init() {
 		debug.Flags,
 		metricsFlags,
 	)
+	flags.AutoEnvVars(app.Flags, "GETH")
 
 	app.Before = func(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 		maxprocs.Set() // Automatically set GOMAXPROCS to match Linux container CPU quota.

go.mod

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/supranational/blst v0.3.11
 	github.com/syndtr/goleveldb v1.0.1-0.20210819022825-2ae1ddf74ef7
 	github.com/tyler-smith/go-bip39 v1.1.0
-	github.com/urfave/cli/v2 v2.24.1
+	github.com/urfave/cli/v2 v2.25.7
 	go.uber.org/automaxprocs v1.5.2
 	golang.org/x/crypto v0.12.0
 	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20230810033253-352e893a4cad

go.sum

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/sdk/internal v0.8.3/go.mod h1:KLF4gFr6DcKFZwSu
 github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/sdk/storage/azblob v0.3.0 h1:Px2UA+2RvSSvv+RvJNuUB6n7rs5Wsel4dXLe90Um2n4=
 github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/sdk/storage/azblob v0.3.0/go.mod h1:tPaiy8S5bQ+S5sOiDlINkp7+Ef339+Nz5L5XO+cnOHo=
 github.com/BurntSushi/toml v0.3.1/go.mod h1:xHWCNGjB5oqiDr8zfno3MHue2Ht5sIBksp03qcyfWMU=
-github.com/BurntSushi/toml v1.2.1 h1:9F2/+DoOYIOksmaJFPw1tGFy1eDnIJXg+UHjuD8lTak=
+github.com/BurntSushi/toml v1.3.2 h1:o7IhLm0Msx3BaB+n3Ag7L8EVlByGnpq14C4YWiu/gL8=
 github.com/BurntSushi/xgb v0.0.0-20160522181843-27f122750802/go.mod h1:IVnqGOEym/WlBOVXweHU+Q+/VP0lqqI8lqeDx9IjBqo=
 github.com/CloudyKit/fastprinter v0.0.0-20170127035650-74b38d55f37a/go.mod h1:EFZQ978U7x8IRnstaskI3IysnWY5Ao3QgZUKOXlsAdw=
 github.com/CloudyKit/jet v2.1.3-0.20180809161101-62edd43e4f88+incompatible/go.mod h1:HPYO+50pSWkPoj9Q/eq0aRGByCL6ScRlUmiEX5Zgm+w=
@@ -551,8 +551,8 @@ github.com/tyler-smith/go-bip39 v1.1.0/go.mod h1:gUYDtqQw1JS3ZJ8UWVcGTGqqr6YIN3C
 github.com/ugorji/go v1.1.4/go.mod h1:uQMGLiO92mf5W77hV/PUCpI3pbzQx3CRekS0kk+RGrc=
 github.com/ugorji/go/codec v0.0.0-20181204163529-d75b2dcb6bc8/go.mod h1:VFNgLljTbGfSG7qAOspJ7OScBnGdDN/yBr0sguwnwf0=
 github.com/urfave/cli/v2 v2.3.0/go.mod h1:LJmUH05zAU44vOAcrfzZQKsZbVcdbOG8rtL3/XcUArI=
-github.com/urfave/cli/v2 v2.24.1 h1:/QYYr7g0EhwXEML8jO+8OYt5trPnLHS0p3mrgExJ5NU=
+github.com/urfave/cli/v2 v2.25.7 h1:VAzn5oq403l5pHjc4OhD54+XGO9cdKVL/7lDjF+iKUs=
-github.com/urfave/cli/v2 v2.24.1/go.mod h1:GHupkWPMM0M/sj1a2b4wUrWBPzazNrIjouW6fmdJLxc=
+github.com/urfave/cli/v2 v2.25.7/go.mod h1:8qnjx1vcq5s2/wpsqoZFndg2CE5tNFyrTvS6SinrnYQ=
 github.com/urfave/negroni v1.0.0/go.mod h1:Meg73S6kFm/4PpbYdq35yYWoCZ9mS/YSx+lKnmiohz4=
 github.com/valyala/bytebufferpool v1.0.0/go.mod h1:6bBcMArwyJ5K/AmCkWv1jt77kVWyCJ6HpOuEn7z0Csc=
 github.com/valyala/fasthttp v1.6.0/go.mod h1:FstJa9V+Pj9vQ7OJie2qMHdwemEDaDiSdBnvPM1Su9w=

