roysc/plugeth
1
0
Fork 0
forked from cerc-io/plugeth
Code Pull Requests Activity

Merge pull request #14336 from obscuren/metropolis-preparation

Browse Source 
consensus, core/*, params: metropolis preparation refactor
This commit is contained in:
Felix Lange 2017-05-24 22:28:22 +02:00 committed by GitHub
commit 261b3e2351
35 changed files with 2984 additions and 237 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

11
build/update-license.go
View File

@ -47,11 +47,14 @@ var (
// boring stuff
"vendor/", "tests/files/", "build/",
// don't relicense vendored sources
"crypto/sha3/", "crypto/ecies/", "log/",
"crypto/secp256k1/curve.go",
"consensus/ethash/xor.go",
"internal/jsre/deps",
"cmd/internal/browser",
"consensus/ethash/xor.go",
"crypto/bn256/",
"crypto/ecies/",
"crypto/secp256k1/curve.go",
"crypto/sha3/",
"internal/jsre/deps",
"log/",
// don't license generated files
"contracts/chequebook/contract/",
"contracts/ens/contract/",

15
cmd/evm/main.go
View File

@ -35,6 +35,18 @@ var (
Name: "debug",
Usage: "output full trace logs",
}
MemProfileFlag = cli.StringFlag{
Name: "memprofile",
Usage: "creates a memory profile at the given path",
}
CPUProfileFlag = cli.StringFlag{
Name: "cpuprofile",
Usage: "creates a CPU profile at the given path",
}
StatDumpFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
Name: "statdump",
Usage: "displays stack and heap memory information",
}
CodeFlag = cli.StringFlag{
Name: "code",
Usage: "EVM code",
@ -93,6 +105,9 @@ func init() {
DumpFlag,
InputFlag,
DisableGasMeteringFlag,
MemProfileFlag,
CPUProfileFlag,
StatDumpFlag,
}
app.Commands = []cli.Command{
compileCommand,

29
cmd/evm/runner.go
View File

@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import (
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"os"
"runtime/pprof"
"time"
goruntime "runtime"
@ -108,6 +109,19 @@ func runCmd(ctx *cli.Context) error {
},
}
if cpuProfilePath := ctx.GlobalString(CPUProfileFlag.Name); cpuProfilePath != "" {
f, err := os.Create(cpuProfilePath)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("could not create CPU profile: ", err)
os.Exit(1)
}
if err := pprof.StartCPUProfile(f); err != nil {
fmt.Println("could not start CPU profile: ", err)
os.Exit(1)
}
defer pprof.StopCPUProfile()
}
tstart := time.Now()
if ctx.GlobalBool(CreateFlag.Name) {
input := append(code, common.Hex2Bytes(ctx.GlobalString(InputFlag.Name))...)
@ -125,12 +139,27 @@ func runCmd(ctx *cli.Context) error {
fmt.Println(string(statedb.Dump()))
}
if memProfilePath := ctx.GlobalString(MemProfileFlag.Name); memProfilePath != "" {
f, err := os.Create(memProfilePath)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("could not create memory profile: ", err)
os.Exit(1)
}
if err := pprof.WriteHeapProfile(f); err != nil {
fmt.Println("could not write memory profile: ", err)
os.Exit(1)
}
f.Close()
}
if ctx.GlobalBool(DebugFlag.Name) {
fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "#### TRACE ####")
vm.WriteTrace(os.Stderr, logger.StructLogs())
fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "#### LOGS ####")
vm.WriteLogs(os.Stderr, statedb.Logs())
}
if ctx.GlobalBool(StatDumpFlag.Name) {
var mem goruntime.MemStats
goruntime.ReadMemStats(&mem)
fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, `evm execution time: %v

6
common/bytes.go
View File

@ -89,18 +89,18 @@ func Hex2BytesFixed(str string, flen int) []byte {
}
func RightPadBytes(slice []byte, l int) []byte {
if l < len(slice) {
if l <= len(slice) {
return slice
}
padded := make([]byte, l)
copy(padded[0:len(slice)], slice)
copy(padded, slice)
return padded
}
func LeftPadBytes(slice []byte, l int) []byte {
if l < len(slice) {
if l <= len(slice) {
return slice
}

44
consensus/ethash/consensus.go
View File

@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ func (ethash *Ethash) verifyHeader(chain consensus.ChainReader, header, parent *
return errZeroBlockTime
}
// Verify the block's difficulty based in it's timestamp and parent's difficulty
expected := CalcDifficulty(chain.Config(), header.Time.Uint64(), parent.Time.Uint64(), parent.Number, parent.Difficulty)
expected := CalcDifficulty(chain.Config(), header.Time.Uint64(), parent)
if expected.Cmp(header.Difficulty) != 0 {
return fmt.Errorf("invalid difficulty: have %v, want %v", header.Difficulty, expected)
}
@ -283,16 +283,19 @@ func (ethash *Ethash) verifyHeader(chain consensus.ChainReader, header, parent *
return nil
}
// CalcDifficulty is the difficulty adjustment algorithm. It returns the difficulty
// that a new block should have when created at time given the parent block's time
// and difficulty.
// CalcDifficulty is the difficulty adjustment algorithm. It returns
// the difficulty that a new block should have when created at time
// given the parent block's time and difficulty.
//
// TODO (karalabe): Move the chain maker into this package and make this private!
func CalcDifficulty(config *params.ChainConfig, time, parentTime uint64, parentNumber, parentDiff *big.Int) *big.Int {
if config.IsHomestead(new(big.Int).Add(parentNumber, common.Big1)) {
return calcDifficultyHomestead(time, parentTime, parentNumber, parentDiff)
func CalcDifficulty(config *params.ChainConfig, time uint64, parent *types.Header) *big.Int {
next := new(big.Int).Add(parent.Number, common.Big1)
switch {
case config.IsHomestead(next):
return calcDifficultyHomestead(time, parent)
default:
return calcDifficultyFrontier(time, parent)
}
return calcDifficultyFrontier(time, parentTime, parentNumber, parentDiff)
}
// Some weird constants to avoid constant memory allocs for them.
@ -305,7 +308,7 @@ var (
// calcDifficultyHomestead is the difficulty adjustment algorithm. It returns
// the difficulty that a new block should have when created at time given the
// parent block's time and difficulty. The calculation uses the Homestead rules.
func calcDifficultyHomestead(time, parentTime uint64, parentNumber, parentDiff *big.Int) *big.Int {
func calcDifficultyHomestead(time uint64, parent *types.Header) *big.Int {
// https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-2.mediawiki
// algorithm:
// diff = (parent_diff +
@ -313,7 +316,7 @@ func calcDifficultyHomestead(time, parentTime uint64, parentNumber, parentDiff *
// ) + 2^(periodCount - 2)
bigTime := new(big.Int).SetUint64(time)
bigParentTime := new(big.Int).SetUint64(parentTime)
bigParentTime := new(big.Int).Set(parent.Time)
// holds intermediate values to make the algo easier to read & audit
x := new(big.Int)
@ -329,16 +332,16 @@ func calcDifficultyHomestead(time, parentTime uint64, parentNumber, parentDiff *
x.Set(bigMinus99)
}
// (parent_diff + parent_diff // 2048 * max(1 - (block_timestamp - parent_timestamp) // 10, -99))
y.Div(parentDiff, params.DifficultyBoundDivisor)
y.Div(parent.Difficulty, params.DifficultyBoundDivisor)
x.Mul(y, x)
x.Add(parentDiff, x)
x.Add(parent.Difficulty, x)
// minimum difficulty can ever be (before exponential factor)
if x.Cmp(params.MinimumDifficulty) < 0 {
x.Set(params.MinimumDifficulty)
}
// for the exponential factor
periodCount := new(big.Int).Add(parentNumber, common.Big1)
periodCount := new(big.Int).Add(parent.Number, common.Big1)
periodCount.Div(periodCount, expDiffPeriod)
// the exponential factor, commonly referred to as "the bomb"
@ -354,25 +357,25 @@ func calcDifficultyHomestead(time, parentTime uint64, parentNumber, parentDiff *
// calcDifficultyFrontier is the difficulty adjustment algorithm. It returns the
// difficulty that a new block should have when created at time given the parent
// block's time and difficulty. The calculation uses the Frontier rules.
func calcDifficultyFrontier(time, parentTime uint64, parentNumber, parentDiff *big.Int) *big.Int {
func calcDifficultyFrontier(time uint64, parent *types.Header) *big.Int {
diff := new(big.Int)
adjust := new(big.Int).Div(parentDiff, params.DifficultyBoundDivisor)
adjust := new(big.Int).Div(parent.Difficulty, params.DifficultyBoundDivisor)
bigTime := new(big.Int)
bigParentTime := new(big.Int)
bigTime.SetUint64(time)
bigParentTime.SetUint64(parentTime)
bigParentTime.Set(parent.Time)
if bigTime.Sub(bigTime, bigParentTime).Cmp(params.DurationLimit) < 0 {
diff.Add(parentDiff, adjust)
diff.Add(parent.Difficulty, adjust)
} else {
diff.Sub(parentDiff, adjust)
diff.Sub(parent.Difficulty, adjust)
}
if diff.Cmp(params.MinimumDifficulty) < 0 {
diff.Set(params.MinimumDifficulty)
}
periodCount := new(big.Int).Add(parentNumber, common.Big1)
periodCount := new(big.Int).Add(parent.Number, common.Big1)
periodCount.Div(periodCount, expDiffPeriod)
if periodCount.Cmp(common.Big1) > 0 {
// diff = diff + 2^(periodCount - 2)
@ -434,8 +437,7 @@ func (ethash *Ethash) Prepare(chain consensus.ChainReader, header *types.Header)
if parent == nil {
return consensus.ErrUnknownAncestor
}
header.Difficulty = CalcDifficulty(chain.Config(), header.Time.Uint64(),
parent.Time.Uint64(), parent.Number, parent.Difficulty)
header.Difficulty = CalcDifficulty(chain.Config(), header.Time.Uint64(), parent)
return nil
}

7
consensus/ethash/consensus_test.go
View File

@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import (
"testing"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/math"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
)
@ -71,7 +72,11 @@ func TestCalcDifficulty(t *testing.T) {
config := &params.ChainConfig{HomesteadBlock: big.NewInt(1150000)}
for name, test := range tests {
number := new(big.Int).Sub(test.CurrentBlocknumber, big.NewInt(1))
diff := CalcDifficulty(config, test.CurrentTimestamp, test.ParentTimestamp, number, test.ParentDifficulty)
diff := CalcDifficulty(config, test.CurrentTimestamp, &types.Header{
Number: number,
Time: new(big.Int).SetUint64(test.ParentTimestamp),
Difficulty: test.ParentDifficulty,
})
if diff.Cmp(test.CurrentDifficulty) != 0 {
t.Error(name, "failed. Expected", test.CurrentDifficulty, "and calculated", diff)
}

19
core/chain_makers.go
View File

@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ func (b *BlockGen) AddTx(tx *types.Transaction) {
if b.gasPool == nil {
b.SetCoinbase(common.Address{})
}
b.statedb.StartRecord(tx.Hash(), common.Hash{}, len(b.txs))
b.statedb.Prepare(tx.Hash(), common.Hash{}, len(b.txs))
receipt, _, err := ApplyTransaction(b.config, nil, &b.header.Coinbase, b.gasPool, b.statedb, b.header, tx, b.header.GasUsed, vm.Config{})
if err != nil {
panic(err)
@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ func (b *BlockGen) OffsetTime(seconds int64) {
if b.header.Time.Cmp(b.parent.Header().Time) <= 0 {
panic("block time out of range")
}
b.header.Difficulty = ethash.CalcDifficulty(b.config, b.header.Time.Uint64(), b.parent.Time().Uint64(), b.parent.Number(), b.parent.Difficulty())
b.header.Difficulty = ethash.CalcDifficulty(b.config, b.header.Time.Uint64(), b.parent.Header())
}
// GenerateChain creates a chain of n blocks. The first block's
@ -209,15 +209,20 @@ func makeHeader(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Block, state *state.St
} else {
time = new(big.Int).Add(parent.Time(), big.NewInt(10)) // block time is fixed at 10 seconds
}
return &types.Header{
Root: state.IntermediateRoot(config.IsEIP158(parent.Number())),
ParentHash: parent.Hash(),
Coinbase: parent.Coinbase(),
Difficulty: ethash.CalcDifficulty(config, time.Uint64(), new(big.Int).Sub(time, big.NewInt(10)).Uint64(), parent.Number(), parent.Difficulty()),
GasLimit: CalcGasLimit(parent),
GasUsed: new(big.Int),
Number: new(big.Int).Add(parent.Number(), common.Big1),
Time: time,
Difficulty: ethash.CalcDifficulty(config, time.Uint64(), &types.Header{
Number: parent.Number(),
Time: new(big.Int).Sub(time, big.NewInt(10)),
Difficulty: parent.Difficulty(),
}),
GasLimit: CalcGasLimit(parent),
GasUsed: new(big.Int),
Number: new(big.Int).Add(parent.Number(), common.Big1),
Time: time,
}
}

9
core/state/journal.go
View File

@ -71,8 +71,8 @@ type (
hash common.Hash
}
touchChange struct {
account *common.Address
prev bool
account *common.Address
prev bool
prevDirty bool
}
)
@ -91,6 +91,11 @@ func (ch suicideChange) undo(s *StateDB) {
if obj != nil {
obj.suicided = ch.prev
obj.setBalance(ch.prevbalance)
// if the object wasn't suicided before, remove
// it from the list of destructed objects as well.
if !obj.suicided {
delete(s.stateObjectsDestructed, *ch.account)
}
}
}

93
core/state/statedb.go
View File

@ -62,8 +62,9 @@ type StateDB struct {
codeSizeCache *lru.Cache
// This map holds 'live' objects, which will get modified while processing a state transition.
stateObjects map[common.Address]*stateObject
stateObjectsDirty map[common.Address]struct{}
stateObjects map[common.Address]*stateObject
stateObjectsDirty map[common.Address]struct{}
stateObjectsDestructed map[common.Address]struct{}
// The refund counter, also used by state transitioning.
refund *big.Int
@ -92,14 +93,15 @@ func New(root common.Hash, db ethdb.Database) (*StateDB, error) {
}
csc, _ := lru.New(codeSizeCacheSize)
return &StateDB{
db: db,
trie: tr,
codeSizeCache: csc,
stateObjects: make(map[common.Address]*stateObject),
stateObjectsDirty: make(map[common.Address]struct{}),
refund: new(big.Int),
logs: make(map[common.Hash][]*types.Log),
preimages: make(map[common.Hash][]byte),
db: db,
trie: tr,
codeSizeCache: csc,
stateObjects: make(map[common.Address]*stateObject),
stateObjectsDirty: make(map[common.Address]struct{}),
stateObjectsDestructed: make(map[common.Address]struct{}),
refund: new(big.Int),
logs: make(map[common.Hash][]*types.Log),
preimages: make(map[common.Hash][]byte),
}, nil
}
@ -114,14 +116,15 @@ func (self *StateDB) New(root common.Hash) (*StateDB, error) {
return nil, err
}
return &StateDB{
db: self.db,
trie: tr,
codeSizeCache: self.codeSizeCache,
stateObjects: make(map[common.Address]*stateObject),
stateObjectsDirty: make(map[common.Address]struct{}),
refund: new(big.Int),
logs: make(map[common.Hash][]*types.Log),
preimages: make(map[common.Hash][]byte),
db: self.db,
trie: tr,
codeSizeCache: self.codeSizeCache,
stateObjects: make(map[common.Address]*stateObject),
stateObjectsDirty: make(map[common.Address]struct{}),
stateObjectsDestructed: make(map[common.Address]struct{}),
refund: new(big.Int),
logs: make(map[common.Hash][]*types.Log),
preimages: make(map[common.Hash][]byte),
}, nil
}
@ -138,6 +141,7 @@ func (self *StateDB) Reset(root common.Hash) error {
self.trie = tr
self.stateObjects = make(map[common.Address]*stateObject)
self.stateObjectsDirty = make(map[common.Address]struct{})
self.stateObjectsDestructed = make(map[common.Address]struct{})
self.thash = common.Hash{}
self.bhash = common.Hash{}
self.txIndex = 0
@ -173,12 +177,6 @@ func (self *StateDB) pushTrie(t *trie.SecureTrie) {
}
}
func (self *StateDB) StartRecord(thash, bhash common.Hash, ti int) {
self.thash = thash
self.bhash = bhash
self.txIndex = ti
}
func (self *StateDB) AddLog(log *types.Log) {
self.journal = append(self.journal, addLogChange{txhash: self.thash})
@ -380,6 +378,8 @@ func (self *StateDB) Suicide(addr common.Address) bool {
})
stateObject.markSuicided()
stateObject.data.Balance = new(big.Int)
self.stateObjectsDestructed[addr] = struct{}{}
return true
}
@ -510,21 +510,25 @@ func (self *StateDB) Copy() *StateDB {
// Copy all the basic fields, initialize the memory ones
state := &StateDB{
db: self.db,
trie: self.trie,
pastTries: self.pastTries,
codeSizeCache: self.codeSizeCache,
stateObjects: make(map[common.Address]*stateObject, len(self.stateObjectsDirty)),
stateObjectsDirty: make(map[common.Address]struct{}, len(self.stateObjectsDirty)),
refund: new(big.Int).Set(self.refund),
logs: make(map[common.Hash][]*types.Log, len(self.logs)),
logSize: self.logSize,
preimages: make(map[common.Hash][]byte),
db: self.db,
trie: self.trie,
pastTries: self.pastTries,
codeSizeCache: self.codeSizeCache,
stateObjects: make(map[common.Address]*stateObject, len(self.stateObjectsDirty)),
stateObjectsDirty: make(map[common.Address]struct{}, len(self.stateObjectsDirty)),
stateObjectsDestructed: make(map[common.Address]struct{}, len(self.stateObjectsDestructed)),
refund: new(big.Int).Set(self.refund),
logs: make(map[common.Hash][]*types.Log, len(self.logs)),
logSize: self.logSize,
preimages: make(map[common.Hash][]byte),
}
// Copy the dirty states, logs, and preimages
for addr := range self.stateObjectsDirty {
state.stateObjects[addr] = self.stateObjects[addr].deepCopy(state, state.MarkStateObjectDirty)
state.stateObjectsDirty[addr] = struct{}{}
if self.stateObjects[addr].suicided {
state.stateObjectsDestructed[addr] = struct{}{}
}
}
for hash, logs := range self.logs {
state.logs[hash] = make([]*types.Log, len(logs))
@ -590,6 +594,27 @@ func (s *StateDB) IntermediateRoot(deleteEmptyObjects bool) common.Hash {
return s.trie.Hash()
}
// Prepare sets the current transaction hash and index and block hash which is
// used when the EVM emits new state logs.
func (self *StateDB) Prepare(thash, bhash common.Hash, ti int) {
self.thash = thash
self.bhash = bhash
self.txIndex = ti
}
// Finalise finalises the state by removing the self destructed objects
// in the current stateObjectsDestructed buffer and clears the journal
// as well as the refunds.
//
// Please note that Finalise is used by EIP#98 and is used instead of
// IntermediateRoot.
func (s *StateDB) Finalise() {
for addr := range s.stateObjectsDestructed {
s.deleteStateObject(s.stateObjects[addr])
}
s.clearJournalAndRefund()
}
// DeleteSuicides flags the suicided objects for deletion so that it
// won't be referenced again when called / queried up on.
//

