/* This file is part of cpp-ethereum. cpp-ethereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. cpp-ethereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with cpp-ethereum. If not, see . */ /** * @author Christian * @date 2014 * Solidity data types */ #pragma once #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include namespace dev { namespace solidity { class Type; // forward class FunctionType; // forward using TypePointer = std::shared_ptr; using FunctionTypePointer = std::shared_ptr; using TypePointers = std::vector; /** * List of members of a type. */ class MemberList { public: using MemberMap = std::vector>; MemberList() {} explicit MemberList(MemberMap const& _members): m_memberTypes(_members) {} TypePointer getMemberType(std::string const& _name) const { for (auto const& it: m_memberTypes) if (it.first == _name) return it.second; return TypePointer(); } MemberMap::const_iterator begin() const { return m_memberTypes.begin(); } MemberMap::const_iterator end() const { return m_memberTypes.end(); } private: MemberMap m_memberTypes; }; /** * Abstract base class that forms the root of the type hierarchy. */ class Type: private boost::noncopyable, public std::enable_shared_from_this { public: enum class Category { Integer, IntegerConstant, Bool, Real, Array, FixedBytes, Contract, Struct, Function, Enum, Mapping, Void, TypeType, Modifier, Magic }; /// @{ /// @name Factory functions /// Factory functions that convert an AST @ref TypeName to a Type. static TypePointer fromElementaryTypeName(Token::Value _typeToken); static TypePointer fromElementaryTypeName(std::string const& _name); static TypePointer fromUserDefinedTypeName(UserDefinedTypeName const& _typeName); static TypePointer fromMapping(ElementaryTypeName& _keyType, TypeName& _valueType); static TypePointer fromArrayTypeName(TypeName& _baseTypeName, Expression* _length); /// @} /// Auto-detect the proper type for a literal. @returns an empty pointer if the literal does /// not fit any type. static TypePointer forLiteral(Literal const& _literal); /// @returns a pointer to _a or _b if the other is implicitly convertible to it or nullptr otherwise static TypePointer commonType(TypePointer const& _a, TypePointer const& _b); virtual Category getCategory() const = 0; virtual bool isImplicitlyConvertibleTo(Type const& _other) const { return *this == _other; } virtual bool isExplicitlyConvertibleTo(Type const& _convertTo) const { return isImplicitlyConvertibleTo(_convertTo); } /// @returns the resulting type of applying the given unary operator or an empty pointer if /// this is not possible. /// The default implementation does not allow any unary operator. virtual TypePointer unaryOperatorResult(Token::Value) const { return TypePointer(); } /// @returns the resulting type of applying the given binary operator or an empty pointer if /// this is not possible. /// The default implementation allows comparison operators if a common type exists virtual TypePointer binaryOperatorResult(Token::Value _operator, TypePointer const& _other) const { return Token::isCompareOp(_operator) ? commonType(shared_from_this(), _other) : TypePointer(); } virtual bool operator==(Type const& _other) const { return getCategory() == _other.getCategory(); } virtual bool operator!=(Type const& _other) const { return !this->operator ==(_other); } /// @returns number of bytes used by this type when encoded for CALL, or 0 if the encoding /// is not a simple big-endian encoding or the type cannot be stored in calldata. /// If @a _padded then it is assumed that each element is padded to a multiple of 32 bytes. virtual unsigned getCalldataEncodedSize(bool _padded) const { (void)_padded; return 0; } /// Convenience version of @see getCalldataEncodedSize(bool) unsigned getCalldataEncodedSize() const { return getCalldataEncodedSize(true); } /// @returns true if the type is dynamically encoded in calldata virtual bool isDynamicallySized() const { return false; } /// @returns number of bytes required to hold this value in storage. /// For dynamically "allocated" types, it returns the size of the statically allocated head, virtual u256 getStorageSize() const { return 1; } /// Returns true if the type can be stored in storage. virtual bool canBeStored() const { return true; } /// Returns false if the type cannot live outside the storage, i.e. if it includes some mapping. virtual bool canLiveOutsideStorage() const { return true; } /// Returns true if the type can be stored as a value (as opposed to a reference) on the stack, /// i.e. it behaves differently in lvalue context and in value context. virtual bool isValueType() const { return false; } virtual unsigned getSizeOnStack() const { return 1; } /// @returns the real type of some types, like e.g: IntegerConstant virtual TypePointer getRealType() const { return shared_from_this(); } /// Returns the list of all members of this type. Default implementation: no members. virtual MemberList const& getMembers() const { return EmptyMemberList; } /// Convenience method, returns the type of the given named member or an empty pointer if