mirror of
https://github.com/ethereum/solidity
synced 2023-10-03 13:03:40 +00:00
c861cf579d
Even when the keys are signed the translation is supposed to work because Why3 arrays allow negative indices.
826 lines
21 KiB
C++
826 lines
21 KiB
C++
/*
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This file is part of cpp-ethereum.
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cpp-ethereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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cpp-ethereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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GNU General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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along with cpp-ethereum. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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*/
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/**
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* @author Christian <c@ethdev.com>
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* @date 2015
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* Component that translates Solidity code into the why3 programming language.
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*/
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#include <libsolidity/formal/Why3Translator.h>
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#include <boost/algorithm/string/predicate.hpp>
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using namespace std;
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using namespace dev;
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using namespace dev::solidity;
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bool Why3Translator::process(SourceUnit const& _source)
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{
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try
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{
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if (m_lines.size() != 1 || !m_lines.back().contents.empty())
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fatalError(_source, "Multiple source units not yet supported");
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appendPreface();
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_source.accept(*this);
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}
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catch (FatalError& /*_e*/)
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{
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solAssert(m_errorOccured, "");
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}
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return !m_errorOccured;
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}
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string Why3Translator::translation() const
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{
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string result;
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for (auto const& line: m_lines)
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result += string(line.indentation, '\t') + line.contents + "\n";
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return result;
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}
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void Why3Translator::error(ASTNode const& _node, string const& _description)
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{
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auto err = make_shared<Error>(Error::Type::Why3TranslatorError);
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*err <<
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errinfo_sourceLocation(_node.location()) <<
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errinfo_comment(_description);
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m_errors.push_back(err);
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m_errorOccured = true;
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}
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void Why3Translator::fatalError(ASTNode const& _node, string const& _description)
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{
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error(_node, _description);
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BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(FatalError());
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}
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string Why3Translator::toFormalType(Type const& _type) const
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{
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if (_type.category() == Type::Category::Bool)
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return "bool";
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else if (auto type = dynamic_cast<IntegerType const*>(&_type))
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{
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if (!type->isAddress() && !type->isSigned() && type->numBits() == 256)
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return "uint256";
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}
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else if (auto type = dynamic_cast<ArrayType const*>(&_type))
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{
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if (!type->isByteArray() && type->isDynamicallySized() && type->dataStoredIn(DataLocation::Memory))
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{
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string base = toFormalType(*type->baseType());
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if (!base.empty())
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return "array " + base;
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}
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}
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else if (auto mappingType = dynamic_cast<MappingType const*>(&_type))
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{
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solAssert(mappingType->keyType(), "A mappingType misses a keyType.");
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if (dynamic_cast<IntegerType const*>(&*mappingType->keyType()))
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{
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//@TODO Use the information from the key type and specify the length of the array as an invariant.
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// Also the constructor need to specify the length of the array.
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string valueType = toFormalType(*mappingType->valueType());
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if (!valueType.empty())
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return "array " + valueType;
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}
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}
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return "";
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}
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void Why3Translator::addLine(string const& _line)
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{
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newLine();
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add(_line);
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newLine();
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}
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void Why3Translator::add(string const& _str)
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{
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m_lines.back().contents += _str;
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}
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void Why3Translator::newLine()
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{
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if (!m_lines.back().contents.empty())
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m_lines.push_back({"", m_lines.back().indentation});
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}
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void Why3Translator::unindent()
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{
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newLine();
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solAssert(m_lines.back().indentation > 0, "");
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m_lines.back().indentation--;
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}
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bool Why3Translator::visit(ContractDefinition const& _contract)
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{
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if (m_seenContract)
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error(_contract, "More than one contract not supported.");
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m_seenContract = true;
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m_currentContract.contract = &_contract;
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if (_contract.isLibrary())
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error(_contract, "Libraries not supported.");
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addLine("module Contract_" + _contract.name());
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indent();
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addLine("use import int.Int");
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addLine("use import ref.Ref");
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addLine("use import map.Map");
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addLine("use import array.Array");
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addLine("use import int.ComputerDivision");
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addLine("use import mach.int.Unsigned");
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addLine("use import UInt256");
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addLine("exception Revert");
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addLine("exception Return");
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if (_contract.stateVariables().empty())
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addLine("type state = ()");
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else
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{
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addLine("type state = {");
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indent();
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m_currentContract.stateVariables = _contract.stateVariables();
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for (VariableDeclaration const* variable: m_currentContract.stateVariables)
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{
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string varType = toFormalType(*variable->annotation().type);
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if (varType.empty())
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fatalError(*variable, "Type not supported for state variable.");
