cmd, core, eth, miner: remove txpool gas price limits (#14442)

This commit is contained in:
Péter Szilágyi 2017-05-16 22:07:27 +03:00 committed by Felix Lange
parent e20158176d
commit a2f23ca9b1
11 changed files with 619 additions and 178 deletions

View File

@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ var (
GasPriceFlag = BigFlag{
Name: "gasprice",
Usage: "Minimal gas price to accept for mining a transactions",
Value: big.NewInt(20 * params.Shannon),
Value: eth.DefaultConfig.GasPrice,
}
ExtraDataFlag = cli.StringFlag{
Name: "extradata",

View File

@ -17,8 +17,6 @@
package core
import (
"math/big"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
)
@ -67,8 +65,6 @@ type ChainUncleEvent struct {
type ChainHeadEvent struct{ Block *types.Block }
type GasPriceChanged struct{ Price *big.Int }
// Mining operation events
type StartMining struct{}
type TopMining struct{}

View File

@ -22,7 +22,9 @@ import (
"math/big"
"sort"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
)
// nonceHeap is a heap.Interface implementation over 64bit unsigned integers for
@ -53,11 +55,11 @@ type txSortedMap struct {
cache types.Transactions // Cache of the transactions already sorted
}
// newTxSortedMap creates a new sorted transaction map.
// newTxSortedMap creates a new nonce-sorted transaction map.
func newTxSortedMap() *txSortedMap {
return &txSortedMap{
items: make(map[uint64]*types.Transaction),
index: &nonceHeap{},
index: new(nonceHeap),
}
}
@ -233,6 +235,12 @@ func newTxList(strict bool) *txList {
}
}
// Overlaps returns whether the transaction specified has the same nonce as one
// already contained within the list.
func (l *txList) Overlaps(tx *types.Transaction) bool {
return l.txs.Get(tx.Nonce()) != nil
}
// Add tries to insert a new transaction into the list, returning whether the
// transaction was accepted, and if yes, any previous transaction it replaced.
//
@ -241,9 +249,12 @@ func newTxList(strict bool) *txList {
func (l *txList) Add(tx *types.Transaction) (bool, *types.Transaction) {
// If there's an older better transaction, abort
old := l.txs.Get(tx.Nonce())
if old != nil && old.GasPrice().Cmp(tx.GasPrice()) >= 0 {
if old != nil {
threshold := new(big.Int).Div(new(big.Int).Mul(old.GasPrice(), big.NewInt(100+minPriceBumpPercent)), big.NewInt(100))
if threshold.Cmp(tx.GasPrice()) >= 0 {
return false, nil
}
}
// Otherwise overwrite the old transaction with the current one
l.txs.Put(tx)
if cost := tx.Cost(); l.costcap.Cmp(cost) < 0 {
@ -340,3 +351,150 @@ func (l *txList) Empty() bool {
func (l *txList) Flatten() types.Transactions {
return l.txs.Flatten()
}
// priceHeap is a heap.Interface implementation over transactions for retrieving
// price-sorted transactions to discard when the pool fills up.
type priceHeap []*types.Transaction
func (h priceHeap) Len() int { return len(h) }
func (h priceHeap) Less(i, j int) bool { return h[i].GasPrice().Cmp(h[j].GasPrice()) < 0 }
func (h priceHeap) Swap(i, j int) { h[i], h[j] = h[j], h[i] }
func (h *priceHeap) Push(x interface{}) {
*h = append(*h, x.(*types.Transaction))
}
func (h *priceHeap) Pop() interface{} {
old := *h
n := len(old)
x := old[n-1]
*h = old[0 : n-1]
return x
}
// txPricedList is a price-sorted heap to allow operating on transactions pool
// contents in a price-incrementing way.
type txPricedList struct {
all *map[common.Hash]*types.Transaction // Pointer to the map of all transactions
items *priceHeap // Heap of prices of all the stored transactions
stales int // Number of stale price points to (re-heap trigger)
}
// newTxPricedList creates a new price-sorted transaction heap.
func newTxPricedList(all *map[common.Hash]*types.Transaction) *txPricedList {
return &txPricedList{
all: all,
items: new(priceHeap),
}
}
// Put inserts a new transaction into the heap.
func (l *txPricedList) Put(tx *types.Transaction) {
heap.Push(l.items, tx)
}
// Removed notifies the prices transaction list that an old transaction dropped
// from the pool. The list will just keep a counter of stale objects and update
// the heap if a large enough ratio of transactions go stale.
func (l *txPricedList) Removed() {
// Bump the stale counter, but exit if still too low (< 25%)
l.stales++
if l.stales <= len(*l.items)/4 {
return
}
// Seems we've reached a critical number of stale transactions, reheap
reheap := make(priceHeap, 0, len(*l.all))
l.stales, l.items = 0, &reheap
for _, tx := range *l.all {
*l.items = append(*l.items, tx)
}
heap.Init(l.items)
}
// Discard finds all the transactions below the given price threshold, drops them
// from the priced list and returs them for further removal from the entire pool.
func (l *txPricedList) Cap(threshold *big.Int, local *txSet) types.Transactions {
drop := make(types.Transactions, 0, 128) // Remote underpriced transactions to drop
save := make(types.Transactions, 0, 64) // Local underpriced transactions to keep
for len(*l.items) > 0 {
// Discard stale transactions if found during cleanup
tx := heap.Pop(l.items).(*types.Transaction)
hash := tx.Hash()
if _, ok := (*l.all)[hash]; !ok {
l.stales--
continue
}
// Stop the discards if we've reached the threshold
if tx.GasPrice().Cmp(threshold) >= 0 {
break
}
// Non stale transaction found, discard unless local
if local.contains(hash) {
save = append(save, tx)
} else {
drop = append(drop, tx)
}
}
for _, tx := range save {
heap.Push(l.items, tx)
}
return drop
}
// Underpriced checks whether a transaction is cheaper than (or as cheap as) the
// lowest priced transaction currently being tracked.
func (l *txPricedList) Underpriced(tx *types.Transaction, local *txSet) bool {
// Local transactions cannot be underpriced
if local.contains(tx.Hash()) {
return false
}
// Discard stale price points if found at the heap start
for len(*l.items) > 0 {
head := []*types.Transaction(*l.items)[0]
if _, ok := (*l.all)[head.Hash()]; !ok {
l.stales--
heap.Pop(l.items)
continue
}
break
}
// Check if the transaction is underpriced or not
if len(*l.items) == 0 {
log.Error("Pricing query for empty pool") // This cannot happen, print to catch programming errors
return false
}
cheapest := []*types.Transaction(*l.items)[0]
return cheapest.GasPrice().Cmp(tx.GasPrice()) >= 0
}
// Discard finds a number of most underpriced transactions, removes them from the
// priced list and returs them for further removal from the entire pool.
func (l *txPricedList) Discard(count int, local *txSet) types.Transactions {
drop := make(types.Transactions, 0, count) // Remote underpriced transactions to drop
save := make(types.Transactions, 0, 64) // Local underpriced transactions to keep
for len(*l.items) > 0 && count > 0 {
// Discard stale transactions if found during cleanup
tx := heap.Pop(l.items).(*types.Transaction)
hash := tx.Hash()
if _, ok := (*l.all)[hash]; !ok {
l.stales--
continue
}
// Non stale transaction found, discard unless local
if local.contains(hash) {
save = append(save, tx)
} else {
drop = append(drop, tx)
count--
}
}
for _, tx := range save {
heap.Push(l.items, tx)
}
return drop
}

