SourceUnit = (PragmaDirective | ImportDirective | ContractDefinition)* // Pragma actually parses anything up to the trailing ';' to be fully forward-compatible. PragmaDirective = 'pragma' Identifier ([^;]+) ';' ImportDirective = 'import' StringLiteral ('as' Identifier)? ';' | 'import' ('*' | Identifier) ('as' Identifier)? 'from' StringLiteral ';' | 'import' '{' Identifier ('as' Identifier)? ( ',' Identifier ('as' Identifier)? )* '}' 'from' StringLiteral ';' ContractDefinition = 'abstract'? ( 'contract' | 'library' | 'interface' ) Identifier ( 'is' InheritanceSpecifier (',' InheritanceSpecifier )* )? '{' ContractPart* '}' ContractPart = StateVariableDeclaration | UsingForDeclaration | StructDefinition | ModifierDefinition | FunctionDefinition | EventDefinition | EnumDefinition InheritanceSpecifier = UserDefinedTypeName ( '(' Expression ( ',' Expression )* ')' )? StateVariableDeclaration = TypeName ( 'public' | 'internal' | 'private' | 'constant' )* Identifier ('=' Expression)? ';' UsingForDeclaration = 'using' Identifier 'for' ('*' | TypeName) ';' StructDefinition = 'struct' Identifier '{' ( VariableDeclaration ';' (VariableDeclaration ';')* ) '}' ModifierDefinition = 'modifier' Identifier ParameterList? Block ModifierInvocation = Identifier ( '(' ExpressionList? ')' )? FunctionDefinition = 'function' Identifier? ParameterList ( ModifierInvocation | StateMutability | 'external' | 'public' | 'internal' | 'private' )* ( 'returns' ParameterList )? ( ';' | Block ) EventDefinition = 'event' Identifier EventParameterList 'anonymous'? ';' EnumValue = Identifier EnumDefinition = 'enum' Identifier '{' EnumValue? (',' EnumValue)* '}' ParameterList = '(' ( Parameter (',' Parameter)* )? ')' Parameter = TypeName StorageLocation? Identifier? EventParameterList = '(' ( EventParameter (',' EventParameter )* )? ')' EventParameter = TypeName 'indexed'? Identifier? FunctionTypeParameterList = '(' ( FunctionTypeParameter (',' FunctionTypeParameter )* )? ')' FunctionTypeParameter = TypeName StorageLocation? // semantic restriction: mappings and structs (recursively) containing mappings // are not allowed in argument lists VariableDeclaration = TypeName StorageLocation? Identifier TypeName = ElementaryTypeName | UserDefinedTypeName | Mapping | ArrayTypeName | FunctionTypeName | ( 'address' 'payable' ) UserDefinedTypeName = Identifier ( '.' Identifier )* Mapping = 'mapping' '(' ElementaryTypeName '=>' TypeName ')' ArrayTypeName = TypeName '[' Expression? ']' FunctionTypeName = 'function' FunctionTypeParameterList ( 'internal' | 'external' | StateMutability )* ( 'returns' FunctionTypeParameterList )? StorageLocation = 'memory' | 'storage' | 'calldata' StateMutability = 'pure' | 'view' | 'payable' Block = '{' Statement* '}' Statement = IfStatement | TryStatement | WhileStatement | ForStatement | Block | InlineAssemblyStatement | ( DoWhileStatement | PlaceholderStatement | Continue | Break | Return | Throw | EmitStatement | SimpleStatement ) ';' ExpressionStatement = Expression IfStatement = 'if' '(' Expression ')' Statement ( 'else' Statement )? TryStatement = 'try' Expression ( 'returns' ParameterList )? Block CatchClause+ CatchClause = 'catch' Identifier? ParameterList Block WhileStatement = 'while' '(' Expression ')' Statement PlaceholderStatement = '_' SimpleStatement = VariableDefinition | ExpressionStatement ForStatement = 'for' '(' (SimpleStatement)? ';' (Expression)? ';' (ExpressionStatement)? ')' Statement InlineAssemblyStatement = 'assembly' StringLiteral? AssemblyBlock DoWhileStatement = 'do' Statement 'while' '(' Expression ')' Continue = 'continue' Break = 'break' Return = 'return' Expression? Throw = 'throw' EmitStatement = 'emit' FunctionCall VariableDefinition = (VariableDeclaration | '(' VariableDeclaration? (',' VariableDeclaration? )* ')' ) ( '=' Expression )? // Precedence by order (see github.com/ethereum/solidity/pull/732) Expression = Expression ('++' | '--') | NewExpression | IndexAccess | IndexRangeAccess | MemberAccess | FunctionCall | '(' Expression ')' | ('!' | '~' | 'delete' | '++' | '--' | '+' | '-') Expression | Expression '**' Expression | Expression ('*' | '/' | '%') Expression | Expression ('+' | '-') Expression | Expression ('<<' | '>>') Expression | Expression '&' Expression | Expression '^' Expression | Expression '|' Expression | Expression ('<' | '>' | '<=' | '>=') Expression | Expression ('==' | '!