Optimise simplification rules (sort into bins).

This commit is contained in:
chriseth 2017-01-06 16:16:11 +01:00
parent a3b01eca27
commit f1a4976ce6
4 changed files with 514 additions and 394 deletions

View File

@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
#include <boost/noncopyable.hpp>
#include <libevmasm/Assembly.h>
#include <libevmasm/CommonSubexpressionEliminator.h>
#include <libevmasm/SimplificationRules.h>
using namespace std;
using namespace dev;
@ -180,191 +181,6 @@ string ExpressionClasses::fullDAGToString(ExpressionClasses::Id _id) const
return str.str();
}
class Rules: public boost::noncopyable
{
public:
Rules();
void resetMatchGroups() { m_matchGroups.clear(); }
vector<pair<Pattern, function<Pattern()>>> const& rules() const { return m_rules; }
private:
using Expression = ExpressionClasses::Expression;
map<unsigned, Expression const*> m_matchGroups;
vector<pair<Pattern, function<Pattern()>>> m_rules;
};
template <class S> S divWorkaround(S const& _a, S const& _b)
{
return (S)(bigint(_a) / bigint(_b));
}
template <class S> S modWorkaround(S const& _a, S const& _b)
{
return (S)(bigint(_a) % bigint(_b));
}
Rules::Rules()
{
// Multiple occurences of one of these inside one rule must match the same equivalence class.
// Constants.
Pattern A(Push);
Pattern B(Push);
Pattern C(Push);
// Anything.
Pattern X;
Pattern Y;
Pattern Z;
A.setMatchGroup(1, m_matchGroups);
B.setMatchGroup(2, m_matchGroups);
C.setMatchGroup(3, m_matchGroups);
X.setMatchGroup(4, m_matchGroups);
Y.setMatchGroup(5, m_matchGroups);
Z.setMatchGroup(6, m_matchGroups);
m_rules = vector<pair<Pattern, function<Pattern()>>>{
// arithmetics on constants
{{Instruction::ADD, {A, B}}, [=]{ return A.d() + B.d(); }},
{{Instruction::MUL, {A, B}}, [=]{ return A.d() * B.d(); }},
{{Instruction::SUB, {A, B}}, [=]{ return A.d() - B.d(); }},
{{Instruction::DIV, {A, B}}, [=]{ return B.d() == 0 ? 0 : divWorkaround(A.d(), B.d()); }},
{{Instruction::SDIV, {A, B}}, [=]{ return B.d() == 0 ? 0 : s2u(divWorkaround(u2s(A.d()), u2s(B.d()))); }},
{{Instruction::MOD, {A, B}}, [=]{ return B.d() == 0 ? 0 : modWorkaround(A.d(), B.d()); }},
{{Instruction::SMOD, {A, B}}, [=]{ return B.d() == 0 ? 0 : s2u(modWorkaround(u2s(A.d()), u2s(B.d()))); }},
{{Instruction::EXP, {A, B}}, [=]{ return u256(boost::multiprecision::powm(bigint(A.d()), bigint(B.d()), bigint(1) << 256)); }},
{{Instruction::NOT, {A}}, [=]{ return ~A.d(); }},
{{Instruction::LT, {A, B}}, [=]() { return A.d() < B.d() ? u256(1) : 0; }},
{{Instruction::GT, {A, B}}, [=]() -> u256 { return A.d() > B.d() ? 1 : 0; }},
{{Instruction::SLT, {A, B}}, [=]() -> u256 { return u2s(A.d()) < u2s(B.d()) ? 1 : 0; }},
{{Instruction::SGT, {A, B}}, [=]() -> u256 { return u2s(A.d()) > u2s(B.d()) ? 1 : 0; }},
{{Instruction::EQ, {A, B}}, [=]() -> u256 { return A.d() == B.d() ? 1 : 0; }},
{{Instruction::ISZERO, {A}}, [=]() -> u256 { return A.d() == 0 ? 1 : 0; }},
{{Instruction::AND, {A, B}}, [=]{ return A.d() & B.d(); }},
{{Instruction::OR, {A, B}}, [=]{ return A.d() | B.d(); }},
{{Instruction::XOR, {A, B}}, [=]{ return A.d() ^ B.d(); }},
{{Instruction::BYTE, {A, B}}, [=]{ return A.d() >= 32 ? 0 : (B.d() >> unsigned(8 * (31 - A.d()))) & 0xff; }},
{{Instruction::ADDMOD, {A, B, C}}, [=]{ return C.d() == 0 ? 0 : u256((bigint(A.d()) + bigint(B.d())) % C.d()); }},
{{Instruction::MULMOD, {A, B, C}}, [=]{ return C.d() == 0 ? 0 : u256((bigint(A.d()) * bigint(B.d())) % C.d()); }},
{{Instruction::MULMOD, {A, B, C}}, [=]{ return A.d() * B.d(); }},
{{Instruction::SIGNEXTEND, {A, B}}, [=]() -> u256 {
if (A.d() >= 31)
return B.d();
unsigned testBit = unsigned(A.d()) * 8 + 7;