View File

@ -36,23 +36,26 @@ import (
var (
// Transaction Pool Errors
ErrInvalidSender = errors.New("Invalid sender")
ErrNonce = errors.New("Nonce too low")
ErrCheap = errors.New("Gas price too low for acceptance")
ErrBalance = errors.New("Insufficient balance")
ErrInsufficientFunds = errors.New("Insufficient funds for gas * price + value")
ErrIntrinsicGas = errors.New("Intrinsic gas too low")
ErrGasLimit = errors.New("Exceeds block gas limit")
ErrNegativeValue = errors.New("Negative value")
ErrInvalidSender = errors.New("invalid sender")
ErrNonce = errors.New("nonce too low")
ErrUnderpriced = errors.New("transaction underpriced")
ErrReplaceUnderpriced = errors.New("replacement transaction underpriced")
ErrBalance = errors.New("insufficient balance")
ErrInsufficientFunds = errors.New("insufficient funds for gas * price + value")
ErrIntrinsicGas = errors.New("intrinsic gas too low")
ErrGasLimit = errors.New("exceeds block gas limit")
ErrNegativeValue = errors.New("negative value")
)
var (
minPendingPerAccount = uint64(16) // Min number of guaranteed transaction slots per address
maxPendingTotal = uint64(4096) // Max limit of pending transactions from all accounts (soft)
maxQueuedPerAccount = uint64(64) // Max limit of queued transactions per address
maxQueuedInTotal = uint64(1024) // Max limit of queued transactions from all accounts
maxQueuedTotal = uint64(1024) // Max limit of queued transactions from all accounts
maxQueuedLifetime = 3 * time.Hour // Max amount of time transactions from idle accounts are queued
minPriceBumpPercent = int64(10) // Minimum price bump needed to replace an old transaction
evictionInterval = time.Minute // Time interval to check for evictable transactions
statsReportInterval = 8 * time.Second // Time interval to report transaction pool stats
)
var (
@ -70,6 +73,7 @@ var (
// General tx metrics
invalidTxCounter = metrics.NewCounter("txpool/invalid")
underpricedTxCounter = metrics.NewCounter("txpool/underpriced")
)
type stateFn func() (*state.StateDB, error)
@ -86,17 +90,18 @@ type TxPool struct {
currentState stateFn // The state function which will allow us to do some pre checks
pendingState *state.ManagedState
gasLimit func() *big.Int // The current gas limit function callback
minGasPrice *big.Int
gasPrice *big.Int
eventMux *event.TypeMux
events *event.TypeMuxSubscription
localTx *txSet
locals *txSet
signer types.Signer
mu sync.RWMutex
pending map[common.Address]*txList // All currently processable transactions
queue map[common.Address]*txList // Queued but non-processable transactions
all map[common.Hash]*types.Transaction // All transactions to allow lookups
beats map[common.Address]time.Time // Last heartbeat from each known account
all map[common.Hash]*types.Transaction // All transactions to allow lookups
priced *txPricedList // All transactions sorted by price
wg sync.WaitGroup // for shutdown sync
quit chan struct{}
@ -110,18 +115,18 @@ func NewTxPool(config *params.ChainConfig, eventMux *event.TypeMux, currentState
signer: types.NewEIP155Signer(config.ChainId),
pending: make(map[common.Address]*txList),
queue: make(map[common.Address]*txList),
all: make(map[common.Hash]*types.Transaction),
beats: make(map[common.Address]time.Time),
all: make(map[common.Hash]*types.Transaction),
eventMux: eventMux,
currentState: currentStateFn,
gasLimit: gasLimitFn,
minGasPrice: new(big.Int),
gasPrice: big.NewInt(1),
pendingState: nil,
localTx: newTxSet(),
events: eventMux.Subscribe(ChainHeadEvent{}, GasPriceChanged{}, RemovedTransactionEvent{}),
locals: newTxSet(),
events: eventMux.Subscribe(ChainHeadEvent{}, RemovedTransactionEvent{}),
quit: make(chan struct{}),
}
pool.priced = newTxPricedList(&pool.all)
pool.resetState()
pool.wg.Add(2)
@ -134,10 +139,22 @@ func NewTxPool(config *params.ChainConfig, eventMux *event.TypeMux, currentState
func (pool *TxPool) eventLoop() {
defer pool.wg.Done()
// Start a ticker and keep track of interesting pool stats to report
var prevPending, prevQueued, prevStales int
report := time.NewTicker(statsReportInterval)
defer report.Stop()
// Track chain events. When a chain events occurs (new chain canon block)
// we need to know the new state. The new state will help us determine
// the nonces in the managed state
for ev := range pool.events.Chan() {
for {
select {
// Handle any events fired by the system
case ev, ok := <-pool.events.Chan():
if !ok {
return
}
switch ev := ev.Data.(type) {
case ChainHeadEvent:
pool.mu.Lock()
@ -146,16 +163,25 @@ func (pool *TxPool) eventLoop() {
pool.homestead = true
}
}
pool.resetState()
pool.mu.Unlock()
case GasPriceChanged:
pool.mu.Lock()
pool.minGasPrice = ev.Price
pool.mu.Unlock()
case RemovedTransactionEvent:
pool.AddBatch(ev.Txs)
}
// Handle stats reporting ticks
case <-report.C:
pool.mu.RLock()
pending, queued := pool.stats()
stales := pool.priced.stales
pool.mu.RUnlock()
if pending != prevPending || queued != prevQueued || stales != prevStales {
log.Debug("Transaction pool status report", "executable", pending, "queued", queued, "stales", stales)
prevPending, prevQueued, prevStales = pending, queued, stales
}
}
}
}
@ -191,6 +217,27 @@ func (pool *TxPool) Stop() {
log.Info("Transaction pool stopped")
}
// GasPrice returns the current gas price enforced by the transaction pool.
func (pool *TxPool) GasPrice() *big.Int {
pool.mu.RLock()
defer pool.mu.RUnlock()
return new(big.Int).Set(pool.gasPrice)
}
// SetGasPrice updates the minimum price required by the transaction pool for a
// new transaction, and drops all transactions below this threshold.
func (pool *TxPool) SetGasPrice(price *big.Int) {
pool.mu.Lock()
defer pool.mu.Unlock()
pool.gasPrice = price
for _, tx := range pool.priced.Cap(price, pool.locals) {
