diff --git a/core/blockchain_reader.go b/core/blockchain_reader.go
index fd65cb2db..f9d0e3531 100644
--- a/core/blockchain_reader.go
+++ b/core/blockchain_reader.go
@@ -306,9 +306,11 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) TrieNode(hash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
 // new code scheme.
 func (bc *BlockChain) ContractCodeWithPrefix(hash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
 	type codeReader interface {
-		ContractCodeWithPrefix(addrHash, codeHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error)
+		ContractCodeWithPrefix(address common.Address, codeHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error)
 	}
-	return bc.stateCache.(codeReader).ContractCodeWithPrefix(common.Hash{}, hash)
+	// TODO(rjl493456442) The associated account address is also required
+	// in Verkle scheme. Fix it once snap-sync is supported for Verkle.
+	return bc.stateCache.(codeReader).ContractCodeWithPrefix(common.Address{}, hash)
 }
 
 // State returns a new mutable state based on the current HEAD block.
diff --git a/core/state/database.go b/core/state/database.go
index 5ca236636..a3b6322ae 100644
--- a/core/state/database.go
+++ b/core/state/database.go
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/lru"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie/trienode"
@@ -43,16 +44,16 @@ type Database interface {
 	OpenTrie(root common.Hash) (Trie, error)
 
 	// OpenStorageTrie opens the storage trie of an account.
-	OpenStorageTrie(stateRoot common.Hash, addrHash, root common.Hash) (Trie, error)
+	OpenStorageTrie(stateRoot common.Hash, address common.Address, root common.Hash) (Trie, error)
 
 	// CopyTrie returns an independent copy of the given trie.
 	CopyTrie(Trie) Trie
 
 	// ContractCode retrieves a particular contract's code.
-	ContractCode(addrHash, codeHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error)
+	ContractCode(addr common.Address, codeHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error)
 
 	// ContractCodeSize retrieves a particular contracts code's size.
-	ContractCodeSize(addrHash, codeHash common.Hash) (int, error)
+	ContractCodeSize(addr common.Address, codeHash common.Hash) (int, error)
 
 	// DiskDB returns the underlying key-value disk database.
 	DiskDB() ethdb.KeyValueStore
@@ -177,8 +178,8 @@ func (db *cachingDB) OpenTrie(root common.Hash) (Trie, error) {
 }
 
 // OpenStorageTrie opens the storage trie of an account.
-func (db *cachingDB) OpenStorageTrie(stateRoot common.Hash, addrHash, root common.Hash) (Trie, error) {
-	tr, err := trie.NewStateTrie(trie.StorageTrieID(stateRoot, addrHash, root), db.triedb)
+func (db *cachingDB) OpenStorageTrie(stateRoot common.Hash, address common.Address, root common.Hash) (Trie, error) {
+	tr, err := trie.NewStateTrie(trie.StorageTrieID(stateRoot, crypto.Keccak256Hash(address.Bytes()), root), db.triedb)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -196,7 +197,7 @@ func (db *cachingDB) CopyTrie(t Trie) Trie {
 }
 
 // ContractCode retrieves a particular contract's code.
-func (db *cachingDB) ContractCode(addrHash, codeHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
+func (db *cachingDB) ContractCode(address common.Address, codeHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
 	code, _ := db.codeCache.Get(codeHash)
 	if len(code) > 0 {
 		return code, nil
@@ -213,7 +214,7 @@ func (db *cachingDB) ContractCode(addrHash, codeHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error
 // ContractCodeWithPrefix retrieves a particular contract's code. If the
 // code can't be found in the cache, then check the existence with **new**
 // db scheme.
-func (db *cachingDB) ContractCodeWithPrefix(addrHash, codeHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
+func (db *cachingDB) ContractCodeWithPrefix(address common.Address, codeHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
 	code, _ := db.codeCache.Get(codeHash)
 	if len(code) > 0 {
 		return code, nil
@@ -228,11 +229,11 @@ func (db *cachingDB) ContractCodeWithPrefix(addrHash, codeHash common.Hash) ([]b
 }
 
 // ContractCodeSize retrieves a particular contracts code's size.
-func (db *cachingDB) ContractCodeSize(addrHash, codeHash common.Hash) (int, error) {
+func (db *cachingDB) ContractCodeSize(addr common.Address, codeHash common.Hash) (int, error) {
 	if cached, ok := db.codeSizeCache.Get(codeHash); ok {
 		return cached, nil
 	}
-	code, err := db.ContractCode(addrHash, codeHash)
+	code, err := db.ContractCode(addr, codeHash)
 	return len(code), err
 }
 
diff --git a/core/state/iterator.go b/core/state/iterator.go
index 7802263b7..bb9af0820 100644
--- a/core/state/iterator.go
+++ b/core/state/iterator.go
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package state
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
@@ -27,7 +28,8 @@ import (
 )
 
 // nodeIterator is an iterator to traverse the entire state trie post-order,
-// including all of the contract code and contract state tries.
+// including all of the contract code and contract state tries. Preimage is
+// required in order to resolve the contract address.
 type nodeIterator struct {
 	state *StateDB // State being iterated
 
