Merge pull request #13741 from ethereum/consistent-bound-function-terminology

Consistent terminology for attached/bound functions

ReviewChecklist.md

@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ The following points are all covered by the coding style but come up so often th
         Values of types that cannot be named: literals, tuples, array slices, storage references?
     - [ ] If it accepts a function, does it also accept an event or an error? These have function types but are not functions.
     - [ ] If it affects free functions, what about internal library functions?
-    - [ ] Bound library functions? Functions bound with `using for`?
+    - [ ] Attached library functions? Functions attached with `using for`?
     - [ ] Possible combinations of `storage`, `memory`, `calldata`, `immutable`, `constant`?
         Remember that internal functions can take `storage` arguments.
     - [ ] Does it work at construction time as well? What if you store it at construction time and read after deployment?

docs/contracts/using-for.rst

@@ -16,23 +16,24 @@ at contract level.
 
 The first part, ``A``, can be one of:
 
-- a list of file-level or library functions (``using {f, g, h, L.t} for uint;``) -
-  only those functions will be attached to the type.
-- the name of a library (``using L for uint;``) -
-  all functions (both public and internal ones) of the library are attached to the type
+- A list of file-level or library functions (e.g. ``using {f, g, h, L.t} for uint;``) -
+  only those functions will be attached to the type as member functions.
+  Note that private library functions can only be specified when ``using for`` is inside the library.
+- The name of a library (e.g. ``using L for uint;``) -
+  all non-private functions of the library are attached to the type.
 
 At file level, the second part, ``B``, has to be an explicit type (without data location specifier).
-Inside contracts, you can also use ``using L for *;``,
+Inside contracts, you can also use ``*`` in place of the type (e.g. ``using L for *;``),
 which has the effect that all functions of the library ``L``
 are attached to *all* types.
 
-If you specify a library, *all* functions in the library are attached,
+If you specify a library, *all* functions in the library get attached,
 even those where the type of the first parameter does not
 match the type of the object. The type is checked at the
 point the function is called and function overload
 resolution is performed.
 
-If you use a list of functions (``using {f, g, h, L.t} for uint;``),
+If you use a list of functions (e.g. ``using {f, g, h, L.t} for uint;``),
 then the type (``uint``) has to be implicitly convertible to the
 first parameter of each of these functions. This check is
 performed even if none of these functions are called.

docs/grammar/SolidityParser.g4

@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ errorDefinition:
 	Semicolon;
 
 /**
- * Using directive to bind library functions and free functions to types.
+ * Using directive to attach library functions and free functions to types.
  * Can occur within contracts and libraries and at the file level.
  */
 usingDirective: Using (identifierPath | (LBrace identifierPath (Comma identifierPath)* RBrace)) For (Mul | typeName) Global? Semicolon;

docs/types/value-types.rst

@@ -664,7 +664,7 @@ introduced type and ``V`` has to be a built-in value type (the "underlying type"
 ``C.wrap`` is used to convert from the underlying type to the custom type. Similarly, the
 function ``C.unwrap`` is used to convert from the custom type to the underlying type.
 
-The type ``C`` does not have any operators or bound member functions. In particular, even the
+The type ``C`` does not have any operators or attached member functions. In particular, even the
 operator ``==`` is not defined. Explicit and implicit conversions to and from other types are
 disallowed.
 

libsolidity/analysis/DeclarationTypeChecker.cpp

@@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ bool DeclarationTypeChecker::visit(UsingForDirective const& _usingFor)
 					m_errorReporter.typeError(
 						4167_error,
 						function->location(),
-						"Only file-level functions and library functions can be bound to a type in a \"using\" statement"
+						"Only file-level functions and library functions can be attached to a type in a \"using\" statement"
 					);
 			}
 			else

libsolidity/analysis/SyntaxChecker.cpp

@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ bool SyntaxChecker::visit(UsingForDirective const& _usingFor)
 		m_errorReporter.syntaxError(
 			2854_error,
 			_usingFor.location(),
-			"Can only globally bind functions to specific types."
+			"Can only globally attach functions to specific types."
 		);
 	if (_usingFor.global() && m_currentContractKind)
 		m_errorReporter.syntaxError(

libsolidity/analysis/TypeChecker.cpp

@@ -3167,7 +3167,7 @@ bool TypeChecker::visit(MemberAccess const& _memberAccess)
 	if (auto funType = dynamic_cast<FunctionType const*>(annotation.type))
 	{
 		solAssert(
-			!funType->bound() || exprType->isImplicitlyConvertibleTo(*funType->selfType()),
+			!funType->hasBoundFirstArgument() || exprType->isImplicitlyConvertibleTo(*funType->selfType()),
 			"Function \"" + memberName + "\" cannot be called on an object of type " +
 			exprType->humanReadableName() + " (expected " + funType->selfType()->humanReadableName() + ")."
 		);
@@ -3194,7 +3194,7 @@ bool TypeChecker::visit(MemberAccess const& _memberAccess)
 				"Storage arrays with nested mappings do not support .push(<arg>)."
 			);
 
-		if (!funType->bound())
+		if (!funType->hasBoundFirstArgument())
 			if (auto typeType = dynamic_cast<TypeType const*>(exprType))
 			{
 				auto contractType = dynamic_cast<ContractType const*>(typeType->actualType());
@@ -3810,13 +3810,13 @@ void TypeChecker::endVisit(UsingForDirective const& _usingFor)
 				4731_error,
 				path->location(),
 				fmt::format(
-					"The function \"{}\" does not have any parameters, and therefore cannot be bound to the type \"{}\".",
+					"The function \"{}\" does not have any parameters, and therefore cannot be attached to the type \"{}\".",
 					joinHumanReadable(path->path(), "."),
 					normalizedType ? normalizedType->toString(true /* withoutDataLocation */) : "*"
 				)
 			);
 
