[SMTChecker] Add FunctionSort and refactors the solver interface to create variables

libsolidity/formal/CVC4Interface.cpp

@@ -33,8 +33,7 @@ CVC4Interface::CVC4Interface():
 
 void CVC4Interface::reset()
 {
-	m_constants.clear();
-	m_functions.clear();
+	m_variables.clear();
 	m_solver.reset();
 	m_solver.setOption("produce-models", true);
 	m_solver.setTimeLimit(queryTimeout);
@@ -50,25 +49,10 @@ void CVC4Interface::pop()
 	m_solver.pop();
 }
 
-void CVC4Interface::declareFunction(string _name, vector<SortPointer> const& _domain, Sort const& _codomain)
+void CVC4Interface::declareVariable(string const& _name, Sort const& _sort)
 {
-	if (!m_functions.count(_name))
-	{
-		CVC4::Type fType = m_context.mkFunctionType(cvc4Sort(_domain), cvc4Sort(_codomain));
-		m_functions.insert({_name, m_context.mkVar(_name.c_str(), fType)});
-	}
-}
-
-void CVC4Interface::declareInteger(string _name)
-{
-	if (!m_constants.count(_name))
-		m_constants.insert({_name, m_context.mkVar(_name.c_str(), m_context.integerType())});
-}
-
-void CVC4Interface::declareBool(string _name)
-{
-	if (!m_constants.count(_name))
-		m_constants.insert({_name, m_context.mkVar(_name.c_str(), m_context.booleanType())});
+	if (!m_variables.count(_name))
+		m_variables.insert({_name, m_context.mkVar(_name.c_str(), cvc4Sort(_sort))});
 }
 
 void CVC4Interface::addAssertion(Expression const& _expr)
@@ -129,20 +113,19 @@ pair<CheckResult, vector<string>> CVC4Interface::check(vector<Expression> const&
 
 CVC4::Expr CVC4Interface::toCVC4Expr(Expression const& _expr)
 {
-	if (_expr.arguments.empty() && m_constants.count(_expr.name))
-		return m_constants.at(_expr.name);
+	// Variable
+	if (_expr.arguments.empty() && m_variables.count(_expr.name))
+		return m_variables.at(_expr.name);
+
 	vector<CVC4::Expr> arguments;
 	for (auto const& arg: _expr.arguments)
 		arguments.push_back(toCVC4Expr(arg));
 
 	string const& n = _expr.name;
-	if (m_functions.count(n))
-		return m_context.mkExpr(CVC4::kind::APPLY_UF, m_functions[n], arguments);
-	else if (m_constants.count(n))
-	{
-		solAssert(arguments.empty(), "");
-		return m_constants.at(n);
-	}
+	// Function application
+	if (!arguments.empty() && m_variables.count(_expr.name))
+		return m_context.mkExpr(CVC4::kind::APPLY_UF, m_variables.at(n), arguments);
+	// Literal
 	else if (arguments.empty())
 	{
 		if (n == "true")
@@ -194,6 +177,11 @@ CVC4::Type CVC4Interface::cvc4Sort(Sort const& _sort)
 		return m_context.booleanType();
 	case Kind::Int:
 		return m_context.integerType();
+	case Kind::Function:
+	{
+		FunctionSort const& fSort = dynamic_cast<FunctionSort const&>(_sort);
+		return m_context.mkFunctionType(cvc4Sort(fSort.domain), cvc4Sort(*fSort.codomain));
+	}
 	default:
 		break;
 	}

libsolidity/formal/CVC4Interface.h

@@ -51,9 +51,7 @@ public:
 	void push() override;
 	void pop() override;
 
-	void declareFunction(std::string _name, std::vector<SortPointer> const& _domain, Sort const& _codomain) override;
-	void declareInteger(std::string _name) override;
-	void declareBool(std::string _name) override;
+	void declareVariable(std::string const&, Sort const&) override;
 
 	void addAssertion(Expression const& _expr) override;
 	std::pair<CheckResult, std::vector<std::string>> check(std::vector<Expression> const& _expressionsToEvaluate) override;
@@ -65,8 +63,7 @@ private:
 