@@ -113,7 +115,15 @@ func (it *nodeIterator) step() error {
 	if err := rlp.Decode(bytes.NewReader(it.stateIt.LeafBlob()), &account); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	dataTrie, err := it.state.db.OpenStorageTrie(it.state.originalRoot, common.BytesToHash(it.stateIt.LeafKey()), account.Root)
+	// Lookup the preimage of account hash
+	preimage := it.state.trie.GetKey(it.stateIt.LeafKey())
+	if preimage == nil {
+		return errors.New("account address is not available")
+	}
+	address := common.BytesToAddress(preimage)
+
+	// Traverse the storage slots belong to the account
+	dataTrie, err := it.state.db.OpenStorageTrie(it.state.originalRoot, address, account.Root)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -126,8 +136,7 @@ func (it *nodeIterator) step() error {
 	}
 	if !bytes.Equal(account.CodeHash, types.EmptyCodeHash.Bytes()) {
 		it.codeHash = common.BytesToHash(account.CodeHash)
-		addrHash := common.BytesToHash(it.stateIt.LeafKey())
-		it.code, err = it.state.db.ContractCode(addrHash, common.BytesToHash(account.CodeHash))
+		it.code, err = it.state.db.ContractCode(address, common.BytesToHash(account.CodeHash))
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("code %x: %v", account.CodeHash, err)
 		}
diff --git a/core/state/state_object.go b/core/state/state_object.go
index 148136fc2..b443d12f1 100644
--- a/core/state/state_object.go
+++ b/core/state/state_object.go
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ func (s *stateObject) getTrie(db Database) (Trie, error) {
 			s.trie = s.db.prefetcher.trie(s.addrHash, s.data.Root)
 		}
 		if s.trie == nil {
-			tr, err := db.OpenStorageTrie(s.db.originalRoot, s.addrHash, s.data.Root)
+			tr, err := db.OpenStorageTrie(s.db.originalRoot, s.address, s.data.Root)
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, err
 			}
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ func (s *stateObject) Code(db Database) []byte {
 	if bytes.Equal(s.CodeHash(), types.EmptyCodeHash.Bytes()) {
 		return nil
 	}
-	code, err := db.ContractCode(s.addrHash, common.BytesToHash(s.CodeHash()))
+	code, err := db.ContractCode(s.address, common.BytesToHash(s.CodeHash()))
 	if err != nil {
 		s.db.setError(fmt.Errorf("can't load code hash %x: %v", s.CodeHash(), err))
 	}
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ func (s *stateObject) CodeSize(db Database) int {
 	if bytes.Equal(s.CodeHash(), types.EmptyCodeHash.Bytes()) {
 		return 0
 	}
-	size, err := db.ContractCodeSize(s.addrHash, common.BytesToHash(s.CodeHash()))
+	size, err := db.ContractCodeSize(s.address, common.BytesToHash(s.CodeHash()))
 	if err != nil {
 		s.db.setError(fmt.Errorf("can't load code size %x: %v", s.CodeHash(), err))
 	}
diff --git a/core/state/sync_test.go b/core/state/sync_test.go
index cac0ee6e4..7de69e0aa 100644
--- a/core/state/sync_test.go
+++ b/core/state/sync_test.go
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ type testAccount struct {
 func makeTestState() (ethdb.Database, Database, common.Hash, []*testAccount) {
 	// Create an empty state
 	db := rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
-	sdb := NewDatabase(db)
+	sdb := NewDatabaseWithConfig(db, &trie.Config{Preimages: true})
 	state, _ := New(types.EmptyRootHash, sdb, nil)
 
 	// Fill it with some arbitrary data
@@ -100,28 +100,9 @@ func checkStateAccounts(t *testing.T, db ethdb.Database, root common.Hash, accou
 	}
 }
 
-// checkTrieConsistency checks that all nodes in a (sub-)trie are indeed present.
-func checkTrieConsistency(db ethdb.Database, root common.Hash) error {
-	if v, _ := db.Get(root[:]); v == nil {
-		return nil // Consider a non existent state consistent.
-	}
-	trie, err := trie.New(trie.StateTrieID(root), trie.NewDatabase(db))
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	it := trie.MustNodeIterator(nil)
-	for it.Next(true) {
-	}
-	return it.Error()
-}
-
 // checkStateConsistency checks that all data of a state root is present.
 func checkStateConsistency(db ethdb.Database, root common.Hash) error {
-	// Create and iterate a state trie rooted in a sub-node
-	if _, err := db.Get(root.Bytes()); err != nil {
-		return nil // Consider a non existent state consistent.
-	}
-	state, err := New(root, NewDatabase(db), nil)
+	state, err := New(root, NewDatabaseWithConfig(db, &trie.Config{Preimages: true}), nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -171,7 +152,7 @@ type stateElement struct {
 