pool.removeTx(tx.Hash())
}
log.Info("Transaction pool price threshold updated", "price", price)
}
func (pool *TxPool) State() *state.ManagedState {
pool.mu.RLock()
defer pool.mu.RUnlock()
@ -200,17 +247,25 @@ func (pool *TxPool) State() *state.ManagedState {
// Stats retrieves the current pool stats, namely the number of pending and the
// number of queued (non-executable) transactions.
func (pool *TxPool) Stats() (pending int, queued int) {
func (pool *TxPool) Stats() (int, int) {
pool.mu.RLock()
defer pool.mu.RUnlock()
return pool.stats()
}
// stats retrieves the current pool stats, namely the number of pending and the
// number of queued (non-executable) transactions.
func (pool *TxPool) stats() (int, int) {
pending := 0
for _, list := range pool.pending {
pending += list.Len()
}
queued := 0
for _, list := range pool.queue {
queued += list.Len()
}
return
return pending, queued
}
// Content retrieves the data content of the transaction pool, returning all the
@ -260,16 +315,16 @@ func (pool *TxPool) Pending() (map[common.Address]types.Transactions, error) {
func (pool *TxPool) SetLocal(tx *types.Transaction) {
pool.mu.Lock()
defer pool.mu.Unlock()
pool.localTx.add(tx.Hash())
pool.locals.add(tx.Hash())
}
// validateTx checks whether a transaction is valid according
// to the consensus rules.
func (pool *TxPool) validateTx(tx *types.Transaction) error {
local := pool.localTx.contains(tx.Hash())
local := pool.locals.contains(tx.Hash())
// Drop transactions under our own minimal accepted gas price
if !local && pool.minGasPrice.Cmp(tx.GasPrice()) > 0 {
return ErrCheap
if !local && pool.gasPrice.Cmp(tx.GasPrice()) > 0 {
return ErrUnderpriced
}
currentState, err := pool.currentState()
@ -314,31 +369,72 @@ func (pool *TxPool) validateTx(tx *types.Transaction) error {
}
// add validates a transaction and inserts it into the non-executable queue for
// later pending promotion and execution.
func (pool *TxPool) add(tx *types.Transaction) error {
// later pending promotion and execution. If the transaction is a replacement for
// an already pending or queued one, it overwrites the previous and returns this
// so outer code doesn't uselessly call promote.
func (pool *TxPool) add(tx *types.Transaction) (bool, error) {
// If the transaction is already known, discard it
hash := tx.Hash()
if pool.all[hash] != nil {
log.Trace("Discarding already known transaction", "hash", hash)
return fmt.Errorf("known transaction: %x", hash)
return false, fmt.Errorf("known transaction: %x", hash)
}
// Otherwise ensure basic validation passes and queue it up
// If the transaction fails basic validation, discard it
if err := pool.validateTx(tx); err != nil {
log.Trace("Discarding invalid transaction", "hash", hash, "err", err)
invalidTxCounter.Inc(1)
return err
return false, err
}
pool.enqueueTx(hash, tx)
// If the transaction pool is full, discard underpriced transactions
if uint64(len(pool.all)) >= maxPendingTotal+maxQueuedTotal {
// If the new transaction is underpriced, don't accept it
if pool.priced.Underpriced(tx, pool.locals) {
log.Trace("Discarding underpriced transaction", "hash", hash, "price", tx.GasPrice())
underpricedTxCounter.Inc(1)
return false, ErrUnderpriced
}
// New transaction is better than our worse ones, make room for it
drop := pool.priced.Discard(len(pool.all)-int(maxPendingTotal+maxQueuedTotal-1), pool.locals)
for _, tx := range drop {
log.Trace("Discarding freshly underpriced transaction", "hash", tx.Hash(), "price", tx.GasPrice())
underpricedTxCounter.Inc(1)
pool.removeTx(tx.Hash())
}
}
// If the transaction is replacing an already pending one, do directly
from, _ := types.Sender(pool.signer, tx) // already validated
if list := pool.pending[from]; list != nil && list.Overlaps(tx) {
// Nonce already pending, check if required price bump is met
inserted, old := list.Add(tx)
if !inserted {
pendingDiscardCounter.Inc(1)
return false, ErrReplaceUnderpriced
}
// New transaction is better, replace old one
if old != nil {
delete(pool.all, old.Hash())
pool.priced.Removed()
pendingReplaceCounter.Inc(1)
}
pool.all[tx.Hash()] = tx
pool.priced.Put(tx)
// Print a log message if low enough level is set
log.Debug("Pooled new transaction", "hash", hash, "from", log.Lazy{Fn: func() common.Address { from, _ := types.Sender(pool.signer, tx); return from }}, "to", tx.To())
return nil
log.Trace("Pooled new executable transaction", "hash", hash, "from", from, "to", tx.To())
return old != nil, nil
}
// New transaction isn't replacing a pending one, push into queue
replace, err := pool.enqueueTx(hash, tx)
if err != nil {
return false, err
}
log.Trace("Pooled new future transaction", "hash", hash, "from", from, "to", tx.To())
return replace, nil
}
// enqueueTx inserts a new transaction into the non-executable transaction queue.
//
// Note, this method assumes the pool lock is held!
func (pool *TxPool) enqueueTx(hash common.Hash, tx *types.Transaction) {
func (pool *TxPool) enqueueTx(hash common.Hash, tx *types.Transaction) (bool, error) {
// Try to insert the transaction into the future queue
from, _ := types.Sender(pool.signer, tx) // already validated
if pool.queue[from] == nil {
@ -346,15 +442,19 @@ func (pool *TxPool) enqueueTx(hash common.Hash, tx *types.Transaction) {
}
inserted, old := pool.queue[from].Add(tx)
if !inserted {
// An older transaction was better, discard this
queuedDiscardCounter.Inc(1)
return // An older transaction was better, discard this
return false, ErrReplaceUnderpriced
}
// Discard any previous transaction and mark this
if old != nil {
delete(pool.all, old.Hash())
pool.priced.Removed()
queuedReplaceCounter.Inc(1)
}
pool.all[hash] = tx
pool.priced.Put(tx)
return old != nil, nil
}