-		FunctionType const* functionType = dynamic_cast<FunctionType const&>(*functionDefinition.type()).asBoundFunction();
+		FunctionType const* functionType = dynamic_cast<FunctionType const&>(*functionDefinition.type()).withBoundFirstArgument();
 		solAssert(functionType && functionType->selfType(), "");
 		BoolResult result = normalizedType->isImplicitlyConvertibleTo(
 			*TypeProvider::withLocationIfReference(DataLocation::Storage, functionType->selfType())
@@ -3826,7 +3826,7 @@ void TypeChecker::endVisit(UsingForDirective const& _usingFor)
 				3100_error,
 				path->location(),
 				fmt::format(
-					"The function \"{}\" cannot be bound to the type \"{}\" because the type cannot "
+					"The function \"{}\" cannot be attached to the type \"{}\" because the type cannot "
 					"be implicitly converted to the first argument of the function (\"{}\"){}",
 					joinHumanReadable(path->path(), "."),
 					usingForType->toString(true /* withoutDataLocation */),

libsolidity/ast/AST.h

@@ -644,10 +644,9 @@ private:
 /**
  * Using for directive:
  *
- * 1. `using LibraryName for T` attaches all functions from the library `LibraryName` to the type `T`
+ * 1. `using LibraryName for T` attaches all functions from the library `LibraryName` to the type `T`.
  * 2. `using LibraryName for *` attaches to all types.
- * 3. `using {f1, f2, ..., fn} for T` attaches the functions `f1`, `f2`, ...,
- *     `fn`, respectively to `T`.
+ * 3. `using {f1, f2, ..., fn} for T` attaches the functions `f1`, `f2`, ..., `fn`, respectively to `T`.
  *
  * For version 3, T has to be implicitly convertible to the first parameter type of
  * all functions, and this is checked at the point of the using statement. For versions 1 and

libsolidity/ast/TypeProvider.cpp

@@ -450,7 +450,7 @@ FunctionType const* TypeProvider::function(
 )
 {
 	// Can only use this constructor for "arbitraryParameters".
-	solAssert(!_options.valueSet && !_options.gasSet && !_options.saltSet && !_options.bound);
+	solAssert(!_options.valueSet && !_options.gasSet && !_options.saltSet && !_options.hasBoundFirstArgument);
 	return createAndGet<FunctionType>(
 		_parameterTypes,
 		_returnParameterTypes,

libsolidity/ast/Types.cpp

@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ MemberList const& Type::members(ASTNode const* _currentScope) const
 		"");
 		MemberList::MemberMap members = nativeMembers(_currentScope);
 		if (_currentScope)
-			members += boundFunctions(*this, *_currentScope);
+			members += attachedFunctions(*this, *_currentScope);
 		m_members[_currentScope] = make_unique<MemberList>(std::move(members));
 	}
 	return *m_members[_currentScope];
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ vector<UsingForDirective const*> usingForDirectivesForType(Type const& _type, AS
 
 }
 
-MemberList::MemberMap Type::boundFunctions(Type const& _type, ASTNode const& _scope)
+MemberList::MemberMap Type::attachedFunctions(Type const& _type, ASTNode const& _scope)
 {
 	MemberList::MemberMap members;
 
@@ -395,13 +395,13 @@ MemberList::MemberMap Type::boundFunctions(Type const& _type, ASTNode const& _sc
 		Type const* functionType =
 			_function.libraryFunction() ? _function.typeViaContractName() : _function.type();
 		solAssert(functionType, "");
-		FunctionType const* asBoundFunction =
-			dynamic_cast<FunctionType const&>(*functionType).asBoundFunction();
-		solAssert(asBoundFunction, "");
+		FunctionType const* withBoundFirstArgument =
+			dynamic_cast<FunctionType const&>(*functionType).withBoundFirstArgument();
+		solAssert(withBoundFirstArgument, "");
 
-		if (_type.isImplicitlyConvertibleTo(*asBoundFunction->selfType()))
+		if (_type.isImplicitlyConvertibleTo(*withBoundFirstArgument->selfType()))
 			if (seenFunctions.insert(make_pair(*_name, &_function)).second)
-				members.emplace_back(&_function, asBoundFunction, *_name);
+				members.emplace_back(&_function, withBoundFirstArgument, *_name);
 	};
 
 	for (UsingForDirective const* ufd: usingForDirectivesForType(_type, _scope))
@@ -1879,21 +1879,21 @@ MemberList::MemberMap ArrayType::nativeMembers(ASTNode const*) const
 				strings{string()},
 				strings{string()},
 				FunctionType::Kind::ArrayPush
-			)->asBoundFunction());
+			)->withBoundFirstArgument());
 			members.emplace_back("push", TypeProvider::function(
 				TypePointers{thisAsPointer, baseType()},
 				TypePointers{},
 				strings{string(),string()},
 				strings{},
 				FunctionType::Kind::ArrayPush
-			)->asBoundFunction());
+			)->withBoundFirstArgument());
 			members.emplace_back("pop", TypeProvider::function(
 				TypePointers{thisAsPointer},
 				TypePointers{},
 				strings{string()},
 				strings{},
 				FunctionType::Kind::ArrayPop
-			)->asBoundFunction());
+			)->withBoundFirstArgument());
 		}
 	}
 	return members;
@@ -2952,7 +2952,7 @@ FunctionTypePointer FunctionType::newExpressionType(ContractDefinition const& _c
 
 vector<string> FunctionType::parameterNames() const
 {
-	if (!bound())
+	if (!hasBoundFirstArgument())
 		return m_parameterNames;
 	return vector<string>(m_parameterNames.cbegin() + 1, m_parameterNames.cend());
 }
@@ -2981,7 +2981,7 @@ TypePointers FunctionType::returnParameterTypesWithoutDynamicTypes() const
 
 TypePointers FunctionType::parameterTypes() const
 {
-	if (!bound())
+	if (!hasBoundFirstArgument())
 		return m_parameterTypes;
 	return TypePointers(m_parameterTypes.cbegin() + 1, m_parameterTypes.cend());
 }
@@ -3046,8 +3046,8 @@ string FunctionType::richIdentifier() const
 		id += "value";
 	if (saltSet())
 		id += "salt";
-	if (bound())
-		id += "bound_to" + identifierList(selfType());
+	if (hasBoundFirstArgument())
+		id += "attached_to" + identifierList(selfType());
 	return id;
 }
 
@@ -3081,11 +3081,11 @@ BoolResult FunctionType::isImplicitlyConvertibleTo(Type const& _convertTo) const
 	FunctionType const& convertTo = dynamic_cast<FunctionType const&>(_convertTo);
 