u256 mask = (u256(1) << testBit) - 1;
return u256(boost::multiprecision::bit_test(B.d(), testBit) ? B.d() | ~mask : B.d() & mask);
}},
// invariants involving known constants
{{Instruction::ADD, {X, 0}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::SUB, {X, 0}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::MUL, {X, 1}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::DIV, {X, 1}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::SDIV, {X, 1}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::OR, {X, 0}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::XOR, {X, 0}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::AND, {X, ~u256(0)}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::AND, {X, 0}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::MUL, {X, 0}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::DIV, {X, 0}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::DIV, {0, X}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::MOD, {X, 0}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::MOD, {0, X}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::OR, {X, ~u256(0)}}, [=]{ return ~u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::EQ, {X, 0}}, [=]() -> Pattern { return {Instruction::ISZERO, {X}}; } },
// operations involving an expression and itself
{{Instruction::AND, {X, X}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::OR, {X, X}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::XOR, {X, X}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::SUB, {X, X}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::EQ, {X, X}}, [=]{ return u256(1); }},
{{Instruction::LT, {X, X}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::SLT, {X, X}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::GT, {X, X}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::SGT, {X, X}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::MOD, {X, X}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::NOT, {{Instruction::NOT, {X}}}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::XOR, {{{X}, {Instruction::XOR, {X, Y}}}}}, [=]{ return Y; }},
{{Instruction::OR, {{{X}, {Instruction::AND, {X, Y}}}}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::AND, {{{X}, {Instruction::OR, {X, Y}}}}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::AND, {{{X}, {Instruction::NOT, {X}}}}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::OR, {{{X}, {Instruction::NOT, {X}}}}}, [=]{ return ~u256(0); }},
};
// Double negation of opcodes with binary result
for (auto const& op: vector<Instruction>{
Instruction::EQ,
Instruction::LT,
Instruction::SLT,
Instruction::GT,
Instruction::SGT
})
m_rules.push_back({
{Instruction::ISZERO, {{Instruction::ISZERO, {{op, {X, Y}}}}}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return {op, {X, Y}}; }
});
m_rules.push_back({
{Instruction::ISZERO, {{Instruction::ISZERO, {{Instruction::ISZERO, {X}}}}}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return {Instruction::ISZERO, {X}}; }
});
m_rules.push_back({
{Instruction::ISZERO, {{Instruction::XOR, {X, Y}}}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return { Instruction::EQ, {X, Y} }; }
});
// Associative operations
for (auto const& opFun: vector<pair<Instruction,function<u256(u256 const&,u256 const&)>>>{
{Instruction::ADD, plus<u256>()},
{Instruction::MUL, multiplies<u256>()},
{Instruction::AND, bit_and<u256>()},
{Instruction::OR, bit_or<u256>()},
{Instruction::XOR, bit_xor<u256>()}
})
{
auto op = opFun.first;
auto fun = opFun.second;
// Moving constants to the outside, order matters here!