// promoteTx adds a transaction to the pending (processable) list of transactions.
@ -371,16 +471,23 @@ func (pool *TxPool) promoteTx(addr common.Address, hash common.Hash, tx *types.T
if !inserted {
// An older transaction was better, discard this
delete(pool.all, hash)
pool.priced.Removed()
pendingDiscardCounter.Inc(1)
return
}
// Otherwise discard any previous transaction and mark this
if old != nil {
delete(pool.all, old.Hash())
pool.priced.Removed()
pendingReplaceCounter.Inc(1)
}
pool.all[hash] = tx // Failsafe to work around direct pending inserts (tests)
// Failsafe to work around direct pending inserts (tests)
if pool.all[hash] == nil {
pool.all[hash] = tx
pool.priced.Put(tx)
}
// Set the potentially new pending nonce and notify any subsystems of the new tx
pool.beats[addr] = time.Now()
pool.pendingState.SetNonce(addr, tx.Nonce()+1)
@ -392,16 +499,19 @@ func (pool *TxPool) Add(tx *types.Transaction) error {
pool.mu.Lock()
defer pool.mu.Unlock()
if err := pool.add(tx); err != nil {
// Try to inject the transaction and update any state
replace, err := pool.add(tx)
if err != nil {
return err
}
state, err := pool.currentState()
if err != nil {
return err
}
// If we added a new transaction, run promotion checks and return
if !replace {
pool.promoteExecutables(state)
}
return nil
}
@ -411,10 +521,13 @@ func (pool *TxPool) AddBatch(txs []*types.Transaction) error {
defer pool.mu.Unlock()
// Add the batch of transaction, tracking the accepted ones
added := 0
replaced, added := true, 0
for _, tx := range txs {
if err := pool.add(tx); err == nil {
if replace, err := pool.add(tx); err == nil {
added++
if !replace {
replaced = false
}
}
}
// Only reprocess the internal state if something was actually added
@ -423,8 +536,10 @@ func (pool *TxPool) AddBatch(txs []*types.Transaction) error {
if err != nil {
return err
}
if !replaced {
pool.promoteExecutables(state)
}
}
return nil
}
@ -467,6 +582,7 @@ func (pool *TxPool) removeTx(hash common.Hash) {
// Remove it from the list of known transactions
delete(pool.all, hash)
pool.priced.Removed()
// Remove the transaction from the pending lists and reset the account nonce
if pending := pool.pending[addr]; pending != nil {
@ -506,28 +622,31 @@ func (pool *TxPool) promoteExecutables(state *state.StateDB) {
// Drop all transactions that are deemed too old (low nonce)
for _, tx := range list.Forward(state.GetNonce(addr)) {
hash := tx.Hash()
log.Debug("Removed old queued transaction", "hash", hash)
log.Trace("Removed old queued transaction", "hash", hash)
delete(pool.all, hash)
pool.priced.Removed()
}
// Drop all transactions that are too costly (low balance)
drops, _ := list.Filter(state.GetBalance(addr))
for _, tx := range drops {
hash := tx.Hash()
log.Debug("Removed unpayable queued transaction", "hash", hash)
log.Trace("Removed unpayable queued transaction", "hash", hash)
delete(pool.all, hash)
pool.priced.Removed()
queuedNofundsCounter.Inc(1)
}
// Gather all executable transactions and promote them
for _, tx := range list.Ready(pool.pendingState.GetNonce(addr)) {
hash := tx.Hash()
log.Debug("Promoting queued transaction", "hash", hash)
log.Trace("Promoting queued transaction", "hash", hash)
pool.promoteTx(addr, hash, tx)
}
// Drop all transactions over the allowed limit
for _, tx := range list.Cap(int(maxQueuedPerAccount)) {
hash := tx.Hash()
log.Debug("Removed cap-exceeding queued transaction", "hash", hash)
log.Trace("Removed cap-exceeding queued transaction", "hash", hash)
delete(pool.all, hash)
pool.priced.Removed()
queuedRLCounter.Inc(1)
}
queued += uint64(list.Len())
@ -551,7 +670,7 @@ func (pool *TxPool) promoteExecutables(state *state.StateDB) {
if uint64(list.Len()) > minPendingPerAccount {
// Skip local accounts as pools should maintain backlogs for themselves
for _, tx := range list.txs.items {
if !pool.localTx.contains(tx.Hash()) {
if !pool.locals.contains(tx.Hash()) {
spammers.Push(addr, float32(list.Len()))
}
break // Checking on transaction for locality is enough
@ -593,7 +712,7 @@ func (pool *TxPool) promoteExecutables(state *state.StateDB) {
pendingRLCounter.Inc(int64(pendingBeforeCap - pending))
}
// If we've queued more transactions than the hard limit, drop oldest ones
if queued > maxQueuedInTotal {
if queued > maxQueuedTotal {
// Sort all accounts with queued transactions by heartbeat
addresses := make(addresssByHeartbeat, 0, len(pool.queue))
for addr := range pool.queue {
@ -602,7 +721,7 @@ func (pool *TxPool) promoteExecutables(state *state.StateDB) {
sort.Sort(addresses)
// Drop transactions until the total is below the limit
for drop := queued - maxQueuedInTotal; drop > 0; {
for drop := queued - maxQueuedTotal; drop > 0; {
addr := addresses[len(addresses)-1]
list := pool.queue[addr.address]
@ -639,20 +758,22 @@ func (pool *TxPool) demoteUnexecutables(state *state.StateDB) {
// Drop all transactions that are deemed too old (low nonce)
for _, tx := range list.Forward(nonce) {
hash := tx.Hash()
log.Debug("Removed old pending transaction", "hash", hash)
log.Trace("Removed old pending transaction", "hash", hash)
delete(pool.all, hash)
pool.priced.Removed()
}
// Drop all transactions that are too costly (low balance), and queue any invalids back for later
drops, invalids := list.Filter(state.GetBalance(addr))
for _, tx := range drops {
hash := tx.Hash()
log.Debug("Removed unpayable pending transaction", "hash", hash)
log.Trace("Removed unpayable pending transaction", "hash", hash)
delete(pool.all, hash)
pool.priced.Removed()
pendingNofundsCounter.Inc(1)
}
for _, tx := range invalids {
hash := tx.Hash()
log.Debug("Demoting pending transaction", "hash", hash)
log.Trace("Demoting pending transaction", "hash", hash)
pool.enqueueTx(hash, tx)
}
// Delete the entire queue entry if it became empty.