 	// These two checks are duplicated in equalExcludingStateMutability, but are added here for error reporting.
-	if (convertTo.bound() != bound())
-		return BoolResult::err("Bound functions can not be converted to non-bound functions.");
+	if (convertTo.hasBoundFirstArgument() != hasBoundFirstArgument())
+		return BoolResult::err("Attached functions cannot be converted into unattached functions.");
 
 	if (convertTo.kind() != kind())
-		return BoolResult::err("Special functions can not be converted to function types.");
+		return BoolResult::err("Special functions cannot be converted to function types.");
 
 	if (!equalExcludingStateMutability(convertTo))
 		return false;
@@ -3122,10 +3122,10 @@ TypeResult FunctionType::binaryOperatorResult(Token _operator, Type const* _othe
 	else if (
 		kind() == Kind::External &&
 		sizeOnStack() == 2 &&
-		!bound() &&
+		!hasBoundFirstArgument() &&
 		other.kind() == Kind::External &&
 		other.sizeOnStack() == 2 &&
-		!other.bound()
+		!other.hasBoundFirstArgument()
 	)
 		return commonType(this, _other);
 
@@ -3210,7 +3210,7 @@ bool FunctionType::nameable() const
 {
 	return
 		(m_kind == Kind::Internal || m_kind == Kind::External) &&
-		!bound() &&
+		!hasBoundFirstArgument() &&
 		!takesArbitraryParameters() &&
 		!gasSet() &&
 		!valueSet() &&
@@ -3249,7 +3249,7 @@ vector<tuple<string, Type const*>> FunctionType::makeStackItems() const
 		break;
 	case Kind::ArrayPush:
 	case Kind::ArrayPop:
-		solAssert(bound(), "");
+		solAssert(hasBoundFirstArgument(), "");
 		slots = {};
 		break;
 	default:
@@ -3262,7 +3262,7 @@ vector<tuple<string, Type const*>> FunctionType::makeStackItems() const
 		slots.emplace_back("value", TypeProvider::uint256());
 	if (saltSet())
 		slots.emplace_back("salt", TypeProvider::fixedBytes(32));
-	if (bound())
+	if (hasBoundFirstArgument())
 		slots.emplace_back("self", m_parameterTypes.front());
 	return slots;
 }
@@ -3423,7 +3423,7 @@ TypeResult FunctionType::interfaceType(bool /*_inLibrary*/) const
 
 Type const* FunctionType::mobileType() const
 {
-	if (valueSet() || gasSet() || saltSet() || bound())
+	if (valueSet() || gasSet() || saltSet() || hasBoundFirstArgument())
 		return nullptr;
 
 	// return function without parameter names
@@ -3444,8 +3444,8 @@ bool FunctionType::canTakeArguments(
 	Type const* _selfType
 ) const
 {
-	solAssert(!bound() || _selfType, "");
-	if (bound() && !_selfType->isImplicitlyConvertibleTo(*selfType()))
+	solAssert(!hasBoundFirstArgument() || _selfType, "");
+	if (hasBoundFirstArgument() && !_selfType->isImplicitlyConvertibleTo(*selfType()))
 		return false;
 	TypePointers paramTypes = parameterTypes();
 	std::vector<std::string> const paramNames = parameterNames();
@@ -3524,10 +3524,10 @@ bool FunctionType::equalExcludingStateMutability(FunctionType const& _other) con
 	if (gasSet() != _other.gasSet() || valueSet() != _other.valueSet() || saltSet() != _other.saltSet())
 		return false;
 
-	if (bound() != _other.bound())
+	if (hasBoundFirstArgument() != _other.hasBoundFirstArgument())
 		return false;
 
-	solAssert(!bound() || *selfType() == *_other.selfType(), "");
+	solAssert(!hasBoundFirstArgument() || *selfType() == *_other.selfType(), "");
 
 	return true;
 }
@@ -3648,14 +3648,14 @@ Type const* FunctionType::copyAndSetCallOptions(bool _setGas, bool _setValue, bo
 	);
 }
 
-FunctionTypePointer FunctionType::asBoundFunction() const
+FunctionTypePointer FunctionType::withBoundFirstArgument() const
 {
 	solAssert(!m_parameterTypes.empty(), "");
 	solAssert(!gasSet(), "");
 	solAssert(!valueSet(), "");
 	solAssert(!saltSet(), "");
 	Options options = Options::fromFunctionType(*this);
-	options.bound = true;
+	options.hasBoundFirstArgument = true;
 	return TypeProvider::function(
 		m_parameterTypes,
 		m_returnParameterTypes,
@@ -3710,7 +3710,7 @@ FunctionTypePointer FunctionType::asExternallyCallableFunction(bool _inLibrary)
 
 Type const* FunctionType::selfType() const
 {
-	solAssert(bound(), "Function is not bound.");
+	solAssert(hasBoundFirstArgument(), "Function is not attached to a type.");
 	solAssert(m_parameterTypes.size() > 0, "Function has no self type.");
 	return m_parameterTypes.at(0);
 }

libsolidity/ast/Types.h

@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ public:
 	/// given location.
 	virtual bool dataStoredIn(DataLocation) const { return false; }
 
-	/// Returns the list of all members of this type. Default implementation: no members apart from bound.
+	/// Returns the list of all members of this type. Default implementation: no members apart from attached functions.
 	/// @param _currentScope scope in which the members are accessed.
 	MemberList const& members(ASTNode const* _currentScope) const;
 	/// Convenience method, returns the type of the given named member or an empty pointer if no such member exists.
@@ -379,11 +379,11 @@ public:
 
 private:
 	/// @returns a member list containing all members added to this type by `using for` directives.
-	static MemberList::MemberMap boundFunctions(Type const& _type, ASTNode const& _scope);
+	static MemberList::MemberMap attachedFunctions(Type const& _type, ASTNode const& _scope);
 
 protected:
 	/// @returns the members native to this type depending on the given context. This function
-	/// is used (in conjunction with boundFunctions to fill m_members below.
+	/// is used (in conjunction with attachedFunctions to fill m_members below.
 	virtual MemberList::MemberMap nativeMembers(ASTNode const* /*_currentScope*/) const
 	{
 		return MemberList::MemberMap();
@@ -1272,7 +1272,7 @@ public:
 		bool saltSet = false;
 		/// true iff the function is called as arg1.fun(arg2, ..., argn).
 		/// This is achieved through the "using for" directive.
-		bool bound = false;
+		bool hasBoundFirstArgument = false;
 
 		static Options withArbitraryParameters()
 		{
@@ -1287,7 +1287,7 @@ public:
 			result.gasSet = _type.gasSet();
 			result.valueSet = _type.valueSet();
 			result.saltSet = _type.saltSet();
-			result.bound = _type.bound();
+			result.hasBoundFirstArgument = _type.hasBoundFirstArgument();
 			return result;
 		}
 	};
@@ -1322,7 +1322,7 @@ public:
 	)
 	{
 		// In this constructor, only the "arbitrary Parameters" option should be used.
-		solAssert(!bound() && !gasSet() && !valueSet() && !saltSet());
+		solAssert(!hasBoundFirstArgument() && !gasSet() && !valueSet() && !saltSet());
 	}
 