// we need actions that return expressions (or patterns?) here, and we need also reversed rules
// (X+A)+B -> X+(A+B)
m_rules += vector<pair<Pattern, function<Pattern()>>>{{
{op, {{op, {X, A}}, B}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return {op, {X, fun(A.d(), B.d())}}; }
}, {
// X+(Y+A) -> (X+Y)+A
{op, {{op, {X, A}}, Y}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return {op, {{op, {X, Y}}, A}}; }
}, {
// For now, we still need explicit commutativity for the inner pattern
{op, {{op, {A, X}}, B}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return {op, {X, fun(A.d(), B.d())}}; }
}, {
{op, {{op, {A, X}}, Y}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return {op, {{op, {X, Y}}, A}}; }
}};
}
// move constants across subtractions
m_rules += vector<pair<Pattern, function<Pattern()>>>{
{
// X - A -> X + (-A)
{Instruction::SUB, {X, A}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return {Instruction::ADD, {X, 0 - A.d()}}; }
}, {
// (X + A) - Y -> (X - Y) + A
{Instruction::SUB, {{Instruction::ADD, {X, A}}, Y}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return {Instruction::ADD, {{Instruction::SUB, {X, Y}}, A}}; }
}, {
// (A + X) - Y -> (X - Y) + A
{Instruction::SUB, {{Instruction::ADD, {A, X}}, Y}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return {Instruction::ADD, {{Instruction::SUB, {X, Y}}, A}}; }
}, {
// X - (Y + A) -> (X - Y) + (-A)
{Instruction::SUB, {X, {Instruction::ADD, {Y, A}}}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return {Instruction::ADD, {{Instruction::SUB, {X, Y}}, 0 - A.d()}}; }
}, {
// X - (A + Y) -> (X - Y) + (-A)
{Instruction::SUB, {X, {Instruction::ADD, {A, Y}}}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return {Instruction::ADD, {{Instruction::SUB, {X, Y}}, 0 - A.d()}}; }
}
};
}
ExpressionClasses::Id ExpressionClasses::tryToSimplify(Expression const& _expr, bool _secondRun)
{
static Rules rules;
@ -376,21 +192,17 @@ ExpressionClasses::Id ExpressionClasses::tryToSimplify(Expression const& _expr,
)
return -1;
for (auto const& rule: rules.rules())
{
rules.resetMatchGroups();
if (rule.first.matches(_expr, *this))
if (auto match = rules.findFirstMatch(_expr, *this))
{
// Debug info
//cout << "Simplifying " << *_expr.item << "(";
//for (Id arg: _expr.arguments)
// cout << fullDAGToString(arg) << ", ";
//cout << ")" << endl;
//cout << "with rule " << rule.first.toString() << endl;
//ExpressionTemplate t(rule.second());
//cout << "to " << rule.second().toString() << endl;
return rebuildExpression(ExpressionTemplate(rule.second(), _expr.item->location()));
}
//cout << "with rule " << match->first.toString() << endl;
//ExpressionTemplate t(match->second());
//cout << "to " << match->second().toString() << endl;
return rebuildExpression(ExpressionTemplate(match->second(), _expr.item->location()));
}
if (!_secondRun && _expr.arguments.size() == 2 && SemanticInformation::isCommutativeOperation(*_expr.item))
@ -413,131 +225,3 @@ ExpressionClasses::Id ExpressionClasses::rebuildExpression(ExpressionTemplate co
arguments.push_back(rebuildExpression(t));
return find(_template.item, arguments);
}
Pattern::Pattern(Instruction _instruction, std::vector<Pattern> const& _arguments):
m_type(Operation),
m_instruction(_instruction),
m_arguments(_arguments)
{
}
void Pattern::setMatchGroup(unsigned _group, map<unsigned, Expression const*>& _matchGroups)
{
m_matchGroup = _group;
m_matchGroups = &_matchGroups;
}
bool Pattern::matches(Expression const& _expr, ExpressionClasses const& _classes) const
{
if (!matchesBaseItem(_expr.item))
return false;
if (m_matchGroup)
{
if (!m_matchGroups->count(m_matchGroup))
(*m_matchGroups)[m_matchGroup] = &_expr;
else if ((*m_matchGroups)[m_matchGroup]->id != _expr.id)
return false;
}
assertThrow(m_arguments.size() == 0 || _expr.arguments.size() == m_arguments.size(), OptimizerException, "");
for (size_t i = 0; i < m_arguments.size(); ++i)
if (!m_arguments[i].matches(_classes.representative(_expr.arguments[i]), _classes))
return false;
return true;
}
AssemblyItem Pattern::toAssemblyItem(SourceLocation const& _location) const
{
if (m_type == Operation)
return AssemblyItem(m_instruction, _location);
else
return AssemblyItem(m_type, data(), _location);
}
string Pattern::toString() const
{
stringstream s;
switch (m_type)
{
case Operation:
s << instructionInfo(m_instruction).name;
break;
case Push:
s << "PUSH " << hex << data();
break;
case UndefinedItem:
s << "ANY";
break;
default:
s << "t=" << dec << m_type << " d=" << hex << data();
break;
}
if (!m_requireDataMatch)
s << " ~";
if (m_matchGroup)
s << "[" << dec << m_matchGroup << "]";