 func testIterativeStateSync(t *testing.T, count int, commit bool, bypath bool) {
 	// Create a random state to copy
-	_, srcDb, srcRoot, srcAccounts := makeTestState()
+	srcDisk, srcDb, srcRoot, srcAccounts := makeTestState()
 	if commit {
 		srcDb.TrieDB().Commit(srcRoot, false)
 	}
@@ -204,7 +185,7 @@ func testIterativeStateSync(t *testing.T, count int, commit bool, bypath bool) {
 			codeResults = make([]trie.CodeSyncResult, len(codeElements))
 		)
 		for i, element := range codeElements {
-			data, err := srcDb.ContractCode(common.Hash{}, element.code)
+			data, err := srcDb.ContractCode(common.Address{}, element.code)
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("failed to retrieve contract bytecode for hash %x", element.code)
 			}
@@ -274,6 +255,10 @@ func testIterativeStateSync(t *testing.T, count int, commit bool, bypath bool) {
 			})
 		}
 	}
+	// Copy the preimages from source db in order to traverse the state.
+	srcDb.TrieDB().WritePreimages()
+	copyPreimages(srcDisk, dstDb)
+
 	// Cross check that the two states are in sync
 	checkStateAccounts(t, dstDb, srcRoot, srcAccounts)
 }
@@ -282,7 +267,7 @@ func testIterativeStateSync(t *testing.T, count int, commit bool, bypath bool) {
 // partial results are returned, and the others sent only later.
 func TestIterativeDelayedStateSync(t *testing.T) {
 	// Create a random state to copy
-	_, srcDb, srcRoot, srcAccounts := makeTestState()
+	srcDisk, srcDb, srcRoot, srcAccounts := makeTestState()
 
 	// Create a destination state and sync with the scheduler
 	dstDb := rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
@@ -312,7 +297,7 @@ func TestIterativeDelayedStateSync(t *testing.T) {
 		if len(codeElements) > 0 {
 			codeResults := make([]trie.CodeSyncResult, len(codeElements)/2+1)
 			for i, element := range codeElements[:len(codeResults)] {
-				data, err := srcDb.ContractCode(common.Hash{}, element.code)
+				data, err := srcDb.ContractCode(common.Address{}, element.code)
 				if err != nil {
 					t.Fatalf("failed to retrieve contract bytecode for %x", element.code)
 				}
@@ -363,6 +348,10 @@ func TestIterativeDelayedStateSync(t *testing.T) {
 			})
 		}
 	}
+	// Copy the preimages from source db in order to traverse the state.
+	srcDb.TrieDB().WritePreimages()
+	copyPreimages(srcDisk, dstDb)
+
 	// Cross check that the two states are in sync
 	checkStateAccounts(t, dstDb, srcRoot, srcAccounts)
 }
@@ -375,7 +364,7 @@ func TestIterativeRandomStateSyncBatched(t *testing.T)    { testIterativeRandomS
 
 func testIterativeRandomStateSync(t *testing.T, count int) {
 	// Create a random state to copy
-	_, srcDb, srcRoot, srcAccounts := makeTestState()
+	srcDisk, srcDb, srcRoot, srcAccounts := makeTestState()
 
 	// Create a destination state and sync with the scheduler
 	dstDb := rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
@@ -399,7 +388,7 @@ func testIterativeRandomStateSync(t *testing.T, count int) {
 		if len(codeQueue) > 0 {
 			results := make([]trie.CodeSyncResult, 0, len(codeQueue))
 			for hash := range codeQueue {
-				data, err := srcDb.ContractCode(common.Hash{}, hash)
+				data, err := srcDb.ContractCode(common.Address{}, hash)
 				if err != nil {
 					t.Fatalf("failed to retrieve node data for %x", hash)
 				}
@@ -447,6 +436,10 @@ func testIterativeRandomStateSync(t *testing.T, count int) {
 			codeQueue[hash] = struct{}{}
 		}
 	}
+	// Copy the preimages from source db in order to traverse the state.
+	srcDb.TrieDB().WritePreimages()
+	copyPreimages(srcDisk, dstDb)
+
 	// Cross check that the two states are in sync
 	checkStateAccounts(t, dstDb, srcRoot, srcAccounts)
 }
@@ -455,7 +448,7 @@ func testIterativeRandomStateSync(t *testing.T, count int) {
 // partial results are returned (Even those randomly), others sent only later.
 func TestIterativeRandomDelayedStateSync(t *testing.T) {
 	// Create a random state to copy
-	_, srcDb, srcRoot, srcAccounts := makeTestState()
+	srcDisk, srcDb, srcRoot, srcAccounts := makeTestState()
 
 	// Create a destination state and sync with the scheduler
 	dstDb := rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
@@ -481,7 +474,7 @@ func TestIterativeRandomDelayedStateSync(t *testing.T) {
 			for hash := range codeQueue {
 				delete(codeQueue, hash)
 
-				data, err := srcDb.ContractCode(common.Hash{}, hash)
+				data, err := srcDb.ContractCode(common.Address{}, hash)
 				if err != nil {
 					t.Fatalf("failed to retrieve node data for %x", hash)
 				}
@@ -537,6 +530,10 @@ func TestIterativeRandomDelayedStateSync(t *testing.T) {
 			codeQueue[hash] = struct{}{}
 		}
 	}
+	// Copy the preimages from source db in order to traverse the state.
+	srcDb.TrieDB().WritePreimages()
+	copyPreimages(srcDisk, dstDb)
+
 	// Cross check that the two states are in sync
 	checkStateAccounts(t, dstDb, srcRoot, srcAccounts)
 }
@@ -555,7 +552,6 @@ func TestIncompleteStateSync(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 	isCode[types.EmptyCodeHash] = struct{}{}
-	checkTrieConsistency(db, srcRoot)
 