 	/// Detailed constructor, use with care.
@@ -1354,8 +1354,8 @@ public:
 			"Return parameter names list must match return parameter types list!"
 		);
 		solAssert(
-			!bound() || !m_parameterTypes.empty(),
-			"Attempted construction of bound function without self type"
+			!hasBoundFirstArgument() || !m_parameterTypes.empty(),
+			"Attempted construction of attached function without self type"
 		);
 	}
 
@@ -1372,7 +1372,7 @@ public:
 	/// storage pointers) are replaced by InaccessibleDynamicType instances.
 	TypePointers returnParameterTypesWithoutDynamicTypes() const;
 	std::vector<std::string> const& returnParameterNames() const { return m_returnParameterNames; }
-	/// @returns the "self" parameter type for a bound function
+	/// @returns the "self" parameter type for an attached function
 	Type const* selfType() const;
 
 	std::string richIdentifier() const override;
@@ -1406,8 +1406,8 @@ public:
 
 	/// @returns true if this function can take the given arguments (possibly
 	/// after implicit conversion).
-	/// @param _selfType if the function is bound, this has to be supplied and is the type of the
-	/// expression the function is called on.
+	/// @param _selfType if the function is attached as a member function, this has to be supplied
+	/// and is the type of the expression the function is called on.
 	bool canTakeArguments(
 		FuncCallArguments const& _arguments,
 		Type const* _selfType = nullptr
@@ -1471,20 +1471,20 @@ public:
 	bool gasSet() const { return m_options.gasSet; }
 	bool valueSet() const { return m_options.valueSet; }
 	bool saltSet() const { return m_options.saltSet; }
-	bool bound() const { return m_options.bound; }
+	bool hasBoundFirstArgument() const { return m_options.hasBoundFirstArgument; }
 
 	/// @returns a copy of this type, where gas or value are set manually. This will never set one
 	/// of the parameters to false.
 	Type const* copyAndSetCallOptions(bool _setGas, bool _setValue, bool _setSalt) const;
 
-	/// @returns a copy of this function type with the `bound` flag set to true.
+	/// @returns a copy of this function type with the `hasBoundFirstArgument` flag set to true.
 	/// Should only be called on library functions.
-	FunctionTypePointer asBoundFunction() const;
+	FunctionTypePointer withBoundFirstArgument() const;
 
 	/// @returns a copy of this function type where the location of reference types is changed
 	/// from CallData to Memory. This is the type that would be used when the function is
 	/// called externally, as opposed to the parameter types that are available inside the function body.
-	/// Also supports variants to be used for library or bound calls.
+	/// Also supports variants to be used for library or attached function calls.
 	/// @param _inLibrary if true, uses DelegateCall as location.
 	FunctionTypePointer asExternallyCallableFunction(bool _inLibrary) const;
 

libsolidity/codegen/ExpressionCompiler.cpp

@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@ bool ExpressionCompiler::visit(FunctionCall const& _functionCall)
 	else
 	{
 		FunctionType const& function = *functionType;
-		if (function.bound())
+		if (function.hasBoundFirstArgument())
 			solAssert(
 				function.kind() == FunctionType::Kind::DelegateCall ||
 				function.kind() == FunctionType::Kind::Internal ||
@@ -637,7 +637,7 @@ bool ExpressionCompiler::visit(FunctionCall const& _functionCall)
 				bool shortcutTaken = false;
 				if (auto identifier = dynamic_cast<Identifier const*>(&_functionCall.expression()))
 				{
-					solAssert(!function.bound(), "");
+					solAssert(!function.hasBoundFirstArgument(), "");
 					if (auto functionDef = dynamic_cast<FunctionDefinition const*>(identifier->annotation().referencedDeclaration))
 					{
 						// Do not directly visit the identifier, because this way, we can avoid
@@ -657,7 +657,7 @@ bool ExpressionCompiler::visit(FunctionCall const& _functionCall)
 			}
 
 			unsigned parameterSize = CompilerUtils::sizeOnStack(function.parameterTypes());
-			if (function.bound())
+			if (function.hasBoundFirstArgument())
 			{
 				// stack: arg2, ..., argn, label, arg1
 				unsigned depth = parameterSize + 1;
@@ -906,7 +906,7 @@ bool ExpressionCompiler::visit(FunctionCall const& _functionCall)
 								argumentType &&
 								functionType->kind() == FunctionType::Kind::External &&
 								argumentType->kind() == FunctionType::Kind::External &&
-								!argumentType->bound(),
+								!argumentType->hasBoundFirstArgument(),
 								""
 							);
 
@@ -1029,7 +1029,7 @@ bool ExpressionCompiler::visit(FunctionCall const& _functionCall)
 		}
 		case FunctionType::Kind::ArrayPush:
 		{
-			solAssert(function.bound(), "");
+			solAssert(function.hasBoundFirstArgument(), "");
 			_functionCall.expression().accept(*this);
 
 			if (function.parameterTypes().size() == 0)
@@ -1095,7 +1095,7 @@ bool ExpressionCompiler::visit(FunctionCall const& _functionCall)
 		case FunctionType::Kind::ArrayPop:
 		{
 			_functionCall.expression().accept(*this);
-			solAssert(function.bound(), "");
+			solAssert(function.hasBoundFirstArgument(), "");
 			solAssert(function.parameterTypes().empty(), "");
 			ArrayType const* arrayType = dynamic_cast<ArrayType const*>(function.selfType());
 			solAssert(arrayType && arrayType->dataStoredIn(DataLocation::Storage), "");
@@ -1476,10 +1476,10 @@ bool ExpressionCompiler::visit(NewExpression const&)
 bool ExpressionCompiler::visit(MemberAccess const& _memberAccess)
 {
 	CompilerContext::LocationSetter locationSetter(m_context, _memberAccess);
-	// Check whether the member is a bound function.
+	// Check whether the member is an attached function.
 	ASTString const& member = _memberAccess.memberName();
 	if (auto funType = dynamic_cast<FunctionType const*>(_memberAccess.annotation().type))
-		if (funType->bound())
+		if (funType->hasBoundFirstArgument())
 		{
 			acceptAndConvert(_memberAccess.expression(), *funType->selfType(), true);
 			if (funType->kind() == FunctionType::Kind::Internal)
@@ -2570,14 +2570,14 @@ void ExpressionCompiler::appendExternalFunctionCall(
 	// function identifier [unless bare]
 	// contract address
 