View File

@ -33,7 +33,11 @@ import (
)
func transaction(nonce uint64, gaslimit *big.Int, key *ecdsa.PrivateKey) *types.Transaction {
tx, _ := types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(nonce, common.Address{}, big.NewInt(100), gaslimit, big.NewInt(1), nil), types.HomesteadSigner{}, key)
return pricedTransaction(nonce, gaslimit, big.NewInt(1), key)
}
func pricedTransaction(nonce uint64, gaslimit, gasprice *big.Int, key *ecdsa.PrivateKey) *types.Transaction {
tx, _ := types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(nonce, common.Address{}, big.NewInt(100), gaslimit, gasprice, nil), types.HomesteadSigner{}, key)
return tx
}
@ -151,9 +155,9 @@ func TestInvalidTransactions(t *testing.T) {
}
tx = transaction(1, big.NewInt(100000), key)
pool.minGasPrice = big.NewInt(1000)
if err := pool.Add(tx); err != ErrCheap {
t.Error("expected", ErrCheap, "got", err)
pool.gasPrice = big.NewInt(1000)
if err := pool.Add(tx); err != ErrUnderpriced {
t.Error("expected", ErrUnderpriced, "got", err)
}
pool.SetLocal(tx)
@ -262,14 +266,14 @@ func TestTransactionChainFork(t *testing.T) {
resetState()
tx := transaction(0, big.NewInt(100000), key)
if err := pool.add(tx); err != nil {
if _, err := pool.add(tx); err != nil {
t.Error("didn't expect error", err)
}
pool.RemoveBatch([]*types.Transaction{tx})
// reset the pool's internal state
resetState()
if err := pool.add(tx); err != nil {
if _, err := pool.add(tx); err != nil {
t.Error("didn't expect error", err)
}
}
@ -293,11 +297,11 @@ func TestTransactionDoubleNonce(t *testing.T) {
tx3, _ := types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(0, common.Address{}, big.NewInt(100), big.NewInt(1000000), big.NewInt(1), nil), signer, key)
// Add the first two transaction, ensure higher priced stays only
if err := pool.add(tx1); err != nil {
t.Error("didn't expect error", err)
if replace, err := pool.add(tx1); err != nil || replace {
t.Errorf("first transaction insert failed (%v) or reported replacement (%v)", err, replace)
}
if err := pool.add(tx2); err != nil {
t.Error("didn't expect error", err)
if replace, err := pool.add(tx2); err != nil || !replace {
t.Errorf("second transaction insert failed (%v) or not reported replacement (%v)", err, replace)
}
state, _ := pool.currentState()
pool.promoteExecutables(state)
@ -308,9 +312,7 @@ func TestTransactionDoubleNonce(t *testing.T) {
t.Errorf("transaction mismatch: have %x, want %x", tx.Hash(), tx2.Hash())
}
// Add the thid transaction and ensure it's not saved (smaller price)
if err := pool.add(tx3); err != nil {
t.Error("didn't expect error", err)
}
pool.add(tx3)
pool.promoteExecutables(state)
if pool.pending[addr].Len() != 1 {
t.Error("expected 1 pending transactions, got", pool.pending[addr].Len())
@ -330,7 +332,7 @@ func TestMissingNonce(t *testing.T) {
currentState, _ := pool.currentState()
currentState.AddBalance(addr, big.NewInt(100000000000000))
tx := transaction(1, big.NewInt(100000), key)
if err := pool.add(tx); err != nil {
if _, err := pool.add(tx); err != nil {
t.Error("didn't expect error", err)
}
if len(pool.pending) != 0 {
@ -557,8 +559,8 @@ func TestTransactionQueueAccountLimiting(t *testing.T) {
// some threshold, the higher transactions are dropped to prevent DOS attacks.
func TestTransactionQueueGlobalLimiting(t *testing.T) {
// Reduce the queue limits to shorten test time
defer func(old uint64) { maxQueuedInTotal = old }(maxQueuedInTotal)
maxQueuedInTotal = maxQueuedPerAccount * 3
defer func(old uint64) { maxQueuedTotal = old }(maxQueuedTotal)
maxQueuedTotal = maxQueuedPerAccount * 3
// Create the pool to test the limit enforcement with
db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
@ -578,7 +580,7 @@ func TestTransactionQueueGlobalLimiting(t *testing.T) {
// Generate and queue a batch of transactions
nonces := make(map[common.Address]uint64)
txs := make(types.Transactions, 0, 3*maxQueuedInTotal)
txs := make(types.Transactions, 0, 3*maxQueuedTotal)
for len(txs) < cap(txs) {
key := keys[rand.Intn(len(keys))]
addr := crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key.PublicKey)
@ -596,8 +598,8 @@ func TestTransactionQueueGlobalLimiting(t *testing.T) {
}
queued += list.Len()
}
if queued > int(maxQueuedInTotal) {
t.Fatalf("total transactions overflow allowance: %d > %d", queued, maxQueuedInTotal)
if queued > int(maxQueuedTotal) {
t.Fatalf("total transactions overflow allowance: %d > %d", queued, maxQueuedTotal)
}
}
@ -791,6 +793,227 @@ func TestTransactionPendingMinimumAllowance(t *testing.T) {
}
}
// Tests that setting the transaction pool gas price to a higher value correctly
// discards everything cheaper than that and moves any gapped transactions back
// from the pending pool to the queue.
//
// Note, local transactions are never allowed to be dropped.
func TestTransactionPoolRepricing(t *testing.T) {
// Create the pool to test the pricing enforcement with
db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
pool := NewTxPool(params.TestChainConfig, new(event.TypeMux), func() (*state.StateDB, error) { return statedb, nil }, func() *big.Int { return big.NewInt(1000000) })
pool.resetState()
// Create a number of test accounts and fund them
state, _ := pool.currentState()
keys := make([]*ecdsa.PrivateKey, 3)
for i := 0; i < len(keys); i++ {
keys[i], _ = crypto.GenerateKey()
state.AddBalance(crypto.PubkeyToAddress(keys[i].PublicKey), big.NewInt(1000000))
}
// Generate and queue a batch of transactions, both pending and queued
txs := types.Transactions{}
txs = append(txs, pricedTransaction(0, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(2), keys[0]))
txs = append(txs, pricedTransaction(1, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(1), keys[0]))
txs = append(txs, pricedTransaction(2, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(2), keys[0]))
txs = append(txs, pricedTransaction(1, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(2), keys[1]))
txs = append(txs, pricedTransaction(2, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(1), keys[1]))
txs = append(txs, pricedTransaction(3, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(2), keys[1]))
txs = append(txs, pricedTransaction(0, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(1), keys[2]))
pool.SetLocal(txs[len(txs)-1]) // prevent this one from ever being dropped
// Import the batch and that both pending and queued transactions match up
pool.AddBatch(txs)
pending, queued := pool.stats()
if pending != 4 {
t.Fatalf("pending transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", pending, 4)
}
if queued != 3 {
t.Fatalf("queued transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", queued, 3)
}
// Reprice the pool and check that underpriced transactions get dropped
pool.SetGasPrice(big.NewInt(2))
pending, queued = pool.stats()
if pending != 2 {
t.Fatalf("pending transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", pending, 2)
}
if queued != 3 {
t.Fatalf("queued transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", queued, 3)
}
// Check that we can't add the old transactions back
if err := pool.Add(pricedTransaction(1, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(1), keys[0])); err != ErrUnderpriced {
t.Fatalf("adding underpriced pending transaction error mismatch: have %v, want %v", err, ErrUnderpriced)
}
if err := pool.Add(pricedTransaction(2, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(1), keys[1])); err != ErrUnderpriced {
t.Fatalf("adding underpriced queued transaction error mismatch: have %v, want %v", err, ErrUnderpriced)
}
// However we can add local underpriced transactions
tx := pricedTransaction(1, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(1), keys[2])
pool.SetLocal(tx) // prevent this one from ever being dropped
if err := pool.Add(tx); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to add underpriced local transaction: %v", err)