 	// Create a destination state and sync with the scheduler
 	dstDb := rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
@@ -588,7 +584,7 @@ func TestIncompleteStateSync(t *testing.T) {
 		if len(codeQueue) > 0 {
 			results := make([]trie.CodeSyncResult, 0, len(codeQueue))
 			for hash := range codeQueue {
-				data, err := srcDb.ContractCode(common.Hash{}, hash)
+				data, err := srcDb.ContractCode(common.Address{}, hash)
 				if err != nil {
 					t.Fatalf("failed to retrieve node data for %x", hash)
 				}
@@ -602,7 +598,6 @@ func TestIncompleteStateSync(t *testing.T) {
 				}
 			}
 		}
-		var nodehashes []common.Hash
 		if len(nodeQueue) > 0 {
 			results := make([]trie.NodeSyncResult, 0, len(nodeQueue))
 			for path, element := range nodeQueue {
@@ -617,7 +612,6 @@ func TestIncompleteStateSync(t *testing.T) {
 					addedPaths = append(addedPaths, element.path)
 					addedHashes = append(addedHashes, element.hash)
 				}
-				nodehashes = append(nodehashes, element.hash)
 			}
 			// Process each of the state nodes
 			for _, result := range results {
@@ -632,13 +626,6 @@ func TestIncompleteStateSync(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 		batch.Write()
 
-		for _, root := range nodehashes {
-			// Can't use checkStateConsistency here because subtrie keys may have odd
-			// length and crash in LeafKey.
-			if err := checkTrieConsistency(dstDb, root); err != nil {
-				t.Fatalf("state inconsistent: %v", err)
-			}
-		}
 		// Fetch the next batch to retrieve
 		nodeQueue = make(map[string]stateElement)
 		codeQueue = make(map[common.Hash]struct{})
@@ -654,6 +641,10 @@ func TestIncompleteStateSync(t *testing.T) {
 			codeQueue[hash] = struct{}{}
 		}
 	}
+	// Copy the preimages from source db in order to traverse the state.
+	srcDb.TrieDB().WritePreimages()
+	copyPreimages(db, dstDb)
+
 	// Sanity check that removing any node from the database is detected
 	for _, node := range addedCodes {
 		val := rawdb.ReadCode(dstDb, node)
@@ -678,3 +669,15 @@ func TestIncompleteStateSync(t *testing.T) {
 		rawdb.WriteTrieNode(dstDb, owner, inner, hash, val, scheme)
 	}
 }
+
+func copyPreimages(srcDb, dstDb ethdb.Database) {
+	it := srcDb.NewIterator(rawdb.PreimagePrefix, nil)
+	defer it.Release()
+
+	preimages := make(map[common.Hash][]byte)
+	for it.Next() {
+		hash := it.Key()[len(rawdb.PreimagePrefix):]
+		preimages[common.BytesToHash(hash)] = common.CopyBytes(it.Value())
+	}
+	rawdb.WritePreimages(dstDb, preimages)
+}
diff --git a/core/state/trie_prefetcher.go b/core/state/trie_prefetcher.go
index 844f72fc1..4e8fd1e10 100644
--- a/core/state/trie_prefetcher.go
+++ b/core/state/trie_prefetcher.go
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ func (sf *subfetcher) loop() {
 		}
 		sf.trie = trie
 	} else {
-		trie, err := sf.db.OpenStorageTrie(sf.state, sf.owner, sf.root)
+		trie, err := sf.db.OpenStorageTrie(sf.state, sf.addr, sf.root)
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Warn("Trie prefetcher failed opening trie", "root", sf.root, "err", err)
 			return
diff --git a/les/benchmark.go b/les/benchmark.go
index c63a2564d..ab9351834 100644
--- a/les/benchmark.go
+++ b/les/benchmark.go
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ func (b *benchmarkProofsOrCode) request(peer *serverPeer, index int) error {
 	key := make([]byte, 32)
 	crand.Read(key)
 	if b.code {
-		return peer.requestCode(0, []CodeReq{{BHash: b.headHash, AccKey: key}})
+		return peer.requestCode(0, []CodeReq{{BHash: b.headHash, AccountAddress: key}})
 	}
 	return peer.requestProofs(0, []ProofReq{{BHash: b.headHash, Key: key}})
 }
diff --git a/les/handler_test.go b/les/handler_test.go
index d0878dcd9..31681fe36 100644
--- a/les/handler_test.go
+++ b/les/handler_test.go
@@ -295,8 +295,8 @@ func testGetCode(t *testing.T, protocol int) {
 	for i := uint64(0); i <= bc.CurrentBlock().Number.Uint64(); i++ {
 		header := bc.GetHeaderByNumber(i)
 		req := &CodeReq{
-			BHash:  header.Hash(),
-			AccKey: crypto.Keccak256(testContractAddr[:]),
+			BHash:          header.Hash(),
+			AccountAddress: testContractAddr[:],
 		}
 		codereqs = append(codereqs, req)
 		if i >= testContractDeployed {
@@ -331,8 +331,8 @@ func testGetStaleCode(t *testing.T, protocol int) {
 