no such member exists. TypePointer getMemberType(std::string const& _name) const { return getMembers().getMemberType(_name); } virtual std::string toString() const = 0; virtual u256 literalValue(Literal const*) const { BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InternalCompilerError() << errinfo_comment("Literal value requested " "for type without literals.")); } protected: /// Convenience object used when returning an empty member list. static const MemberList EmptyMemberList; }; /** * Any kind of integer type (signed, unsigned, address). */ class IntegerType: public Type { public: enum class Modifier { Unsigned, Signed, Address }; virtual Category getCategory() const override { return Category::Integer; } explicit IntegerType(int _bits, Modifier _modifier = Modifier::Unsigned); virtual bool isImplicitlyConvertibleTo(Type const& _convertTo) const override; virtual bool isExplicitlyConvertibleTo(Type const& _convertTo) const override; virtual TypePointer unaryOperatorResult(Token::Value _operator) const override; virtual TypePointer binaryOperatorResult(Token::Value _operator, TypePointer const& _other) const override; virtual bool operator==(Type const& _other) const override; virtual unsigned getCalldataEncodedSize(bool _padded = true) const override { return _padded ? 32 : m_bits / 8; } virtual bool isValueType() const override { return true; } virtual MemberList const& getMembers() const { return isAddress() ? AddressMemberList : EmptyMemberList; } virtual std::string toString() const override; int getNumBits() const { return m_bits; } bool isAddress() const { return m_modifier == Modifier::Address; } bool isSigned() const { return m_modifier == Modifier::Signed; } static const MemberList AddressMemberList; private: int m_bits; Modifier m_modifier; }; /** * Integer constants either literals or computed. Example expressions: 2, 2+10, ~10. * There is one distinct type per value. */ class IntegerConstantType: public Type { public: virtual Category getCategory() const override { return Category::IntegerConstant; } explicit IntegerConstantType(Literal const& _literal); explicit IntegerConstantType(bigint _value): m_value(_value) {} virtual bool isImplicitlyConvertibleTo(Type const& _convertTo) const override; virtual bool isExplicitlyConvertibleTo(Type const& _convertTo) const override; virtual TypePointer unaryOperatorResult(Token::Value _operator) const override; virtual TypePointer binaryOperatorResult(Token::Value _operator, TypePointer const& _other) const override; virtual bool operator==(Type const& _other) const override; virtual bool canBeStored() const override { return false; } virtual bool canLiveOutsideStorage() const override { return false; } virtual unsigned getSizeOnStack() const override { return 1; } virtual std::string toString() const override; virtual u256 literalValue(Literal const* _literal) const override; virtual TypePointer getRealType() const override; /// @returns the smallest integer type that can hold the value or an empty pointer if not possible. std::shared_ptr getIntegerType() const; private: bigint m_value; }; /** * Bytes type with fixed length of up to 32 bytes. */ class FixedBytesType: public Type { public: virtual Category getCategory() const override { return Category::FixedBytes; } /// @returns the smallest bytes type for the given literal or an empty pointer /// if no type fits. static std::shared_ptr smallestTypeForLiteral(std::string const& _literal); explicit FixedBytesType(int _bytes); virtual bool isImplicitlyConvertibleTo(Type const& _convertTo) const override; virtual bool isExplicitlyConvertibleTo(Type const& _convertTo) const override; virtual bool operator==(Type const& _other) const override; virtual TypePointer unaryOperatorResult(Token::Value _operator) const override; virtual TypePointer binaryOperatorResult(Token::Value _operator, TypePointer const& _other) const override; virtual unsigned getCalldataEncodedSize(bool _padded) const override { return _padded && m_bytes > 0 ? 32 : m_bytes; } virtual bool isValueType() const override { return true; } virtual std::string toString() const override { return "bytes" + dev::toString(m_bytes); } virtual u256 literalValue(Literal const* _literal) const override; int getNumBytes() const { return m_bytes; } private: int m_bytes; }; /** * The boolean type. */ class BoolType: public Type { public: BoolType() {} virtual Category getCategory() const override { return Category::Bool; } virtual bool isExplicitlyConvertibleTo(Type const& _convertTo) const override; virtual TypePointer unaryOperatorResult(Token::Value _operator) const override; virtual TypePointer binaryOperatorResult(Token::Value _operator, TypePointer const& _other) const override; virtual unsigned getCalldataEncodedSize(bool _padded) const { return _padded ? 