-	unsigned selfSize = _functionType.bound() ? _functionType.selfType()->sizeOnStack() : 0;
+	unsigned selfSize = _functionType.hasBoundFirstArgument() ? _functionType.selfType()->sizeOnStack() : 0;
 	unsigned gasValueSize = (_functionType.gasSet() ? 1u : 0u) + (_functionType.valueSet() ? 1u : 0u);
 	unsigned contractStackPos = m_context.currentToBaseStackOffset(1 + gasValueSize + selfSize + (_functionType.isBareCall() ? 0 : 1));
 	unsigned gasStackPos = m_context.currentToBaseStackOffset(gasValueSize);
 	unsigned valueStackPos = m_context.currentToBaseStackOffset(1);
 
 	// move self object to top
-	if (_functionType.bound())
+	if (_functionType.hasBoundFirstArgument())
 		utils().moveToStackTop(gasValueSize, _functionType.selfType()->sizeOnStack());
 
 	auto funKind = _functionType.kind();
@@ -2605,7 +2605,7 @@ void ExpressionCompiler::appendExternalFunctionCall(
 	// Evaluate arguments.
 	TypePointers argumentTypes;
 	TypePointers parameterTypes = _functionType.parameterTypes();
-	if (_functionType.bound())
+	if (_functionType.hasBoundFirstArgument())
 	{
 		argumentTypes.push_back(_functionType.selfType());
 		parameterTypes.insert(parameterTypes.begin(), _functionType.selfType());

libsolidity/codegen/LValue.cpp

@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ void StorageItem::storeValue(Type const& _sourceType, SourceLocation const& _loc
 					_sourceType.isImplicitlyConvertibleTo(*m_dataType),
 					"function item stored but target is not implicitly convertible to source"
 				);
-				solAssert(!fun->bound(), "");
+				solAssert(!fun->hasBoundFirstArgument(), "");
 				if (fun->kind() == FunctionType::Kind::External)
 				{
 					solAssert(fun->sizeOnStack() == 2, "");

libsolidity/codegen/ir/IRGeneratorForStatements.cpp

@@ -953,7 +953,7 @@ void IRGeneratorForStatements::endVisit(FunctionCall const& _functionCall)
 		solAssert(!functionType->takesArbitraryParameters());
 
 		vector<string> args;
-		if (functionType->bound())
+		if (functionType->hasBoundFirstArgument())
 			args += IRVariable(_functionCall.expression()).part("self").stackSlots();
 
 		for (size_t i = 0; i < arguments.size(); ++i)
@@ -1024,7 +1024,7 @@ void IRGeneratorForStatements::endVisit(FunctionCall const& _functionCall)
 					solAssert(
 						IRVariable(arg).type() == *functionType &&
 						functionType->kind() == FunctionType::Kind::External &&
-						!functionType->bound(),
+						!functionType->hasBoundFirstArgument(),
 						""
 					);
 					define(indexedArgs.emplace_back(m_context.newYulVariable(), *TypeProvider::fixedBytes(32))) <<
@@ -1353,7 +1353,7 @@ void IRGeneratorForStatements::endVisit(FunctionCall const& _functionCall)
 	}
 	case FunctionType::Kind::ArrayPop:
 	{
-		solAssert(functionType->bound());
+		solAssert(functionType->hasBoundFirstArgument());
 		solAssert(functionType->parameterTypes().empty());
 		ArrayType const* arrayType = dynamic_cast<ArrayType const*>(functionType->selfType());
 		solAssert(arrayType);
@@ -1557,7 +1557,7 @@ void IRGeneratorForStatements::endVisit(FunctionCall const& _functionCall)
 		solAssert(!_functionCall.annotation().tryCall);
 		solAssert(!functionType->valueSet());
 		solAssert(!functionType->gasSet());
-		solAssert(!functionType->bound());
+		solAssert(!functionType->hasBoundFirstArgument());
 
 		static map<FunctionType::Kind, std::tuple<unsigned, size_t>> precompiles = {
 			{FunctionType::Kind::ECRecover, std::make_tuple(1, 0)},
@@ -1623,7 +1623,7 @@ void IRGeneratorForStatements::endVisit(FunctionCallOptions const& _options)
 	setLocation(_options);
 	FunctionType const& previousType = dynamic_cast<FunctionType const&>(*_options.expression().annotation().type);
 
-	solUnimplementedAssert(!previousType.bound());
+	solUnimplementedAssert(!previousType.hasBoundFirstArgument());
 
 	// Copy over existing values.
 	for (auto const& item: previousType.stackItems())
@@ -1668,7 +1668,7 @@ void IRGeneratorForStatements::endVisit(MemberAccess const& _memberAccess)
 	auto memberFunctionType = dynamic_cast<FunctionType const*>(_memberAccess.annotation().type);
 	Type::Category objectCategory = _memberAccess.expression().annotation().type->category();
 
-	if (memberFunctionType && memberFunctionType->bound())
+	if (memberFunctionType && memberFunctionType->hasBoundFirstArgument())
 	{
 		define(IRVariable(_memberAccess).part("self"), _memberAccess.expression());
 		solAssert(*_memberAccess.annotation().requiredLookup == VirtualLookup::Static);
@@ -2506,7 +2506,7 @@ void IRGeneratorForStatements::appendExternalFunctionCall(
 	TypePointers parameterTypes = funType.parameterTypes();
 	TypePointers argumentTypes;
 	vector<string> argumentStrings;
-	if (funType.bound())
+	if (funType.hasBoundFirstArgument())
 	{
 		parameterTypes.insert(parameterTypes.begin(), funType.selfType());
 		argumentTypes.emplace_back(funType.selfType());
@@ -2655,7 +2655,7 @@ void IRGeneratorForStatements::appendBareCall(
 {
 	FunctionType const& funType = dynamic_cast<FunctionType const&>(type(_functionCall.expression()));
 	solAssert(
-		!funType.bound() &&
+		!funType.hasBoundFirstArgument() &&
 		!funType.takesArbitraryParameters() &&
 		_arguments.size() == 1 &&
 		funType.parameterTypes().size() == 1, ""