 	CVC4::ExprManager m_context;
 	CVC4::SmtEngine m_solver;
-	std::map<std::string, CVC4::Expr> m_constants;
-	std::map<std::string, CVC4::Expr> m_functions;
+	std::map<std::string, CVC4::Expr> m_variables;
 };
 
 }

libsolidity/formal/SMTChecker.cpp

@@ -417,10 +417,15 @@ void SMTChecker::visitGasLeft(FunctionCall const& _funCall)
 void SMTChecker::visitBlockHash(FunctionCall const& _funCall)
 {
 	string blockHash = "blockhash";
-	defineUninterpretedFunction(blockHash, {make_shared<smt::Sort>(smt::Kind::Int)}, smt::Kind::Int);
 	auto const& arguments = _funCall.arguments();
 	solAssert(arguments.size() == 1, "");
-	defineExpr(_funCall, m_uninterpretedFunctions.at(blockHash)({expr(*arguments[0])}));
+	smt::SortPointer paramSort = smtSort(*arguments.at(0)->annotation().type);
+	smt::SortPointer returnSort = smtSort(*_funCall.annotation().type);
+	defineUninterpretedFunction(
+		blockHash,
+		make_shared<smt::FunctionSort>(vector<smt::SortPointer>{paramSort}, returnSort)
+	);
+	defineExpr(_funCall, m_uninterpretedFunctions.at(blockHash)({expr(*arguments.at(0))}));
 	m_uninterpretedTerms.push_back(&_funCall);
 }
 
@@ -606,10 +611,10 @@ void SMTChecker::defineSpecialVariable(string const& _name, Expression const& _e
 	defineExpr(_expr, m_specialVariables.at(_name)->currentValue());
 }
 
-void SMTChecker::defineUninterpretedFunction(string const& _name, vector<smt::SortPointer> const& _domain, smt::Sort const& _codomain)
+void SMTChecker::defineUninterpretedFunction(string const& _name, smt::SortPointer _sort)
 {
 	if (!m_uninterpretedFunctions.count(_name))
-		m_uninterpretedFunctions.emplace(_name, m_interface->newFunction(_name, _domain, _codomain));
+		m_uninterpretedFunctions.emplace(_name, m_interface->newVariable(_name, _sort));
 }
 
 void SMTChecker::arithmeticOperation(BinaryOperation const& _op)

libsolidity/formal/SMTChecker.h

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ private:
 	void inlineFunctionCall(FunctionCall const&);
 
 	void defineSpecialVariable(std::string const& _name, Expression const& _expr, bool _increaseIndex = false);
-	void defineUninterpretedFunction(std::string const& _name, std::vector<smt::SortPointer> const& _domain, smt::Sort const& _codomain);
+	void defineUninterpretedFunction(std::string const& _name, smt::SortPointer _sort);
 
 	/// Division expression in the given type. Requires special treatment because
 	/// of rounding for signed division.

libsolidity/formal/SMTLib2Interface.cpp

@@ -47,8 +47,7 @@ void SMTLib2Interface::reset()
 {
 	m_accumulatedOutput.clear();
 	m_accumulatedOutput.emplace_back();
-	m_constants.clear();
-	m_functions.clear();
+	m_variables.clear();
 	write("(set-option :produce-models true)");
 	write("(set-logic QF_UFLIA)");
 }
@@ -64,45 +63,39 @@ void SMTLib2Interface::pop()
 	m_accumulatedOutput.pop_back();
 }
 
-void SMTLib2Interface::declareFunction(string _name, vector<SortPointer> const& _domain, Sort const& _codomain)
+void SMTLib2Interface::declareVariable(string const& _name, Sort const& _sort)
 {
+	if (_sort.kind == Kind::Function)
+		declareFunction(_name, _sort);
+	else if (!m_variables.count(_name))
+	{
+		m_variables.insert(_name);
+		write("(declare-fun |" + _name + "| () " + toSmtLibSort(_sort) + ')');
+	}
+}
+
+void SMTLib2Interface::declareFunction(string const& _name, Sort const& _sort)
+{
+	solAssert(_sort.kind == smt::Kind::Function, "");
 	// TODO Use domain and codomain as key as well
-	string domain("");
-	for (auto const& sort: _domain)
-		domain += toSmtLibSort(*sort) + ' ';
-	if (!m_functions.count(_name))
+	if (!m_variables.count(_name))
 	{
-		m_functions.insert(_name);
+		FunctionSort fSort = dynamic_cast<FunctionSort const&>(_sort);
+		string domain = toSmtLibSort(fSort.domain);
+		string codomain = toSmtLibSort(*fSort.codomain);
+		m_variables.insert(_name);
 		write(
 			"(declare-fun |" +
 			_name +
-			"| (" +
+			"| " +
 			domain +
-			") " +
-			(_codomain.kind == Kind::Int ? "Int" : "Bool") +
+			" " +
+			codomain +
 			")"
 		);
 	}
 }
 