5
core/state_processor.go
View File

@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ func (p *StateProcessor) Process(block *types.Block, statedb *state.StateDB, cfg
}
// Iterate over and process the individual transactions
for i, tx := range block.Transactions() {
statedb.StartRecord(tx.Hash(), block.Hash(), i)
statedb.Prepare(tx.Hash(), block.Hash(), i)
receipt, _, err := ApplyTransaction(p.config, p.bc, nil, gp, statedb, header, tx, totalUsedGas, cfg)
if err != nil {
return nil, nil, nil, err
@ -107,7 +107,8 @@ func ApplyTransaction(config *params.ChainConfig, bc *BlockChain, author *common
usedGas.Add(usedGas, gas)
// Create a new receipt for the transaction, storing the intermediate root and gas used by the tx
// based on the eip phase, we're passing wether the root touch-delete accounts.
receipt := types.NewReceipt(statedb.IntermediateRoot(config.IsEIP158(header.Number)).Bytes(), usedGas)
root := statedb.IntermediateRoot(config.IsEIP158(header.Number))
receipt := types.NewReceipt(root.Bytes(), usedGas)
receipt.TxHash = tx.Hash()
receipt.GasUsed = new(big.Int).Set(gas)
// if the transaction created a contract, store the creation address in the receipt.

7
core/types/transaction_signing.go
View File

@ -27,7 +27,12 @@ import (
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
)
var ErrInvalidChainId = errors.New("invalid chaid id for signer")
var (
ErrInvalidChainId = errors.New("invalid chaid id for signer")
errAbstractSigner = errors.New("abstract signer")
abstractSignerAddress = common.HexToAddress("ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff")
)
// sigCache is used to cache the derived sender and contains
// the signer used to derive it.

49
core/vm/contracts.go
View File

@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package vm
import (
"crypto/sha256"
"errors"
"math/big"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
@ -27,15 +28,17 @@ import (
"golang.org/x/crypto/ripemd160"
)
var errBadPrecompileInput = errors.New("bad pre compile input")
// Precompiled contract is the basic interface for native Go contracts. The implementation
// requires a deterministic gas count based on the input size of the Run method of the
// contract.
type PrecompiledContract interface {
RequiredGas(inputSize int) uint64 // RequiredPrice calculates the contract gas use
Run(input []byte) []byte // Run runs the precompiled contract
RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 // RequiredPrice calculates the contract gas use
Run(input []byte) ([]byte, error) // Run runs the precompiled contract
}
// Precompiled contains the default set of ethereum contracts
// PrecompiledContracts contains the default set of ethereum contracts
var PrecompiledContracts = map[common.Address]PrecompiledContract{
common.BytesToAddress([]byte{1}): &ecrecover{},
common.BytesToAddress([]byte{2}): &sha256hash{},
@ -45,11 +48,9 @@ var PrecompiledContracts = map[common.Address]PrecompiledContract{
// RunPrecompile runs and evaluate the output of a precompiled contract defined in contracts.go
func RunPrecompiledContract(p PrecompiledContract, input []byte, contract *Contract) (ret []byte, err error) {
gas := p.RequiredGas(len(input))
gas := p.RequiredGas(input)
if contract.UseGas(gas) {
ret = p.Run(input)
return ret, nil
return p.Run(input)
} else {
return nil, ErrOutOfGas
}
@ -58,11 +59,11 @@ func RunPrecompiledContract(p PrecompiledContract, input []byte, contract *Contr
// ECRECOVER implemented as a native contract
type ecrecover struct{}
func (c *ecrecover) RequiredGas(inputSize int) uint64 {
func (c *ecrecover) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 {
return params.EcrecoverGas
}
func (c *ecrecover) Run(in []byte) []byte {
func (c *ecrecover) Run(in []byte) ([]byte, error) {
const ecRecoverInputLength = 128
in = common.RightPadBytes(in, ecRecoverInputLength)
@ -76,18 +77,18 @@ func (c *ecrecover) Run(in []byte) []byte {
// tighter sig s values in homestead only apply to tx sigs
if !allZero(in[32:63]) || !crypto.ValidateSignatureValues(v, r, s, false) {
log.Trace("ECRECOVER error: v, r or s value invalid")
return nil
return nil, nil
}
// v needs to be at the end for libsecp256k1
pubKey, err := crypto.Ecrecover(in[:32], append(in[64:128], v))
// make sure the public key is a valid one
if err != nil {
log.Trace("ECRECOVER failed", "err", err)
return nil
return nil, nil
}
// the first byte of pubkey is bitcoin heritage
return common.LeftPadBytes(crypto.Keccak256(pubKey[1:])[12:], 32)
return common.LeftPadBytes(crypto.Keccak256(pubKey[1:])[12:], 32), nil
}
// SHA256 implemented as a native contract
@ -97,12 +98,12 @@ type sha256hash struct{}
//
// This method does not require any overflow checking as the input size gas costs
// required for anything significant is so high it's impossible to pay for.
func (c *sha256hash) RequiredGas(inputSize int) uint64 {
return uint64(inputSize+31)/32*params.Sha256WordGas + params.Sha256Gas
func (c *sha256hash) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 {
return uint64(len(input)+31)/32*params.Sha256WordGas + params.Sha256Gas
}
func (c *sha256hash) Run(in []byte) []byte {
func (c *sha256hash) Run(in []byte) ([]byte, error) {
h := sha256.Sum256(in)
return h[:]
return h[:], nil
}
// RIPMED160 implemented as a native contract
@ -112,13 +113,13 @@ type ripemd160hash struct{}
//
// This method does not require any overflow checking as the input size gas costs
// required for anything significant is so high it's impossible to pay for.
func (c *ripemd160hash) RequiredGas(inputSize int) uint64 {
return uint64(inputSize+31)/32*params.Ripemd160WordGas + params.Ripemd160Gas
func (c *ripemd160hash) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 {
return uint64(len(input)+31)/32*params.Ripemd160WordGas + params.Ripemd160Gas
}
func (c *ripemd160hash) Run(in []byte) []byte {
func (c *ripemd160hash) Run(in []byte) ([]byte, error) {
ripemd := ripemd160.New()
ripemd.Write(in)
return common.LeftPadBytes(ripemd.Sum(nil), 32)
return common.LeftPadBytes(ripemd.Sum(nil), 32), nil
}
// data copy implemented as a native contract
@ -128,9 +129,9 @@ type dataCopy struct{}
//
// This method does not require any overflow checking as the input size gas costs
// required for anything significant is so high it's impossible to pay for.
func (c *dataCopy) RequiredGas(inputSize int) uint64 {
return uint64(inputSize+31)/32*params.IdentityWordGas + params.IdentityGas
func (c *dataCopy) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 {
return uint64(len(input)+31)/32*params.IdentityWordGas + params.IdentityGas
}
func (c *dataCopy) Run(in []byte) []byte {
return in
func (c *dataCopy) Run(in []byte) ([]byte, error) {
return in, nil
}

1
core/vm/contracts_test.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1 @@
package vm

49
core/vm/evm.go
View File

@ -33,7 +33,20 @@ type (
GetHashFunc func(uint64) common.Hash
)
// Context provides the EVM with auxiliary information. Once provided it shouldn't be modified.
// run runs the given contract and takes care of running precompiles with a fallback to the byte code interpreter.
func run(evm *EVM, snapshot int, contract *Contract, input []byte) ([]byte, error) {
if contract.CodeAddr != nil {
precompiledContracts := PrecompiledContracts
if p := precompiledContracts[*contract.CodeAddr]; p != nil {
return RunPrecompiledContract(p, input, contract)
}
}
return evm.interpreter.Run(snapshot, contract, input)
}
// Context provides the EVM with auxiliary information. Once provided
// it shouldn't be modified.
type Context struct {
// CanTransfer returns whether the account contains
// sufficient ether to transfer the value
@ -55,7 +68,13 @@ type Context struct {
Difficulty *big.Int // Provides information for DIFFICULTY
}
// EVM provides information about external sources for the EVM
// EVM is the Ethereum Virtual Machine base object and provides
// the necessary tools to run a contract on the given state with
// the provided context. It should be noted that any error
// generated through any of the calls should be considered a
// revert-state-and-consume-all-gas operation, no checks on
// specific errors should ever be performed. The interpreter makes
// sure that any errors generated are to be considered faulty code.
//
// The EVM should never be reused and is not thread safe.
type EVM struct {
@ -68,6 +87,8 @@ type EVM struct {
// chainConfig contains information about the current chain
chainConfig *params.ChainConfig
// chain rules contains the chain rules for the current epoch
chainRules params.Rules
// virtual machine configuration options used to initialise the
// evm.
vmConfig Config
@ -79,21 +100,23 @@ type EVM struct {
abort int32
}
// NewEVM retutrns a new EVM evmironment.
// NewEVM retutrns a new EVM evmironment. The returned EVM is not thread safe
// and should only ever be used *once*.
func NewEVM(ctx Context, statedb StateDB, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig, vmConfig Config) *EVM {
evm := &EVM{
Context: ctx,
StateDB: statedb,
vmConfig: vmConfig,
chainConfig: chainConfig,
chainRules: chainConfig.Rules(ctx.BlockNumber),
}
evm.interpreter = NewInterpreter(evm, vmConfig)
return evm
}
// Cancel cancels any running EVM operation. This may be called concurrently and it's safe to be
// called multiple times.
// Cancel cancels any running EVM operation. This may be called concurrently and
// it's safe to be called multiple times.
func (evm *EVM) Cancel() {
atomic.StoreInt32(&evm.abort, 1)
}
@ -134,13 +157,12 @@ func (evm *EVM) Call(caller ContractRef, addr common.Address, input []byte, gas
contract := NewContract(caller, to, value, gas)
contract.SetCallCode(&addr, evm.StateDB.GetCodeHash(addr), evm.StateDB.GetCode(addr))
ret, err = evm.interpreter.Run(contract, input)
ret, err = run(evm, snapshot, contract, input)
// When an error was returned by the EVM or when setting the creation code
// above we revert to the snapshot and consume any gas remaining. Additionally
// when we're in homestead this also counts for code storage gas errors.
if err != nil {
contract.UseGas(contract.Gas)
evm.StateDB.RevertToSnapshot(snapshot)
}
return ret, contract.Gas, err
@ -175,10 +197,9 @@ func (evm *EVM) CallCode(caller ContractRef, addr common.Address, input []byte,
contract := NewContract(caller, to, value, gas)
contract.SetCallCode(&addr, evm.StateDB.GetCodeHash(addr), evm.StateDB.GetCode(addr))
ret, err = evm.interpreter.Run(contract, input)
ret, err = run(evm, snapshot, contract, input)
if err != nil {
contract.UseGas(contract.Gas)
evm.StateDB.RevertToSnapshot(snapshot)
}
@ -210,10 +231,9 @@ func (evm *EVM) DelegateCall(caller ContractRef, addr common.Address, input []by
contract := NewContract(caller, to, nil, gas).AsDelegate()
contract.SetCallCode(&addr, evm.StateDB.GetCodeHash(addr), evm.StateDB.GetCode(addr))
ret, err = evm.interpreter.Run(contract, input)
ret, err = run(evm, snapshot, contract, input)
if err != nil {
contract.UseGas(contract.Gas)
evm.StateDB.RevertToSnapshot(snapshot)
}
@ -253,8 +273,7 @@ func (evm *EVM) Create(caller ContractRef, code []byte, gas uint64, value *big.I
contract := NewContract(caller, AccountRef(contractAddr), value, gas)
contract.SetCallCode(&contractAddr, crypto.Keccak256Hash(code), code)
ret, err = evm.interpreter.Run(contract, nil)
ret, err = run(evm, snapshot, contract, nil)
// check whether the max code size has been exceeded
maxCodeSizeExceeded := len(ret) > params.MaxCodeSize
// if the contract creation ran successfully and no errors were returned
@ -275,10 +294,8 @@ func (evm *EVM) Create(caller ContractRef, code []byte, gas uint64, value *big.I
// when we're in homestead this also counts for code storage gas errors.
if maxCodeSizeExceeded ||
(err != nil && (evm.ChainConfig().IsHomestead(evm.BlockNumber) || err != ErrCodeStoreOutOfGas)) {
contract.UseGas(contract.Gas)
evm.StateDB.RevertToSnapshot(snapshot)
// Nothing should be returned when an error is thrown.
return nil, contractAddr, 0, err
}
// If the vm returned with an error the return value should be set to nil.
// This isn't consensus critical but merely to for behaviour reasons such as

38
core/vm/instructions.go
View File

@ -27,7 +27,9 @@ import (
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
)
var bigZero = new(big.Int)
var (
bigZero = new(big.Int)
)
func opAdd(pc *uint64, evm *EVM, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
@ -599,7 +601,7 @@ func opCall(pc *uint64, evm *EVM, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Sta
contract.Gas += returnGas
evm.interpreter.intPool.put(addr, value, inOffset, inSize, retOffset, retSize)
return nil, nil
return ret, nil
}
func opCallCode(pc *uint64, evm *EVM, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
@ -633,16 +635,10 @@ func opCallCode(pc *uint64, evm *EVM, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack
contract.Gas += returnGas
evm.interpreter.intPool.put(addr, value, inOffset, inSize, retOffset, retSize)
return nil, nil
return ret, nil
}
func opDelegateCall(pc *uint64, evm *EVM, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
// if not homestead return an error. DELEGATECALL is not supported
// during pre-homestead.
if !evm.ChainConfig().IsHomestead(evm.BlockNumber) {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid opcode %x", DELEGATECALL)
}
gas, to, inOffset, inSize, outOffset, outSize := stack.pop().Uint64(), stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop()
toAddr := common.BigToAddress(to)
@ -658,7 +654,7 @@ func opDelegateCall(pc *uint64, evm *EVM, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, st
contract.Gas += returnGas
evm.interpreter.intPool.put(to, inOffset, inSize, outOffset, outSize)
return nil, nil
return ret, nil
}
func opReturn(pc *uint64, evm *EVM, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
@ -666,6 +662,7 @@ func opReturn(pc *uint64, evm *EVM, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *S
ret := memory.GetPtr(offset.Int64(), size.Int64())
evm.interpreter.intPool.put(offset, size)
return ret, nil
}
@ -709,10 +706,23 @@ func makeLog(size int) executionFunc {
}
// make push instruction function
func makePush(size uint64, bsize *big.Int) executionFunc {
func makePush(size uint64, pushByteSize int) executionFunc {
return func(pc *uint64, evm *EVM, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
byts := getData(contract.Code, evm.interpreter.intPool.get().SetUint64(*pc+1), bsize)
stack.push(new(big.Int).SetBytes(byts))
codeLen := len(contract.Code)
startMin := codeLen
if int(*pc+1) < startMin {
startMin = int(*pc + 1)
}
endMin := codeLen
if startMin+pushByteSize < endMin {
endMin = startMin + pushByteSize
}
integer := evm.interpreter.intPool.get()
stack.push(integer.SetBytes(common.RightPadBytes(contract.Code[startMin:endMin], pushByteSize)))
*pc += size
return nil, nil
}
@ -721,7 +731,7 @@ func makePush(size uint64, bsize *big.Int) executionFunc {
// make push instruction function
func makeDup(size int64) executionFunc {
return func(pc *uint64, evm *EVM, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
stack.dup(int(size))
stack.dup(evm.interpreter.intPool, int(size))
return nil, nil
}
}