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addLine("mutable _" + variable->name() + ": " + varType);
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}
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unindent();
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addLine("}");
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}
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addLine("type account = {");
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indent();
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addLine("mutable balance: uint256;");
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addLine("storage: state");
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unindent();
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addLine("}");
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addLine("val external_call (this: account): bool");
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indent();
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addLine("ensures { result = false -> this = (old this) }");
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addLine("writes { this }");
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addSourceFromDocStrings(m_currentContract.contract->annotation());
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unindent();
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if (!_contract.baseContracts().empty())
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error(*_contract.baseContracts().front(), "Inheritance not supported.");
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if (!_contract.definedStructs().empty())
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error(*_contract.definedStructs().front(), "User-defined types not supported.");
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if (!_contract.definedEnums().empty())
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error(*_contract.definedEnums().front(), "User-defined types not supported.");
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if (!_contract.events().empty())
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error(*_contract.events().front(), "Events not supported.");
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if (!_contract.functionModifiers().empty())
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error(*_contract.functionModifiers().front(), "Modifiers not supported.");
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ASTNode::listAccept(_contract.definedFunctions(), *this);
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return false;
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}
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void Why3Translator::endVisit(ContractDefinition const&)
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{
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m_currentContract.reset();
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unindent();
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addLine("end");
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}
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bool Why3Translator::visit(FunctionDefinition const& _function)
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{
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if (!_function.isImplemented())
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{
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error(_function, "Unimplemented functions not supported.");
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return false;
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}
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if (_function.name().empty())
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{
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error(_function, "Fallback functions not supported.");
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return false;
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}
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if (!_function.modifiers().empty())
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{
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error(_function, "Modifiers not supported.");
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return false;
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}
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m_localVariables.clear();
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for (auto const& var: _function.parameters())
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m_localVariables[var->name()] = var.get();
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for (auto const& var: _function.returnParameters())
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m_localVariables[var->name()] = var.get();
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for (auto const& var: _function.localVariables())
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m_localVariables[var->name()] = var;
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add("let rec _" + _function.name());
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add(" (this: account)");
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for (auto const& param: _function.parameters())
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{
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string paramType = toFormalType(*param->annotation().type);
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if (paramType.empty())
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error(*param, "Parameter type not supported.");
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if (param->name().empty())
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error(*param, "Anonymous function parameters not supported.");
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add(" (arg_" + param->name() + ": " + paramType + ")");
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}
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add(":");
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indent();
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indent();
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string retString = "(";
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for (auto const& retParam: _function.returnParameters())
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{
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string paramType = toFormalType(*retParam->annotation().type);
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if (paramType.empty())
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error(*retParam, "Parameter type not supported.");
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if (retString.size() != 1)
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retString += ", ";
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retString += paramType;
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}
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add(retString + ")");
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unindent();
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addSourceFromDocStrings(_function.annotation());
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if (!m_currentContract.contract)
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error(_function, "Only functions inside contracts allowed.");
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addSourceFromDocStrings(m_currentContract.contract->annotation());
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if (_function.isDeclaredConst())
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addLine("ensures { (old this) = this }");
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else
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addLine("writes { this }");
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addLine("=");
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// store the prestate in the case we need to revert
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addLine("let prestate = {balance = this.balance; storage = " + copyOfStorage() + "} in ");
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// initialise local variables
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for (auto const& variable: _function.parameters())
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addLine("let _" + variable->name() + " = ref arg_" + variable->name() + " in");
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for (auto const& variable: _function.returnParameters())
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{
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if (variable->name().empty())
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error(*variable, "Unnamed return variables not yet supported.");
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string varType = toFormalType(*variable->annotation().type);
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addLine("let _" + variable->name() + ": ref " + varType + " = ref (of_int 0) in");
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}
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for (VariableDeclaration const* variable: _function.localVariables())
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{
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if (variable->name().empty())
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error(*variable, "Unnamed variables not yet supported.");
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string varType = toFormalType(*variable->annotation().type);
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addLine("let _" + variable->name() + ": ref " + varType + " = ref (of_int 0) in");
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}
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addLine("try");
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_function.body().accept(*this);
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add(";");
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addLine("raise Return");
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string retVals;
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for (auto const& variable: _function.returnParameters())
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{
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if (!retVals.empty())
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retVals += ", ";
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retVals += "!_" + variable->name();
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}
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addLine("with Return -> (" + retVals + ") |");
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string reversion = " Revert -> this.balance <- prestate.balance; ";
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for (auto const* variable: m_currentContract.stateVariables)
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reversion += "this.storage._" + variable->name() + " <- prestate.storage._" + variable->name() + "; ";
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//@TODO in case of reversion the return values are wrong - we need to change the
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// return type to include a bool to signify if an exception was thrown.