libsolidity/formal/SMTEncoder.cpp

@@ -3120,12 +3120,12 @@ vector<smtutil::Expression> SMTEncoder::symbolicArguments(FunctionCall const& _f
 	vector<ASTPointer<Expression const>> arguments = _funCall.sortedArguments();
 	auto functionParams = funDef->parameters();
 	unsigned firstParam = 0;
-	if (funType->bound())
+	if (funType->hasBoundFirstArgument())
 	{
 		calledExpr = innermostTuple(*calledExpr);
-		auto const& boundFunction = dynamic_cast<MemberAccess const*>(calledExpr);
-		solAssert(boundFunction, "");
-		args.push_back(expr(boundFunction->expression(), functionParams.front()->type()));
+		auto const& attachedFunction = dynamic_cast<MemberAccess const*>(calledExpr);
+		solAssert(attachedFunction, "");
+		args.push_back(expr(attachedFunction->expression(), functionParams.front()->type()));
 		firstParam = 1;
 	}
 

libsolidity/formal/SMTEncoder.h

@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ protected:
 	void createReturnedExpressions(FunctionCall const& _funCall, ContractDefinition const* _contextContract);
 
 	/// @returns the symbolic arguments for a function call,
-	/// taking into account bound functions and
+	/// taking into account attached functions and
 	/// type conversion.
 	std::vector<smtutil::Expression> symbolicArguments(FunctionCall const& _funCall, ContractDefinition const* _contextContract);
 

test/libsolidity/SolidityEndToEndTest.cpp

@@ -2811,7 +2811,7 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(return_external_function_type)
 	);
 }
 
-// TODO: store bound internal library functions
+// TODO: store attached internal library functions
 
 BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_bytes)
 {

test/libsolidity/semanticTests/using/using_global_invisible.sol

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ import {C} from "B";
 contract D {
     function test() public returns (uint) {
         C c = new C();
-        // This tests that bound functions are available
+        // This tests that attached functions are available
         // even if the type is not available by name.
         // This is a regular function call, a
         // public and an internal library call

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/abiEncoder/v2_call_to_v2_library_function_pointer_accepting_struct.sol

@@ -22,4 +22,4 @@ contract Test {
     }
 }
 // ----
-// TypeError 9574: (B:269-313): Type function (struct L.Item memory) is not implicitly convertible to expected type function (struct L.Item memory) external. Special functions can not be converted to function types.
+// TypeError 9574: (B:269-313): Type function (struct L.Item memory) is not implicitly convertible to expected type function (struct L.Item memory) external. Special functions cannot be converted to function types.

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/constructor/constructor_function_parameter_disallowed_conversion.sol

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ contract C {
 // TypeError 9553: (415-428): Invalid type for argument in function call. Invalid implicit conversion from function () view external returns (uint256) to function () pure external returns (uint256) requested.
 // TypeError 9553: (465-481): Invalid type for argument in function call. Invalid implicit conversion from function () external returns (uint256) to function () pure external returns (uint256) requested.
 // TypeError 9553: (518-545): Invalid type for argument in function call. Invalid implicit conversion from function (uint256) pure external returns (uint256) to function () pure external returns (uint256) requested.
-// TypeError 9553: (582-589): Invalid type for argument in function call. Invalid implicit conversion from function () view returns (uint256) to function () pure external returns (uint256) requested. Special functions can not be converted to function types.
-// TypeError 9553: (626-629): Invalid type for argument in function call. Invalid implicit conversion from function () pure returns (uint256) to function () pure external returns (uint256) requested. Special functions can not be converted to function types.
-// TypeError 9553: (666-686): Invalid type for argument in function call. Invalid implicit conversion from function () pure returns (uint256) to function () pure external returns (uint256) requested. Special functions can not be converted to function types.
+// TypeError 9553: (582-589): Invalid type for argument in function call. Invalid implicit conversion from function () view returns (uint256) to function () pure external returns (uint256) requested. Special functions cannot be converted to function types.
+// TypeError 9553: (626-629): Invalid type for argument in function call. Invalid implicit conversion from function () pure returns (uint256) to function () pure external returns (uint256) requested. Special functions cannot be converted to function types.
+// TypeError 9553: (666-686): Invalid type for argument in function call. Invalid implicit conversion from function () pure returns (uint256) to function () pure external returns (uint256) requested. Special functions cannot be converted to function types.
 // TypeError 9582: (723-748): Member "testInternalFunction" not found or not visible after argument-dependent lookup in contract C.

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/errors/error_to_function_conversion.sol

@@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ contract C {
     function() internal pure x = E;
 }
 // ----
-// TypeError 7407: (58-59): Type error E() is not implicitly convertible to expected type function () pure. Special functions can not be converted to function types.
+// TypeError 7407: (58-59): Type error E() is not implicitly convertible to expected type function () pure. Special functions cannot be converted to function types.

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/events/event_library_function.sol

@@ -30,6 +30,6 @@ contract E {
 	}
 }
 // ----
-// TypeError 9553: (140-143): Invalid type for argument in function call. Invalid implicit conversion from function () to function () external requested. Special functions can not be converted to function types.
-// TypeError 9553: (230-233): Invalid type for argument in function call. Invalid implicit conversion from function () to function () external requested. Special functions can not be converted to function types.
-// TypeError 9553: (345-348): Invalid type for argument in function call. Invalid implicit conversion from function D.f() to function () external requested. Special functions can not be converted to function types.
+// TypeError 9553: (140-143): Invalid type for argument in function call. Invalid implicit conversion from function () to function () external requested. Special functions cannot be converted to function types.
+// TypeError 9553: (230-233): Invalid type for argument in function call. Invalid implicit conversion from function () to function () external requested. Special functions cannot be converted to function types.
+// TypeError 9553: (345-348): Invalid type for argument in function call. Invalid implicit conversion from function D.f() to function () external requested. Special functions cannot be converted to function types.

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/events/event_to_function_conversion.sol

@@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ contract C {
     function() internal pure x = E;
 }
 // ----
-// TypeError 7407: (66-67): Type event E(uint256) is not implicitly convertible to expected type function () pure. Special functions can not be converted to function types.
+// TypeError 7407: (66-67): Type event E(uint256) is not implicitly convertible to expected type function () pure. Special functions cannot be converted to function types.