82
core/vm/interpreter.go
View File

@ -52,43 +52,53 @@ type Config struct {
}
// Interpreter is used to run Ethereum based contracts and will utilise the
// passed environment to query external sources for state information.
// passed evmironment to query external sources for state information.
// The Interpreter will run the byte code VM or JIT VM based on the passed
// configuration.
type Interpreter struct {
env *EVM
evm *EVM
cfg Config
gasTable params.GasTable
intPool *intPool
readonly bool
}
// NewInterpreter returns a new instance of the Interpreter.
func NewInterpreter(env *EVM, cfg Config) *Interpreter {
func NewInterpreter(evm *EVM, cfg Config) *Interpreter {
// We use the STOP instruction whether to see
// the jump table was initialised. If it was not
// we'll set the default jump table.
if !cfg.JumpTable[STOP].valid {
cfg.JumpTable = defaultJumpTable
switch {
case evm.ChainConfig().IsHomestead(evm.BlockNumber):
cfg.JumpTable = homesteadInstructionSet
default:
cfg.JumpTable = frontierInstructionSet
}
}
return &Interpreter{
env: env,
evm: evm,
cfg: cfg,
gasTable: env.ChainConfig().GasTable(env.BlockNumber),
gasTable: evm.ChainConfig().GasTable(evm.BlockNumber),
intPool: newIntPool(),
}
}
// Run loops and evaluates the contract's code with the given input data
func (evm *Interpreter) Run(contract *Contract, input []byte) (ret []byte, err error) {
evm.env.depth++
defer func() { evm.env.depth-- }()
func (in *Interpreter) enforceRestrictions(op OpCode, operation operation, stack *Stack) error {
return nil
}
if contract.CodeAddr != nil {
if p := PrecompiledContracts[*contract.CodeAddr]; p != nil {
return RunPrecompiledContract(p, input, contract)
}
}
// Run loops and evaluates the contract's code with the given input data and returns
// the return byte-slice and an error if one occured.
//
// It's important to note that any errors returned by the interpreter should be
// considered a revert-and-consume-all-gas operation. No error specific checks
// should be handled to reduce complexity and errors further down the in.
func (in *Interpreter) Run(snapshot int, contract *Contract, input []byte) (ret []byte, err error) {
in.evm.depth++
defer func() { in.evm.depth-- }()
// Don't bother with the execution if there's no code.
if len(contract.Code) == 0 {
@ -105,7 +115,8 @@ func (evm *Interpreter) Run(contract *Contract, input []byte) (ret []byte, err e
mem = NewMemory() // bound memory
stack = newstack() // local stack
// For optimisation reason we're using uint64 as the program counter.
// It's theoretically possible to go above 2^64. The YP defines the PC to be uint256. Practically much less so feasible.
// It's theoretically possible to go above 2^64. The YP defines the PC
// to be uint256. Practically much less so feasible.
pc = uint64(0) // program counter
cost uint64
)
@ -113,31 +124,34 @@ func (evm *Interpreter) Run(contract *Contract, input []byte) (ret []byte, err e
// User defer pattern to check for an error and, based on the error being nil or not, use all gas and return.
defer func() {
if err != nil && evm.cfg.Debug {
if err != nil && in.cfg.Debug {
// XXX For debugging
//fmt.Printf("%04d: %8v cost = %-8d stack = %-8d ERR = %v\n", pc, op, cost, stack.len(), err)
evm.cfg.Tracer.CaptureState(evm.env, pc, op, contract.Gas, cost, mem, stack, contract, evm.env.depth, err)
in.cfg.Tracer.CaptureState(in.evm, pc, op, contract.Gas, cost, mem, stack, contract, in.evm.depth, err)
}
}()
log.Debug("EVM running contract", "hash", codehash[:])
log.Debug("interpreter running contract", "hash", codehash[:])
tstart := time.Now()
defer log.Debug("EVM finished running contract", "hash", codehash[:], "elapsed", time.Since(tstart))
defer log.Debug("interpreter finished running contract", "hash", codehash[:], "elapsed", time.Since(tstart))
// The Interpreter main run loop (contextual). This loop runs until either an
// explicit STOP, RETURN or SELFDESTRUCT is executed, an error occurred during
// the execution of one of the operations or until the evm.done is set by
// the parent context.Context.
for atomic.LoadInt32(&evm.env.abort) == 0 {
// the execution of one of the operations or until the done flag is set by the
// parent context.
for atomic.LoadInt32(&in.evm.abort) == 0 {
// Get the memory location of pc
op = contract.GetOp(pc)
// get the operation from the jump table matching the opcode
operation := evm.cfg.JumpTable[op]
operation := in.cfg.JumpTable[op]
if err := in.enforceRestrictions(op, operation, stack); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
// if the op is invalid abort the process and return an error
if !operation.valid {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid opcode %x", op)
return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid opcode 0x%x", int(op))
}
// validate the stack and make sure there enough stack items available
@ -161,10 +175,10 @@ func (evm *Interpreter) Run(contract *Contract, input []byte) (ret []byte, err e
}
}
if !evm.cfg.DisableGasMetering {
if !in.cfg.DisableGasMetering {
// consume the gas and return an error if not enough gas is available.
// cost is explicitly set so that the capture state defer method cas get the proper cost
cost, err = operation.gasCost(evm.gasTable, evm.env, contract, stack, mem, memorySize)
cost, err = operation.gasCost(in.gasTable, in.evm, contract, stack, mem, memorySize)
if err != nil || !contract.UseGas(cost) {
return nil, ErrOutOfGas
}
@ -173,19 +187,20 @@ func (evm *Interpreter) Run(contract *Contract, input []byte) (ret []byte, err e
mem.Resize(memorySize)
}
if evm.cfg.Debug {
evm.cfg.Tracer.CaptureState(evm.env, pc, op, contract.Gas, cost, mem, stack, contract, evm.env.depth, err)
if in.cfg.Debug {
in.cfg.Tracer.CaptureState(in.evm, pc, op, contract.Gas, cost, mem, stack, contract, in.evm.depth, err)
}
// XXX For debugging
//fmt.Printf("%04d: %8v cost = %-8d stack = %-8d\n", pc, op, cost, stack.len())
// execute the operation
res, err := operation.execute(&pc, evm.env, contract, mem, stack)
res, err := operation.execute(&pc, in.evm, contract, mem, stack)
// verifyPool is a build flag. Pool verification makes sure the integrity
// of the integer pool by comparing values to a default value.
if verifyPool {
verifyIntegerPool(evm.intPool)
verifyIntegerPool(in.intPool)
}
switch {
case err != nil:
return nil, err
@ -194,6 +209,11 @@ func (evm *Interpreter) Run(contract *Contract, input []byte) (ret []byte, err e
case !operation.jumps:
pc++
}
// if the operation returned a value make sure that is also set
// the last return data.
if res != nil {
mem.lastReturn = ret
}
}
return nil, nil
}

6
core/vm/intpool.go
View File

@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ import "math/big"
var checkVal = big.NewInt(-42)
const poolLimit = 256
// intPool is a pool of big integers that
// can be reused for all big.Int operations.
type intPool struct {
@ -37,6 +39,10 @@ func (p *intPool) get() *big.Int {
return new(big.Int)
}
func (p *intPool) put(is ...*big.Int) {
if len(p.pool.data) > poolLimit {
return
}
for _, i := range is {
// verifyPool is a build flag. Pool verification makes sure the integrity
// of the integer pool by comparing values to a default value.

101
core/vm/jump_table.go
View File

@ -47,13 +47,36 @@ type operation struct {
// jumps indicates whether operation made a jump. This prevents the program
// counter from further incrementing.
jumps bool
// writes determines whether this a state modifying operation
writes bool
// valid is used to check whether the retrieved operation is valid and known
valid bool
// reverts determined whether the operation reverts state
reverts bool
}
var defaultJumpTable = NewJumpTable()
var (
frontierInstructionSet = NewFrontierInstructionSet()
homesteadInstructionSet = NewHomesteadInstructionSet()
)
func NewJumpTable() [256]operation {
// NewHomesteadInstructionSet returns the frontier and homestead
// instructions that can be executed during the homestead phase.
func NewHomesteadInstructionSet() [256]operation {
instructionSet := NewFrontierInstructionSet()
instructionSet[DELEGATECALL] = operation{
execute: opDelegateCall,
gasCost: gasDelegateCall,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(6, 1),
memorySize: memoryDelegateCall,
valid: true,
}
return instructionSet
}
// NewFrontierInstructionSet returns the frontier instructions
// that can be executed during the frontier phase.
func NewFrontierInstructionSet() [256]operation {
return [256]operation{
STOP: {
execute: opStop,
@ -357,6 +380,7 @@ func NewJumpTable() [256]operation {
gasCost: gasSStore,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(2, 0),
valid: true,
writes: true,
},
JUMP: {
execute: opJump,
@ -397,193 +421,193 @@ func NewJumpTable() [256]operation {
valid: true,
},
PUSH1: {
execute: makePush(1, big.NewInt(1)),
execute: makePush(1, 1),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH2: {
execute: makePush(2, big.NewInt(2)),
execute: makePush(2, 2),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH3: {
execute: makePush(3, big.NewInt(3)),
execute: makePush(3, 3),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH4: {
execute: makePush(4, big.NewInt(4)),
execute: makePush(4, 4),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH5: {
execute: makePush(5, big.NewInt(5)),
execute: makePush(5, 5),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH6: {
execute: makePush(6, big.NewInt(6)),
execute: makePush(6, 6),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH7: {
execute: makePush(7, big.NewInt(7)),
execute: makePush(7, 7),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH8: {
execute: makePush(8, big.NewInt(8)),
execute: makePush(8, 8),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH9: {
execute: makePush(9, big.NewInt(9)),
execute: makePush(9, 9),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH10: {
execute: makePush(10, big.NewInt(10)),
execute: makePush(10, 10),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH11: {
execute: makePush(11, big.NewInt(11)),
execute: makePush(11, 11),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH12: {
execute: makePush(12, big.NewInt(12)),
execute: makePush(12, 12),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH13: {
execute: makePush(13, big.NewInt(13)),
execute: makePush(13, 13),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH14: {
execute: makePush(14, big.NewInt(14)),
execute: makePush(14, 14),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH15: {
execute: makePush(15, big.NewInt(15)),
execute: makePush(15, 15),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH16: {
execute: makePush(16, big.NewInt(16)),
execute: makePush(16, 16),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH17: {
execute: makePush(17, big.NewInt(17)),
execute: makePush(17, 17),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH18: {
execute: makePush(18, big.NewInt(18)),
execute: makePush(18, 18),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH19: {
execute: makePush(19, big.NewInt(19)),
execute: makePush(19, 19),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH20: {
execute: makePush(20, big.NewInt(20)),
execute: makePush(20, 20),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH21: {
execute: makePush(21, big.NewInt(21)),
execute: makePush(21, 21),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH22: {
execute: makePush(22, big.NewInt(22)),
execute: makePush(22, 22),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH23: {
execute: makePush(23, big.NewInt(23)),
execute: makePush(23, 23),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH24: {
execute: makePush(24, big.NewInt(24)),
execute: makePush(24, 24),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH25: {
execute: makePush(25, big.NewInt(25)),
execute: makePush(25, 25),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH26: {
execute: makePush(26, big.NewInt(26)),
execute: makePush(26, 26),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH27: {
execute: makePush(27, big.NewInt(27)),
execute: makePush(27, 27),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH28: {
execute: makePush(28, big.NewInt(28)),
execute: makePush(28, 28),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH29: {
execute: makePush(29, big.NewInt(29)),
execute: makePush(29, 29),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH30: {
execute: makePush(30, big.NewInt(30)),
execute: makePush(30, 30),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH31: {
execute: makePush(31, big.NewInt(31)),
execute: makePush(31, 31),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
},
PUSH32: {
execute: makePush(32, big.NewInt(32)),
execute: makePush(32, 32),
gasCost: gasPush,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(0, 1),
valid: true,
@ -821,6 +845,7 @@ func NewJumpTable() [256]operation {
validateStack: makeStackFunc(3, 1),
memorySize: memoryCreate,
valid: true,
writes: true,
},
CALL: {
execute: opCall,
@ -844,19 +869,13 @@ func NewJumpTable() [256]operation {
halts: true,
valid: true,
},
DELEGATECALL: {
execute: opDelegateCall,
gasCost: gasDelegateCall,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(6, 1),
memorySize: memoryDelegateCall,
valid: true,
},
SELFDESTRUCT: {
execute: opSuicide,
gasCost: gasSuicide,
validateStack: makeStackFunc(1, 0),
halts: true,
valid: true,
writes: true,
},
}
}

1
core/vm/memory.go
View File

@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import "fmt"
type Memory struct {
store []byte
lastGasCost uint64
lastReturn []byte
}
func NewMemory() *Memory {

4
core/vm/stack.go
View File

@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ func (st *Stack) swap(n int) {
st.data[st.len()-n], st.data[st.len()-1] = st.data[st.len()-1], st.data[st.len()-n]
}
func (st *Stack) dup(n int) {
st.push(new(big.Int).Set(st.data[st.len()-n]))
func (st *Stack) dup(pool *intPool, n int) {
st.push(pool.get().Set(st.data[st.len()-n]))
}
func (st *Stack) peek() *big.Int {