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reversion += "(" + retVals + ")";
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addLine(reversion);
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unindent();
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addLine("end");
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addLine("");
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return false;
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}
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void Why3Translator::endVisit(FunctionDefinition const&)
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{
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m_localVariables.clear();
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}
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bool Why3Translator::visit(Block const& _node)
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{
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addSourceFromDocStrings(_node.annotation());
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add("begin");
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indent();
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for (size_t i = 0; i < _node.statements().size(); ++i)
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{
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_node.statements()[i]->accept(*this);
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if (i != _node.statements().size() - 1)
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{
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auto it = m_lines.end() - 1;
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while (it != m_lines.begin() && it->contents.empty())
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--it;
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if (!boost::algorithm::ends_with(it->contents, "begin"))
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it->contents += ";";
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}
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newLine();
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}
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unindent();
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add("end");
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return false;
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}
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bool Why3Translator::visit(IfStatement const& _node)
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{
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addSourceFromDocStrings(_node.annotation());
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add("if ");
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_node.condition().accept(*this);
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add(" then");
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visitIndentedUnlessBlock(_node.trueStatement());
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if (_node.falseStatement())
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{
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newLine();
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add("else");
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visitIndentedUnlessBlock(*_node.falseStatement());
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}
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return false;
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}
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bool Why3Translator::visit(WhileStatement const& _node)
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{
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addSourceFromDocStrings(_node.annotation());
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add("while ");
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_node.condition().accept(*this);
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newLine();
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add("do");
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visitIndentedUnlessBlock(_node.body());
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add("done");
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return false;
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}
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bool Why3Translator::visit(Return const& _node)
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{
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addSourceFromDocStrings(_node.annotation());
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if (_node.expression())
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{
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solAssert(!!_node.annotation().functionReturnParameters, "");
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auto const& params = _node.annotation().functionReturnParameters->parameters();
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if (params.size() != 1)
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{
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error(_node, "Directly returning tuples not supported. Rather assign to return variable.");
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return false;
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}
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add("begin _" + params.front()->name() + " := ");
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_node.expression()->accept(*this);
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add("; raise Return end");
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}
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else
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add("raise Return");
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return false;
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}
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bool Why3Translator::visit(Throw const& _node)
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{
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addSourceFromDocStrings(_node.annotation());
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add("raise Revert");
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return false;
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}
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bool Why3Translator::visit(VariableDeclarationStatement const& _node)
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{
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addSourceFromDocStrings(_node.annotation());
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if (_node.declarations().size() != 1)
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{
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error(_node, "Multiple variables not supported.");
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return false;
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}
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if (_node.initialValue())
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{
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add("_" + _node.declarations().front()->name() + " := ");
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_node.initialValue()->accept(*this);
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}
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return false;
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}
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bool Why3Translator::visit(ExpressionStatement const& _node)
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{
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addSourceFromDocStrings(_node.annotation());
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return true;
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}
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bool Why3Translator::visit(Assignment const& _node)
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{
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if (_node.assignmentOperator() != Token::Assign)
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error(_node, "Compound assignment not supported.");
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_node.leftHandSide().accept(*this);
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add(m_currentLValueIsRef ? " := " : " <- ");
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_node.rightHandSide().accept(*this);
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return false;
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}
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bool Why3Translator::visit(TupleExpression const& _node)
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{
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if (_node.components().size() != 1)
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error(_node, "Only tuples with exactly one component supported.");
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add("(");
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return true;
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}
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bool Why3Translator::visit(UnaryOperation const& _unaryOperation)
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{
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if (toFormalType(*_unaryOperation.annotation().type).empty())
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error(_unaryOperation, "Type not supported in unary operation.");
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switch (_unaryOperation.getOperator())
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{
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case Token::Not: // !