s << "(";
for (Pattern const& p: m_arguments)
s << p.toString() << ", ";
s << ")";
return s.str();
}
bool Pattern::matchesBaseItem(AssemblyItem const* _item) const
{
if (m_type == UndefinedItem)
return true;
if (!_item)
return false;
if (m_type != _item->type())
return false;
else if (m_type == Operation)
return m_instruction == _item->instruction();
else if (m_requireDataMatch)
return data() == _item->data();
return true;
}
Pattern::Expression const& Pattern::matchGroupValue() const
{
assertThrow(m_matchGroup > 0, OptimizerException, "");
assertThrow(!!m_matchGroups, OptimizerException, "");
assertThrow((*m_matchGroups)[m_matchGroup], OptimizerException, "");
return *(*m_matchGroups)[m_matchGroup];
}
u256 const& Pattern::data() const
{
assertThrow(m_data, OptimizerException, "");
return *m_data;
}
ExpressionTemplate::ExpressionTemplate(Pattern const& _pattern, SourceLocation const& _location)
{
if (_pattern.matchGroup())
{
hasId = true;
id = _pattern.id();
}
else
{
hasId = false;
item = _pattern.toAssemblyItem(_location);
}
for (auto const& arg: _pattern.arguments())
arguments.push_back(ExpressionTemplate(arg, _location));
}
string ExpressionTemplate::toString() const
{
stringstream s;
if (hasId)
s << id;
else
s << item;
s << "(";
for (auto const& arg: arguments)
s << arg.toString();
s << ")";
return s.str();
}

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@ -121,72 +121,5 @@ private:
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<AssemblyItem>> m_spareAssemblyItems;
};
/**
* Pattern to match against an expression.
* Also stores matched expressions to retrieve them later, for constructing new expressions using
* ExpressionTemplate.
*/
class Pattern
{
public:
using Expression = ExpressionClasses::Expression;
using Id = ExpressionClasses::Id;
// Matches a specific constant value.
Pattern(unsigned _value): Pattern(u256(_value)) {}
// Matches a specific constant value.
Pattern(u256 const& _value): m_type(Push), m_requireDataMatch(true), m_data(std::make_shared<u256>(_value)) {}
// Matches a specific assembly item type or anything if not given.
Pattern(AssemblyItemType _type = UndefinedItem): m_type(_type) {}
// Matches a given instruction with given arguments
Pattern(Instruction _instruction, std::vector<Pattern> const& _arguments = {});
/// Sets this pattern to be part of the match group with the identifier @a _group.
/// Inside one rule, all patterns in the same match group have to match expressions from the
/// same expression equivalence class.
void setMatchGroup(unsigned _group, std::map<unsigned, Expression const*>& _matchGroups);
unsigned matchGroup() const { return m_matchGroup; }
bool matches(Expression const& _expr, ExpressionClasses const& _classes) const;
AssemblyItem toAssemblyItem(SourceLocation const& _location) const;
std::vector<Pattern> arguments() const { return m_arguments; }
/// @returns the id of the matched expression if this pattern is part of a match group.
Id id() const { return matchGroupValue().id; }
/// @returns the data of the matched expression if this pattern is part of a match group.
u256 const& d() const { return matchGroupValue().item->data(); }
std::string toString() const;
private:
bool matchesBaseItem(AssemblyItem const* _item) const;
Expression const& matchGroupValue() const;
u256 const& data() const;
AssemblyItemType m_type;
bool m_requireDataMatch = false;
Instruction m_instruction; ///< Only valid if m_type is Operation
std::shared_ptr<u256> m_data; ///< Only valid if m_type is not Operation
std::vector<Pattern> m_arguments;
unsigned m_matchGroup = 0;
std::map<unsigned, Expression const*>* m_matchGroups = nullptr;
};
/**
* Template for a new expression that can be built from matched patterns.
*/
struct ExpressionTemplate
{
using Expression = ExpressionClasses::Expression;
using Id = ExpressionClasses::Id;
explicit ExpressionTemplate(Pattern const& _pattern, SourceLocation const& _location);
std::string toString() const;
bool hasId = false;
/// Id of the matched expression, if available.
Id id = Id(-1);
// Otherwise, assembly item.
AssemblyItem item = UndefinedItem;
std::vector<ExpressionTemplate> arguments;
};
}
}

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@ -0,0 +1,363 @@
/*
This file is part of solidity.
solidity is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
solidity is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with solidity. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
/**
* @file ExpressionClasses.cpp
* @author Christian <c@ethdev.com>
* @date 2015
* Container for equivalence classes of expressions for use in common subexpression elimination.