428
crypto/bn256/bn256.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,428 @@
// Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
// Package bn256 implements a particular bilinear group at the 128-bit security level.
//
// Bilinear groups are the basis of many of the new cryptographic protocols
// that have been proposed over the past decade. They consist of a triplet of
// groups (G₁, G₂ and GT) such that there exists a function e(g₁ˣ,g₂ʸ)=gTˣʸ
// (where gₓ is a generator of the respective group). That function is called
// a pairing function.
//
// This package specifically implements the Optimal Ate pairing over a 256-bit
// Barreto-Naehrig curve as described in
// http://cryptojedi.org/papers/dclxvi-20100714.pdf. Its output is compatible
// with the implementation described in that paper.
package bn256
import (
"crypto/rand"
"io"
"math/big"
)
// BUG(agl): this implementation is not constant time.
// TODO(agl): keep GF(p²) elements in Mongomery form.
// G1 is an abstract cyclic group. The zero value is suitable for use as the
// output of an operation, but cannot be used as an input.
type G1 struct {
p *curvePoint
}
// RandomG1 returns x and g₁ˣ where x is a random, non-zero number read from r.
func RandomG1(r io.Reader) (*big.Int, *G1, error) {
var k *big.Int
var err error
for {
k, err = rand.Int(r, Order)
if err != nil {
return nil, nil, err
}
if k.Sign() > 0 {
break
}
}
return k, new(G1).ScalarBaseMult(k), nil
}
func (g *G1) String() string {
return "bn256.G1" + g.p.String()
}
// CurvePoints returns p's curve points in big integer
func (e *G1) CurvePoints() (*big.Int, *big.Int, *big.Int, *big.Int) {
return e.p.x, e.p.y, e.p.z, e.p.t
}
// ScalarBaseMult sets e to g*k where g is the generator of the group and
// then returns e.
func (e *G1) ScalarBaseMult(k *big.Int) *G1 {
if e.p == nil {
e.p = newCurvePoint(nil)
}
e.p.Mul(curveGen, k, new(bnPool))
return e
}
// ScalarMult sets e to a*k and then returns e.
func (e *G1) ScalarMult(a *G1, k *big.Int) *G1 {
if e.p == nil {
e.p = newCurvePoint(nil)
}
e.p.Mul(a.p, k, new(bnPool))
return e
}
// Add sets e to a+b and then returns e.
// BUG(agl): this function is not complete: a==b fails.
func (e *G1) Add(a, b *G1) *G1 {
if e.p == nil {
e.p = newCurvePoint(nil)
}
e.p.Add(a.p, b.p, new(bnPool))
return e
}
// Neg sets e to -a and then returns e.
func (e *G1) Neg(a *G1) *G1 {
if e.p == nil {
e.p = newCurvePoint(nil)
}
e.p.Negative(a.p)
return e
}
// Marshal converts n to a byte slice.
func (n *G1) Marshal() []byte {
n.p.MakeAffine(nil)
xBytes := new(big.Int).Mod(n.p.x, P).Bytes()
yBytes := new(big.Int).Mod(n.p.y, P).Bytes()
// Each value is a 256-bit number.
const numBytes = 256 / 8
ret := make([]byte, numBytes*2)
copy(ret[1*numBytes-len(xBytes):], xBytes)
copy(ret[2*numBytes-len(yBytes):], yBytes)
return ret
}
// Unmarshal sets e to the result of converting the output of Marshal back into
// a group element and then returns e.
func (e *G1) Unmarshal(m []byte) (*G1, bool) {
// Each value is a 256-bit number.
const numBytes = 256 / 8
if len(m) != 2*numBytes {
return nil, false
}
if e.p == nil {
e.p = newCurvePoint(nil)
}
e.p.x.SetBytes(m[0*numBytes : 1*numBytes])
e.p.y.SetBytes(m[1*numBytes : 2*numBytes])
if e.p.x.Sign() == 0 && e.p.y.Sign() == 0 {
// This is the point at infinity.
e.p.y.SetInt64(1)
e.p.z.SetInt64(0)
e.p.t.SetInt64(0)
} else {
e.p.z.SetInt64(1)
e.p.t.SetInt64(1)
if !e.p.IsOnCurve() {
return nil, false
}
}
return e, true
}
// G2 is an abstract cyclic group. The zero value is suitable for use as the
// output of an operation, but cannot be used as an input.
type G2 struct {
p *twistPoint
}
// RandomG1 returns x and g₂ˣ where x is a random, non-zero number read from r.
func RandomG2(r io.Reader) (*big.Int, *G2, error) {
var k *big.Int
var err error
for {
k, err = rand.Int(r, Order)
if err != nil {
return nil, nil, err
}
if k.Sign() > 0 {
break
}
}
return k, new(G2).ScalarBaseMult(k), nil
}
func (g *G2) String() string {
return "bn256.G2" + g.p.String()
}
// CurvePoints returns the curve points of p which includes the real
// and imaginary parts of the curve point.
func (e *G2) CurvePoints() (*gfP2, *gfP2, *gfP2, *gfP2) {
return e.p.x, e.p.y, e.p.z, e.p.t
}
// ScalarBaseMult sets e to g*k where g is the generator of the group and
// then returns out.
func (e *G2) ScalarBaseMult(k *big.Int) *G2 {
if e.p == nil {
e.p = newTwistPoint(nil)
}
e.p.Mul(twistGen, k, new(bnPool))
return e
}
// ScalarMult sets e to a*k and then returns e.
func (e *G2) ScalarMult(a *G2, k *big.Int) *G2 {
if e.p == nil {
e.p = newTwistPoint(nil)
}
e.p.Mul(a.p, k, new(bnPool))
return e
}
// Add sets e to a+b and then returns e.
// BUG(agl): this function is not complete: a==b fails.
func (e *G2) Add(a, b *G2) *G2 {
if e.p == nil {
e.p = newTwistPoint(nil)
}
e.p.Add(a.p, b.p, new(bnPool))
return e
}
// Marshal converts n into a byte slice.
func (n *G2) Marshal() []byte {
n.p.MakeAffine(nil)
xxBytes := new(big.Int).Mod(n.p.x.x, P).Bytes()
xyBytes := new(big.Int).Mod(n.p.x.y, P).Bytes()
yxBytes := new(big.Int).Mod(n.p.y.x, P).Bytes()
yyBytes := new(big.Int).Mod(n.p.y.y, P).Bytes()
// Each value is a 256-bit number.
const numBytes = 256 / 8
ret := make([]byte, numBytes*4)
copy(ret[1*numBytes-len(xxBytes):], xxBytes)
copy(ret[2*numBytes-len(xyBytes):], xyBytes)
copy(ret[3*numBytes-len(yxBytes):], yxBytes)
copy(ret[4*numBytes-len(yyBytes):], yyBytes)
return ret
}
// Unmarshal sets e to the result of converting the output of Marshal back into
// a group element and then returns e.
func (e *G2) Unmarshal(m []byte) (*G2, bool) {
// Each value is a 256-bit number.
const numBytes = 256 / 8
if len(m) != 4*numBytes {
return nil, false
}
if e.p == nil {
e.p = newTwistPoint(nil)
}
e.p.x.x.SetBytes(m[0*numBytes : 1*numBytes])
e.p.x.y.SetBytes(m[1*numBytes : 2*numBytes])
e.p.y.x.SetBytes(m[2*numBytes : 3*numBytes])
e.p.y.y.SetBytes(m[3*numBytes : 4*numBytes])
if e.p.x.x.Sign() == 0 &&
e.p.x.y.Sign() == 0 &&
e.p.y.x.Sign() == 0 &&
e.p.y.y.Sign() == 0 {
// This is the point at infinity.
e.p.y.SetOne()
e.p.z.SetZero()
e.p.t.SetZero()
} else {
e.p.z.SetOne()
e.p.t.SetOne()
if !e.p.IsOnCurve() {
return nil, false
}
}
return e, true
}
// GT is an abstract cyclic group. The zero value is suitable for use as the
// output of an operation, but cannot be used as an input.
type GT struct {
p *gfP12
}
func (g *GT) String() string {
return "bn256.GT" + g.p.String()
}
// ScalarMult sets e to a*k and then returns e.
func (e *GT) ScalarMult(a *GT, k *big.Int) *GT {
if e.p == nil {
e.p = newGFp12(nil)
}
e.p.Exp(a.p, k, new(bnPool))
return e
}
// Add sets e to a+b and then returns e.
func (e *GT) Add(a, b *GT) *GT {
if e.p == nil {
e.p = newGFp12(nil)
}
e.p.Mul(a.p, b.p, new(bnPool))
return e
}
// Neg sets e to -a and then returns e.
func (e *GT) Neg(a *GT) *GT {
if e.p == nil {
e.p = newGFp12(nil)
}
e.p.Invert(a.p, new(bnPool))
return e
}
// Marshal converts n into a byte slice.
func (n *GT) Marshal() []byte {
n.p.Minimal()
xxxBytes := n.p.x.x.x.Bytes()
xxyBytes := n.p.x.x.y.Bytes()
xyxBytes := n.p.x.y.x.Bytes()
xyyBytes := n.p.x.y.y.Bytes()
xzxBytes := n.p.x.z.x.Bytes()
xzyBytes := n.p.x.z.y.Bytes()
yxxBytes := n.p.y.x.x.Bytes()
yxyBytes := n.p.y.x.y.Bytes()
yyxBytes := n.p.y.y.x.Bytes()
yyyBytes := n.p.y.y.y.Bytes()
yzxBytes := n.p.y.z.x.Bytes()
yzyBytes := n.p.y.z.y.Bytes()
// Each value is a 256-bit number.
const numBytes = 256 / 8
ret := make([]byte, numBytes*12)
copy(ret[1*numBytes-len(xxxBytes):], xxxBytes)
copy(ret[2*numBytes-len(xxyBytes):], xxyBytes)
copy(ret[3*numBytes-len(xyxBytes):], xyxBytes)
copy(ret[4*numBytes-len(xyyBytes):], xyyBytes)
copy(ret[5*numBytes-len(xzxBytes):], xzxBytes)
copy(ret[6*numBytes-len(xzyBytes):], xzyBytes)
copy(ret[7*numBytes-len(yxxBytes):], yxxBytes)
copy(ret[8*numBytes-len(yxyBytes):], yxyBytes)
copy(ret[9*numBytes-len(yyxBytes):], yyxBytes)
copy(ret[10*numBytes-len(yyyBytes):], yyyBytes)
copy(ret[11*numBytes-len(yzxBytes):], yzxBytes)
copy(ret[12*numBytes-len(yzyBytes):], yzyBytes)
return ret
}
// Unmarshal sets e to the result of converting the output of Marshal back into
// a group element and then returns e.
func (e *GT) Unmarshal(m []byte) (*GT, bool) {
// Each value is a 256-bit number.
const numBytes = 256 / 8
if len(m) != 12*numBytes {
return nil, false
}
if e.p == nil {
e.p = newGFp12(nil)
}
e.p.x.x.x.SetBytes(m[0*numBytes : 1*numBytes])
e.p.x.x.y.SetBytes(m[1*numBytes : 2*numBytes])
e.p.x.y.x.SetBytes(m[2*numBytes : 3*numBytes])
e.p.x.y.y.SetBytes(m[3*numBytes : 4*numBytes])
e.p.x.z.x.SetBytes(m[4*numBytes : 5*numBytes])
e.p.x.z.y.SetBytes(m[5*numBytes : 6*numBytes])
e.p.y.x.x.SetBytes(m[6*numBytes : 7*numBytes])
e.p.y.x.y.SetBytes(m[7*numBytes : 8*numBytes])
e.p.y.y.x.SetBytes(m[8*numBytes : 9*numBytes])
e.p.y.y.y.SetBytes(m[9*numBytes : 10*numBytes])
e.p.y.z.x.SetBytes(m[10*numBytes : 11*numBytes])
e.p.y.z.y.SetBytes(m[11*numBytes : 12*numBytes])
return e, true
}
// Pair calculates an Optimal Ate pairing.
func Pair(g1 *G1, g2 *G2) *GT {
return &GT{optimalAte(g2.p, g1.p, new(bnPool))}
}
func PairingCheck(a []*G1, b []*G2) bool {
pool := new(bnPool)
e := newGFp12(pool)
e.SetOne()
for i := 0; i < len(a); i++ {
new_e := miller(b[i].p, a[i].p, pool)
e.Mul(e, new_e, pool)
}
ret := finalExponentiation(e, pool)
e.Put(pool)
return ret.IsOne()
}
// bnPool implements a tiny cache of *big.Int objects that's used to reduce the
// number of allocations made during processing.
type bnPool struct {
bns []*big.Int
count int
}
func (pool *bnPool) Get() *big.Int {
if pool == nil {
return new(big.Int)
}
pool.count++
l := len(pool.bns)
if l == 0 {
return new(big.Int)
}
bn := pool.bns[l-1]
pool.bns = pool.bns[:l-1]
return bn
}
func (pool *bnPool) Put(bn *big.Int) {
if pool == nil {
return
}
pool.bns = append(pool.bns, bn)
pool.count--
}
func (pool *bnPool) Count() int {
return pool.count
}

304
crypto/bn256/bn256_test.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
// Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package bn256
import (
"bytes"
"crypto/rand"
"math/big"
"testing"
)
func TestGFp2Invert(t *testing.T) {
pool := new(bnPool)
a := newGFp2(pool)
a.x.SetString("23423492374", 10)
a.y.SetString("12934872398472394827398470", 10)
inv := newGFp2(pool)
inv.Invert(a, pool)
b := newGFp2(pool).Mul(inv, a, pool)
if b.x.Int64() != 0 || b.y.Int64() != 1 {
t.Fatalf("bad result for a^-1*a: %s %s", b.x, b.y)
}
a.Put(pool)
b.Put(pool)
inv.Put(pool)
if c := pool.Count(); c > 0 {
t.Errorf("Pool count non-zero: %d\n", c)
}
}
func isZero(n *big.Int) bool {
return new(big.Int).Mod(n, P).Int64() == 0
}
func isOne(n *big.Int) bool {
return new(big.Int).Mod(n, P).Int64() == 1
}
func TestGFp6Invert(t *testing.T) {
pool := new(bnPool)
a := newGFp6(pool)
a.x.x.SetString("239487238491", 10)
a.x.y.SetString("2356249827341", 10)
a.y.x.SetString("082659782", 10)
a.y.y.SetString("182703523765", 10)
a.z.x.SetString("978236549263", 10)
a.z.y.SetString("64893242", 10)
inv := newGFp6(pool)
inv.Invert(a, pool)
b := newGFp6(pool).Mul(inv, a, pool)
if !isZero(b.x.x) ||
!isZero(b.x.y) ||
!isZero(b.y.x) ||
!isZero(b.y.y) ||
!isZero(b.z.x) ||
!isOne(b.z.y) {
t.Fatalf("bad result for a^-1*a: %s", b)
}
a.Put(pool)
b.Put(pool)
inv.Put(pool)
if c := pool.Count(); c > 0 {
t.Errorf("Pool count non-zero: %d\n", c)
}
}
func TestGFp12Invert(t *testing.T) {
pool := new(bnPool)
a := newGFp12(pool)
a.x.x.x.SetString("239846234862342323958623", 10)
a.x.x.y.SetString("2359862352529835623", 10)
a.x.y.x.SetString("928836523", 10)
a.x.y.y.SetString("9856234", 10)
a.x.z.x.SetString("235635286", 10)
a.x.z.y.SetString("5628392833", 10)
a.y.x.x.SetString("252936598265329856238956532167968", 10)
a.y.x.y.SetString("23596239865236954178968", 10)
a.y.y.x.SetString("95421692834", 10)
a.y.y.y.SetString("236548", 10)
a.y.z.x.SetString("924523", 10)
a.y.z.y.SetString("12954623", 10)
inv := newGFp12(pool)
inv.Invert(a, pool)
b := newGFp12(pool).Mul(inv, a, pool)
if !isZero(b.x.x.x) ||
!isZero(b.x.x.y) ||
!isZero(b.x.y.x) ||
!isZero(b.x.y.y) ||
!isZero(b.x.z.x) ||
!isZero(b.x.z.y) ||
!isZero(b.y.x.x) ||
!isZero(b.y.x.y) ||
!isZero(b.y.y.x) ||
!isZero(b.y.y.y) ||
!isZero(b.y.z.x) ||
!isOne(b.y.z.y) {
t.Fatalf("bad result for a^-1*a: %s", b)
}
a.Put(pool)
b.Put(pool)
inv.Put(pool)
if c := pool.Count(); c > 0 {
t.Errorf("Pool count non-zero: %d\n", c)
}
}
func TestCurveImpl(t *testing.T) {
pool := new(bnPool)
g := &curvePoint{
pool.Get().SetInt64(1),
pool.Get().SetInt64(-2),
pool.Get().SetInt64(1),
pool.Get().SetInt64(0),
}
x := pool.Get().SetInt64(32498273234)
X := newCurvePoint(pool).Mul(g, x, pool)
y := pool.Get().SetInt64(98732423523)
Y := newCurvePoint(pool).Mul(g, y, pool)
s1 := newCurvePoint(pool).Mul(X, y, pool).MakeAffine(pool)
s2 := newCurvePoint(pool).Mul(Y, x, pool).MakeAffine(pool)
if s1.x.Cmp(s2.x) != 0 ||
s2.x.Cmp(s1.x) != 0 {
t.Errorf("DH points don't match: (%s, %s) (%s, %s)", s1.x, s1.y, s2.x, s2.y)
}
pool.Put(x)
X.Put(pool)
pool.Put(y)
Y.Put(pool)
s1.Put(pool)
s2.Put(pool)
g.Put(pool)
if c := pool.Count(); c > 0 {
t.Errorf("Pool count non-zero: %d\n", c)
}
}
func TestOrderG1(t *testing.T) {
g := new(G1).ScalarBaseMult(Order)
if !g.p.IsInfinity() {
t.Error("G1 has incorrect order")
}
one := new(G1).ScalarBaseMult(new(big.Int).SetInt64(1))
g.Add(g, one)
g.p.MakeAffine(nil)
if g.p.x.Cmp(one.p.x) != 0 || g.p.y.Cmp(one.p.y) != 0 {
t.Errorf("1+0 != 1 in G1")
}
}
func TestOrderG2(t *testing.T) {
g := new(G2).ScalarBaseMult(Order)
if !g.p.IsInfinity() {
t.Error("G2 has incorrect order")
}
one := new(G2).ScalarBaseMult(new(big.Int).SetInt64(1))
g.Add(g, one)
g.p.MakeAffine(nil)
if g.p.x.x.Cmp(one.p.x.x) != 0 ||
g.p.x.y.Cmp(one.p.x.y) != 0 ||
g.p.y.x.Cmp(one.p.y.x) != 0 ||
g.p.y.y.Cmp(one.p.y.y) != 0 {
t.Errorf("1+0 != 1 in G2")
}
}
func TestOrderGT(t *testing.T) {
gt := Pair(&G1{curveGen}, &G2{twistGen})
g := new(GT).ScalarMult(gt, Order)
if !g.p.IsOne() {
t.Error("GT has incorrect order")
}
}
func TestBilinearity(t *testing.T) {
for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
a, p1, _ := RandomG1(rand.Reader)
b, p2, _ := RandomG2(rand.Reader)
e1 := Pair(p1, p2)
e2 := Pair(&G1{curveGen}, &G2{twistGen})
e2.ScalarMult(e2, a)
e2.ScalarMult(e2, b)
minusE2 := new(GT).Neg(e2)
e1.Add(e1, minusE2)
if !e1.p.IsOne() {
t.Fatalf("bad pairing result: %s", e1)
}
}
}
func TestG1Marshal(t *testing.T) {
g := new(G1).ScalarBaseMult(new(big.Int).SetInt64(1))
form := g.Marshal()
_, ok := new(G1).Unmarshal(form)
if !ok {
t.Fatalf("failed to unmarshal")
}
g.ScalarBaseMult(Order)
form = g.Marshal()
g2, ok := new(G1).Unmarshal(form)
if !ok {
t.Fatalf("failed to unmarshal ∞")
}
if !g2.p.IsInfinity() {
t.Fatalf("∞ unmarshaled incorrectly")
}
}
func TestG2Marshal(t *testing.T) {
g := new(G2).ScalarBaseMult(new(big.Int).SetInt64(1))
form := g.Marshal()
_, ok := new(G2).Unmarshal(form)
if !ok {
t.Fatalf("failed to unmarshal")
}
g.ScalarBaseMult(Order)
form = g.Marshal()
g2, ok := new(G2).Unmarshal(form)
if !ok {
t.Fatalf("failed to unmarshal ∞")
}
if !g2.p.IsInfinity() {
t.Fatalf("∞ unmarshaled incorrectly")
}
}
func TestG1Identity(t *testing.T) {
g := new(G1).ScalarBaseMult(new(big.Int).SetInt64(0))
if !g.p.IsInfinity() {
t.Error("failure")
}
}
func TestG2Identity(t *testing.T) {
g := new(G2).ScalarBaseMult(new(big.Int).SetInt64(0))
if !g.p.IsInfinity() {
t.Error("failure")
}
}
func TestTripartiteDiffieHellman(t *testing.T) {
a, _ := rand.Int(rand.Reader, Order)
b, _ := rand.Int(rand.Reader, Order)
c, _ := rand.Int(rand.Reader, Order)
pa, _ := new(G1).Unmarshal(new(G1).ScalarBaseMult(a).Marshal())
qa, _ := new(G2).Unmarshal(new(G2).ScalarBaseMult(a).Marshal())
pb, _ := new(G1).Unmarshal(new(G1).ScalarBaseMult(b).Marshal())
qb, _ := new(G2).Unmarshal(new(G2).ScalarBaseMult(b).Marshal())
pc, _ := new(G1).Unmarshal(new(G1).ScalarBaseMult(c).Marshal())
qc, _ := new(G2).Unmarshal(new(G2).ScalarBaseMult(c).Marshal())
k1 := Pair(pb, qc)
k1.ScalarMult(k1, a)
k1Bytes := k1.Marshal()
k2 := Pair(pc, qa)
k2.ScalarMult(k2, b)
k2Bytes := k2.Marshal()
k3 := Pair(pa, qb)
k3.ScalarMult(k3, c)
k3Bytes := k3.Marshal()
if !bytes.Equal(k1Bytes, k2Bytes) || !bytes.Equal(k2Bytes, k3Bytes) {
t.Errorf("keys didn't agree")
}
}
func BenchmarkPairing(b *testing.B) {
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
Pair(&G1{curveGen}, &G2{twistGen})
}
}