internal/flags/flags.go

@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ type DirectoryFlag struct {
 	Value DirectoryString
 
 	Aliases []string
+	EnvVars []string
 }
 
 // For cli.Flag:
@@ -102,7 +103,7 @@ func (f *DirectoryFlag) GetCategory() string { return f.Category }
 func (f *DirectoryFlag) TakesValue() bool     { return true }
 func (f *DirectoryFlag) GetUsage() string     { return f.Usage }
 func (f *DirectoryFlag) GetValue() string     { return f.Value.String() }
-func (f *DirectoryFlag) GetEnvVars() []string { return nil } // env not supported
+func (f *DirectoryFlag) GetEnvVars() []string { return f.EnvVars }
 
 func (f *DirectoryFlag) GetDefaultText() string {
 	if f.DefaultText != "" {
@@ -156,6 +157,7 @@ type TextMarshalerFlag struct {
 	Value TextMarshaler
 
 	Aliases []string
+	EnvVars []string
 }
 
 // For cli.Flag:
@@ -187,7 +189,7 @@ func (f *TextMarshalerFlag) GetCategory() string { return f.Category }
 
 func (f *TextMarshalerFlag) TakesValue() bool     { return true }
 func (f *TextMarshalerFlag) GetUsage() string     { return f.Usage }
-func (f *TextMarshalerFlag) GetEnvVars() []string { return nil } // env not supported
+func (f *TextMarshalerFlag) GetEnvVars() []string { return f.EnvVars }
 
 func (f *TextMarshalerFlag) GetValue() string {
 	t, err := f.Value.MarshalText()
@@ -237,6 +239,7 @@ type BigFlag struct {
 	Value *big.Int
 
 	Aliases []string
+	EnvVars []string
 }
 
 // For cli.Flag:
@@ -271,7 +274,7 @@ func (f *BigFlag) GetCategory() string { return f.Category }
 func (f *BigFlag) TakesValue() bool     { return true }
 func (f *BigFlag) GetUsage() string     { return f.Usage }
 func (f *BigFlag) GetValue() string     { return f.Value.String() }
-func (f *BigFlag) GetEnvVars() []string { return nil } // env not supported
+func (f *BigFlag) GetEnvVars() []string { return f.EnvVars }
 
 func (f *BigFlag) GetDefaultText() string {
 	if f.DefaultText != "" {

internal/flags/helpers.go

@@ -18,13 +18,20 @@ package flags
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"regexp"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/internal/version"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
+	"github.com/mattn/go-isatty"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
 )
 
+// usecolor defines whether the CLI help should use colored output or normal dumb
+// colorless terminal formatting.
+var usecolor = (isatty.IsTerminal(os.Stdout.Fd()) || isatty.IsCygwinTerminal(os.Stdout.Fd())) && os.Getenv("TERM") != "dumb"
+
 // NewApp creates an app with sane defaults.
 func NewApp(usage string) *cli.App {
 	git, _ := version.VCS()
@@ -129,6 +136,14 @@ func doMigrateFlags(ctx *cli.Context) {
 }
 