*/
#include <libevmasm/ExpressionClasses.h>
#include <utility>
#include <tuple>
#include <functional>
#include <boost/range/adaptor/reversed.hpp>
#include <boost/noncopyable.hpp>
#include <libevmasm/Assembly.h>
#include <libevmasm/CommonSubexpressionEliminator.h>
#include <libevmasm/SimplificationRules.h>
using namespace std;
using namespace dev;
using namespace dev::eth;
pair<Pattern, function<Pattern()> > const* Rules::findFirstMatch(
Expression const& _expr,
ExpressionClasses const& _classes
)
{
resetMatchGroups();
assertThrow(_expr.item, OptimizerException, "");
for (auto const& rule: m_rules[byte(_expr.item->instruction())])
{
if (rule.first.matches(_expr, _classes))
return &rule;
}
return nullptr;
}
void Rules::addRules(std::vector<std::pair<Pattern, std::function<Pattern ()> > > const& _rules)
{
for (auto const& r: _rules)
addRule(r);
}
void Rules::addRule(std::pair<Pattern, std::function<Pattern()> > const& _rule)
{
m_rules[byte(_rule.first.instruction())].push_back(_rule);
}
template <class S> S divWorkaround(S const& _a, S const& _b)
{
return (S)(bigint(_a) / bigint(_b));
}
template <class S> S modWorkaround(S const& _a, S const& _b)
{
return (S)(bigint(_a) % bigint(_b));
}
Rules::Rules()
{
// Multiple occurences of one of these inside one rule must match the same equivalence class.
// Constants.
Pattern A(Push);
Pattern B(Push);
Pattern C(Push);
// Anything.
Pattern X;
Pattern Y;
Pattern Z;
A.setMatchGroup(1, m_matchGroups);
B.setMatchGroup(2, m_matchGroups);
C.setMatchGroup(3, m_matchGroups);
X.setMatchGroup(4, m_matchGroups);
Y.setMatchGroup(5, m_matchGroups);
Z.setMatchGroup(6, m_matchGroups);
addRules(vector<pair<Pattern, function<Pattern()>>>{
// arithmetics on constants
{{Instruction::ADD, {A, B}}, [=]{ return A.d() + B.d(); }},
{{Instruction::MUL, {A, B}}, [=]{ return A.d() * B.d(); }},
{{Instruction::SUB, {A, B}}, [=]{ return A.d() - B.d(); }},
{{Instruction::DIV, {A, B}}, [=]{ return B.d() == 0 ? 0 : divWorkaround(A.d(), B.d()); }},
{{Instruction::SDIV, {A, B}}, [=]{ return B.d() == 0 ? 0 : s2u(divWorkaround(u2s(A.d()), u2s(B.d()))); }},
{{Instruction::MOD, {A, B}}, [=]{ return B.d() == 0 ? 0 : modWorkaround(A.d(), B.d()); }},
{{Instruction::SMOD, {A, B}}, [=]{ return B.d() == 0 ? 0 : s2u(modWorkaround(u2s(A.d()), u2s(B.d()))); }},
{{Instruction::EXP, {A, B}}, [=]{ return u256(boost::multiprecision::powm(bigint(A.d()), bigint(B.d()), bigint(1) << 256)); }},
{{Instruction::NOT, {A}}, [=]{ return ~A.d(); }},
{{Instruction::LT, {A, B}}, [=]() { return A.d() < B.d() ? u256(1) : 0; }},
{{Instruction::GT, {A, B}}, [=]() -> u256 { return A.d() > B.d() ? 1 : 0; }},
{{Instruction::SLT, {A, B}}, [=]() -> u256 { return u2s(A.d()) < u2s(B.d()) ? 1 : 0; }},
{{Instruction::SGT, {A, B}}, [=]() -> u256 { return u2s(A.d()) > u2s(B.d()) ? 1 : 0; }},
{{Instruction::EQ, {A, B}}, [=]() -> u256 { return A.d() == B.d() ? 1 : 0; }},
{{Instruction::ISZERO, {A}}, [=]() -> u256 { return A.d() == 0 ? 1 : 0; }},
{{Instruction::AND, {A, B}}, [=]{ return A.d() & B.d(); }},
{{Instruction::OR, {A, B}}, [=]{ return A.d() | B.d(); }},
{{Instruction::XOR, {A, B}}, [=]{ return A.d() ^ B.d(); }},
{{Instruction::BYTE, {A, B}}, [=]{ return A.d() >= 32 ? 0 : (B.d() >> unsigned(8 * (31 - A.d()))) & 0xff; }},
{{Instruction::ADDMOD, {A, B, C}}, [=]{ return C.d() == 0 ? 0 : u256((bigint(A.d()) + bigint(B.d())) % C.d()); }},
{{Instruction::MULMOD, {A, B, C}}, [=]{ return C.d() == 0 ? 0 : u256((bigint(A.d()) * bigint(B.d())) % C.d()); }},
{{Instruction::MULMOD, {A, B, C}}, [=]{ return A.d() * B.d(); }},
{{Instruction::SIGNEXTEND, {A, B}}, [=]() -> u256 {
if (A.d() >= 31)