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add("(not ");
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break;
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default:
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error(_unaryOperation, "Operator not supported.");
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break;
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}
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_unaryOperation.subExpression().accept(*this);
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add(")");
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return false;
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}
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bool Why3Translator::visit(BinaryOperation const& _binaryOperation)
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{
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Expression const& leftExpression = _binaryOperation.leftExpression();
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Expression const& rightExpression = _binaryOperation.rightExpression();
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solAssert(!!_binaryOperation.annotation().commonType, "");
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Type const& commonType = *_binaryOperation.annotation().commonType;
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Token::Value const c_op = _binaryOperation.getOperator();
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if (commonType.category() == Type::Category::RationalNumber)
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{
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auto const& constantNumber = dynamic_cast<RationalNumberType const&>(commonType);
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if (constantNumber.isFractional())
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error(_binaryOperation, "Fractional numbers not supported.");
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else
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add("(of_int " + toString(commonType.literalValue(nullptr)) + ")");
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return false;
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}
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static const map<Token::Value, char const*> optrans({
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{Token::And, " && "},
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{Token::Or, " || "},
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{Token::BitOr, " lor "},
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{Token::BitXor, " lxor "},
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{Token::BitAnd, " land "},
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{Token::Add, " + "},
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{Token::Sub, " - "},
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{Token::Mul, " * "},
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{Token::Div, " / "},
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{Token::Mod, " mod "},
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{Token::Equal, " = "},
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{Token::NotEqual, " <> "},
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{Token::LessThan, " < "},
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{Token::GreaterThan, " > "},
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{Token::LessThanOrEqual, " <= "},
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{Token::GreaterThanOrEqual, " >= "}
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});
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if (!optrans.count(c_op))
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{
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error(_binaryOperation, "Operator not supported.");
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return true;
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}
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add("(");
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leftExpression.accept(*this);
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add(optrans.at(c_op));
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rightExpression.accept(*this);
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add(")");
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return false;
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}
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bool Why3Translator::visit(FunctionCall const& _node)
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{
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if (_node.annotation().isTypeConversion || _node.annotation().isStructConstructorCall)