44
crypto/bn256/constants.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
// Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package bn256
import (
"math/big"
)
func bigFromBase10(s string) *big.Int {
n, _ := new(big.Int).SetString(s, 10)
return n
}
// u is the BN parameter that determines the prime: 1868033³.
var u = bigFromBase10("4965661367192848881")
// p is a prime over which we form a basic field: 36u⁴+36u³+24u²+6u+1.
var P = bigFromBase10("21888242871839275222246405745257275088696311157297823662689037894645226208583")
// Order is the number of elements in both G₁ and G₂: 36u⁴+36u³+18u²+6u+1.
var Order = bigFromBase10("21888242871839275222246405745257275088548364400416034343698204186575808495617")
// xiToPMinus1Over6 is ξ^((p-1)/6) where ξ = i+9.
var xiToPMinus1Over6 = &gfP2{bigFromBase10("16469823323077808223889137241176536799009286646108169935659301613961712198316"), bigFromBase10("8376118865763821496583973867626364092589906065868298776909617916018768340080")}
// xiToPMinus1Over3 is ξ^((p-1)/3) where ξ = i+9.
var xiToPMinus1Over3 = &gfP2{bigFromBase10("10307601595873709700152284273816112264069230130616436755625194854815875713954"), bigFromBase10("21575463638280843010398324269430826099269044274347216827212613867836435027261")}
// xiToPMinus1Over2 is ξ^((p-1)/2) where ξ = i+9.
var xiToPMinus1Over2 = &gfP2{bigFromBase10("3505843767911556378687030309984248845540243509899259641013678093033130930403"), bigFromBase10("2821565182194536844548159561693502659359617185244120367078079554186484126554")}
// xiToPSquaredMinus1Over3 is ξ^((p²-1)/3) where ξ = i+9.
var xiToPSquaredMinus1Over3 = bigFromBase10("21888242871839275220042445260109153167277707414472061641714758635765020556616")
// xiTo2PSquaredMinus2Over3 is ξ^((2p²-2)/3) where ξ = i+9 (a cubic root of unity, mod p).
var xiTo2PSquaredMinus2Over3 = bigFromBase10("2203960485148121921418603742825762020974279258880205651966")
// xiToPSquaredMinus1Over6 is ξ^((1p²-1)/6) where ξ = i+9 (a cubic root of -1, mod p).
var xiToPSquaredMinus1Over6 = bigFromBase10("21888242871839275220042445260109153167277707414472061641714758635765020556617")
// xiTo2PMinus2Over3 is ξ^((2p-2)/3) where ξ = i+9.
var xiTo2PMinus2Over3 = &gfP2{bigFromBase10("19937756971775647987995932169929341994314640652964949448313374472400716661030"), bigFromBase10("2581911344467009335267311115468803099551665605076196740867805258568234346338")}

278
crypto/bn256/curve.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,278 @@
// Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package bn256
import (
"math/big"
)
// curvePoint implements the elliptic curve y²=x³+3. Points are kept in
// Jacobian form and t=z² when valid. G₁ is the set of points of this curve on
// GF(p).
type curvePoint struct {
x, y, z, t *big.Int
}
var curveB = new(big.Int).SetInt64(3)
// curveGen is the generator of G₁.
var curveGen = &curvePoint{
new(big.Int).SetInt64(1),
new(big.Int).SetInt64(-2),
new(big.Int).SetInt64(1),
new(big.Int).SetInt64(1),
}
func newCurvePoint(pool *bnPool) *curvePoint {
return &curvePoint{
pool.Get(),
pool.Get(),
pool.Get(),
pool.Get(),
}
}
func (c *curvePoint) String() string {
c.MakeAffine(new(bnPool))
return "(" + c.x.String() + ", " + c.y.String() + ")"
}
func (c *curvePoint) Put(pool *bnPool) {
pool.Put(c.x)
pool.Put(c.y)
pool.Put(c.z)
pool.Put(c.t)
}
func (c *curvePoint) Set(a *curvePoint) {
c.x.Set(a.x)
c.y.Set(a.y)
c.z.Set(a.z)
c.t.Set(a.t)
}
// IsOnCurve returns true iff c is on the curve where c must be in affine form.
func (c *curvePoint) IsOnCurve() bool {
yy := new(big.Int).Mul(c.y, c.y)
xxx := new(big.Int).Mul(c.x, c.x)
xxx.Mul(xxx, c.x)
yy.Sub(yy, xxx)
yy.Sub(yy, curveB)
if yy.Sign() < 0 || yy.Cmp(P) >= 0 {
yy.Mod(yy, P)
}
return yy.Sign() == 0
}
func (c *curvePoint) SetInfinity() {
c.z.SetInt64(0)
}
func (c *curvePoint) IsInfinity() bool {
return c.z.Sign() == 0
}
func (c *curvePoint) Add(a, b *curvePoint, pool *bnPool) {
if a.IsInfinity() {
c.Set(b)
return
}
if b.IsInfinity() {
c.Set(a)
return
}
// See http://hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-code/shortw/jacobian-0/addition/add-2007-bl.op3
// Normalize the points by replacing a = [x1:y1:z1] and b = [x2:y2:z2]
// by [u1:s1:z1·z2] and [u2:s2:z1·z2]
// where u1 = x1·z2², s1 = y1·z2³ and u1 = x2·z1², s2 = y2·z1³
z1z1 := pool.Get().Mul(a.z, a.z)
z1z1.Mod(z1z1, P)
z2z2 := pool.Get().Mul(b.z, b.z)
z2z2.Mod(z2z2, P)
u1 := pool.Get().Mul(a.x, z2z2)
u1.Mod(u1, P)
u2 := pool.Get().Mul(b.x, z1z1)
u2.Mod(u2, P)
t := pool.Get().Mul(b.z, z2z2)
t.Mod(t, P)
s1 := pool.Get().Mul(a.y, t)
s1.Mod(s1, P)
t.Mul(a.z, z1z1)
t.Mod(t, P)
s2 := pool.Get().Mul(b.y, t)
s2.Mod(s2, P)
// Compute x = (2h)²(s²-u1-u2)
// where s = (s2-s1)/(u2-u1) is the slope of the line through
// (u1,s1) and (u2,s2). The extra factor 2h = 2(u2-u1) comes from the value of z below.
// This is also:
// 4(s2-s1)² - 4h²(u1+u2) = 4(s2-s1)² - 4h³ - 4h²(2u1)
// = r² - j - 2v
// with the notations below.
h := pool.Get().Sub(u2, u1)
xEqual := h.Sign() == 0
t.Add(h, h)
// i = 4h²
i := pool.Get().Mul(t, t)
i.Mod(i, P)
// j = 4h³
j := pool.Get().Mul(h, i)
j.Mod(j, P)
t.Sub(s2, s1)
yEqual := t.Sign() == 0
if xEqual && yEqual {
c.Double(a, pool)
return
}
r := pool.Get().Add(t, t)
v := pool.Get().Mul(u1, i)
v.Mod(v, P)
// t4 = 4(s2-s1)²
t4 := pool.Get().Mul(r, r)
t4.Mod(t4, P)
t.Add(v, v)
t6 := pool.Get().Sub(t4, j)
c.x.Sub(t6, t)
// Set y = -(2h)³(s1 + s*(x/4h²-u1))
// This is also
// y = - 2·s1·j - (s2-s1)(2x - 2i·u1) = r(v-x) - 2·s1·j
t.Sub(v, c.x) // t7
t4.Mul(s1, j) // t8
t4.Mod(t4, P)
t6.Add(t4, t4) // t9
t4.Mul(r, t) // t10
t4.Mod(t4, P)
c.y.Sub(t4, t6)
// Set z = 2(u2-u1)·z1·z2 = 2h·z1·z2
t.Add(a.z, b.z) // t11
t4.Mul(t, t) // t12
t4.Mod(t4, P)
t.Sub(t4, z1z1) // t13
t4.Sub(t, z2z2) // t14
c.z.Mul(t4, h)
c.z.Mod(c.z, P)
pool.Put(z1z1)
pool.Put(z2z2)
pool.Put(u1)
pool.Put(u2)
pool.Put(t)
pool.Put(s1)
pool.Put(s2)
pool.Put(h)
pool.Put(i)
pool.Put(j)
pool.Put(r)
pool.Put(v)
pool.Put(t4)
pool.Put(t6)
}
func (c *curvePoint) Double(a *curvePoint, pool *bnPool) {
// See http://hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-code/shortw/jacobian-0/doubling/dbl-2009-l.op3
A := pool.Get().Mul(a.x, a.x)
A.Mod(A, P)
B := pool.Get().Mul(a.y, a.y)
B.Mod(B, P)
C_ := pool.Get().Mul(B, B)
C_.Mod(C_, P)
t := pool.Get().Add(a.x, B)
t2 := pool.Get().Mul(t, t)
t2.Mod(t2, P)
t.Sub(t2, A)
t2.Sub(t, C_)
d := pool.Get().Add(t2, t2)
t.Add(A, A)
e := pool.Get().Add(t, A)
f := pool.Get().Mul(e, e)
f.Mod(f, P)
t.Add(d, d)
c.x.Sub(f, t)
t.Add(C_, C_)
t2.Add(t, t)
t.Add(t2, t2)
c.y.Sub(d, c.x)
t2.Mul(e, c.y)
t2.Mod(t2, P)
c.y.Sub(t2, t)
t.Mul(a.y, a.z)
t.Mod(t, P)
c.z.Add(t, t)
pool.Put(A)
pool.Put(B)
pool.Put(C_)
pool.Put(t)
pool.Put(t2)
pool.Put(d)
pool.Put(e)
pool.Put(f)
}
func (c *curvePoint) Mul(a *curvePoint, scalar *big.Int, pool *bnPool) *curvePoint {
sum := newCurvePoint(pool)
sum.SetInfinity()
t := newCurvePoint(pool)
for i := scalar.BitLen(); i >= 0; i-- {
t.Double(sum, pool)
if scalar.Bit(i) != 0 {
sum.Add(t, a, pool)
} else {
sum.Set(t)
}
}
c.Set(sum)
sum.Put(pool)
t.Put(pool)
return c
}
func (c *curvePoint) MakeAffine(pool *bnPool) *curvePoint {
if words := c.z.Bits(); len(words) == 1 && words[0] == 1 {
return c
}
zInv := pool.Get().ModInverse(c.z, P)
t := pool.Get().Mul(c.y, zInv)
t.Mod(t, P)
zInv2 := pool.Get().Mul(zInv, zInv)
zInv2.Mod(zInv2, P)
c.y.Mul(t, zInv2)
c.y.Mod(c.y, P)
t.Mul(c.x, zInv2)
t.Mod(t, P)
c.x.Set(t)
c.z.SetInt64(1)
c.t.SetInt64(1)
pool.Put(zInv)
pool.Put(t)
pool.Put(zInv2)
return c
}
func (c *curvePoint) Negative(a *curvePoint) {
c.x.Set(a.x)
c.y.Neg(a.y)
c.z.Set(a.z)
c.t.SetInt64(0)
}

43
crypto/bn256/example_test.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
// Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package bn256
import (
"crypto/rand"
)
func ExamplePair() {
// This implements the tripartite Diffie-Hellman algorithm from "A One
// Round Protocol for Tripartite Diffie-Hellman", A. Joux.
// http://www.springerlink.com/content/cddc57yyva0hburb/fulltext.pdf
// Each of three parties, a, b and c, generate a private value.
a, _ := rand.Int(rand.Reader, Order)
b, _ := rand.Int(rand.Reader, Order)
c, _ := rand.Int(rand.Reader, Order)
// Then each party calculates g₁ and g₂ times their private value.
pa := new(G1).ScalarBaseMult(a)
qa := new(G2).ScalarBaseMult(a)
pb := new(G1).ScalarBaseMult(b)
qb := new(G2).ScalarBaseMult(b)
pc := new(G1).ScalarBaseMult(c)
qc := new(G2).ScalarBaseMult(c)
// Now each party exchanges its public values with the other two and
// all parties can calculate the shared key.
k1 := Pair(pb, qc)
k1.ScalarMult(k1, a)
k2 := Pair(pc, qa)
k2.ScalarMult(k2, b)
k3 := Pair(pa, qb)
k3.ScalarMult(k3, c)
// k1, k2 and k3 will all be equal.
}