return B.d();
unsigned testBit = unsigned(A.d()) * 8 + 7;
u256 mask = (u256(1) << testBit) - 1;
return u256(boost::multiprecision::bit_test(B.d(), testBit) ? B.d() | ~mask : B.d() & mask);
}},
// invariants involving known constants
{{Instruction::ADD, {X, 0}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::SUB, {X, 0}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::MUL, {X, 1}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::DIV, {X, 1}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::SDIV, {X, 1}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::OR, {X, 0}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::XOR, {X, 0}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::AND, {X, ~u256(0)}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::AND, {X, 0}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::MUL, {X, 0}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::DIV, {X, 0}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::DIV, {0, X}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::MOD, {X, 0}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::MOD, {0, X}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::OR, {X, ~u256(0)}}, [=]{ return ~u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::EQ, {X, 0}}, [=]() -> Pattern { return {Instruction::ISZERO, {X}}; } },
// operations involving an expression and itself
{{Instruction::AND, {X, X}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::OR, {X, X}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::XOR, {X, X}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::SUB, {X, X}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::EQ, {X, X}}, [=]{ return u256(1); }},
{{Instruction::LT, {X, X}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::SLT, {X, X}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::GT, {X, X}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::SGT, {X, X}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::MOD, {X, X}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::NOT, {{Instruction::NOT, {X}}}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::XOR, {{{X}, {Instruction::XOR, {X, Y}}}}}, [=]{ return Y; }},
{{Instruction::OR, {{{X}, {Instruction::AND, {X, Y}}}}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::AND, {{{X}, {Instruction::OR, {X, Y}}}}}, [=]{ return X; }},
{{Instruction::AND, {{{X}, {Instruction::NOT, {X}}}}}, [=]{ return u256(0); }},
{{Instruction::OR, {{{X}, {Instruction::NOT, {X}}}}}, [=]{ return ~u256(0); }},
});
// Double negation of opcodes with binary result
for (auto const& op: vector<Instruction>{
Instruction::EQ,
Instruction::LT,
Instruction::SLT,
Instruction::GT,
Instruction::SGT
})
addRule({
{Instruction::ISZERO, {{Instruction::ISZERO, {{op, {X, Y}}}}}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return {op, {X, Y}}; }
});
addRule({
{Instruction::ISZERO, {{Instruction::ISZERO, {{Instruction::ISZERO, {X}}}}}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return {Instruction::ISZERO, {X}}; }
});
addRule({
{Instruction::ISZERO, {{Instruction::XOR, {X, Y}}}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return { Instruction::EQ, {X, Y} }; }
});
// Associative operations
for (auto const& opFun: vector<pair<Instruction,function<u256(u256 const&,u256 const&)>>>{
{Instruction::ADD, plus<u256>()},
{Instruction::MUL, multiplies<u256>()},
{Instruction::AND, bit_and<u256>()},
{Instruction::OR, bit_or<u256>()},
{Instruction::XOR, bit_xor<u256>()}
})
{
auto op = opFun.first;
auto fun = opFun.second;
// Moving constants to the outside, order matters here!