-void SMTLib2Interface::declareInteger(string _name)
-{
-	if (!m_constants.count(_name))
-	{
-		m_constants.insert(_name);
-		write("(declare-const |" + _name + "| Int)");
-	}
-}
-
-void SMTLib2Interface::declareBool(string _name)
-{
-	if (!m_constants.count(_name))
-	{
-		m_constants.insert(_name);
-		write("(declare-const |" + _name + "| Bool)");
-	}
-}
-
 void SMTLib2Interface::addAssertion(Expression const& _expr)
 {
 	write("(assert " + toSExpr(_expr) + ")");
@@ -156,6 +149,15 @@ string SMTLib2Interface::toSmtLibSort(Sort const& _sort)
 	}
 }
 
+string SMTLib2Interface::toSmtLibSort(vector<SortPointer> const& _sorts)
+{
+	string ssort("(");
+	for (auto const& sort: _sorts)
+		ssort += toSmtLibSort(*sort) + " ";
+	ssort += ")";
+	return ssort;
+}
+
 void SMTLib2Interface::write(string _data)
 {
 	solAssert(!m_accumulatedOutput.empty(), "");

libsolidity/formal/SMTLib2Interface.h

@@ -49,16 +49,17 @@ public:
 	void push() override;
 	void pop() override;
 
-	void declareFunction(std::string _name, std::vector<SortPointer> const& _domain, Sort const& _codomain) override;
-	void declareInteger(std::string _name) override;
-	void declareBool(std::string _name) override;
+	void declareVariable(std::string const&, Sort const&) override;
 
 	void addAssertion(Expression const& _expr) override;
 	std::pair<CheckResult, std::vector<std::string>> check(std::vector<Expression> const& _expressionsToEvaluate) override;
 
 private:
+	void declareFunction(std::string const&, Sort const&);
+
 	std::string toSExpr(Expression const& _expr);
 	std::string toSmtLibSort(Sort const& _sort);
+	std::string toSmtLibSort(std::vector<SortPointer> const& _sort);
 
 	void write(std::string _data);
 
@@ -70,8 +71,7 @@ private:
 
 	ReadCallback::Callback m_queryCallback;
 	std::vector<std::string> m_accumulatedOutput;
-	std::set<std::string> m_constants;
-	std::set<std::string> m_functions;
+	std::set<std::string> m_variables;
 };
 
 }

libsolidity/formal/SMTPortfolio.cpp

@@ -64,22 +64,10 @@ void SMTPortfolio::pop()
 		s->pop();
 }
 
-void SMTPortfolio::declareFunction(string _name, vector<SortPointer> const& _domain, Sort const& _codomain)
+void SMTPortfolio::declareVariable(string const& _name, Sort const& _sort)
 {
 	for (auto s : m_solvers)
-		s->declareFunction(_name, _domain, _codomain);
-}
-
-void SMTPortfolio::declareInteger(string _name)
-{
-	for (auto s : m_solvers)
-		s->declareInteger(_name);
-}
-
-void SMTPortfolio::declareBool(string _name)
-{
-	for (auto s : m_solvers)
-		s->declareBool(_name);
+		s->declareVariable(_name, _sort);
 }
 
 void SMTPortfolio::addAssertion(Expression const& _expr)

libsolidity/formal/SMTPortfolio.h

@@ -49,9 +49,7 @@ public:
 	void push() override;
 	void pop() override;
 