 	check := func(number uint64, expected [][]byte) {
 		req := &CodeReq{
-			BHash:  bc.GetHeaderByNumber(number).Hash(),
-			AccKey: crypto.Keccak256(testContractAddr[:]),
+			BHash:          bc.GetHeaderByNumber(number).Hash(),
+			AccountAddress: testContractAddr[:],
 		}
 		sendRequest(rawPeer.app, GetCodeMsg, 42, []*CodeReq{req})
 		if err := expectResponse(rawPeer.app, CodeMsg, 42, testBufLimit, expected); err != nil {
diff --git a/les/odr_requests.go b/les/odr_requests.go
index d8b094b72..2b23e0540 100644
--- a/les/odr_requests.go
+++ b/les/odr_requests.go
@@ -183,9 +183,9 @@ func (r *ReceiptsRequest) Validate(db ethdb.Database, msg *Msg) error {
 }
 
 type ProofReq struct {
-	BHash       common.Hash
-	AccKey, Key []byte
-	FromLevel   uint
+	BHash               common.Hash
+	AccountAddress, Key []byte
+	FromLevel           uint
 }
 
 // ODR request type for state/storage trie entries, see LesOdrRequest interface
@@ -206,9 +206,9 @@ func (r *TrieRequest) CanSend(peer *serverPeer) bool {
 func (r *TrieRequest) Request(reqID uint64, peer *serverPeer) error {
 	peer.Log().Debug("Requesting trie proof", "root", r.Id.Root, "key", r.Key)
 	req := ProofReq{
-		BHash:  r.Id.BlockHash,
-		AccKey: r.Id.AccKey,
-		Key:    r.Key,
+		BHash:          r.Id.BlockHash,
+		AccountAddress: r.Id.AccountAddress,
+		Key:            r.Key,
 	}
 	return peer.requestProofs(reqID, []ProofReq{req})
 }
@@ -238,8 +238,8 @@ func (r *TrieRequest) Validate(db ethdb.Database, msg *Msg) error {
 }
 
 type CodeReq struct {
-	BHash  common.Hash
-	AccKey []byte
+	BHash          common.Hash
+	AccountAddress []byte
 }
 
 // CodeRequest is the ODR request type for node data (used for retrieving contract code), see LesOdrRequest interface
@@ -260,8 +260,8 @@ func (r *CodeRequest) CanSend(peer *serverPeer) bool {
 func (r *CodeRequest) Request(reqID uint64, peer *serverPeer) error {
 	peer.Log().Debug("Requesting code data", "hash", r.Hash)
 	req := CodeReq{
-		BHash:  r.Id.BlockHash,
-		AccKey: r.Id.AccKey,
+		BHash:          r.Id.BlockHash,
+		AccountAddress: r.Id.AccountAddress,
 	}
 	return peer.requestCode(reqID, []CodeReq{req})
 }
diff --git a/les/request_test.go b/les/request_test.go
index 9b52e6bd8..30ae2c2be 100644
--- a/les/request_test.go
+++ b/les/request_test.go
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/light"
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ func tfCodeAccess(db ethdb.Database, bhash common.Hash, num uint64) light.OdrReq
 		return nil
 	}
 	sti := light.StateTrieID(header)
-	ci := light.StorageTrieID(sti, crypto.Keccak256Hash(testContractAddr[:]), common.Hash{})
+	ci := light.StorageTrieID(sti, testContractAddr, types.EmptyRootHash)
 	return &light.CodeRequest{Id: ci, Hash: crypto.Keccak256Hash(testContractCodeDeployed)}
 }
 
diff --git a/les/server_handler.go b/les/server_handler.go
index 418974c37..ad18d3f4e 100644
--- a/les/server_handler.go
+++ b/les/server_handler.go
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package les
 
 import (
 	"errors"
+	"fmt"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 
@@ -34,7 +35,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/metrics"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/p2p"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie"
 )
 
@@ -358,20 +358,19 @@ func (h *serverHandler) AddTxsSync() bool {
 }
 
 // getAccount retrieves an account from the state based on root.
-func getAccount(triedb *trie.Database, root, hash common.Hash) (types.StateAccount, error) {
-	trie, err := trie.New(trie.StateTrieID(root), triedb)
+func getAccount(triedb *trie.Database, root common.Hash, addr common.Address) (types.StateAccount, error) {
+	trie, err := trie.NewStateTrie(trie.StateTrieID(root), triedb)
 	if err != nil {
 		return types.StateAccount{}, err
 	}
-	blob, err := trie.Get(hash[:])
+	acc, err := trie.GetAccount(addr)
 	if err != nil {
 		return types.StateAccount{}, err
 	}
-	var acc types.StateAccount
-	if err = rlp.DecodeBytes(blob, &acc); err != nil {
-		return types.StateAccount{}, err
+	if acc == nil {
+		return types.StateAccount{}, fmt.Errorf("account %#x is not present", addr)
 	}
-	return acc, nil
+	return *acc, nil
 }
 
