Merge pull request #285 from chriseth/docs

PDFs and some lost changes.

docs/conf.py

@@ -199,6 +199,7 @@ latex_elements = {
 # (source start file, target name, title,
 #  author, documentclass [howto, manual, or own class]).
 latex_documents = [
+        ('index', 'solidity.tex', 'Solidity Documentation', 'Ethereum', 'manual'),
 ]
 
 # The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to place at the top of

docs/frequently-asked-questions.rst

@@ -547,6 +547,13 @@ Can a regular (i.e. non-contract) ethereum account be closed permanently like a
 No. Non-contract accounts "exist" as long as the private key is known by
 someone or can be generated in some way.
 
+What is the difference between `bytes` and `byte[]`?
+====================================================
+
+`bytes` is usually more efficient: When used as arguments to functions (i.e. in
+CALLDATA) or in memory, every single element of a `byte[]` is padded to 32
+bytes which wastes 31 bytes per element.
+
 ******************
 Advanced Questions
 ******************

docs/style-guide.rst

@@ -513,7 +513,7 @@ No::
     x |= y&&z;
 
 * Operators with a higher priority than others can exclude surrounding
-  whitespace in order to denote precidence.  This is meant to allow for
+  whitespace in order to denote precedence.  This is meant to allow for
   improved readability for complex statement. You should always use the same
   amount of whitespace on either side of an operator:
 

docs/types.rst

@@ -119,6 +119,10 @@ Dynamically-sized byte array
 `string`:
     Dynamically-sized UTF8-encoded string, see :ref:`arrays`. Not a value-type!
 
+As a rule of thumb, use `bytes` for arbitrary-length raw byte data and `string`
+for arbitrary-length string (utf-8) data. If you can limit the length to a certain
+number of bytes, always use one of `bytes1` to `bytes32` because they are much cheaper.
+
 .. index:: literal, literal;integer
 
 Integer Literals
@@ -261,6 +265,8 @@ Variables of type `bytes` and `string` are special arrays. A `bytes` is similar
 but it is packed tightly in calldata. `string` is equal to `bytes` but does not allow
 length or index access (for now).
 
+So `bytes` should always be preferred over `byte[]` because it is cheaper.
+
 .. note::
     If you want to access the byte-representation of a string `s`, use
     `bytes(s).length` / `bytes(s)[7] = 'x';`. Keep in mind