-	void declareFunction(std::string _name, std::vector<SortPointer> const& _domain, Sort const& _codomain) override;
-	void declareInteger(std::string _name) override;
-	void declareBool(std::string _name) override;
+	void declareVariable(std::string const&, Sort const&) override;
 
 	void addAssertion(Expression const& _expr) override;
 	std::pair<CheckResult, std::vector<std::string>> check(std::vector<Expression> const& _expressionsToEvaluate) override;

libsolidity/formal/SolverInterface.h

@@ -45,7 +45,8 @@ enum class CheckResult
 enum class Kind
 {
 	Int,
-	Bool
+	Bool,
+	Function
 };
 
 struct Sort
@@ -58,6 +59,25 @@ struct Sort
 };
 using SortPointer = std::shared_ptr<Sort>;
 
+struct FunctionSort: public Sort
+{
+	FunctionSort(std::vector<SortPointer> _domain, SortPointer _codomain):
+		Sort(Kind::Function), domain(std::move(_domain)), codomain(std::move(_codomain)) {}
+	std::vector<SortPointer> domain;
+	SortPointer codomain;
+	bool operator==(FunctionSort const& _other) const
+	{
+		if (!std::equal(
+			domain.begin(),
+			domain.end(),
+			_other.domain.begin(),
+			[&](SortPointer _a, SortPointer _b) { return *_a == *_b; }
+			)
+		)
+			return false;
+		return Sort::operator==(_other) && *codomain == *_other.codomain;
+	}
+};
 
 /// C++ representation of an SMTLIB2 expression.
 class Expression
@@ -162,10 +182,12 @@ public:
 	Expression operator()(std::vector<Expression> _arguments) const
 	{
 		solAssert(
-			arguments.empty(),
+			sort->kind == Kind::Function,
 			"Attempted function application to non-function."
 		);
-		return Expression(name, std::move(_arguments), sort);
+		auto fSort = dynamic_cast<FunctionSort const*>(sort.get());
+		solAssert(fSort, "");
+		return Expression(name, std::move(_arguments), fSort->codomain);
 	}
 
 	std::string name;
@@ -198,26 +220,12 @@ public:
 	virtual void push() = 0;
 	virtual void pop() = 0;
 
-	virtual void declareFunction(std::string _name, std::vector<SortPointer> const& _domain, Sort const& _codomain) = 0;
-	Expression newFunction(std::string _name, std::vector<SortPointer> const& _domain, Sort const& _codomain)
-	{
-		declareFunction(_name, _domain, _codomain);
-		// Subclasses should do something here
-		return Expression(std::move(_name), {}, _codomain.kind);
-	}
-	virtual void declareInteger(std::string _name) = 0;
-	Expression newInteger(std::string _name)
+	virtual void declareVariable(std::string const& _name, Sort const& _sort) = 0;
+	Expression newVariable(std::string _name, SortPointer _sort)
 	{
 		// Subclasses should do something here
-		declareInteger(_name);
-		return Expression(std::move(_name), {}, Kind::Int);
-	}
-	virtual void declareBool(std::string _name) = 0;
-	Expression newBool(std::string _name)
-	{
-		// Subclasses should do something here
-		declareBool(_name);
-		return Expression(std::move(_name), {}, Kind::Bool);
+		declareVariable(_name, *_sort);
+		return Expression(std::move(_name), {}, std::move(_sort));
 	}
 
 	virtual void addAssertion(Expression const& _expr) = 0;

libsolidity/formal/SymbolicTypes.cpp

@@ -32,10 +32,29 @@ smt::SortPointer dev::solidity::smtSort(Type const& _type)
 		return make_shared<smt::Sort>(smt::Kind::Int);
 	case smt::Kind::Bool:
 		return make_shared<smt::Sort>(smt::Kind::Bool);
+	case smt::Kind::Function:
+	{
+		auto fType = dynamic_cast<FunctionType const*>(&_type);
+		solAssert(fType, "");
+		vector<smt::SortPointer> parameterSorts = smtSort(fType->parameterTypes());
+		auto returnTypes = fType->returnParameterTypes();
+		// TODO remove this when we support tuples.
+		solAssert(returnTypes.size() == 1, "");
+		smt::SortPointer returnSort = smtSort(*returnTypes.at(0));
+		return make_shared<smt::FunctionSort>(parameterSorts, returnSort);
+	}
 	}
 	solAssert(false, "Invalid type");
 }
 