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/functionTypes/assign_attached_library_function.sol

@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ contract C {
     }
 }
 // ----
-// TypeError 9574: (209-280): Type function (uint256,uint256) pure returns (uint256) is not implicitly convertible to expected type function (uint256,uint256) pure returns (uint256). Bound functions can not be converted to non-bound functions.
+// TypeError 9574: (209-280): Type function (uint256,uint256) pure returns (uint256) is not implicitly convertible to expected type function (uint256,uint256) pure returns (uint256). Attached functions cannot be converted into unattached functions.

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/functionTypes/assign_attached_library_function_storage_arg.sol

@@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ contract C {
     }
 }
 // ----
-// TypeError 9574: (218-271): Type function (struct D.s storage pointer,uint256) returns (uint256) is not implicitly convertible to expected type function (struct D.s storage pointer,uint256) returns (uint256). Bound functions can not be converted to non-bound functions.
+// TypeError 9574: (218-271): Type function (struct D.s storage pointer,uint256) returns (uint256) is not implicitly convertible to expected type function (struct D.s storage pointer,uint256) returns (uint256). Attached functions cannot be converted into unattached functions.
 // TypeError 6160: (298-302): Wrong argument count for function call: 1 arguments given but expected 2.

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/functionTypes/assign_builtin.sol

@@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ contract C {
   }
 }
 // ----
-// TypeError 9574: (42-103): Type function (uint256) view returns (bytes32) is not implicitly convertible to expected type function (uint256) view returns (bytes32). Special functions can not be converted to function types.
+// TypeError 9574: (42-103): Type function (uint256) view returns (bytes32) is not implicitly convertible to expected type function (uint256) view returns (bytes32). Special functions cannot be converted to function types.

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/functionTypes/external_library_function_to_external_function_type.sol

@@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ contract C {
     }
 }
 // ----
-// TypeError 9553: (230-233): Invalid type for argument in function call. Invalid implicit conversion from function (uint256) returns (uint256) to function (uint256) external returns (uint256) requested. Special functions can not be converted to function types.
-// TypeError 9574: (244-305): Type function (uint256) returns (uint256) is not implicitly convertible to expected type function (uint256) external returns (uint256). Special functions can not be converted to function types.
+// TypeError 9553: (230-233): Invalid type for argument in function call. Invalid implicit conversion from function (uint256) returns (uint256) to function (uint256) external returns (uint256) requested. Special functions cannot be converted to function types.
+// TypeError 9574: (244-305): Type function (uint256) returns (uint256) is not implicitly convertible to expected type function (uint256) external returns (uint256). Special functions cannot be converted to function types.

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/functionTypes/function_type_variable_external_internal.sol

@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@ contract test {
     function(bytes memory) external internal a = fa;
 }
 // ----
-// TypeError 7407: (106-108): Type function (bytes memory) is not implicitly convertible to expected type function (bytes memory) external. Special functions can not be converted to function types.
+// TypeError 7407: (106-108): Type function (bytes memory) is not implicitly convertible to expected type function (bytes memory) external. Special functions cannot be converted to function types.

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/nameAndTypeResolution/259_using_for_not_used.sol

@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ library D { function double(uint self) public returns (uint) { return 2; } }
 contract C {
     using D for uint;
     function f(uint16 a) public returns (uint) {
-        // This is an error because the function is only bound to uint.
-        // Had it been bound to *, it would have worked.
+        // This is an error because the function is only attached to uint.
+        // Had it been attached to *, it would have worked.
         return a.double();
     }
 }
 // ----
-// TypeError 9582: (305-313): Member "double" not found or not visible after argument-dependent lookup in uint16.
+// TypeError 9582: (311-319): Member "double" not found or not visible after argument-dependent lookup in uint16.

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/nameAndTypeResolution/261_using_for_arbitrary_mismatch.sol

@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ library D { function double(bytes32 self) public returns (uint) { return 2; } }
 contract C {
     using D for *;
     function f(uint a) public returns (uint) {
-        // Bound to a, but self type does not match.
+        // Attached to a, but self type does not match.
         return a.double();
     }
 }
 // ----
-// TypeError 9582: (227-235): Member "double" not found or not visible after argument-dependent lookup in uint256.
+// TypeError 9582: (230-238): Member "double" not found or not visible after argument-dependent lookup in uint256.

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/specialFunctions/encodeCall_fail_funType.sol

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ contract C is Base {
 		abi.encodeCall(L.fInternal, (1, "123"));
 		abi.encodeCall(L.fExternal, (1, "123"));
 	}
-	function failBoundLibraryPointerCall() public returns (bytes memory) {
+	function failAttachedLibraryPointerCall() public returns (bytes memory) {
 		uint256 x = 1;
 		return abi.encodeCall(x.fExternal, (1, "123"));
 	}
@@ -70,9 +70,9 @@ contract C is Base {
 // TypeError 3509: (1187-1207): Expected regular external function type, or external view on public function. Provided internal function.
 // TypeError 3509: (1286-1297): Expected regular external function type, or external view on public function. Provided internal function.
 // TypeError 3509: (1329-1340): Expected regular external function type, or external view on public function. Cannot use library functions for abi.encodeCall.
-// TypeError 3509: (1471-1482): Expected regular external function type, or external view on public function. Cannot use library functions for abi.encodeCall.
-// TypeError 3509: (1592-1601): Expected regular external function type, or external view on public function. Provided internal function. Did you forget to prefix "this."?
-// TypeError 3509: (1722-1745): Expected regular external function type, or external view on public function. Provided internal function. Functions from base contracts have to be external.
-// TypeError 3509: (1771-1796): Expected regular external function type, or external view on public function. Provided internal function. Functions from base contracts have to be external.
-// TypeError 3509: (1902-1911): Expected regular external function type, or external view on public function. Provided internal function.
-// TypeError 3509: (2010-2019): Expected regular external function type, or external view on public function. Provided creation function.
+// TypeError 3509: (1474-1485): Expected regular external function type, or external view on public function. Cannot use library functions for abi.encodeCall.
+// TypeError 3509: (1595-1604): Expected regular external function type, or external view on public function. Provided internal function. Did you forget to prefix "this."?
+// TypeError 3509: (1725-1748): Expected regular external function type, or external view on public function. Provided internal function. Functions from base contracts have to be external.
+// TypeError 3509: (1774-1799): Expected regular external function type, or external view on public function. Provided internal function. Functions from base contracts have to be external.
+// TypeError 3509: (1905-1914): Expected regular external function type, or external view on public function. Provided internal function.
+// TypeError 3509: (2013-2022): Expected regular external function type, or external view on public function. Provided creation function.