 // GetHelperTrie returns the post-processed trie root for the given trie ID and section index
diff --git a/les/server_requests.go b/les/server_requests.go
index f6208db44..30ff2cd05 100644
--- a/les/server_requests.go
+++ b/les/server_requests.go
@@ -304,16 +304,16 @@ func handleGetCode(msg Decoder) (serveRequestFn, uint64, uint64, error) {
 				continue
 			}
 			triedb := bc.StateCache().TrieDB()
-
-			account, err := getAccount(triedb, header.Root, common.BytesToHash(request.AccKey))
+			address := common.BytesToAddress(request.AccountAddress)
+			account, err := getAccount(triedb, header.Root, address)
 			if err != nil {
-				p.Log().Warn("Failed to retrieve account for code", "block", header.Number, "hash", header.Hash(), "account", common.BytesToHash(request.AccKey), "err", err)
+				p.Log().Warn("Failed to retrieve account for code", "block", header.Number, "hash", header.Hash(), "account", address, "err", err)
 				p.bumpInvalid()
 				continue
 			}
-			code, err := bc.StateCache().ContractCode(common.BytesToHash(request.AccKey), common.BytesToHash(account.CodeHash))
+			code, err := bc.StateCache().ContractCode(address, common.BytesToHash(account.CodeHash))
 			if err != nil {
-				p.Log().Warn("Failed to retrieve account code", "block", header.Number, "hash", header.Hash(), "account", common.BytesToHash(request.AccKey), "codehash", common.BytesToHash(account.CodeHash), "err", err)
+				p.Log().Warn("Failed to retrieve account code", "block", header.Number, "hash", header.Hash(), "account", address, "codehash", common.BytesToHash(account.CodeHash), "err", err)
 				continue
 			}
 			// Accumulate the code and abort if enough data was retrieved
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ func handleGetProofs(msg Decoder) (serveRequestFn, uint64, uint64, error) {
 			statedb := bc.StateCache()
 
 			var trie state.Trie
-			switch len(request.AccKey) {
+			switch len(request.AccountAddress) {
 			case 0:
 				// No account key specified, open an account trie
 				trie, err = statedb.OpenTrie(root)
@@ -423,15 +423,16 @@ func handleGetProofs(msg Decoder) (serveRequestFn, uint64, uint64, error) {
 				}
 			default:
 				// Account key specified, open a storage trie
-				account, err := getAccount(statedb.TrieDB(), root, common.BytesToHash(request.AccKey))
+				address := common.BytesToAddress(request.AccountAddress)
+				account, err := getAccount(statedb.TrieDB(), root, address)
 				if err != nil {
-					p.Log().Warn("Failed to retrieve account for proof", "block", header.Number, "hash", header.Hash(), "account", common.BytesToHash(request.AccKey), "err", err)
+					p.Log().Warn("Failed to retrieve account for proof", "block", header.Number, "hash", header.Hash(), "account", address, "err", err)
 					p.bumpInvalid()
 					continue
 				}
-				trie, err = statedb.OpenStorageTrie(root, common.BytesToHash(request.AccKey), account.Root)
+				trie, err = statedb.OpenStorageTrie(root, address, account.Root)
 				if trie == nil || err != nil {
-					p.Log().Warn("Failed to open storage trie for proof", "block", header.Number, "hash", header.Hash(), "account", common.BytesToHash(request.AccKey), "root", account.Root, "err", err)
+					p.Log().Warn("Failed to open storage trie for proof", "block", header.Number, "hash", header.Hash(), "account", address, "root", account.Root, "err", err)
 					continue
 				}
 			}
diff --git a/light/odr.go b/light/odr.go
index d331d3c9b..259702743 100644
--- a/light/odr.go
+++ b/light/odr.go
@@ -54,35 +54,35 @@ type OdrRequest interface {
 
 // TrieID identifies a state or account storage trie
 type TrieID struct {
-	BlockHash   common.Hash
-	BlockNumber uint64
-	StateRoot   common.Hash
-	Root        common.Hash
-	AccKey      []byte
+	BlockHash      common.Hash
+	BlockNumber    uint64
+	StateRoot      common.Hash
+	Root           common.Hash
+	AccountAddress []byte
 }
 
 // StateTrieID returns a TrieID for a state trie belonging to a certain block
 // header.
 func StateTrieID(header *types.Header) *TrieID {
 	return &TrieID{
-		BlockHash:   header.Hash(),
-		BlockNumber: header.Number.Uint64(),
-		StateRoot:   header.Root,
-		Root:        header.Root,
-		AccKey:      nil,
+		BlockHash:      header.Hash(),
+		BlockNumber:    header.Number.Uint64(),
+		StateRoot:      header.Root,
+		Root:           header.Root,
+		AccountAddress: nil,
 	}
 }
 