// we need actions that return expressions (or patterns?) here, and we need also reversed rules
// (X+A)+B -> X+(A+B)
addRules(vector<pair<Pattern, function<Pattern()>>>{{
{op, {{op, {X, A}}, B}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return {op, {X, fun(A.d(), B.d())}}; }
}, {
// X+(Y+A) -> (X+Y)+A
{op, {{op, {X, A}}, Y}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return {op, {{op, {X, Y}}, A}}; }
}, {
// For now, we still need explicit commutativity for the inner pattern
{op, {{op, {A, X}}, B}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return {op, {X, fun(A.d(), B.d())}}; }
}, {
{op, {{op, {A, X}}, Y}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return {op, {{op, {X, Y}}, A}}; }
}});
}
// move constants across subtractions
addRules(vector<pair<Pattern, function<Pattern()>>>{
{
// X - A -> X + (-A)
{Instruction::SUB, {X, A}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return {Instruction::ADD, {X, 0 - A.d()}}; }
}, {
// (X + A) - Y -> (X - Y) + A
{Instruction::SUB, {{Instruction::ADD, {X, A}}, Y}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return {Instruction::ADD, {{Instruction::SUB, {X, Y}}, A}}; }
}, {
// (A + X) - Y -> (X - Y) + A
{Instruction::SUB, {{Instruction::ADD, {A, X}}, Y}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return {Instruction::ADD, {{Instruction::SUB, {X, Y}}, A}}; }
}, {
// X - (Y + A) -> (X - Y) + (-A)
{Instruction::SUB, {X, {Instruction::ADD, {Y, A}}}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return {Instruction::ADD, {{Instruction::SUB, {X, Y}}, 0 - A.d()}}; }
}, {
// X - (A + Y) -> (X - Y) + (-A)
{Instruction::SUB, {X, {Instruction::ADD, {A, Y}}}},
[=]() -> Pattern { return {Instruction::ADD, {{Instruction::SUB, {X, Y}}, 0 - A.d()}}; }
}
});
}
Pattern::Pattern(Instruction _instruction, std::vector<Pattern> const& _arguments):
m_type(Operation),
m_instruction(_instruction),
m_arguments(_arguments)
{
}
void Pattern::setMatchGroup(unsigned _group, map<unsigned, Expression const*>& _matchGroups)
{
m_matchGroup = _group;
m_matchGroups = &_matchGroups;
}
bool Pattern::matches(Expression const& _expr, ExpressionClasses const& _classes) const
{
if (!matchesBaseItem(_expr.item))
return false;
if (m_matchGroup)
{
if (!m_matchGroups->count(m_matchGroup))
(*m_matchGroups)[m_matchGroup] = &_expr;
else if ((*m_matchGroups)[m_matchGroup]->id != _expr.id)
return false;
}
assertThrow(m_arguments.size() == 0 || _expr.arguments.size() == m_arguments.size(), OptimizerException, "");
for (size_t i = 0; i < m_arguments.size(); ++i)
if (!m_arguments[i].matches(_classes.representative(_expr.arguments[i]), _classes))
return false;
return true;
}
AssemblyItem Pattern::toAssemblyItem(SourceLocation const& _location) const
{
if (m_type == Operation)
return AssemblyItem(m_instruction, _location);
else
return AssemblyItem(m_type, data(), _location);
}
string Pattern::toString() const
{
stringstream s;
switch (m_type)
{
case Operation:
s << instructionInfo(m_instruction).name;
break;
case Push:
s << "PUSH " << hex << data();
break;
case UndefinedItem:
s << "ANY";
break;
default:
s << "t=" << dec << m_type << " d=" << hex << data();
break;
}
if (!m_requireDataMatch)
s << " ~";
if (m_matchGroup)
s << "[" << dec << m_matchGroup << "]";
s << "(";
for (Pattern const& p: m_arguments)
s << p.toString() << ", ";
s << ")";
return s.str();
}
bool Pattern::matchesBaseItem(AssemblyItem const* _item) const
{
if (m_type == UndefinedItem)
return true;
if (!_item)
return false;
if (m_type != _item->type())
return false;
else if (m_type == Operation)
return m_instruction == _item->instruction();
else if (m_requireDataMatch)
return data() == _item->data();
return true;
}
Pattern::Expression const& Pattern::matchGroupValue() const
{
assertThrow(m_matchGroup > 0, OptimizerException, "");
assertThrow(!!m_matchGroups, OptimizerException, "");
assertThrow((*m_matchGroups)[m_matchGroup], OptimizerException, "");
return *(*m_matchGroups)[m_matchGroup];
}
u256 const& Pattern::data() const
{
assertThrow(m_data, OptimizerException, "");
return *m_data;
}
ExpressionTemplate::ExpressionTemplate(Pattern const& _pattern, SourceLocation const& _location)
{
if (_pattern.matchGroup())
{
hasId = true;
id = _pattern.id();
}
else
{
hasId = false;
item = _pattern.toAssemblyItem(_location);
}
for (auto const& arg: _pattern.arguments())
arguments.push_back(ExpressionTemplate(arg, _location));
}
string ExpressionTemplate::toString() const
{
stringstream s;
if (hasId)
s << id;
else
s << item;
s << "(";
for (auto const& arg: arguments)
s << arg.toString();
s << ")";
return s.str();
}

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@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
/*
This file is part of solidity.
solidity is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
solidity is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with solidity. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
/**
* @file SimplificationRules
* @author Christian <chris@ethereum.org>
* @date 2017
* Module for applying replacement rules against Expressions.