32 : 1; } virtual bool isValueType() const override { return true; } virtual std::string toString() const override { return "bool"; } virtual u256 literalValue(Literal const* _literal) const override; }; /** * The type of an array. The flavours are byte array (bytes), statically- ([]) * and dynamically-sized array ([]). */ class ArrayType: public Type { public: enum class Location { Storage, CallData, Memory }; virtual Category getCategory() const override { return Category::Array; } /// Constructor for a byte array ("bytes") explicit ArrayType(Location _location): m_location(_location), m_isByteArray(true), m_baseType(std::make_shared(8)) {} /// Constructor for a dynamically sized array type ("type[]") ArrayType(Location _location, const TypePointer &_baseType): m_location(_location), m_baseType(_baseType) {} /// Constructor for a fixed-size array type ("type[20]") ArrayType(Location _location, const TypePointer &_baseType, u256 const& _length): m_location(_location), m_baseType(_baseType), m_hasDynamicLength(false), m_length(_length) {} virtual bool isImplicitlyConvertibleTo(Type const& _convertTo) const override; virtual TypePointer unaryOperatorResult(Token::Value _operator) const override; virtual bool operator==(const Type& _other) const override; virtual unsigned getCalldataEncodedSize(bool _padded) const override; virtual bool isDynamicallySized() const { return m_hasDynamicLength; } virtual u256 getStorageSize() const override; virtual unsigned getSizeOnStack() const override; virtual std::string toString() const override; virtual MemberList const& getMembers() const override { return s_arrayTypeMemberList; } Location getLocation() const { return m_location; } bool isByteArray() const { return m_isByteArray; } TypePointer const& getBaseType() const { solAssert(!!m_baseType, ""); return m_baseType;} u256 const& getLength() const { return m_length; } /// @returns a copy of this type with location changed to @a _location /// @todo this might move as far up as Type later std::shared_ptr copyForLocation(Location _location) const; private: Location m_location; bool m_isByteArray = false; ///< Byte arrays ("bytes") have different semantics from ordinary arrays. TypePointer m_baseType; bool m_hasDynamicLength = true; u256 m_length; static const MemberList s_arrayTypeMemberList; }; /** * The type of a contract instance, there is one distinct type for each contract definition. */ class ContractType: public Type { public: virtual Category getCategory() const override { return Category::Contract; } explicit ContractType(ContractDefinition const& _contract, bool _super = false): m_contract(_contract), m_super(_super) {} /// Contracts can be implicitly converted to super classes and to addresses. virtual bool isImplicitlyConvertibleTo(Type const& _convertTo) const override; /// Contracts can be converted to themselves and to integers. virtual bool isExplicitlyConvertibleTo(Type const& _convertTo) const override; virtual TypePointer unaryOperatorResult(Token::Value _operator) const override; virtual bool operator==(Type const& _other) const override; virtual bool isValueType() const override { return true; } virtual std::string toString() const override; virtual MemberList const& getMembers() const override; bool isSuper() const { return m_super; } ContractDefinition const& getContractDefinition() const { return m_contract; } /// Returns the function type of the constructor. Note that the location part of the function type /// is not used, as this type cannot be the type of a variable or expression. FunctionTypePointer const& getConstructorType() const; /// @returns the identifier of the function with the given name or Invalid256 if such a name does /// not exist. u256 getFunctionIdentifier(std::string const& _functionName) const; private: ContractDefinition const& m_contract; /// If true, it is the "super" type of the current contract, i.e. it contains only inherited /// members. bool m_super; /// Type of the constructor, @see getConstructorType. Lazily initialized. mutable FunctionTypePointer m_constructorType; /// List of member types, will be lazy-initialized because of recursive references. mutable std::unique_ptr m_members; }; /** * The type of a struct instance, there is one distinct type per struct definition. */ class StructType: public Type { public: virtual Category getCategory() const override { return Category::Struct; } explicit StructType(StructDefinition const& _struct): m_struct(_struct) {} virtual TypePointer unaryOperatorResult(Token::Value _operator) const override; virtual bool operator==(Type const& _other) const override; virtual u256 getStorageSize() const override; virtual bool canLiveOutsideStorage() const override; virtual unsigned getSizeOnStack() const override { return 1; /*@todo*/ } virtual std::string toString() const override; virtual MemberList const& getMembers() const override; u256 getStorageOffsetOfMember(std::string const& _name) const; private: StructDefinition const& m_struct; /// List of member types, will be lazy-initialized because of recursive references. mutable std::unique_ptr m_members; }; /** * The type of an enum instance, there is one distinct type per enum definition. */ class EnumType: public Type { public: virtual Category getCategory() const override { return Category::Enum; } explicit EnumType(EnumDefinition const& _enum): m_enum(_enum) {} virtual