=') Expression | Expression '&&' Expression | Expression '||' Expression | Expression '?' Expression ':' Expression | Expression ('=' | '|=' | '^=' | '&=' | '<<=' | '>>=' | '+=' | '-=' | '*=' | '/=' | '%=') Expression | PrimaryExpression PrimaryExpression = BooleanLiteral | NumberLiteral | HexLiteral | StringLiteral | TupleExpression | Identifier | ElementaryTypeNameExpression ExpressionList = Expression ( ',' Expression )* NameValueList = Identifier ':' Expression ( ',' Identifier ':' Expression )* FunctionCall = Expression '(' FunctionCallArguments ')' FunctionCallArguments = '{' NameValueList? '}' | ExpressionList? NewExpression = 'new' TypeName MemberAccess = Expression '.' Identifier IndexAccess = Expression '[' Expression? ']' IndexRangeAccess = Expression '[' Expression? ':' Expression? ']' BooleanLiteral = 'true' | 'false' NumberLiteral = ( HexNumber | DecimalNumber ) (' ' NumberUnit)? NumberUnit = 'wei' | 'szabo' | 'finney' | 'ether' | 'seconds' | 'minutes' | 'hours' | 'days' | 'weeks' | 'years' HexLiteral = 'hex' ('"' ([0-9a-fA-F]{2})* '"' | '\'' ([0-9a-fA-F]{2})* '\'') StringLiteral = '"' ([^"\r\n\\] | '\\' .)* '"' Identifier = [a-zA-Z_$] [a-zA-Z_$0-9]* HexNumber = '0x' [0-9a-fA-F]+ DecimalNumber = [0-9]+ ( '.' [0-9]* )? ( [eE] [0-9]+ )? TupleExpression = '(' ( Expression? ( ',' Expression? )* )? ')' | '[' ( Expression ( ',' Expression )* )? ']' ElementaryTypeNameExpression = ElementaryTypeName ElementaryTypeName = 'address' | 'bool' | 'string' | Int | Uint | Byte | Fixed | Ufixed Int = 'int' | 'int8' | 'int16' | 'int24' | 'int32' | 'int40' | 'int48' | 'int56' | 'int64' | 'int72' | 'int80' | 'int88' | 'int96' | 'int104' | 'int112' | 'int120' | 'int128' | 'int136' | 'int144' | 'int152' | 'int160' | 'int168' | 'int176' | 'int184' | 'int192' | 'int200' | 'int208' | 'int216' | 'int224' | 'int232' | 'int240' | 'int248' | 'int256' Uint = 'uint' | 'uint8' | 'uint16' | 'uint24' | 'uint32' | 'uint40' | 'uint48' | 'uint56' | 'uint64' | 'uint72' | 'uint80' | 'uint88' | 'uint96' | 'uint104' | 'uint112' | 'uint120' | 'uint128' | 'uint136' | 'uint144' | 'uint152' | 'uint160' | 'uint168' | 'uint176' | 'uint184' | 'uint192' | 'uint200' | 'uint208' | 'uint216' | 'uint224' | 'uint232' | 'uint240' | 'uint248' | 'uint256' Byte = 'byte' | 'bytes' | 'bytes1' | 'bytes2' | 'bytes3' | 'bytes4' | 'bytes5' | 'bytes6' | 'bytes7' | 'bytes8' | 'bytes9' | 'bytes10' | 'bytes11' | 'bytes12' | 'bytes13' | 'bytes14' | 'bytes15' | 'bytes16' | 'bytes17' | 'bytes18' | 'bytes19' | 'bytes20' | 'bytes21' | 'bytes22' | 'bytes23' | 'bytes24' | 'bytes25' | 'bytes26' | 'bytes27' | 'bytes28' | 'bytes29' | 'bytes30' | 'bytes31' | 'bytes32' Fixed = 'fixed' | ( 'fixed' [0-9]+ 'x' [0-9]+ ) Ufixed = 'ufixed' | ( 'ufixed' [0-9]+ 'x' [0-9]+ ) AssemblyBlock = '{' AssemblyStatement* '}' AssemblyStatement = AssemblyBlock | AssemblyFunctionDefinition | AssemblyVariableDeclaration | AssemblyAssignment | AssemblyIf | AssemblyExpression | AssemblySwitch | AssemblyForLoop | AssemblyBreakContinue AssemblyFunctionDefinition = 'function' Identifier '(' AssemblyIdentifierList? ')' ( '->' AssemblyIdentifierList )? AssemblyBlock AssemblyVariableDeclaration = 'let' AssemblyIdentifierList ( ':=' AssemblyExpression )? AssemblyAssignment = AssemblyIdentifierList ':=' AssemblyExpression AssemblyExpression = AssemblyFunctionCall | Identifier | Literal AssemblyIf = 'if' AssemblyExpression AssemblyBlock AssemblySwitch = 'switch' AssemblyExpression ( AssemblyCase+ AssemblyDefault? | AssemblyDefault ) AssemblyCase = 'case' Literal AssemblyBlock AssemblyDefault = 'default' AssemblyBlock AssemblyForLoop = 'for' AssemblyBlock AssemblyExpression AssemblyBlock AssemblyBlock AssemblyBreakContinue = 'break' | 'continue' AssemblyFunctionCall = Identifier '(' ( AssemblyExpression ( ',' AssemblyExpression )* )? ')' AssemblyIdentifierList = Identifier ( ',' Identifier )*