 // StorageTrieID returns a TrieID for a contract storage trie at a given account
 // of a given state trie. It also requires the root hash of the trie for
 // checking Merkle proofs.
-func StorageTrieID(state *TrieID, addrHash, root common.Hash) *TrieID {
+func StorageTrieID(state *TrieID, address common.Address, root common.Hash) *TrieID {
 	return &TrieID{
-		BlockHash:   state.BlockHash,
-		BlockNumber: state.BlockNumber,
-		StateRoot:   state.StateRoot,
-		AccKey:      addrHash[:],
-		Root:        root,
+		BlockHash:      state.BlockHash,
+		BlockNumber:    state.BlockNumber,
+		StateRoot:      state.StateRoot,
+		AccountAddress: address[:],
+		Root:           root,
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/light/odr_test.go b/light/odr_test.go
index 90fdea81d..79f901bbd 100644
--- a/light/odr_test.go
+++ b/light/odr_test.go
@@ -86,8 +86,8 @@ func (odr *testOdr) Retrieve(ctx context.Context, req OdrRequest) error {
 			err error
 			t   state.Trie
 		)
-		if len(req.Id.AccKey) > 0 {
-			t, err = odr.serverState.OpenStorageTrie(req.Id.StateRoot, common.BytesToHash(req.Id.AccKey), req.Id.Root)
+		if len(req.Id.AccountAddress) > 0 {
+			t, err = odr.serverState.OpenStorageTrie(req.Id.StateRoot, common.BytesToAddress(req.Id.AccountAddress), req.Id.Root)
 		} else {
 			t, err = odr.serverState.OpenTrie(req.Id.Root)
 		}
diff --git a/light/trie.go b/light/trie.go
index b411c299f..43fccd5e3 100644
--- a/light/trie.go
+++ b/light/trie.go
@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ func (db *odrDatabase) OpenTrie(root common.Hash) (state.Trie, error) {
 	return &odrTrie{db: db, id: db.id}, nil
 }
 
-func (db *odrDatabase) OpenStorageTrie(state, addrHash, root common.Hash) (state.Trie, error) {
-	return &odrTrie{db: db, id: StorageTrieID(db.id, addrHash, root)}, nil
+func (db *odrDatabase) OpenStorageTrie(stateRoot common.Hash, address common.Address, root common.Hash) (state.Trie, error) {
+	return &odrTrie{db: db, id: StorageTrieID(db.id, address, root)}, nil
 }
 
 func (db *odrDatabase) CopyTrie(t state.Trie) state.Trie {
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ func (db *odrDatabase) CopyTrie(t state.Trie) state.Trie {
 	}
 }
 
-func (db *odrDatabase) ContractCode(addrHash, codeHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
+func (db *odrDatabase) ContractCode(addr common.Address, codeHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
 	if codeHash == sha3Nil {
 		return nil, nil
 	}
@@ -81,14 +81,14 @@ func (db *odrDatabase) ContractCode(addrHash, codeHash common.Hash) ([]byte, err
 		return code, nil
 	}
 	id := *db.id
-	id.AccKey = addrHash[:]
+	id.AccountAddress = addr[:]
 	req := &CodeRequest{Id: &id, Hash: codeHash}
 	err := db.backend.Retrieve(db.ctx, req)
 	return req.Data, err
 }
 
-func (db *odrDatabase) ContractCodeSize(addrHash, codeHash common.Hash) (int, error) {
-	code, err := db.ContractCode(addrHash, codeHash)
+func (db *odrDatabase) ContractCodeSize(addr common.Address, codeHash common.Hash) (int, error) {
+	code, err := db.ContractCode(addr, codeHash)
 	return len(code), err
 }
 
@@ -207,8 +207,8 @@ func (t *odrTrie) do(key []byte, fn func() error) error {
 		var err error
 		if t.trie == nil {
 			var id *trie.ID
-			if len(t.id.AccKey) > 0 {
-				id = trie.StorageTrieID(t.id.StateRoot, common.BytesToHash(t.id.AccKey), t.id.Root)
+			if len(t.id.AccountAddress) > 0 {
+				id = trie.StorageTrieID(t.id.StateRoot, crypto.Keccak256Hash(t.id.AccountAddress), t.id.Root)
 			} else {
 				id = trie.StateTrieID(t.id.StateRoot)
 			}
@@ -239,8 +239,8 @@ func newNodeIterator(t *odrTrie, startkey []byte) trie.NodeIterator {
 	if t.trie == nil {
 		it.do(func() error {
 			var id *trie.ID
-			if len(t.id.AccKey) > 0 {
-				id = trie.StorageTrieID(t.id.StateRoot, common.BytesToHash(t.id.AccKey), t.id.Root)
+			if len(t.id.AccountAddress) > 0 {
+				id = trie.StorageTrieID(t.id.StateRoot, crypto.Keccak256Hash(t.id.AccountAddress), t.id.Root)
 			} else {
 				id = trie.StateTrieID(t.id.StateRoot)
 			}
diff --git a/tests/fuzzers/les/les-fuzzer.go b/tests/fuzzers/les/les-fuzzer.go
index b4599025e..c62253a72 100644
--- a/tests/fuzzers/les/les-fuzzer.go
+++ b/tests/fuzzers/les/les-fuzzer.go
@@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ var (
 	testChainLen     = 256
 	testContractCode = common.Hex2Bytes("606060405260cc8060106000396000f360606040526000357c01000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000009004806360cd2685146041578063c16431b914606b57603f565b005b6055600480803590602001909190505060a9565b6040518082815260200191505060405180910390f35b60886004808035906020019091908035906020019091905050608a565b005b80600060005083606481101560025790900160005b50819055505b5050565b6000600060005082606481101560025790900160005b5054905060c7565b91905056")
 