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{
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error(_node, "Only ordinary function calls supported.");
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return true;
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}
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FunctionType const& function = dynamic_cast<FunctionType const&>(*_node.expression().annotation().type);
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|
switch (function.location())
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{
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case FunctionType::Location::AddMod:
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case FunctionType::Location::MulMod:
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{
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//@todo require that third parameter is not zero
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add("(of_int (mod (Int.(");
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add(function.location() == FunctionType::Location::AddMod ? "+" : "*");
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add(") (to_int ");
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_node.arguments().at(0)->accept(*this);
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add(") (to_int ");
|
|
_node.arguments().at(1)->accept(*this);
|
|
add(")) (to_int ");
|
|
_node.arguments().at(2)->accept(*this);
|
|
add(")))");
|
|
return false;
|
|
}
|
|
case FunctionType::Location::Internal:
|
|
{
|
|
if (!_node.names().empty())
|
|
{
|
|
error(_node, "Function calls with named arguments not supported.");
|
|
return true;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
//@TODO check type conversions
|
|
|
|
add("(");
|
|
_node.expression().accept(*this);
|
|
add(" state");
|
|
for (auto const& arg: _node.arguments())
|
|
{
|
|
add(" ");
|
|
arg->accept(*this);
|
|
}
|
|
add(")");
|
|
return false;
|
|
}
|
|
case FunctionType::Location::Bare:
|
|
{
|
|
if (!_node.arguments().empty())
|
|
{
|
|
error(_node, "Function calls with named arguments not supported.");
|
|
return true;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
add("(");
|
|
indent();
|
|
add("let amount = 0 in ");
|
|
_node.expression().accept(*this);
|
|
addLine("if amount <= this.balance then");
|
|
indent();
|
|
addLine("let balance_precall = this.balance in");
|
|
addLine("begin");
|
|
indent();
|
|
addLine("this.balance <- this.balance - amount;");
|
|
addLine("if not (external_call this) then begin this.balance = balance_precall; false end else true");
|
|
unindent();
|
|
addLine("end");
|
|
unindent();
|
|
addLine("else false");
|
|
|
|
unindent();
|
|
add(")");
|
|
return false;
|
|
}
|
|
case FunctionType::Location::SetValue:
|
|
{
|
|
add("let amount = ");
|
|
solAssert(_node.arguments().size() == 1, "");
|
|
_node.arguments()[0]->accept(*this);
|
|
add(" in ");
|
|
return false;
|
|
}
|
|
default:
|
|
error(_node, "Only internal function calls supported.");
|
|
return true;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
bool Why3Translator::visit(MemberAccess const& _node)
|
|
{
|
|
if (
|
|
_node.expression().annotation().type->category() == Type::Category::Array &&
|
|
_node.memberName() == "length" &&
|
|
!_node.annotation().lValueRequested
|
|
)
|
|
{
|
|
add("(of_int ");
|
|
_node.expression().accept(*this);
|
|
add(".length");
|
|
add(")");
|
|
}
|
|
else if (
|
|
_node.memberName() == "call" &&
|
|
*_node.expression().annotation().type == IntegerType(160, IntegerType::Modifier::Address)
|
|
)
|
|
{
|
|
// Do nothing, do not even visit the address because this will be an external call
|
|
//@TODO ensure that the expression itself does not have side-effects
|
|
return false;
|
|
}
|
|
else
|
|
error(_node, "Member access: Only call and array length supported.");
|
|
return false;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
bool Why3Translator::visit(IndexAccess const& _node)
|
|
{
|
|
auto baseType = dynamic_cast<ArrayType const*>(_node.baseExpression().annotation().type.get());
|
|
if (!baseType)
|
|
{
|
|
error(_node, "Index access only supported for arrays.");
|
|
return true;
|
|
}
|
|
if (_node.annotation().lValueRequested)
|
|
{
|
|
error(_node, "Assignment to array elements not supported.");
|
|
return true;
|
|
}
|
|
add("(");
|
|
_node.baseExpression().accept(*this);
|
|
add("[to_int ");
|
|
_node.indexExpression()->accept(*this);
|
|
add("]");
|
|
add(")");
|
|
|
|
return false;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
bool Why3Translator::visit(Identifier const& _identifier)
|
|
{
|
|
Declaration const* declaration = _identifier.annotation().referencedDeclaration;
|
|
if (FunctionDefinition const* functionDef = dynamic_cast<FunctionDefinition const*>(declaration))
|