+vector<smt::SortPointer> dev::solidity::smtSort(vector<TypePointer> const& _types)
+{
+	vector<smt::SortPointer> sorts;
+	for (auto const& type: _types)
+		sorts.push_back(smtSort(*type));
+	return sorts;
+}
+
 smt::Kind dev::solidity::smtKind(Type::Category _category)
 {
 	if (isNumber(_category))

libsolidity/formal/SymbolicTypes.h

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ namespace solidity
 
 /// Returns the SMT sort that models the Solidity type _type.
 smt::SortPointer smtSort(Type const& _type);
+std::vector<smt::SortPointer> smtSort(std::vector<TypePointer> const& _types);
 /// Returns the SMT kind that models the Solidity type type category _category.
 smt::Kind smtKind(Type::Category _category);
 

libsolidity/formal/SymbolicVariables.cpp

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ SymbolicBoolVariable::SymbolicBoolVariable(
 
 smt::Expression SymbolicBoolVariable::valueAtIndex(int _index) const
 {
-	return m_interface.newBool(uniqueSymbol(_index));
+	return m_interface.newVariable(uniqueSymbol(_index), make_shared<smt::Sort>(smt::Kind::Bool));
 }
 
 void SymbolicBoolVariable::setZeroValue()
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ SymbolicIntVariable::SymbolicIntVariable(
 
 smt::Expression SymbolicIntVariable::valueAtIndex(int _index) const
 {
-	return m_interface.newInteger(uniqueSymbol(_index));
+	return m_interface.newVariable(uniqueSymbol(_index), make_shared<smt::Sort>(smt::Kind::Int));
 }
 
 void SymbolicIntVariable::setZeroValue()

libsolidity/formal/Z3Interface.cpp

@@ -51,22 +51,22 @@ void Z3Interface::pop()
 	m_solver.pop();
 }
 
-void Z3Interface::declareFunction(string _name, vector<SortPointer> const& _domain, Sort const& _codomain)
+void Z3Interface::declareVariable(string const& _name, Sort const& _sort)
 {
+	if (_sort.kind == Kind::Function)
+		declareFunction(_name, _sort);
+	else if (!m_constants.count(_name))
+		m_constants.insert({_name, m_context.constant(_name.c_str(), z3Sort(_sort))});
+}
+
+void Z3Interface::declareFunction(string const& _name, Sort const& _sort)
+{
+	solAssert(_sort.kind == smt::Kind::Function, "");
 	if (!m_functions.count(_name))
-		m_functions.insert({_name, m_context.function(_name.c_str(), z3Sort(_domain), z3Sort(_codomain))});
-}
-
-void Z3Interface::declareInteger(string _name)
 	{
-	if (!m_constants.count(_name))
-		m_constants.insert({_name, m_context.int_const(_name.c_str())});
+		FunctionSort fSort = dynamic_cast<FunctionSort const&>(_sort);
+		m_functions.insert({_name, m_context.function(_name.c_str(), z3Sort(fSort.domain), z3Sort(*fSort.codomain))});
 	}
-
-void Z3Interface::declareBool(string _name)
-{
-	if (!m_constants.count(_name))
-		m_constants.insert({_name, m_context.bool_const(_name.c_str())});
 }
 
 void Z3Interface::addAssertion(Expression const& _expr)

libsolidity/formal/Z3Interface.h

@@ -40,14 +40,14 @@ public:
 	void push() override;
 	void pop() override;
 
-	void declareFunction(std::string _name, std::vector<SortPointer> const& _domain, Sort const& _codomain) override;
-	void declareInteger(std::string _name) override;
-	void declareBool(std::string _name) override;
+	void declareVariable(std::string const& _name, Sort const& _sort) override;
 
 	void addAssertion(Expression const& _expr) override;
 	std::pair<CheckResult, std::vector<std::string>> check(std::vector<Expression> const& _expressionsToEvaluate) override;
 
 private:
+	void declareFunction(std::string const& _name, Sort const& _sort);
+
 	z3::expr toZ3Expr(Expression const& _expr);
 	z3::sort z3Sort(smt::Sort const& _sort);
 	z3::sort_vector z3Sort(std::vector<smt::SortPointer> const& _sorts);