200
crypto/bn256/gfp12.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
// Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package bn256
// For details of the algorithms used, see "Multiplication and Squaring on
// Pairing-Friendly Fields, Devegili et al.
// http://eprint.iacr.org/2006/471.pdf.
import (
"math/big"
)
// gfP12 implements the field of size p¹² as a quadratic extension of gfP6
// where ω²=τ.
type gfP12 struct {
x, y *gfP6 // value is xω + y
}
func newGFp12(pool *bnPool) *gfP12 {
return &gfP12{newGFp6(pool), newGFp6(pool)}
}
func (e *gfP12) String() string {
return "(" + e.x.String() + "," + e.y.String() + ")"
}
func (e *gfP12) Put(pool *bnPool) {
e.x.Put(pool)
e.y.Put(pool)
}
func (e *gfP12) Set(a *gfP12) *gfP12 {
e.x.Set(a.x)
e.y.Set(a.y)
return e
}
func (e *gfP12) SetZero() *gfP12 {
e.x.SetZero()
e.y.SetZero()
return e
}
func (e *gfP12) SetOne() *gfP12 {
e.x.SetZero()
e.y.SetOne()
return e
}
func (e *gfP12) Minimal() {
e.x.Minimal()
e.y.Minimal()
}
func (e *gfP12) IsZero() bool {
e.Minimal()
return e.x.IsZero() && e.y.IsZero()
}
func (e *gfP12) IsOne() bool {
e.Minimal()
return e.x.IsZero() && e.y.IsOne()
}
func (e *gfP12) Conjugate(a *gfP12) *gfP12 {
e.x.Negative(a.x)
e.y.Set(a.y)
return a
}
func (e *gfP12) Negative(a *gfP12) *gfP12 {
e.x.Negative(a.x)
e.y.Negative(a.y)
return e
}
// Frobenius computes (xω+y)^p = x^p ω·ξ^((p-1)/6) + y^p
func (e *gfP12) Frobenius(a *gfP12, pool *bnPool) *gfP12 {
e.x.Frobenius(a.x, pool)
e.y.Frobenius(a.y, pool)
e.x.MulScalar(e.x, xiToPMinus1Over6, pool)
return e
}
// FrobeniusP2 computes (xω+y)^p² = x^p² ω·ξ^((p²-1)/6) + y^p²
func (e *gfP12) FrobeniusP2(a *gfP12, pool *bnPool) *gfP12 {
e.x.FrobeniusP2(a.x)
e.x.MulGFP(e.x, xiToPSquaredMinus1Over6)
e.y.FrobeniusP2(a.y)
return e
}
func (e *gfP12) Add(a, b *gfP12) *gfP12 {
e.x.Add(a.x, b.x)
e.y.Add(a.y, b.y)
return e
}
func (e *gfP12) Sub(a, b *gfP12) *gfP12 {
e.x.Sub(a.x, b.x)
e.y.Sub(a.y, b.y)
return e
}
func (e *gfP12) Mul(a, b *gfP12, pool *bnPool) *gfP12 {
tx := newGFp6(pool)
tx.Mul(a.x, b.y, pool)
t := newGFp6(pool)
t.Mul(b.x, a.y, pool)
tx.Add(tx, t)
ty := newGFp6(pool)
ty.Mul(a.y, b.y, pool)
t.Mul(a.x, b.x, pool)
t.MulTau(t, pool)
e.y.Add(ty, t)
e.x.Set(tx)
tx.Put(pool)
ty.Put(pool)
t.Put(pool)
return e
}
func (e *gfP12) MulScalar(a *gfP12, b *gfP6, pool *bnPool) *gfP12 {
e.x.Mul(e.x, b, pool)
e.y.Mul(e.y, b, pool)
return e
}
func (c *gfP12) Exp(a *gfP12, power *big.Int, pool *bnPool) *gfP12 {
sum := newGFp12(pool)
sum.SetOne()
t := newGFp12(pool)
for i := power.BitLen() - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
t.Square(sum, pool)
if power.Bit(i) != 0 {
sum.Mul(t, a, pool)
} else {
sum.Set(t)
}
}
c.Set(sum)
sum.Put(pool)
t.Put(pool)
return c
}
func (e *gfP12) Square(a *gfP12, pool *bnPool) *gfP12 {
// Complex squaring algorithm
v0 := newGFp6(pool)
v0.Mul(a.x, a.y, pool)
t := newGFp6(pool)
t.MulTau(a.x, pool)
t.Add(a.y, t)
ty := newGFp6(pool)
ty.Add(a.x, a.y)
ty.Mul(ty, t, pool)
ty.Sub(ty, v0)
t.MulTau(v0, pool)
ty.Sub(ty, t)
e.y.Set(ty)
e.x.Double(v0)
v0.Put(pool)
t.Put(pool)
ty.Put(pool)
return e
}
func (e *gfP12) Invert(a *gfP12, pool *bnPool) *gfP12 {
// See "Implementing cryptographic pairings", M. Scott, section 3.2.
// ftp://136.206.11.249/pub/crypto/pairings.pdf
t1 := newGFp6(pool)
t2 := newGFp6(pool)
t1.Square(a.x, pool)
t2.Square(a.y, pool)
t1.MulTau(t1, pool)
t1.Sub(t2, t1)
t2.Invert(t1, pool)
e.x.Negative(a.x)
e.y.Set(a.y)
e.MulScalar(e, t2, pool)
t1.Put(pool)
t2.Put(pool)
return e
}

227
crypto/bn256/gfp2.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
// Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package bn256
// For details of the algorithms used, see "Multiplication and Squaring on
// Pairing-Friendly Fields, Devegili et al.
// http://eprint.iacr.org/2006/471.pdf.
import (
"math/big"
)
// gfP2 implements a field of size p² as a quadratic extension of the base
// field where i²=-1.
type gfP2 struct {
x, y *big.Int // value is xi+y.
}
func newGFp2(pool *bnPool) *gfP2 {
return &gfP2{pool.Get(), pool.Get()}
}
func (e *gfP2) String() string {
x := new(big.Int).Mod(e.x, P)
y := new(big.Int).Mod(e.y, P)
return "(" + x.String() + "," + y.String() + ")"
}
func (e *gfP2) Put(pool *bnPool) {
pool.Put(e.x)
pool.Put(e.y)
}
func (e *gfP2) Set(a *gfP2) *gfP2 {
e.x.Set(a.x)
e.y.Set(a.y)
return e
}
func (e *gfP2) SetZero() *gfP2 {
e.x.SetInt64(0)
e.y.SetInt64(0)
return e
}
func (e *gfP2) SetOne() *gfP2 {
e.x.SetInt64(0)
e.y.SetInt64(1)
return e
}
func (e *gfP2) Minimal() {
if e.x.Sign() < 0 || e.x.Cmp(P) >= 0 {
e.x.Mod(e.x, P)
}
if e.y.Sign() < 0 || e.y.Cmp(P) >= 0 {
e.y.Mod(e.y, P)
}
}
func (e *gfP2) IsZero() bool {
return e.x.Sign() == 0 && e.y.Sign() == 0
}
func (e *gfP2) IsOne() bool {
if e.x.Sign() != 0 {
return false
}
words := e.y.Bits()
return len(words) == 1 && words[0] == 1
}
func (e *gfP2) Conjugate(a *gfP2) *gfP2 {
e.y.Set(a.y)
e.x.Neg(a.x)
return e
}
func (e *gfP2) Negative(a *gfP2) *gfP2 {
e.x.Neg(a.x)
e.y.Neg(a.y)
return e
}
func (e *gfP2) Add(a, b *gfP2) *gfP2 {
e.x.Add(a.x, b.x)
e.y.Add(a.y, b.y)
return e
}
func (e *gfP2) Sub(a, b *gfP2) *gfP2 {
e.x.Sub(a.x, b.x)
e.y.Sub(a.y, b.y)
return e
}
func (e *gfP2) Double(a *gfP2) *gfP2 {
e.x.Lsh(a.x, 1)
e.y.Lsh(a.y, 1)
return e
}
func (c *gfP2) Exp(a *gfP2, power *big.Int, pool *bnPool) *gfP2 {
sum := newGFp2(pool)
sum.SetOne()
t := newGFp2(pool)
for i := power.BitLen() - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
t.Square(sum, pool)
if power.Bit(i) != 0 {
sum.Mul(t, a, pool)
} else {
sum.Set(t)
}
}
c.Set(sum)
sum.Put(pool)
t.Put(pool)
return c
}
// See "Multiplication and Squaring in Pairing-Friendly Fields",
// http://eprint.iacr.org/2006/471.pdf
func (e *gfP2) Mul(a, b *gfP2, pool *bnPool) *gfP2 {
tx := pool.Get().Mul(a.x, b.y)
t := pool.Get().Mul(b.x, a.y)
tx.Add(tx, t)
tx.Mod(tx, P)
ty := pool.Get().Mul(a.y, b.y)
t.Mul(a.x, b.x)
ty.Sub(ty, t)
e.y.Mod(ty, P)
e.x.Set(tx)
pool.Put(tx)
pool.Put(ty)
pool.Put(t)
return e
}
func (e *gfP2) MulScalar(a *gfP2, b *big.Int) *gfP2 {
e.x.Mul(a.x, b)
e.y.Mul(a.y, b)
return e
}
// MulXi sets e=ξa where ξ=i+9 and then returns e.
func (e *gfP2) MulXi(a *gfP2, pool *bnPool) *gfP2 {
// (xi+y)(i+3) = (9x+y)i+(9y-x)
tx := pool.Get().Lsh(a.x, 3)
tx.Add(tx, a.x)
tx.Add(tx, a.y)
ty := pool.Get().Lsh(a.y, 3)
ty.Add(ty, a.y)
ty.Sub(ty, a.x)
e.x.Set(tx)
e.y.Set(ty)
pool.Put(tx)
pool.Put(ty)
return e
}
func (e *gfP2) Square(a *gfP2, pool *bnPool) *gfP2 {
// Complex squaring algorithm:
// (xi+b)² = (x+y)(y-x) + 2*i*x*y
t1 := pool.Get().Sub(a.y, a.x)
t2 := pool.Get().Add(a.x, a.y)
ty := pool.Get().Mul(t1, t2)
ty.Mod(ty, P)
t1.Mul(a.x, a.y)
t1.Lsh(t1, 1)
e.x.Mod(t1, P)
e.y.Set(ty)
pool.Put(t1)
pool.Put(t2)
pool.Put(ty)
return e
}
func (e *gfP2) Invert(a *gfP2, pool *bnPool) *gfP2 {
// See "Implementing cryptographic pairings", M. Scott, section 3.2.
// ftp://136.206.11.249/pub/crypto/pairings.pdf
t := pool.Get()
t.Mul(a.y, a.y)
t2 := pool.Get()
t2.Mul(a.x, a.x)
t.Add(t, t2)
inv := pool.Get()
inv.ModInverse(t, P)
e.x.Neg(a.x)
e.x.Mul(e.x, inv)
e.x.Mod(e.x, P)
e.y.Mul(a.y, inv)
e.y.Mod(e.y, P)
pool.Put(t)
pool.Put(t2)
pool.Put(inv)
return e
}
func (e *gfP2) Real() *big.Int {
return e.x
}
func (e *gfP2) Imag() *big.Int {
return e.y
}

296
crypto/bn256/gfp6.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
// Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package bn256
// For details of the algorithms used, see "Multiplication and Squaring on
// Pairing-Friendly Fields, Devegili et al.
// http://eprint.iacr.org/2006/471.pdf.
import (
"math/big"
)
// gfP6 implements the field of size p⁶ as a cubic extension of gfP2 where τ³=ξ
// and ξ=i+9.
type gfP6 struct {
x, y, z *gfP2 // value is xτ² + yτ + z
}
func newGFp6(pool *bnPool) *gfP6 {
return &gfP6{newGFp2(pool), newGFp2(pool), newGFp2(pool)}
}
func (e *gfP6) String() string {
return "(" + e.x.String() + "," + e.y.String() + "," + e.z.String() + ")"
}
func (e *gfP6) Put(pool *bnPool) {
e.x.Put(pool)
e.y.Put(pool)
e.z.Put(pool)
}
func (e *gfP6) Set(a *gfP6) *gfP6 {
e.x.Set(a.x)
e.y.Set(a.y)
e.z.Set(a.z)
return e
}
func (e *gfP6) SetZero() *gfP6 {
e.x.SetZero()
e.y.SetZero()
e.z.SetZero()
return e
}
func (e *gfP6) SetOne() *gfP6 {
e.x.SetZero()
e.y.SetZero()
e.z.SetOne()
return e
}
func (e *gfP6) Minimal() {
e.x.Minimal()
e.y.Minimal()
e.z.Minimal()
}
func (e *gfP6) IsZero() bool {
return e.x.IsZero() && e.y.IsZero() && e.z.IsZero()
}
func (e *gfP6) IsOne() bool {
return e.x.IsZero() && e.y.IsZero() && e.z.IsOne()
}
func (e *gfP6) Negative(a *gfP6) *gfP6 {
e.x.Negative(a.x)
e.y.Negative(a.y)
e.z.Negative(a.z)
return e
}
func (e *gfP6) Frobenius(a *gfP6, pool *bnPool) *gfP6 {
e.x.Conjugate(a.x)
e.y.Conjugate(a.y)
e.z.Conjugate(a.z)
e.x.Mul(e.x, xiTo2PMinus2Over3, pool)
e.y.Mul(e.y, xiToPMinus1Over3, pool)
return e
}
// FrobeniusP2 computes (xτ²+yτ+z)^(p²) = xτ^(2p²) + yτ^(p²) + z
func (e *gfP6) FrobeniusP2(a *gfP6) *gfP6 {
// τ^(2p²) = τ²τ^(2p²-2) = τ²ξ^((2p²-2)/3)
e.x.MulScalar(a.x, xiTo2PSquaredMinus2Over3)
// τ^(p²) = ττ^(p²-1) = τξ^((p²-1)/3)
e.y.MulScalar(a.y, xiToPSquaredMinus1Over3)
e.z.Set(a.z)
return e
}
func (e *gfP6) Add(a, b *gfP6) *gfP6 {
e.x.Add(a.x, b.x)
e.y.Add(a.y, b.y)
e.z.Add(a.z, b.z)
return e
}
func (e *gfP6) Sub(a, b *gfP6) *gfP6 {
e.x.Sub(a.x, b.x)
e.y.Sub(a.y, b.y)
e.z.Sub(a.z, b.z)
return e
}
func (e *gfP6) Double(a *gfP6) *gfP6 {
e.x.Double(a.x)
e.y.Double(a.y)
e.z.Double(a.z)
return e
}
func (e *gfP6) Mul(a, b *gfP6, pool *bnPool) *gfP6 {
// "Multiplication and Squaring on Pairing-Friendly Fields"
// Section 4, Karatsuba method.
// http://eprint.iacr.org/2006/471.pdf
v0 := newGFp2(pool)
v0.Mul(a.z, b.z, pool)
v1 := newGFp2(pool)
v1.Mul(a.y, b.y, pool)
v2 := newGFp2(pool)
v2.Mul(a.x, b.x, pool)
t0 := newGFp2(pool)
t0.Add(a.x, a.y)
t1 := newGFp2(pool)
t1.Add(b.x, b.y)
tz := newGFp2(pool)
tz.Mul(t0, t1, pool)
tz.Sub(tz, v1)
tz.Sub(tz, v2)
tz.MulXi(tz, pool)
tz.Add(tz, v0)
t0.Add(a.y, a.z)
t1.Add(b.y, b.z)
ty := newGFp2(pool)
ty.Mul(t0, t1, pool)
ty.Sub(ty, v0)
ty.Sub(ty, v1)
t0.MulXi(v2, pool)
ty.Add(ty, t0)
t0.Add(a.x, a.z)
t1.Add(b.x, b.z)
tx := newGFp2(pool)
tx.Mul(t0, t1, pool)
tx.Sub(tx, v0)
tx.Add(tx, v1)
tx.Sub(tx, v2)
e.x.Set(tx)
e.y.Set(ty)
e.z.Set(tz)
t0.Put(pool)
t1.Put(pool)
tx.Put(pool)
ty.Put(pool)
tz.Put(pool)
v0.Put(pool)
v1.Put(pool)
v2.Put(pool)
return e
}
func (e *gfP6) MulScalar(a *gfP6, b *gfP2, pool *bnPool) *gfP6 {
e.x.Mul(a.x, b, pool)
e.y.Mul(a.y, b, pool)
e.z.Mul(a.z, b, pool)
return e
}
func (e *gfP6) MulGFP(a *gfP6, b *big.Int) *gfP6 {
e.x.MulScalar(a.x, b)
e.y.MulScalar(a.y, b)
e.z.MulScalar(a.z, b)
return e
}
// MulTau computes τ·(aτ²+bτ+c) = bτ²+cτ+aξ
func (e *gfP6) MulTau(a *gfP6, pool *bnPool) {
tz := newGFp2(pool)
tz.MulXi(a.x, pool)
ty := newGFp2(pool)
ty.Set(a.y)
e.y.Set(a.z)
e.x.Set(ty)
e.z.Set(tz)
tz.Put(pool)
ty.Put(pool)
}
func (e *gfP6) Square(a *gfP6, pool *bnPool) *gfP6 {
v0 := newGFp2(pool).Square(a.z, pool)
v1 := newGFp2(pool).Square(a.y, pool)
v2 := newGFp2(pool).Square(a.x, pool)
c0 := newGFp2(pool).Add(a.x, a.y)
c0.Square(c0, pool)
c0.Sub(c0, v1)
c0.Sub(c0, v2)
c0.MulXi(c0, pool)
c0.Add(c0, v0)
c1 := newGFp2(pool).Add(a.y, a.z)
c1.Square(c1, pool)
c1.Sub(c1, v0)
c1.Sub(c1, v1)
xiV2 := newGFp2(pool).MulXi(v2, pool)
c1.Add(c1, xiV2)
c2 := newGFp2(pool).Add(a.x, a.z)
c2.Square(c2, pool)
c2.Sub(c2, v0)
c2.Add(c2, v1)
c2.Sub(c2, v2)
e.x.Set(c2)
e.y.Set(c1)
e.z.Set(c0)
v0.Put(pool)
v1.Put(pool)
v2.Put(pool)
c0.Put(pool)
c1.Put(pool)
c2.Put(pool)
xiV2.Put(pool)
return e
}
func (e *gfP6) Invert(a *gfP6, pool *bnPool) *gfP6 {
// See "Implementing cryptographic pairings", M. Scott, section 3.2.
// ftp://136.206.11.249/pub/crypto/pairings.pdf
// Here we can give a short explanation of how it works: let j be a cubic root of
// unity in GF(p²) so that 1+j+j²=0.
// Then (xτ² + yτ + z)(xj²τ² + yjτ + z)(xjτ² + yj²τ + z)
// = (xτ² + yτ + z)(Cτ²+Bτ+A)
// = (x³ξ²+y³ξ+z³-3ξxyz) = F is an element of the base field (the norm).
//
// On the other hand (xj²τ² + yjτ + z)(xjτ² + yj²τ + z)
// = τ²(y²-ξxz) + τ(ξx²-yz) + (z²-ξxy)
//
// So that's why A = (z²-ξxy), B = (ξx²-yz), C = (y²-ξxz)
t1 := newGFp2(pool)
A := newGFp2(pool)
A.Square(a.z, pool)
t1.Mul(a.x, a.y, pool)
t1.MulXi(t1, pool)
A.Sub(A, t1)
B := newGFp2(pool)
B.Square(a.x, pool)
B.MulXi(B, pool)
t1.Mul(a.y, a.z, pool)
B.Sub(B, t1)
C_ := newGFp2(pool)
C_.Square(a.y, pool)
t1.Mul(a.x, a.z, pool)
C_.Sub(C_, t1)
F := newGFp2(pool)
F.Mul(C_, a.y, pool)
F.MulXi(F, pool)
t1.Mul(A, a.z, pool)
F.Add(F, t1)
t1.Mul(B, a.x, pool)
t1.MulXi(t1, pool)
F.Add(F, t1)
F.Invert(F, pool)
e.x.Mul(C_, F, pool)
e.y.Mul(B, F, pool)
e.z.Mul(A, F, pool)
t1.Put(pool)
A.Put(pool)
B.Put(pool)
C_.Put(pool)
F.Put(pool)
return e
}