|
add("_" + functionDef->name());
|
|
else if (auto variable = dynamic_cast<VariableDeclaration const*>(declaration))
|
|
{
|
|
bool isStateVar = isStateVariable(variable);
|
|
bool lvalue = _identifier.annotation().lValueRequested;
|
|
if (isStateVar)
|
|
add("this.storage.");
|
|
else if (!lvalue)
|
|
add("!(");
|
|
add("_" + variable->name());
|
|
if (!isStateVar && !lvalue)
|
|
add(")");
|
|
m_currentLValueIsRef = !isStateVar;
|
|
}
|
|
else
|
|
error(_identifier, "Not supported.");
|
|
return false;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
bool Why3Translator::visit(Literal const& _literal)
|
|
{
|
|
TypePointer type = _literal.annotation().type;
|
|
switch (type->category())
|
|
{
|
|
case Type::Category::Bool:
|
|
if (type->literalValue(&_literal) == 0)
|
|
add("false");
|
|
else
|
|
add("true");
|
|
break;
|
|
case Type::Category::RationalNumber:
|
|
{
|
|
auto const& constantNumber = dynamic_cast<RationalNumberType const&>(*type);
|
|
if (constantNumber.isFractional())
|
|
error(_literal, "Fractional numbers not supported.");
|
|
else
|
|
add("(of_int " + toString(type->literalValue(&_literal)) + ")");
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
default:
|
|
error(_literal, "Not supported.");
|
|
}
|
|
return false;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
bool Why3Translator::isStateVariable(VariableDeclaration const* _var) const
|
|
{
|
|
return contains(m_currentContract.stateVariables, _var);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
bool Why3Translator::isStateVariable(string const& _name) const
|
|
{
|
|
for (auto const& var: m_currentContract.stateVariables)
|
|
if (var->name() == _name)
|
|
return true;
|
|
return false;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
bool Why3Translator::isLocalVariable(VariableDeclaration const* _var) const
|
|
{
|
|
for (auto const& var: m_localVariables)
|
|
if (var.second == _var)
|
|
return true;
|
|
return false;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
bool Why3Translator::isLocalVariable(string const& _name) const
|
|
{
|
|
return m_localVariables.count(_name);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
string Why3Translator::copyOfStorage() const
|
|
{
|
|
if (m_currentContract.stateVariables.empty())
|
|
return "()";
|
|
string ret = "{";
|
|
bool first = true;
|
|
for (auto const* variable: m_currentContract.stateVariables)
|
|
{
|
|
if (first)
|
|
first = false;
|
|
else
|
|
ret += "; ";
|
|
ret += "_" + variable->name() + " = this.storage._" + variable->name();
|
|
}
|
|
return ret + "}";
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void Why3Translator::visitIndentedUnlessBlock(Statement const& _statement)
|
|
{
|
|
bool isBlock = !!dynamic_cast<Block const*>(&_statement);
|
|
if (isBlock)
|
|
newLine();
|
|
else
|
|
indent();
|
|
_statement.accept(*this);
|
|
if (isBlock)
|
|
newLine();
|
|
else
|
|
unindent();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void Why3Translator::addSourceFromDocStrings(DocumentedAnnotation const& _annotation)
|
|
{
|
|
auto why3Range = _annotation.docTags.equal_range("why3");
|
|
for (auto i = why3Range.first; i != why3Range.second; ++i)
|
|
addLine(transformVariableReferences(i->second.content));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
string Why3Translator::transformVariableReferences(string const& _annotation)
|
|
{
|
|
string ret;
|
|
auto pos = _annotation.begin();
|
|
while (true)
|
|
{
|
|
auto hash = find(pos, _annotation.end(), '#');
|
|
ret.append(pos, hash);
|
|
if (hash == _annotation.end())
|
|
break;
|
|
|
|
auto hashEnd = find_if(hash + 1, _annotation.end(), [](char _c)
|
|
{
|
|
return
|
|
(_c != '_' && _c != '$') &&
|
|
!('a' <= _c && _c <= 'z') &&
|
|
!('A' <= _c && _c <= 'Z') &&
|
|
!('0' <= _c && _c <= '9');
|
|
});
|
|
string varName(hash + 1, hashEnd);
|
|
if (isLocalVariable(varName))
|
|
ret += "(!_" + varName + ")";
|
|
else if (isStateVariable(varName))
|
|
ret += "(this.storage._" + varName + ")";
|
|
//@todo return variables
|
|
else
|
|
ret.append(hash, hashEnd);
|
|
|
|
pos = hashEnd;
|
|
}
|
|
return ret;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void Why3Translator::appendPreface()
|
|
{
|
|
m_lines.push_back(Line{R"(
|
|
module UInt256
|
|
use import mach.int.Unsigned
|
|
type uint256
|
|
constant max_uint256: int = 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
|
|
clone export mach.int.Unsigned with
|
|
type t = uint256,
|
|
constant max = max_uint256
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
module Address
|
|
use import mach.int.Unsigned
|
|
type address
|
|
constant max_address: int = 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff (* 160 bit = 40 f's *)
|
|
clone export mach.int.Unsigned with
|
|
type t = address,
|
|
constant max = max_address
|
|
end
|
|
)", 0});
|
|
}
|