}
if pending, _ = pool.stats(); pending != 3 {
t.Fatalf("pending transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", pending, 3)
}
}
// Tests that when the pool reaches its global transaction limit, underpriced
// transactions are gradually shifted out for more expensive ones and any gapped
// pending transactions are moved into te queue.
//
// Note, local transactions are never allowed to be dropped.
func TestTransactionPoolUnderpricing(t *testing.T) {
// Reduce the queue limits to shorten test time
defer func(old uint64) { maxPendingTotal = old }(maxPendingTotal)
maxPendingTotal = 2
defer func(old uint64) { maxQueuedTotal = old }(maxQueuedTotal)
maxQueuedTotal = 2
// Create the pool to test the pricing enforcement with
db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
pool := NewTxPool(params.TestChainConfig, new(event.TypeMux), func() (*state.StateDB, error) { return statedb, nil }, func() *big.Int { return big.NewInt(1000000) })
pool.resetState()
// Create a number of test accounts and fund them
state, _ := pool.currentState()
keys := make([]*ecdsa.PrivateKey, 3)
for i := 0; i < len(keys); i++ {
keys[i], _ = crypto.GenerateKey()
state.AddBalance(crypto.PubkeyToAddress(keys[i].PublicKey), big.NewInt(1000000))
}
// Generate and queue a batch of transactions, both pending and queued
txs := types.Transactions{}
txs = append(txs, pricedTransaction(0, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(1), keys[0]))
txs = append(txs, pricedTransaction(1, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(2), keys[0]))
txs = append(txs, pricedTransaction(1, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(1), keys[1]))
txs = append(txs, pricedTransaction(0, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(1), keys[2]))
pool.SetLocal(txs[len(txs)-1]) // prevent this one from ever being dropped
// Import the batch and that both pending and queued transactions match up
pool.AddBatch(txs)
pending, queued := pool.stats()
if pending != 3 {
t.Fatalf("pending transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", pending, 3)
}
if queued != 1 {
t.Fatalf("queued transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", queued, 1)
}
// Ensure that adding an underpriced transaction on block limit fails
if err := pool.Add(pricedTransaction(0, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(1), keys[1])); err != ErrUnderpriced {
t.Fatalf("adding underpriced pending transaction error mismatch: have %v, want %v", err, ErrUnderpriced)
}
// Ensure that adding high priced transactions drops cheap ones, but not own
if err := pool.Add(pricedTransaction(0, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(3), keys[1])); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to add well priced transaction: %v", err)
}
if err := pool.Add(pricedTransaction(2, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(4), keys[1])); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to add well priced transaction: %v", err)
}
if err := pool.Add(pricedTransaction(3, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(5), keys[1])); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to add well priced transaction: %v", err)
}
pending, queued = pool.stats()
if pending != 2 {
t.Fatalf("pending transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", pending, 2)
}
if queued != 2 {
t.Fatalf("queued transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", queued, 2)
}
// Ensure that adding local transactions can push out even higher priced ones
tx := pricedTransaction(1, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(0), keys[2])
pool.SetLocal(tx) // prevent this one from ever being dropped
if err := pool.Add(tx); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to add underpriced local transaction: %v", err)
}
pending, queued = pool.stats()
if pending != 2 {
t.Fatalf("pending transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", pending, 2)
}
if queued != 2 {
t.Fatalf("queued transactions mismatched: have %d, want %d", queued, 2)
}
}
// Tests that the pool rejects replacement transactions that don't meet the minimum
// price bump required.
func TestTransactionReplacement(t *testing.T) {
// Create the pool to test the pricing enforcement with
db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
pool := NewTxPool(params.TestChainConfig, new(event.TypeMux), func() (*state.StateDB, error) { return statedb, nil }, func() *big.Int { return big.NewInt(1000000) })
pool.resetState()
// Create a a test account to add transactions with
key, _ := crypto.GenerateKey()
state, _ := pool.currentState()
state.AddBalance(crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key.PublicKey), big.NewInt(1000000000))
// Add pending transactions, ensuring the minimum price bump is enforced for replacement (for ultra low prices too)
price := int64(100)
threshold := (price * (100 + minPriceBumpPercent)) / 100
if err := pool.Add(pricedTransaction(0, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(1), key)); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to add original cheap pending transaction: %v", err)
}
if err := pool.Add(pricedTransaction(0, big.NewInt(100001), big.NewInt(1), key)); err != ErrReplaceUnderpriced {
t.Fatalf("original cheap pending transaction replacement error mismatch: have %v, want %v", err, ErrReplaceUnderpriced)
}
if err := pool.Add(pricedTransaction(0, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(2), key)); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to replace original cheap pending transaction: %v", err)
}
if err := pool.Add(pricedTransaction(0, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(price), key)); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to add original proper pending transaction: %v", err)
}
if err := pool.Add(pricedTransaction(0, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(threshold), key)); err != ErrReplaceUnderpriced {
t.Fatalf("original proper pending transaction replacement error mismatch: have %v, want %v", err, ErrReplaceUnderpriced)
}
if err := pool.Add(pricedTransaction(0, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(threshold+1), key)); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to replace original proper pending transaction: %v", err)
}
// Add queued transactions, ensuring the minimum price bump is enforced for replacement (for ultra low prices too)
if err := pool.Add(pricedTransaction(2, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(1), key)); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to add original queued transaction: %v", err)
}
if err := pool.Add(pricedTransaction(2, big.NewInt(100001), big.NewInt(1), key)); err != ErrReplaceUnderpriced {
t.Fatalf("original queued transaction replacement error mismatch: have %v, want %v", err, ErrReplaceUnderpriced)
}
if err := pool.Add(pricedTransaction(2, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(2), key)); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to replace original queued transaction: %v", err)
}
if err := pool.Add(pricedTransaction(2, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(price), key)); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to add original queued transaction: %v", err)
}
if err := pool.Add(pricedTransaction(2, big.NewInt(100001), big.NewInt(threshold), key)); err != ErrReplaceUnderpriced {
t.Fatalf("original queued transaction replacement error mismatch: have %v, want %v", err, ErrReplaceUnderpriced)
}
if err := pool.Add(pricedTransaction(2, big.NewInt(100000), big.NewInt(threshold+1), key)); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("failed to replace original queued transaction: %v", err)
}
}
// Benchmarks the speed of validating the contents of the pending queue of the
// transaction pool.
func BenchmarkPendingDemotion100(b *testing.B) { benchmarkPendingDemotion(b, 100) }