-	chain      *core.BlockChain
-	addrHashes []common.Hash
-	txHashes   []common.Hash
+	chain     *core.BlockChain
+	addresses []common.Address
+	txHashes  []common.Hash
 
 	chtTrie   *trie.Trie
 	bloomTrie *trie.Trie
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ var (
 	bloomKeys [][]byte
 )
 
-func makechain() (bc *core.BlockChain, addrHashes, txHashes []common.Hash) {
+func makechain() (bc *core.BlockChain, addresses []common.Address, txHashes []common.Hash) {
 	gspec := &core.Genesis{
 		Config:   params.TestChainConfig,
 		Alloc:    core.GenesisAlloc{bankAddr: {Balance: bankFunds}},
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ func makechain() (bc *core.BlockChain, addrHashes, txHashes []common.Hash) {
 				tx, _ = types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(nonce, addr, big.NewInt(10000), params.TxGas, big.NewInt(params.GWei), nil), signer, bankKey)
 			}
 			gen.AddTx(tx)
-			addrHashes = append(addrHashes, crypto.Keccak256Hash(addr[:]))
+			addresses = append(addresses, addr)
 			txHashes = append(txHashes, tx.Hash())
 		})
 	bc, _ = core.NewBlockChain(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), nil, gspec, nil, ethash.NewFaker(), vm.Config{}, nil, nil)
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ func makeTries() (chtTrie *trie.Trie, bloomTrie *trie.Trie, chtKeys, bloomKeys [
 }
 
 func init() {
-	chain, addrHashes, txHashes = makechain()
+	chain, addresses, txHashes = makechain()
 	chtTrie, bloomTrie, chtKeys, bloomKeys = makeTries()
 }
 
@@ -116,7 +116,8 @@ type fuzzer struct {
 	pool  *txpool.TxPool
 
 	chainLen  int
-	addr, txs []common.Hash
+	addresses []common.Address
+	txs       []common.Hash
 	nonce     uint64
 
 	chtKeys   [][]byte
@@ -135,7 +136,7 @@ func newFuzzer(input []byte) *fuzzer {
 	return &fuzzer{
 		chain:     chain,
 		chainLen:  testChainLen,
-		addr:      addrHashes,
+		addresses: addresses,
 		txs:       txHashes,
 		chtTrie:   chtTrie,
 		bloomTrie: bloomTrie,
@@ -198,12 +199,12 @@ func (f *fuzzer) randomBlockHash() common.Hash {
 	return common.BytesToHash(f.read(common.HashLength))
 }
 
-func (f *fuzzer) randomAddrHash() []byte {
-	i := f.randomInt(3 * len(f.addr))
-	if i < len(f.addr) {
-		return f.addr[i].Bytes()
+func (f *fuzzer) randomAddress() []byte {
+	i := f.randomInt(3 * len(f.addresses))
+	if i < len(f.addresses) {
+		return f.addresses[i].Bytes()
 	}
-	return f.read(common.HashLength)
+	return f.read(common.AddressLength)
 }
 
 func (f *fuzzer) randomCHTTrieKey() []byte {
@@ -315,8 +316,8 @@ func Fuzz(input []byte) int {
 			req := &l.GetCodePacket{Reqs: make([]l.CodeReq, f.randomInt(l.MaxCodeFetch+1))}
 			for i := range req.Reqs {
 				req.Reqs[i] = l.CodeReq{
-					BHash:  f.randomBlockHash(),
-					AccKey: f.randomAddrHash(),
+					BHash:          f.randomBlockHash(),
+					AccountAddress: f.randomAddress(),
 				}
 			}
 			f.doFuzz(l.GetCodeMsg, req)
@@ -333,15 +334,15 @@ func Fuzz(input []byte) int {
 			for i := range req.Reqs {
 				if f.randomBool() {
 					req.Reqs[i] = l.ProofReq{
-						BHash:     f.randomBlockHash(),
-						AccKey:    f.randomAddrHash(),
-						Key:       f.randomAddrHash(),
-						FromLevel: uint(f.randomX(3)),
+						BHash:          f.randomBlockHash(),
+						AccountAddress: f.randomAddress(),
+						Key:            f.randomAddress(),
+						FromLevel:      uint(f.randomX(3)),
 					}
 				} else {
 					req.Reqs[i] = l.ProofReq{
 						BHash:     f.randomBlockHash(),
-						Key:       f.randomAddrHash(),
+						Key:       f.randomAddress(),
 						FromLevel: uint(f.randomX(3)),
 					}
 				}
diff --git a/trie/database_wrap.go b/trie/database_wrap.go
index 30835b7d2..5ca013b38 100644
--- a/trie/database_wrap.go
+++ b/trie/database_wrap.go
@@ -168,10 +168,15 @@ func (db *Database) Scheme() string {
 // It is meant to be called when closing the blockchain object, so that all
 // resources held can be released correctly.
 func (db *Database) Close() error {
+	db.WritePreimages()
+	return db.backend.Close()
+}
+
+// WritePreimages flushes all accumulated preimages to disk forcibly.
+func (db *Database) WritePreimages() {
 	if db.preimages != nil {
 		db.preimages.commit(true)
 	}
-	return db.backend.Close()
 }
 
 // saveCache saves clean state cache to given directory path