Add implementation of LazyInit

libsolutil/LazyInit.h

@@ -16,3 +16,87 @@
 */
 
 #pragma once
+
+#include <libsolutil/Assertions.h>
+#include <libsolutil/Exceptions.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <optional>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <utility>
+
+namespace solidity::util
+{
+
+DEV_SIMPLE_EXCEPTION(BadLazyInitAccess);
+
+/**
+ * Represents a lazy-initialized value.
+ * @tparam T the type of the lazy-initialized object; may not be a function, reference, array, or void type; may be const-qualified.
+ */
+template<typename T>
+class LazyInit
+{
+public:
+	using value_type = T;
+
+	static_assert(std::is_object_v<value_type>, "Function, reference, and void types are not supported");
+	static_assert(!std::is_array_v<value_type>, "Array types are not supported.");
+	static_assert(!std::is_volatile_v<value_type>, "Volatile-qualified types are not supported.");
+
+	LazyInit() = default;
+
+	LazyInit(LazyInit const&) = delete;
+	LazyInit& operator=(LazyInit const&) = delete;
+
+	// Move constructor must be overridden to ensure that moved-from object is left empty.
+	constexpr LazyInit(LazyInit&& _other) noexcept:
+		m_value(std::move(_other.m_value))
+	{
+		_other.m_value.reset();
+	}
+
+	// Copy and swap idiom.
+	LazyInit& operator=(LazyInit&& _other) noexcept
+	{
+		this->m_value.swap(_other.m_value);
+		_other.m_value.reset();
+	}
+
+	template<typename F>
+	value_type& init(F&& _fun)
+	{
+		doInit(std::forward<F>(_fun));
+		return m_value.value();
+	}
+
+	template<typename F>
+	value_type const& init(F&& _fun) const
+	{
+		doInit(std::forward<F>(_fun));
+		return m_value.value();
+	}
+
+private:
+	constexpr void assertInitialized() const
+	{
+		assertThrow(
+			m_value.has_value(),
+			BadLazyInitAccess,
+			"Attempt to access an uninitialized LazyInit"
+		);
+	}
+
+	/// Although not quite logically const, this is marked const for pragmatic reasons. It doesn't change the platonic
+	/// value of the object (which is something that is initialized to some computed value on first use).
+	template<typename F>
+	void doInit(F&& _fun) const
+	{
+		if (!m_value.has_value())
+			m_value.emplace(std::forward<F>(_fun)());
+	}
+
+	mutable std::optional<value_type> m_value;
+};
+
+}