View File

@ -153,6 +153,8 @@ func (api *PrivateMinerAPI) Start(threads *int) error {
}
// Start the miner and return
if !api.e.IsMining() {
// Propagate the initial price point to the transaction pool
api.e.txPool.SetGasPrice(api.e.gasPrice)
return api.e.StartMining(true)
}
return nil
@ -180,7 +182,7 @@ func (api *PrivateMinerAPI) SetExtra(extra string) (bool, error) {
// SetGasPrice sets the minimum accepted gas price for the miner.
func (api *PrivateMinerAPI) SetGasPrice(gasPrice hexutil.Big) bool {
api.e.Miner().SetGasPrice((*big.Int)(&gasPrice))
api.e.txPool.SetGasPrice((*big.Int)(&gasPrice))
return true
}

View File

@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ package eth
import (
"errors"
"fmt"
"math/big"
"runtime"
"sync"
"sync/atomic"
@ -76,6 +77,7 @@ type Ethereum struct {
ApiBackend *EthApiBackend
miner *miner.Miner
gasPrice *big.Int
Mining bool
MinerThreads int
etherbase common.Address
@ -167,7 +169,7 @@ func New(ctx *node.ServiceContext, config *Config) (*Ethereum, error) {
}
eth.miner = miner.New(eth, eth.chainConfig, eth.EventMux(), eth.engine)
eth.miner.SetGasPrice(config.GasPrice)
eth.gasPrice = config.GasPrice
eth.miner.SetExtra(makeExtraData(config.ExtraData))
eth.ApiBackend = &EthApiBackend{eth, nil}