71
crypto/bn256/main_test.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
package bn256
import (
"testing"
"crypto/rand"
)
func TestRandomG2Marshal(t *testing.T) {
for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
n, g2, err := RandomG2(rand.Reader)
if err != nil {
t.Error(err)
continue
}
t.Logf("%d: %x\n", n, g2.Marshal())
}
}
func TestPairings(t *testing.T) {
a1 := new(G1).ScalarBaseMult(bigFromBase10("1"))
a2 := new(G1).ScalarBaseMult(bigFromBase10("2"))
a37 := new(G1).ScalarBaseMult(bigFromBase10("37"))
an1 := new(G1).ScalarBaseMult(bigFromBase10("21888242871839275222246405745257275088548364400416034343698204186575808495616"))
b0 := new(G2).ScalarBaseMult(bigFromBase10("0"))
b1 := new(G2).ScalarBaseMult(bigFromBase10("1"))
b2 := new(G2).ScalarBaseMult(bigFromBase10("2"))
b27 := new(G2).ScalarBaseMult(bigFromBase10("27"))
b999 := new(G2).ScalarBaseMult(bigFromBase10("999"))
bn1 := new(G2).ScalarBaseMult(bigFromBase10("21888242871839275222246405745257275088548364400416034343698204186575808495616"))
p1 := Pair(a1, b1)
pn1 := Pair(a1, bn1)
np1 := Pair(an1, b1)
if pn1.String() != np1.String() {
t.Error("Pairing mismatch: e(a, -b) != e(-a, b)")
}
if !PairingCheck([]*G1{a1, an1}, []*G2{b1, b1}) {
t.Error("MultiAte check gave false negative!")
}
p0 := new(GT).Add(p1, pn1)
p0_2 := Pair(a1, b0)
if p0.String() != p0_2.String() {
t.Error("Pairing mismatch: e(a, b) * e(a, -b) != 1")
}
p0_3 := new(GT).ScalarMult(p1, bigFromBase10("21888242871839275222246405745257275088548364400416034343698204186575808495617"))
if p0.String() != p0_3.String() {
t.Error("Pairing mismatch: e(a, b) has wrong order")
}
p2 := Pair(a2, b1)
p2_2 := Pair(a1, b2)
p2_3 := new(GT).ScalarMult(p1, bigFromBase10("2"))
if p2.String() != p2_2.String() {
t.Error("Pairing mismatch: e(a, b * 2) != e(a * 2, b)")
}
if p2.String() != p2_3.String() {
t.Error("Pairing mismatch: e(a, b * 2) != e(a, b) ** 2")
}
if p2.String() == p1.String() {
t.Error("Pairing is degenerate!")
}
if PairingCheck([]*G1{a1, a1}, []*G2{b1, b1}) {
t.Error("MultiAte check gave false positive!")
}
p999 := Pair(a37, b27)
p999_2 := Pair(a1, b999)
if p999.String() != p999_2.String() {
t.Error("Pairing mismatch: e(a * 37, b * 27) != e(a, b * 999)")
}
}

398
crypto/bn256/optate.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,398 @@
// Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package bn256
func lineFunctionAdd(r, p *twistPoint, q *curvePoint, r2 *gfP2, pool *bnPool) (a, b, c *gfP2, rOut *twistPoint) {
// See the mixed addition algorithm from "Faster Computation of the
// Tate Pairing", http://arxiv.org/pdf/0904.0854v3.pdf
B := newGFp2(pool).Mul(p.x, r.t, pool)
D := newGFp2(pool).Add(p.y, r.z)
D.Square(D, pool)
D.Sub(D, r2)
D.Sub(D, r.t)
D.Mul(D, r.t, pool)
H := newGFp2(pool).Sub(B, r.x)
I := newGFp2(pool).Square(H, pool)
E := newGFp2(pool).Add(I, I)
E.Add(E, E)
J := newGFp2(pool).Mul(H, E, pool)
L1 := newGFp2(pool).Sub(D, r.y)
L1.Sub(L1, r.y)
V := newGFp2(pool).Mul(r.x, E, pool)
rOut = newTwistPoint(pool)
rOut.x.Square(L1, pool)
rOut.x.Sub(rOut.x, J)
rOut.x.Sub(rOut.x, V)
rOut.x.Sub(rOut.x, V)
rOut.z.Add(r.z, H)
rOut.z.Square(rOut.z, pool)
rOut.z.Sub(rOut.z, r.t)
rOut.z.Sub(rOut.z, I)
t := newGFp2(pool).Sub(V, rOut.x)
t.Mul(t, L1, pool)
t2 := newGFp2(pool).Mul(r.y, J, pool)
t2.Add(t2, t2)
rOut.y.Sub(t, t2)
rOut.t.Square(rOut.z, pool)
t.Add(p.y, rOut.z)
t.Square(t, pool)
t.Sub(t, r2)
t.Sub(t, rOut.t)
t2.Mul(L1, p.x, pool)
t2.Add(t2, t2)
a = newGFp2(pool)
a.Sub(t2, t)
c = newGFp2(pool)
c.MulScalar(rOut.z, q.y)
c.Add(c, c)
b = newGFp2(pool)
b.SetZero()
b.Sub(b, L1)
b.MulScalar(b, q.x)
b.Add(b, b)
B.Put(pool)
D.Put(pool)
H.Put(pool)
I.Put(pool)
E.Put(pool)
J.Put(pool)
L1.Put(pool)
V.Put(pool)
t.Put(pool)
t2.Put(pool)
return
}
func lineFunctionDouble(r *twistPoint, q *curvePoint, pool *bnPool) (a, b, c *gfP2, rOut *twistPoint) {
// See the doubling algorithm for a=0 from "Faster Computation of the
// Tate Pairing", http://arxiv.org/pdf/0904.0854v3.pdf
A := newGFp2(pool).Square(r.x, pool)
B := newGFp2(pool).Square(r.y, pool)
C_ := newGFp2(pool).Square(B, pool)
D := newGFp2(pool).Add(r.x, B)
D.Square(D, pool)
D.Sub(D, A)
D.Sub(D, C_)
D.Add(D, D)
E := newGFp2(pool).Add(A, A)
E.Add(E, A)
G := newGFp2(pool).Square(E, pool)
rOut = newTwistPoint(pool)
rOut.x.Sub(G, D)
rOut.x.Sub(rOut.x, D)
rOut.z.Add(r.y, r.z)
rOut.z.Square(rOut.z, pool)
rOut.z.Sub(rOut.z, B)
rOut.z.Sub(rOut.z, r.t)
rOut.y.Sub(D, rOut.x)
rOut.y.Mul(rOut.y, E, pool)
t := newGFp2(pool).Add(C_, C_)
t.Add(t, t)
t.Add(t, t)
rOut.y.Sub(rOut.y, t)
rOut.t.Square(rOut.z, pool)
t.Mul(E, r.t, pool)
t.Add(t, t)
b = newGFp2(pool)
b.SetZero()
b.Sub(b, t)
b.MulScalar(b, q.x)
a = newGFp2(pool)
a.Add(r.x, E)
a.Square(a, pool)
a.Sub(a, A)
a.Sub(a, G)
t.Add(B, B)
t.Add(t, t)
a.Sub(a, t)
c = newGFp2(pool)
c.Mul(rOut.z, r.t, pool)
c.Add(c, c)
c.MulScalar(c, q.y)
A.Put(pool)
B.Put(pool)
C_.Put(pool)
D.Put(pool)
E.Put(pool)
G.Put(pool)
t.Put(pool)
return
}
func mulLine(ret *gfP12, a, b, c *gfP2, pool *bnPool) {
a2 := newGFp6(pool)
a2.x.SetZero()
a2.y.Set(a)
a2.z.Set(b)
a2.Mul(a2, ret.x, pool)
t3 := newGFp6(pool).MulScalar(ret.y, c, pool)
t := newGFp2(pool)
t.Add(b, c)
t2 := newGFp6(pool)
t2.x.SetZero()
t2.y.Set(a)
t2.z.Set(t)
ret.x.Add(ret.x, ret.y)
ret.y.Set(t3)
ret.x.Mul(ret.x, t2, pool)
ret.x.Sub(ret.x, a2)
ret.x.Sub(ret.x, ret.y)
a2.MulTau(a2, pool)
ret.y.Add(ret.y, a2)
a2.Put(pool)
t3.Put(pool)
t2.Put(pool)
t.Put(pool)
}
// sixuPlus2NAF is 6u+2 in non-adjacent form.
var sixuPlus2NAF = []int8{0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, -1, 0, 0, 1, -1, 0, 0, 1, 0,
0, 1, 1, 0, -1, 0, 0, 1, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1,
1, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 1,
1, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, -1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1}
// miller implements the Miller loop for calculating the Optimal Ate pairing.
// See algorithm 1 from http://cryptojedi.org/papers/dclxvi-20100714.pdf
func miller(q *twistPoint, p *curvePoint, pool *bnPool) *gfP12 {
ret := newGFp12(pool)
ret.SetOne()
aAffine := newTwistPoint(pool)
aAffine.Set(q)
aAffine.MakeAffine(pool)
bAffine := newCurvePoint(pool)
bAffine.Set(p)
bAffine.MakeAffine(pool)
minusA := newTwistPoint(pool)
minusA.Negative(aAffine, pool)
r := newTwistPoint(pool)
r.Set(aAffine)
r2 := newGFp2(pool)
r2.Square(aAffine.y, pool)
for i := len(sixuPlus2NAF) - 1; i > 0; i-- {
a, b, c, newR := lineFunctionDouble(r, bAffine, pool)
if i != len(sixuPlus2NAF)-1 {
ret.Square(ret, pool)
}
mulLine(ret, a, b, c, pool)
a.Put(pool)
b.Put(pool)
c.Put(pool)
r.Put(pool)
r = newR
switch sixuPlus2NAF[i-1] {
case 1:
a, b, c, newR = lineFunctionAdd(r, aAffine, bAffine, r2, pool)
case -1:
a, b, c, newR = lineFunctionAdd(r, minusA, bAffine, r2, pool)
default:
continue
}
mulLine(ret, a, b, c, pool)
a.Put(pool)
b.Put(pool)
c.Put(pool)
r.Put(pool)
r = newR
}
// In order to calculate Q1 we have to convert q from the sextic twist
// to the full GF(p^12) group, apply the Frobenius there, and convert
// back.
//
// The twist isomorphism is (x', y') -> (xω², yω³). If we consider just
// x for a moment, then after applying the Frobenius, we have x̄ω^(2p)
// where x̄ is the conjugate of x. If we are going to apply the inverse
// isomorphism we need a value with a single coefficient of ω² so we
// rewrite this as x̄ω^(2p-2)ω². ξ⁶ = ω and, due to the construction of
// p, 2p-2 is a multiple of six. Therefore we can rewrite as
// x̄ξ^((p-1)/3)ω² and applying the inverse isomorphism eliminates the
// ω².
//
// A similar argument can be made for the y value.
q1 := newTwistPoint(pool)
q1.x.Conjugate(aAffine.x)
q1.x.Mul(q1.x, xiToPMinus1Over3, pool)
q1.y.Conjugate(aAffine.y)
q1.y.Mul(q1.y, xiToPMinus1Over2, pool)
q1.z.SetOne()
q1.t.SetOne()
// For Q2 we are applying the p² Frobenius. The two conjugations cancel
// out and we are left only with the factors from the isomorphism. In
// the case of x, we end up with a pure number which is why
// xiToPSquaredMinus1Over3 is ∈ GF(p). With y we get a factor of -1. We
// ignore this to end up with -Q2.
minusQ2 := newTwistPoint(pool)
minusQ2.x.MulScalar(aAffine.x, xiToPSquaredMinus1Over3)
minusQ2.y.Set(aAffine.y)
minusQ2.z.SetOne()
minusQ2.t.SetOne()
r2.Square(q1.y, pool)
a, b, c, newR := lineFunctionAdd(r, q1, bAffine, r2, pool)
mulLine(ret, a, b, c, pool)
a.Put(pool)
b.Put(pool)
c.Put(pool)
r.Put(pool)
r = newR
r2.Square(minusQ2.y, pool)
a, b, c, newR = lineFunctionAdd(r, minusQ2, bAffine, r2, pool)
mulLine(ret, a, b, c, pool)
a.Put(pool)
b.Put(pool)
c.Put(pool)
r.Put(pool)
r = newR
aAffine.Put(pool)
bAffine.Put(pool)
minusA.Put(pool)
r.Put(pool)
r2.Put(pool)
return ret
}
// finalExponentiation computes the (p¹²-1)/Order-th power of an element of
// GF(p¹²) to obtain an element of GT (steps 13-15 of algorithm 1 from
// http://cryptojedi.org/papers/dclxvi-20100714.pdf)
func finalExponentiation(in *gfP12, pool *bnPool) *gfP12 {
t1 := newGFp12(pool)
// This is the p^6-Frobenius
t1.x.Negative(in.x)
t1.y.Set(in.y)
inv := newGFp12(pool)
inv.Invert(in, pool)
t1.Mul(t1, inv, pool)
t2 := newGFp12(pool).FrobeniusP2(t1, pool)
t1.Mul(t1, t2, pool)
fp := newGFp12(pool).Frobenius(t1, pool)
fp2 := newGFp12(pool).FrobeniusP2(t1, pool)
fp3 := newGFp12(pool).Frobenius(fp2, pool)
fu, fu2, fu3 := newGFp12(pool), newGFp12(pool), newGFp12(pool)
fu.Exp(t1, u, pool)
fu2.Exp(fu, u, pool)
fu3.Exp(fu2, u, pool)
y3 := newGFp12(pool).Frobenius(fu, pool)
fu2p := newGFp12(pool).Frobenius(fu2, pool)
fu3p := newGFp12(pool).Frobenius(fu3, pool)
y2 := newGFp12(pool).FrobeniusP2(fu2, pool)
y0 := newGFp12(pool)
y0.Mul(fp, fp2, pool)
y0.Mul(y0, fp3, pool)
y1, y4, y5 := newGFp12(pool), newGFp12(pool), newGFp12(pool)
y1.Conjugate(t1)
y5.Conjugate(fu2)
y3.Conjugate(y3)
y4.Mul(fu, fu2p, pool)
y4.Conjugate(y4)
y6 := newGFp12(pool)
y6.Mul(fu3, fu3p, pool)
y6.Conjugate(y6)
t0 := newGFp12(pool)
t0.Square(y6, pool)
t0.Mul(t0, y4, pool)
t0.Mul(t0, y5, pool)
t1.Mul(y3, y5, pool)
t1.Mul(t1, t0, pool)
t0.Mul(t0, y2, pool)
t1.Square(t1, pool)
t1.Mul(t1, t0, pool)
t1.Square(t1, pool)
t0.Mul(t1, y1, pool)
t1.Mul(t1, y0, pool)
t0.Square(t0, pool)
t0.Mul(t0, t1, pool)
inv.Put(pool)
t1.Put(pool)
t2.Put(pool)
fp.Put(pool)
fp2.Put(pool)
fp3.Put(pool)
fu.Put(pool)
fu2.Put(pool)
fu3.Put(pool)
fu2p.Put(pool)
fu3p.Put(pool)
y0.Put(pool)
y1.Put(pool)
y2.Put(pool)
y3.Put(pool)
y4.Put(pool)
y5.Put(pool)
y6.Put(pool)
return t0
}
func optimalAte(a *twistPoint, b *curvePoint, pool *bnPool) *gfP12 {
e := miller(a, b, pool)
ret := finalExponentiation(e, pool)
e.Put(pool)
if a.IsInfinity() || b.IsInfinity() {
ret.SetOne()
}
return ret
}