TypePointer unaryOperatorResult(Token::Value _operator) const override; virtual bool operator==(Type const& _other) const override; virtual unsigned getSizeOnStack() const override { return 1; } virtual std::string toString() const override; virtual bool isValueType() const override { return true; } virtual bool isExplicitlyConvertibleTo(Type const& _convertTo) const override; EnumDefinition const& getEnumDefinition() const { return m_enum; } /// @returns the value that the string has in the Enum unsigned int getMemberValue(ASTString const& _member) const; private: EnumDefinition const& m_enum; /// List of member types, will be lazy-initialized because of recursive references. mutable std::unique_ptr m_members; }; /** * The type of a function, identified by its (return) parameter types. * @todo the return parameters should also have names, i.e. return parameters should be a struct * type. */ class FunctionType: public Type { public: /// The meaning of the value(s) on the stack referencing the function: /// INTERNAL: jump tag, EXTERNAL: contract address + function identifier, /// BARE: contract address (non-abi contract call) /// OTHERS: special virtual function, nothing on the stack /// @todo This documentation is outdated, and Location should rather be named "Type" enum class Location { Internal, External, Creation, Send, SHA3, Suicide, ECRecover, SHA256, RIPEMD160, Log0, Log1, Log2, Log3, Log4, Event, SetGas, SetValue, BlockHash, Bare }; virtual Category getCategory() const override { return Category::Function; } explicit FunctionType(FunctionDefinition const& _function, bool _isInternal = true); explicit FunctionType(VariableDeclaration const& _varDecl); explicit FunctionType(EventDefinition const& _event); FunctionType(strings const& _parameterTypes, strings const& _returnParameterTypes, Location _location = Location::Internal, bool _arbitraryParameters = false): FunctionType(parseElementaryTypeVector(_parameterTypes), parseElementaryTypeVector(_returnParameterTypes), _location, _arbitraryParameters) {} FunctionType( TypePointers const& _parameterTypes, TypePointers const& _returnParameterTypes, Location _location = Location::Internal, bool _arbitraryParameters = false, bool _gasSet = false, bool _valueSet = false ): m_parameterTypes (_parameterTypes), m_returnParameterTypes (_returnParameterTypes), m_location (_location), m_arbitraryParameters (_arbitraryParameters), m_gasSet (_gasSet), m_valueSet (_valueSet) {} TypePointers const& getParameterTypes() const { return m_parameterTypes; } std::vector const& getParameterNames() const { return m_parameterNames; } std::vector const getParameterTypeNames() const; TypePointers const& getReturnParameterTypes() const { return m_returnParameterTypes; } std::vector const& getReturnParameterNames() const { return m_returnParameterNames; } std::vector const getReturnParameterTypeNames() const; virtual bool operator==(Type const& _other) const override; virtual std::string toString() const override; virtual bool canBeStored() const override { return false; } virtual u256 getStorageSize() const override { BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InternalCompilerError() << errinfo_comment("Storage size of non-storable function type requested.")); } virtual bool canLiveOutsideStorage() const override { return false; } virtual unsigned getSizeOnStack() const override; virtual MemberList const& getMembers() const override; Location const& getLocation() const { return m_location; } /// @returns the canonical signature of this function type given the function name /// If @a _name is not provided (empty string) then the @c m_declaration member of the /// function type is used std::string getCanonicalSignature(std::string const& _name = "") const; Declaration const& getDeclaration() const { solAssert(m_declaration, "Requested declaration from a FunctionType that has none"); return *m_declaration; } bool hasDeclaration() const { return !!m_declaration; } bool isConstant() const { return m_isConstant; } /// @return A shared pointer of an ASTString. /// Can contain a nullptr in which case indicates absence of documentation ASTPointer getDocumentation() const; /// true iff arguments are to be padded to multiples of 32 bytes for external calls bool padArguments() const { return !(m_location == Location::SHA3 || m_location == Location::SHA256 || m_location == Location::RIPEMD160); } bool takesArbitraryParameters() const { return m_arbitraryParameters; } bool gasSet() const { return m_gasSet; } bool valueSet() const { return m_valueSet; } /// @returns a copy of this type, where gas or value are set manually. This will never set one /// of the parameters to fals. TypePointer copyAndSetGasOrValue(bool _setGas, bool _setValue) const; private: static TypePointers parseElementaryTypeVector(strings const& _types); TypePointers m_parameterTypes; TypePointers m_returnParameterTypes; std::vector m_parameterNames; std::vector m_returnParameterNames; Location const m_location; /// true iff the function takes an arbitrary number of arguments of arbitrary types bool