View File

@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ var DefaultConfig = Config{
NetworkId: 1,
LightPeers: 20,
DatabaseCache: 128,
GasPrice: big.NewInt(20 * params.Shannon),
GasPrice: big.NewInt(18 * params.Shannon),
GPO: gasprice.Config{
Blocks: 10,

View File

@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
package ethstats
import (
"context"
"encoding/json"
"errors"
"fmt"
@ -639,7 +640,8 @@ func (s *Service) reportStats(conn *websocket.Conn) error {
sync := s.eth.Downloader().Progress()
syncing = s.eth.BlockChain().CurrentHeader().Number.Uint64() >= sync.HighestBlock
gasprice = int(s.eth.Miner().GasPrice().Uint64())
price, _ := s.eth.ApiBackend.SuggestPrice(context.Background())
gasprice = int(price.Uint64())
} else {
sync := s.les.Downloader().Progress()
syncing = s.les.BlockChain().CurrentHeader().Number.Uint64() >= sync.HighestBlock

View File

@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ package miner
import (
"fmt"
"math/big"
"sync/atomic"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/accounts"
@ -104,18 +103,6 @@ out:
}
}
func (m *Miner) GasPrice() *big.Int {
return new(big.Int).Set(m.worker.gasPrice)
}
func (m *Miner) SetGasPrice(price *big.Int) {
// FIXME block tests set a nil gas price. Quick dirty fix
if price == nil {
return
}
m.worker.setGasPrice(price)
}
func (self *Miner) Start(coinbase common.Address) {
atomic.StoreInt32(&self.shouldStart, 1)
self.worker.setEtherbase(coinbase)

View File

@ -64,8 +64,6 @@ type Work struct {
family *set.Set // family set (used for checking uncle invalidity)
uncles *set.Set // uncle set
tcount int // tx count in cycle
ownedAccounts *set.Set
lowGasTxs types.Transactions
failedTxs types.Transactions
Block *types.Block // the new block
@ -103,7 +101,6 @@ type worker struct {
chainDb ethdb.Database
coinbase common.Address
gasPrice *big.Int
extra []byte
currentMu sync.Mutex
@ -132,7 +129,6 @@ func newWorker(config *params.ChainConfig, engine consensus.Engine, coinbase com
mux: mux,
chainDb: eth.ChainDb(),
recv: make(chan *Result, resultQueueSize),
gasPrice: new(big.Int),
chain: eth.BlockChain(),
proc: eth.BlockChain().Validator(),
possibleUncles: make(map[common.Hash]*types.Block),
@ -252,7 +248,7 @@ func (self *worker) update() {
txs := map[common.Address]types.Transactions{acc: {ev.Tx}}
txset := types.NewTransactionsByPriceAndNonce(txs)
self.current.commitTransactions(self.mux, txset, self.gasPrice, self.chain, self.coinbase)
self.current.commitTransactions(self.mux, txset, self.chain, self.coinbase)
self.currentMu.Unlock()
}
}
@ -375,22 +371,10 @@ func (self *worker) makeCurrent(parent *types.Block, header *types.Header) error
}
// Keep track of transactions which return errors so they can be removed
work.tcount = 0
work.ownedAccounts = accountAddressesSet(accounts)
self.current = work
return nil
}
func (w *worker) setGasPrice(p *big.Int) {
w.mu.Lock()
defer w.mu.Unlock()
// calculate the minimal gas price the miner accepts when sorting out transactions.
const pct = int64(90)
w.gasPrice = gasprice(p, pct)
w.mux.Post(core.GasPriceChanged{Price: w.gasPrice})
}
func (self *worker) commitNewWork() {
self.mu.Lock()
defer self.mu.Unlock()
@ -460,9 +444,8 @@ func (self *worker) commitNewWork() {
return
}
txs := types.NewTransactionsByPriceAndNonce(pending)
work.commitTransactions(self.mux, txs, self.gasPrice, self.chain, self.coinbase)
work.commitTransactions(self.mux, txs, self.chain, self.coinbase)
self.eth.TxPool().RemoveBatch(work.lowGasTxs)
self.eth.TxPool().RemoveBatch(work.failedTxs)
// compute uncles for the new block.
@ -515,7 +498,7 @@ func (self *worker) commitUncle(work *Work, uncle *types.Header) error {
return nil
}
func (env *Work) commitTransactions(mux *event.TypeMux, txs *types.TransactionsByPriceAndNonce, gasPrice *big.Int, bc *core.BlockChain, coinbase common.Address) {
func (env *Work) commitTransactions(mux *event.TypeMux, txs *types.TransactionsByPriceAndNonce, bc *core.BlockChain, coinbase common.Address) {
gp := new(core.GasPool).AddGas(env.header.GasLimit)
var coalescedLogs []*types.Log
@ -539,17 +522,6 @@ func (env *Work) commitTransactions(mux *event.TypeMux, txs *types.TransactionsB
txs.Pop()
continue
}
// Ignore any transactions (and accounts subsequently) with low gas limits
if tx.GasPrice().Cmp(gasPrice) < 0 && !env.ownedAccounts.Has(from) {
// Pop the current low-priced transaction without shifting in the next from the account
log.Warn("Transaction below gas price", "sender", from, "hash", tx.Hash(), "have", tx.GasPrice(), "want", gasPrice)
env.lowGasTxs = append(env.lowGasTxs, tx)
txs.Pop()
continue
}
// Start executing the transaction
env.state.StartRecord(tx.Hash(), common.Hash{}, env.tcount)
@ -607,25 +579,3 @@ func (env *Work) commitTransaction(tx *types.Transaction, bc *core.BlockChain, c
return nil, receipt.Logs
}
// TODO: remove or use
func (self *worker) HashRate() int64 {
return 0
}
// gasprice calculates a reduced gas price based on the pct
// XXX Use big.Rat?
func gasprice(price *big.Int, pct int64) *big.Int {
p := new(big.Int).Set(price)
p.Div(p, big.NewInt(100))
p.Mul(p, big.NewInt(pct))
return p
}
func accountAddressesSet(accounts []accounts.Account) *set.Set {
accountSet := set.New()
for _, account := range accounts {
accountSet.Add(account.Address)
}
return accountSet
}