core, eth, les, tests, trie: abstract node scheme (#25532)

This PR introduces a node scheme abstraction. The interface is only implemented by `hashScheme` at the moment, but will be extended by `pathScheme` very soon.

Apart from that, a few changes are also included which is worth mentioning:

-  port the changes in the stacktrie, tracking the path prefix of nodes during commit
-  use ethdb.Database for constructing trie.Database. This is not necessary right now, but it is required for path-based used to open reverse diff freezer

les/client.go

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie"
 )
 
 type LightEthereum struct {
@@ -99,7 +100,7 @@ func New(stack *node.Node, config *ethconfig.Config) (*LightEthereum, error) {
 	if config.OverrideTerminalTotalDifficultyPassed != nil {
 		overrides.OverrideTerminalTotalDifficultyPassed = config.OverrideTerminalTotalDifficultyPassed
 	}
-	chainConfig, genesisHash, genesisErr := core.SetupGenesisBlockWithOverride(chainDb, config.Genesis, &overrides)
+	chainConfig, genesisHash, genesisErr := core.SetupGenesisBlockWithOverride(chainDb, trie.NewDatabase(chainDb), config.Genesis, &overrides)
 	if _, isCompat := genesisErr.(*params.ConfigCompatError); genesisErr != nil && !isCompat {
 		return nil, genesisErr
 	}

les/downloader/downloader.go

@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ func New(checkpoint uint64, stateDb ethdb.Database, mux *event.TypeMux, chain Bl
 		headerProcCh:   make(chan []*types.Header, 1),
 		quitCh:         make(chan struct{}),
 		stateCh:        make(chan dataPack),
-		SnapSyncer:     snap.NewSyncer(stateDb),
+		SnapSyncer:     snap.NewSyncer(stateDb, nil),
 		stateSyncStart: make(chan *stateSync),
 		//syncStatsState: stateSyncStats{
 		//	processed: rawdb.ReadFastTrieProgress(stateDb),

les/downloader/statesync.go

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
@@ -295,10 +296,13 @@ type codeTask struct {
 // newStateSync creates a new state trie download scheduler. This method does not
 // yet start the sync. The user needs to call run to initiate.
 func newStateSync(d *Downloader, root common.Hash) *stateSync {
+	// Hack the node scheme here. It's a dead code is not used
+	// by light client at all. Just aim for passing tests.
+	scheme := trie.NewDatabase(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()).Scheme()
 	return &stateSync{
 		d:         d,
 		root:      root,
-		sched:     state.NewStateSync(root, d.stateDB, nil),
+		sched:     state.NewStateSync(root, d.stateDB, nil, scheme),
 		keccak:    sha3.NewLegacyKeccak256().(crypto.KeccakState),
 		trieTasks: make(map[string]*trieTask),
 		codeTasks: make(map[common.Hash]*codeTask),