*/
#pragma once
#include <libevmasm/ExpressionClasses.h>
#include <functional>
#include <vector>
namespace dev
{
namespace eth
{
class Pattern;
/**
* Container for all simplification rules.
*/
class Rules: public boost::noncopyable
{
public:
using Expression = ExpressionClasses::Expression;
Rules();
/// @returns a pointer to the first matching pattern and sets the match
/// groups accordingly.
std::pair<Pattern, std::function<Pattern()>> const* findFirstMatch(
Expression const& _expr,
ExpressionClasses const& _classes
);
private:
void addRules(std::vector<std::pair<Pattern, std::function<Pattern()>>> const& _rules);
void addRule(std::pair<Pattern, std::function<Pattern()>> const& _rule);
void resetMatchGroups() { m_matchGroups.clear(); }
std::map<unsigned, Expression const*> m_matchGroups;
std::vector<std::pair<Pattern, std::function<Pattern()>>> m_rules[256];
};
/**
* Pattern to match against an expression.
* Also stores matched expressions to retrieve them later, for constructing new expressions using
* ExpressionTemplate.
*/
class Pattern
{
public:
using Expression = ExpressionClasses::Expression;
using Id = ExpressionClasses::Id;
// Matches a specific constant value.
Pattern(unsigned _value): Pattern(u256(_value)) {}
// Matches a specific constant value.
Pattern(u256 const& _value): m_type(Push), m_requireDataMatch(true), m_data(std::make_shared<u256>(_value)) {}
// Matches a specific assembly item type or anything if not given.
Pattern(AssemblyItemType _type = UndefinedItem): m_type(_type) {}
// Matches a given instruction with given arguments
Pattern(Instruction _instruction, std::vector<Pattern> const& _arguments = {});
/// Sets this pattern to be part of the match group with the identifier @a _group.
/// Inside one rule, all patterns in the same match group have to match expressions from the
/// same expression equivalence class.
void setMatchGroup(unsigned _group, std::map<unsigned, Expression const*>& _matchGroups);
unsigned matchGroup() const { return m_matchGroup; }
bool matches(Expression const& _expr, ExpressionClasses const& _classes) const;
AssemblyItem toAssemblyItem(SourceLocation const& _location) const;
std::vector<Pattern> arguments() const { return m_arguments; }
/// @returns the id of the matched expression if this pattern is part of a match group.
Id id() const { return matchGroupValue().id; }
/// @returns the data of the matched expression if this pattern is part of a match group.
u256 const& d() const { return matchGroupValue().item->data(); }
std::string toString() const;
AssemblyItemType type() const { return m_type; }
Instruction instruction() const
{
assertThrow(type() == Operation, OptimizerException, "");
return m_instruction;
}
private:
bool matchesBaseItem(AssemblyItem const* _item) const;
Expression const& matchGroupValue() const;
u256 const& data() const;
AssemblyItemType m_type;
bool m_requireDataMatch = false;
Instruction m_instruction; ///< Only valid if m_type is Operation
std::shared_ptr<u256> m_data; ///< Only valid if m_type is not Operation
std::vector<Pattern> m_arguments;
unsigned m_matchGroup = 0;
std::map<unsigned, Expression const*>* m_matchGroups = nullptr;
};
/**
* Template for a new expression that can be built from matched patterns.
*/
struct ExpressionTemplate
{
using Expression = ExpressionClasses::Expression;
using Id = ExpressionClasses::Id;
explicit ExpressionTemplate(Pattern const& _pattern, SourceLocation const& _location);
std::string toString() const;
bool hasId = false;
/// Id of the matched expression, if available.
Id id = Id(-1);
// Otherwise, assembly item.
AssemblyItem item = UndefinedItem;
std::vector<ExpressionTemplate> arguments;
};
}
}