This greatly improves size of the final docker image with the help of
multi-stage docker builds.
With that change, we can also make the build stage readable/maintainable
again by splitting up into multiple RUN statements as well as not
needing to clean-up temporary objects.
The dependencies have been put on top of the primary COPY statement
in order to not rebuild the dependencies each time one wants to rebuild
the docker image (for example due to code changes).
The solc compilation itself is now parallelized to the CPU core count
to speed up those builds that have more cores available on their docker
build system.
Future Notes:
-------------
We could further improve the Dockerfile by explicitely adding the
directories this docker build is interested in (such as solc source code
exclusively).
Or one may want to also use the build step for automated testing (CI)
by enforcing soltest and cmdlineTests.sh right before finalizing the image.