 func init() {
+	if usecolor {
+		// Annotate all help categories with colors
+		cli.AppHelpTemplate = regexp.MustCompile("[A-Z ]+:").ReplaceAllString(cli.AppHelpTemplate, "\u001B[33m$0\u001B[0m")
+
+		// Annotate flag categories with colors (private template, so need to
+		// copy-paste the entire thing here...)
+		cli.AppHelpTemplate = strings.ReplaceAll(cli.AppHelpTemplate, "{{template \"visibleFlagCategoryTemplate\" .}}", "{{range .VisibleFlagCategories}}\n   {{if .Name}}\u001B[33m{{.Name}}\u001B[0m\n\n   {{end}}{{$flglen := len .Flags}}{{range $i, $e := .Flags}}{{if eq (subtract $flglen $i) 1}}{{$e}}\n{{else}}{{$e}}\n   {{end}}{{end}}{{end}}")
+	}
 	cli.FlagStringer = FlagString
 }
 
@@ -138,30 +153,31 @@ func FlagString(f cli.Flag) string {
 	if !ok {
 		return ""
 	}
-
 	needsPlaceholder := df.TakesValue()
 	placeholder := ""
 	if needsPlaceholder {
 		placeholder = "value"
 	}
 
-	namesText := pad(cli.FlagNamePrefixer(df.Names(), placeholder), 30)
+	namesText := cli.FlagNamePrefixer(df.Names(), placeholder)
 
 	defaultValueString := ""
 	if s := df.GetDefaultText(); s != "" {
 		defaultValueString = " (default: " + s + ")"
 	}
-
-	usage := strings.TrimSpace(df.GetUsage())
 	envHint := strings.TrimSpace(cli.FlagEnvHinter(df.GetEnvVars(), ""))
-	if len(envHint) > 0 {
+	if envHint != "" {
-		usage += " " + envHint
+		envHint = " (" + envHint[1:len(envHint)-1] + ")"
 	}
-
+	usage := strings.TrimSpace(df.GetUsage())
 	usage = wordWrap(usage, 80)
 	usage = indent(usage, 10)
 
-	return fmt.Sprintf("\n    %s%s\n%s", namesText, defaultValueString, usage)
+	if usecolor {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("\n    \u001B[32m%-35s%-35s\u001B[0m%s\n%s", namesText, defaultValueString, envHint, usage)
+	} else {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("\n    %-35s%-35s%s\n%s", namesText, defaultValueString, envHint, usage)
+	}
 }
 
 func pad(s string, length int) string {
@@ -213,3 +229,44 @@ func wordWrap(s string, width int) string {
 
 	return output.String()
 }
+
+// AutoEnvVars extens all the specific CLI flags with automatically generated
+// env vars by capitalizing the flag, replacing . with _ and prefixing it with
+// the specified string.
+//
+// Note, the prefix should *not* contain the separator underscore, that will be
+// added automatically.
+func AutoEnvVars(flags []cli.Flag, prefix string) {
+	for _, flag := range flags {
+		envvar := strings.ToUpper(prefix + "_" + strings.ReplaceAll(strings.ReplaceAll(flag.Names()[0], ".", "_"), "-", "_"))
+
+		switch flag := flag.(type) {
+		case *cli.StringFlag:
+			flag.EnvVars = append(flag.EnvVars, envvar)
+
+		case *cli.BoolFlag:
+			flag.EnvVars = append(flag.EnvVars, envvar)
+
+		case *cli.IntFlag:
+			flag.EnvVars = append(flag.EnvVars, envvar)
+
+		case *cli.Uint64Flag:
+			flag.EnvVars = append(flag.EnvVars, envvar)
+
+		case *cli.DurationFlag:
+			flag.EnvVars = append(flag.EnvVars, envvar)
+
+		case *cli.PathFlag:
+			flag.EnvVars = append(flag.EnvVars, envvar)
+
+		case *BigFlag:
+			flag.EnvVars = append(flag.EnvVars, envvar)
+
+		case *TextMarshalerFlag:
+			flag.EnvVars = append(flag.EnvVars, envvar)
+
+		case *DirectoryFlag:
+			flag.EnvVars = append(flag.EnvVars, envvar)
+		}
+	}
+}