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/types/contractTypeType/members/assign_function_via_base_name_to_var.sol

@@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ contract B is A {
     }
 }
 // ----
-// TypeError 9574: (133-160): Type function A.f() is not implicitly convertible to expected type function () external. Special functions can not be converted to function types.
-// TypeError 9574: (170-202): Type function A.g() pure is not implicitly convertible to expected type function () pure external. Special functions can not be converted to function types.
+// TypeError 9574: (133-160): Type function A.f() is not implicitly convertible to expected type function () external. Special functions cannot be converted to function types.
+// TypeError 9574: (170-202): Type function A.g() pure is not implicitly convertible to expected type function () pure external. Special functions cannot be converted to function types.

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/types/contractTypeType/members/assign_function_via_contract_name_to_var.sol

@@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ contract B {
     }
 }
 // ----
-// TypeError 9574: (128-155): Type function A.f() is not implicitly convertible to expected type function () external. Special functions can not be converted to function types.
-// TypeError 9574: (165-197): Type function A.g() pure is not implicitly convertible to expected type function () pure external. Special functions can not be converted to function types.
+// TypeError 9574: (128-155): Type function A.f() is not implicitly convertible to expected type function () external. Special functions cannot be converted to function types.
+// TypeError 9574: (165-197): Type function A.g() pure is not implicitly convertible to expected type function () pure external. Special functions cannot be converted to function types.

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/userDefinedValueType/wrap_unwrap_assign_err.sol

@@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ function test() pure {
     function (int) returns (MyInt) g = MyInt.wrap;
 }
 // ----
-// TypeError 9574: (46-93): Type function (MyInt) pure returns (int256) is not implicitly convertible to expected type function (MyInt) returns (int256). Special functions can not be converted to function types.
-// TypeError 9574: (99-144): Type function (int256) pure returns (MyInt) is not implicitly convertible to expected type function (int256) returns (MyInt). Special functions can not be converted to function types.
+// TypeError 9574: (46-93): Type function (MyInt) pure returns (int256) is not implicitly convertible to expected type function (MyInt) returns (int256). Special functions cannot be converted to function types.
+// TypeError 9574: (99-144): Type function (int256) pure returns (MyInt) is not implicitly convertible to expected type function (int256) returns (MyInt). Special functions cannot be converted to function types.

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/using/free_functions_implicit_conversion_err.sol

@@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ contract C {
     using {id} for S;
 }
 // ----
-// TypeError 3100: (112-114): The function "id" cannot be bound to the type "uint256" because the type cannot be implicitly converted to the first argument of the function ("uint16").
-// TypeError 3100: (140-142): The function "id" cannot be bound to the type "struct S" because the type cannot be implicitly converted to the first argument of the function ("uint16").
+// TypeError 3100: (112-114): The function "id" cannot be attached to the type "uint256" because the type cannot be implicitly converted to the first argument of the function ("uint16").
+// TypeError 3100: (140-142): The function "id" cannot be attached to the type "struct S" because the type cannot be implicitly converted to the first argument of the function ("uint16").

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/using/global_for_asterisk.sol

@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@ using {f} for * global;
 function f(uint) pure{}
 // ----
 // SyntaxError 8118: (0-23): The type has to be specified explicitly at file level (cannot use '*').
-// SyntaxError 2854: (0-23): Can only globally bind functions to specific types.
+// SyntaxError 2854: (0-23): Can only globally attach functions to specific types.

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/using/global_library_with_asterisk.sol

@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@ using L for * global;
 library L {}
 // ----
 // SyntaxError 8118: (0-21): The type has to be specified explicitly at file level (cannot use '*').
-// SyntaxError 2854: (0-21): Can only globally bind functions to specific types.
+// SyntaxError 2854: (0-21): Can only globally attach functions to specific types.

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/using/global_local_clash.sol

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ function f1(S memory _x) pure returns (uint) { return _x.x + 1; }
 ==== Source: B ====
 contract C {
     // Here, f points to f1, so we end up with two different functions
-    // bound as S.f
+    // attached as S.f
     using {f} for S;
 
     function test() pure public
@@ -18,4 +18,4 @@ contract C {
 import {gen as g, f1 as f, S} from "A";
 import "A" as A;
 // ----
-// TypeError 6675: (B:181-186): Member "f" not unique after argument-dependent lookup in struct S memory.
+// TypeError 6675: (B:184-189): Member "f" not unique after argument-dependent lookup in struct S memory.

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/using/global_with_asterisk.sol

@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@ using {f} for * global;
 function f(uint) pure{}
 // ----
 // SyntaxError 8118: (0-23): The type has to be specified explicitly at file level (cannot use '*').
-// SyntaxError 2854: (0-23): Can only globally bind functions to specific types.
+// SyntaxError 2854: (0-23): Can only globally attach functions to specific types.

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/using/using_free_no_parameters_err.sol

@@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ function one() pure returns(uint) {
 
 using {one} for uint;
 // ----
-// TypeError 4731: (60-63): The function "one" does not have any parameters, and therefore cannot be bound to the type "uint256".
+// TypeError 4731: (60-63): The function "one" does not have any parameters, and therefore cannot be attached to the type "uint256".

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/using/using_free_no_parameters_struct_err.sol

@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@ struct S { uint8 x; }
 function f() {}
 using {f} for S;
 // ----
-// TypeError 4731: (45-46): The function "f" does not have any parameters, and therefore cannot be bound to the type "struct S".
+// TypeError 4731: (45-46): The function "f" does not have any parameters, and therefore cannot be attached to the type "struct S".

test/libsolidity/syntaxTests/using/using_non_free_function_err.sol

@@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ contract C {
     function g(uint) public { }
 }
 // ----
-// TypeError 4167: (24-25): Only file-level functions and library functions can be bound to a type in a "using" statement
-// TypeError 4167: (27-28): Only file-level functions and library functions can be bound to a type in a "using" statement
+// TypeError 4167: (24-25): Only file-level functions and library functions can be attached to a type in a "using" statement
+// TypeError 4167: (27-28): Only file-level functions and library functions can be attached to a type in a "using" statement