249
crypto/bn256/twist.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
// Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package bn256
import (
"math/big"
)
// twistPoint implements the elliptic curve y²=x³+3/ξ over GF(p²). Points are
// kept in Jacobian form and t=z² when valid. The group G₂ is the set of
// n-torsion points of this curve over GF(p²) (where n = Order)
type twistPoint struct {
x, y, z, t *gfP2
}
var twistB = &gfP2{
bigFromBase10("266929791119991161246907387137283842545076965332900288569378510910307636690"),
bigFromBase10("19485874751759354771024239261021720505790618469301721065564631296452457478373"),
}
// twistGen is the generator of group G₂.
var twistGen = &twistPoint{
&gfP2{
bigFromBase10("11559732032986387107991004021392285783925812861821192530917403151452391805634"),
bigFromBase10("10857046999023057135944570762232829481370756359578518086990519993285655852781"),
},
&gfP2{
bigFromBase10("4082367875863433681332203403145435568316851327593401208105741076214120093531"),
bigFromBase10("8495653923123431417604973247489272438418190587263600148770280649306958101930"),
},
&gfP2{
bigFromBase10("0"),
bigFromBase10("1"),
},
&gfP2{
bigFromBase10("0"),
bigFromBase10("1"),
},
}
func newTwistPoint(pool *bnPool) *twistPoint {
return &twistPoint{
newGFp2(pool),
newGFp2(pool),
newGFp2(pool),
newGFp2(pool),
}
}
func (c *twistPoint) String() string {
return "(" + c.x.String() + ", " + c.y.String() + ", " + c.z.String() + ")"
}
func (c *twistPoint) Put(pool *bnPool) {
c.x.Put(pool)
c.y.Put(pool)
c.z.Put(pool)
c.t.Put(pool)
}
func (c *twistPoint) Set(a *twistPoint) {
c.x.Set(a.x)
c.y.Set(a.y)
c.z.Set(a.z)
c.t.Set(a.t)
}
// IsOnCurve returns true iff c is on the curve where c must be in affine form.
func (c *twistPoint) IsOnCurve() bool {
pool := new(bnPool)
yy := newGFp2(pool).Square(c.y, pool)
xxx := newGFp2(pool).Square(c.x, pool)
xxx.Mul(xxx, c.x, pool)
yy.Sub(yy, xxx)
yy.Sub(yy, twistB)
yy.Minimal()
return yy.x.Sign() == 0 && yy.y.Sign() == 0
}
func (c *twistPoint) SetInfinity() {
c.z.SetZero()
}
func (c *twistPoint) IsInfinity() bool {
return c.z.IsZero()
}
func (c *twistPoint) Add(a, b *twistPoint, pool *bnPool) {
// For additional comments, see the same function in curve.go.
if a.IsInfinity() {
c.Set(b)
return
}
if b.IsInfinity() {
c.Set(a)
return
}
// See http://hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-code/shortw/jacobian-0/addition/add-2007-bl.op3
z1z1 := newGFp2(pool).Square(a.z, pool)
z2z2 := newGFp2(pool).Square(b.z, pool)
u1 := newGFp2(pool).Mul(a.x, z2z2, pool)
u2 := newGFp2(pool).Mul(b.x, z1z1, pool)
t := newGFp2(pool).Mul(b.z, z2z2, pool)
s1 := newGFp2(pool).Mul(a.y, t, pool)
t.Mul(a.z, z1z1, pool)
s2 := newGFp2(pool).Mul(b.y, t, pool)
h := newGFp2(pool).Sub(u2, u1)
xEqual := h.IsZero()
t.Add(h, h)
i := newGFp2(pool).Square(t, pool)
j := newGFp2(pool).Mul(h, i, pool)
t.Sub(s2, s1)
yEqual := t.IsZero()
if xEqual && yEqual {
c.Double(a, pool)
return
}
r := newGFp2(pool).Add(t, t)
v := newGFp2(pool).Mul(u1, i, pool)
t4 := newGFp2(pool).Square(r, pool)
t.Add(v, v)
t6 := newGFp2(pool).Sub(t4, j)
c.x.Sub(t6, t)
t.Sub(v, c.x) // t7
t4.Mul(s1, j, pool) // t8
t6.Add(t4, t4) // t9
t4.Mul(r, t, pool) // t10
c.y.Sub(t4, t6)
t.Add(a.z, b.z) // t11
t4.Square(t, pool) // t12
t.Sub(t4, z1z1) // t13
t4.Sub(t, z2z2) // t14
c.z.Mul(t4, h, pool)
z1z1.Put(pool)
z2z2.Put(pool)
u1.Put(pool)
u2.Put(pool)
t.Put(pool)
s1.Put(pool)
s2.Put(pool)
h.Put(pool)
i.Put(pool)
j.Put(pool)
r.Put(pool)
v.Put(pool)
t4.Put(pool)
t6.Put(pool)
}
func (c *twistPoint) Double(a *twistPoint, pool *bnPool) {
// See http://hyperelliptic.org/EFD/g1p/auto-code/shortw/jacobian-0/doubling/dbl-2009-l.op3
A := newGFp2(pool).Square(a.x, pool)
B := newGFp2(pool).Square(a.y, pool)
C_ := newGFp2(pool).Square(B, pool)
t := newGFp2(pool).Add(a.x, B)
t2 := newGFp2(pool).Square(t, pool)
t.Sub(t2, A)
t2.Sub(t, C_)
d := newGFp2(pool).Add(t2, t2)
t.Add(A, A)
e := newGFp2(pool).Add(t, A)
f := newGFp2(pool).Square(e, pool)
t.Add(d, d)
c.x.Sub(f, t)
t.Add(C_, C_)
t2.Add(t, t)
t.Add(t2, t2)
c.y.Sub(d, c.x)
t2.Mul(e, c.y, pool)
c.y.Sub(t2, t)
t.Mul(a.y, a.z, pool)
c.z.Add(t, t)
A.Put(pool)
B.Put(pool)
C_.Put(pool)
t.Put(pool)
t2.Put(pool)
d.Put(pool)
e.Put(pool)
f.Put(pool)
}
func (c *twistPoint) Mul(a *twistPoint, scalar *big.Int, pool *bnPool) *twistPoint {
sum := newTwistPoint(pool)
sum.SetInfinity()
t := newTwistPoint(pool)
for i := scalar.BitLen(); i >= 0; i-- {
t.Double(sum, pool)
if scalar.Bit(i) != 0 {
sum.Add(t, a, pool)
} else {
sum.Set(t)
}
}
c.Set(sum)
sum.Put(pool)
t.Put(pool)
return c
}
func (c *twistPoint) MakeAffine(pool *bnPool) *twistPoint {
if c.z.IsOne() {
return c
}
zInv := newGFp2(pool).Invert(c.z, pool)
t := newGFp2(pool).Mul(c.y, zInv, pool)
zInv2 := newGFp2(pool).Square(zInv, pool)
c.y.Mul(t, zInv2, pool)
t.Mul(c.x, zInv2, pool)
c.x.Set(t)
c.z.SetOne()
c.t.SetOne()
zInv.Put(pool)
t.Put(pool)
zInv2.Put(pool)
return c
}
func (c *twistPoint) Negative(a *twistPoint, pool *bnPool) {
c.x.Set(a.x)
c.y.SetZero()
c.y.Sub(c.y, a.y)
c.z.Set(a.z)
c.t.SetZero()
}

2
internal/ethapi/tracer_test.go
View File

@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ func runTrace(tracer *JavascriptTracer) (interface{}, error) {
contract := vm.NewContract(account{}, account{}, big.NewInt(0), 10000)
contract.Code = []byte{byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x1, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x1, 0x0}
_, err := env.Interpreter().Run(contract, []byte{})
_, err := env.Interpreter().Run(0, contract, []byte{})
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}

2
miner/worker.go
View File

@ -523,7 +523,7 @@ func (env *Work) commitTransactions(mux *event.TypeMux, txs *types.TransactionsB
continue
}
// Start executing the transaction
env.state.StartRecord(tx.Hash(), common.Hash{}, env.tcount)
env.state.Prepare(tx.Hash(), common.Hash{}, env.tcount)
err, logs := env.commitTransaction(tx, bc, coinbase, gp)
switch err {

95
params/config.go
View File

@ -26,40 +26,46 @@ import (
var (
// MainnetChainConfig is the chain parameters to run a node on the main network.
MainnetChainConfig = &ChainConfig{
ChainId: MainNetChainID,
HomesteadBlock: MainNetHomesteadBlock,
DAOForkBlock: MainNetDAOForkBlock,
DAOForkSupport: true,
EIP150Block: MainNetHomesteadGasRepriceBlock,
EIP150Hash: MainNetHomesteadGasRepriceHash,
EIP155Block: MainNetSpuriousDragon,
EIP158Block: MainNetSpuriousDragon,
Ethash: new(EthashConfig),
ChainId: MainNetChainID,
HomesteadBlock: MainNetHomesteadBlock,
DAOForkBlock: MainNetDAOForkBlock,
DAOForkSupport: true,
EIP150Block: MainNetHomesteadGasRepriceBlock,
EIP150Hash: MainNetHomesteadGasRepriceHash,
EIP155Block: MainNetSpuriousDragon,
EIP158Block: MainNetSpuriousDragon,
MetropolisBlock: MainNetMetropolisBlock,
Ethash: new(EthashConfig),
}
// TestnetChainConfig contains the chain parameters to run a node on the Ropsten test network.
TestnetChainConfig = &ChainConfig{
ChainId: big.NewInt(3),
HomesteadBlock: big.NewInt(0),
DAOForkBlock: nil,
DAOForkSupport: true,
EIP150Block: big.NewInt(0),
EIP150Hash: common.HexToHash("0x41941023680923e0fe4d74a34bdac8141f2540e3ae90623718e47d66d1ca4a2d"),
EIP155Block: big.NewInt(10),
EIP158Block: big.NewInt(10),
Ethash: new(EthashConfig),
ChainId: big.NewInt(3),
HomesteadBlock: big.NewInt(0),
DAOForkBlock: nil,
DAOForkSupport: true,
EIP150Block: big.NewInt(0),
EIP150Hash: common.HexToHash("0x41941023680923e0fe4d74a34bdac8141f2540e3ae90623718e47d66d1ca4a2d"),
EIP155Block: big.NewInt(10),
EIP158Block: big.NewInt(10),
MetropolisBlock: TestNetMetropolisBlock,
Ethash: new(EthashConfig),
}
// RinkebyChainConfig contains the chain parameters to run a node on the Rinkeby test network.
RinkebyChainConfig = &ChainConfig{
ChainId: big.NewInt(4),
HomesteadBlock: big.NewInt(1),
DAOForkBlock: nil,
DAOForkSupport: true,
EIP150Block: big.NewInt(2),
EIP150Hash: common.HexToHash("0x9b095b36c15eaf13044373aef8ee0bd3a382a5abb92e402afa44b8249c3a90e9"),
EIP155Block: big.NewInt(3),
EIP158Block: big.NewInt(3),
ChainId: big.NewInt(4),
HomesteadBlock: big.NewInt(1),
DAOForkBlock: nil,
DAOForkSupport: true,
EIP150Block: big.NewInt(2),
EIP150Hash: common.HexToHash("0x9b095b36c15eaf13044373aef8ee0bd3a382a5abb92e402afa44b8249c3a90e9"),
EIP155Block: big.NewInt(3),
EIP158Block: big.NewInt(3),
MetropolisBlock: TestNetMetropolisBlock,
Clique: &CliqueConfig{
Period: 15,
Epoch: 30000,
@ -68,15 +74,15 @@ var (
// AllProtocolChanges contains every protocol change (EIPs)
// introduced and accepted by the Ethereum core developers.
// TestChainConfig is like AllProtocolChanges but has chain ID 1.
//
// This configuration is intentionally not using keyed fields.
// This configuration must *always* have all forks enabled, which
// means that all fields must be set at all times. This forces
// anyone adding flags to the config to also have to set these
// fields.
AllProtocolChanges = &ChainConfig{big.NewInt(1337), big.NewInt(0), nil, false, big.NewInt(0), common.Hash{}, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), new(EthashConfig), nil}
TestChainConfig = &ChainConfig{big.NewInt(1), big.NewInt(0), nil, false, big.NewInt(0), common.Hash{}, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), new(EthashConfig), nil}
AllProtocolChanges = &ChainConfig{big.NewInt(1337), big.NewInt(0), nil, false, big.NewInt(0), common.Hash{}, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), new(EthashConfig), nil}
TestChainConfig = &ChainConfig{big.NewInt(1), big.NewInt(0), nil, false, big.NewInt(0), common.Hash{}, big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(0), nil, new(EthashConfig), nil}
TestRules = TestChainConfig.Rules(new(big.Int))
)
// ChainConfig is the core config which determines the blockchain settings.
@ -98,6 +104,8 @@ type ChainConfig struct {
EIP155Block *big.Int `json:"eip155Block,omitempty"` // EIP155 HF block
EIP158Block *big.Int `json:"eip158Block,omitempty"` // EIP158 HF block
MetropolisBlock *big.Int `json:"metropolisBlock,omitempty"` // Metropolis switch block (nil = no fork, 0 = alraedy on homestead)
// Various consensus engines
Ethash *EthashConfig `json:"ethash,omitempty"`
Clique *CliqueConfig `json:"clique,omitempty"`
@ -133,7 +141,7 @@ func (c *ChainConfig) String() string {
default:
engine = "unknown"
}
return fmt.Sprintf("{ChainID: %v Homestead: %v DAO: %v DAOSupport: %v EIP150: %v EIP155: %v EIP158: %v Engine: %v}",
return fmt.Sprintf("{ChainID: %v Homestead: %v DAO: %v DAOSupport: %v EIP150: %v EIP155: %v EIP158: %v Metropolis: %v Engine: %v}",
c.ChainId,
c.HomesteadBlock,
c.DAOForkBlock,
@ -141,6 +149,7 @@ func (c *ChainConfig) String() string {
c.EIP150Block,
c.EIP155Block,
c.EIP158Block,
c.MetropolisBlock,
engine,
)
}
@ -167,6 +176,10 @@ func (c *ChainConfig) IsEIP158(num *big.Int) bool {
return isForked(c.EIP158Block, num)
}
func (c *ChainConfig) IsMetropolis(num *big.Int) bool {
return isForked(c.MetropolisBlock, num)
}
// GasTable returns the gas table corresponding to the current phase (homestead or homestead reprice).
//
// The returned GasTable's fields shouldn't, under any circumstances, be changed.
@ -224,6 +237,9 @@ func (c *ChainConfig) checkCompatible(newcfg *ChainConfig, head *big.Int) *Confi
if c.IsEIP158(head) && !configNumEqual(c.ChainId, newcfg.ChainId) {
return newCompatError("EIP158 chain ID", c.EIP158Block, newcfg.EIP158Block)
}
if isForkIncompatible(c.MetropolisBlock, newcfg.MetropolisBlock, head) {
return newCompatError("Metropolis fork block", c.MetropolisBlock, newcfg.MetropolisBlock)
}
return nil
}
@ -281,3 +297,22 @@ func newCompatError(what string, storedblock, newblock *big.Int) *ConfigCompatEr
func (err *ConfigCompatError) Error() string {
return fmt.Sprintf("mismatching %s in database (have %d, want %d, rewindto %d)", err.What, err.StoredConfig, err.NewConfig, err.RewindTo)
}
// Rules wraps ChainConfig and is merely syntatic sugar or can be used for functions
// that do not have or require information about the block.
//
// Rules is a one time interface meaning that it shouldn't be used in between transition
// phases.
type Rules struct {
ChainId *big.Int
IsHomestead, IsEIP150, IsEIP155, IsEIP158 bool
IsMetropolis bool
}
func (c *ChainConfig) Rules(num *big.Int) Rules {
chainId := c.ChainId
if chainId == nil {
chainId = new(big.Int)
}
return Rules{ChainId: new(big.Int).Set(chainId), IsHomestead: c.IsHomestead(num), IsEIP150: c.IsEIP150(num), IsEIP155: c.IsEIP155(num), IsEIP158: c.IsEIP158(num), IsMetropolis: c.IsMetropolis(num)}
}

8
params/util.go
View File

@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
package params
import (
"math"
"math/big"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
@ -38,6 +39,9 @@ var (
TestNetSpuriousDragon = big.NewInt(10)
MainNetSpuriousDragon = big.NewInt(2675000)
TestNetChainID = big.NewInt(3) // Testnet default chain ID
MainNetChainID = big.NewInt(1) // Mainnet default chain ID
TestNetMetropolisBlock = big.NewInt(math.MaxInt64)
MainNetMetropolisBlock = big.NewInt(math.MaxInt64)
TestNetChainID = big.NewInt(3) // Test net default chain ID
MainNetChainID = big.NewInt(1) // main net default chain ID
)