const m_arbitraryParameters = false; bool const m_gasSet = false; ///< true iff the gas value to be used is on the stack bool const m_valueSet = false; ///< true iff the value to be sent is on the stack bool m_isConstant = false; mutable std::unique_ptr m_members; Declaration const* m_declaration = nullptr; }; /** * The type of a mapping, there is one distinct type per key/value type pair. */ class MappingType: public Type { public: virtual Category getCategory() const override { return Category::Mapping; } MappingType(TypePointer const& _keyType, TypePointer const& _valueType): m_keyType(_keyType), m_valueType(_valueType) {} virtual bool operator==(Type const& _other) const override; virtual std::string toString() const override; virtual bool canLiveOutsideStorage() const override { return false; } TypePointer const& getKeyType() const { return m_keyType; } TypePointer const& getValueType() const { return m_valueType; } private: TypePointer m_keyType; TypePointer m_valueType; }; /** * The void type, can only be implicitly used as the type that is returned by functions without * return parameters. */ class VoidType: public Type { public: virtual Category getCategory() const override { return Category::Void; } VoidType() {} virtual TypePointer binaryOperatorResult(Token::Value, TypePointer const&) const override { return TypePointer(); } virtual std::string toString() const override { return "void"; } virtual bool canBeStored() const override { return false; } virtual u256 getStorageSize() const override { BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InternalCompilerError() << errinfo_comment("Storage size of non-storable void type requested.")); } virtual bool canLiveOutsideStorage() const override { return false; } virtual unsigned getSizeOnStack() const override { return 0; } }; /** * The type of a type reference. The type of "uint32" when used in "a = uint32(2)" is an example * of a TypeType. */ class TypeType: public Type { public: virtual Category getCategory() const override { return Category::TypeType; } explicit TypeType(TypePointer const& _actualType, ContractDefinition const* _currentContract = nullptr): m_actualType(_actualType), m_currentContract(_currentContract) {} TypePointer const& getActualType() const { return m_actualType; } virtual TypePointer binaryOperatorResult(Token::Value, TypePointer const&) const override { return TypePointer(); } virtual bool operator==(Type const& _other) const override; virtual bool canBeStored() const override { return false; } virtual u256 getStorageSize() const override { BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InternalCompilerError() << errinfo_comment("Storage size of non-storable type type requested.")); } virtual bool canLiveOutsideStorage() const override { return false; } virtual unsigned getSizeOnStack() const override { return 0; } virtual std::string toString() const override { return "type(" + m_actualType->toString() + ")"; } virtual MemberList const& getMembers() const override; private: TypePointer m_actualType; /// Context in which this type is used (influences visibility etc.), can be nullptr. ContractDefinition const* m_currentContract; /// List of member types, will be lazy-initialized because of recursive references. mutable std::unique_ptr m_members; }; /** * The type of a function modifier. Not used for anything for now. */ class ModifierType: public Type { public: virtual Category getCategory() const override { return Category::Modifier; } explicit ModifierType(ModifierDefinition const& _modifier); virtual TypePointer binaryOperatorResult(Token::Value, TypePointer const&) const override { return TypePointer(); } virtual bool canBeStored() const override { return false; } virtual u256 getStorageSize() const override { BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InternalCompilerError() << errinfo_comment("Storage size of non-storable type type requested.")); } virtual bool canLiveOutsideStorage() const override { return false; } virtual unsigned getSizeOnStack() const override { return 0; } virtual bool operator==(Type const& _other) const override; virtual std::string toString() const override; private: TypePointers m_parameterTypes; }; /** * Special type for magic variables (block, msg, tx), similar to a struct but without any reference * (it always references a global singleton by name). */ class MagicType: public Type { public: enum class Kind { Block, Message, Transaction }; virtual Category getCategory() const override { return Category::Magic; } explicit MagicType(Kind _kind); virtual TypePointer binaryOperatorResult(Token::Value, TypePointer const&) const override { return TypePointer(); } virtual bool operator==(Type const& _other) const; virtual bool canBeStored() const override { return false; } virtual bool canLiveOutsideStorage() const override { return true; } virtual unsigned getSizeOnStack() const override { return 0; } virtual MemberList const& getMembers() const override { return m_members; } virtual std::string toString() const override; private: Kind m_kind; MemberList m_members; }; } }