core: 4844 opcode and precompile (#27356)

* core: crypto: implement BLOBHASH and pointEval precompile

* core: crypto: fixed nitpicks, moved precompile return value

* core/vm: fix review comments

cmd/evm/runner.go

@@ -128,6 +128,7 @@ func runCmd(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 		receiver      = common.BytesToAddress([]byte("receiver"))
 		genesisConfig *core.Genesis
 		preimages     = ctx.Bool(DumpFlag.Name)
+		blobHashes    []common.Hash // TODO (MariusVanDerWijden) implement blob hashes in state tests
 	)
 	if ctx.Bool(MachineFlag.Name) {
 		tracer = logger.NewJSONLogger(logconfig, os.Stdout)
@@ -217,6 +218,7 @@ func runCmd(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 		Time:        genesisConfig.Timestamp,
 		Coinbase:    genesisConfig.Coinbase,
 		BlockNumber: new(big.Int).SetUint64(genesisConfig.Number),
+		BlobHashes:  blobHashes,
 		EVMConfig: vm.Config{
 			Tracer: tracer,
 		},

core/evm.go

@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ func NewEVMTxContext(msg *Message) vm.TxContext {
 	return vm.TxContext{
 		Origin:     msg.From,
 		GasPrice:   new(big.Int).Set(msg.GasPrice),
+		BlobHashes: msg.BlobHashes,
 	}
 }
 

core/state_transition.go

@@ -135,6 +135,7 @@ type Message struct {
 	GasTipCap  *big.Int
 	Data       []byte
 	AccessList types.AccessList
+	BlobHashes []common.Hash
 
 	// When SkipAccountChecks is true, the message nonce is not checked against the
 	// account nonce in state. It also disables checking that the sender is an EOA.
@@ -155,6 +156,7 @@ func TransactionToMessage(tx *types.Transaction, s types.Signer, baseFee *big.In
 		Data:              tx.Data(),
 		AccessList:        tx.AccessList(),
 		SkipAccountChecks: false,
+		BlobHashes:        tx.BlobHashes(),
 	}
 	// If baseFee provided, set gasPrice to effectiveGasPrice.
 	if baseFee != nil {

core/vm/contracts.go

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 	"crypto/sha256"
 	"encoding/binary"
 	"errors"
+	"fmt"
 	"math/big"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/blake2b"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/bls12381"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/bn256"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/kzg4844"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
 	"golang.org/x/crypto/ripemd160"
 )
@@ -90,6 +92,21 @@ var PrecompiledContractsBerlin = map[common.Address]PrecompiledContract{
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{9}): &blake2F{},
 }
 
+// PrecompiledContractsCancun contains the default set of pre-compiled Ethereum
+// contracts used in the Cancun release.
+var PrecompiledContractsCancun = map[common.Address]PrecompiledContract{
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{1}):  &ecrecover{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{2}):  &sha256hash{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{3}):  &ripemd160hash{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{4}):  &dataCopy{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{5}):  &bigModExp{eip2565: true},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{6}):  &bn256AddIstanbul{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{7}):  &bn256ScalarMulIstanbul{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{8}):  &bn256PairingIstanbul{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{9}):  &blake2F{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{20}): &kzgPointEvaluation{},
+}
+
 // PrecompiledContractsBLS contains the set of pre-compiled Ethereum
 // contracts specified in EIP-2537. These are exported for testing purposes.
 var PrecompiledContractsBLS = map[common.Address]PrecompiledContract{
@@ -105,6 +122,7 @@ var PrecompiledContractsBLS = map[common.Address]PrecompiledContract{
 }
 
 var (
+	PrecompiledAddressesCancun    []common.Address
 	PrecompiledAddressesBerlin    []common.Address
 	PrecompiledAddressesIstanbul  []common.Address
 	PrecompiledAddressesByzantium []common.Address
@@ -124,11 +142,16 @@ func init() {
 	for k := range PrecompiledContractsBerlin {
 		PrecompiledAddressesBerlin = append(PrecompiledAddressesBerlin, k)
 	}
+	for k := range PrecompiledContractsCancun {
+		PrecompiledAddressesCancun = append(PrecompiledAddressesCancun, k)
+	}
 }
 
 // ActivePrecompiles returns the precompiles enabled with the current configuration.
 func ActivePrecompiles(rules params.Rules) []common.Address {
 	switch {
+	case rules.IsCancun:
+		return PrecompiledAddressesCancun
 	case rules.IsBerlin:
 		return PrecompiledAddressesBerlin
 	case rules.IsIstanbul:
@@ -1048,3 +1071,67 @@ func (c *bls12381MapG2) Run(input []byte) ([]byte, error) {
 	// Encode the G2 point to 256 bytes
 	return g.EncodePoint(r), nil
 }
+
+// kzgPointEvaluation implements the EIP-4844 point evaluation precompile.
+type kzgPointEvaluation struct{}
+
+// RequiredGas estimates the gas required for running the point evaluation precompile.
+func (b *kzgPointEvaluation) RequiredGas(input []byte) uint64 {
+	return params.BlobTxPointEvaluationPrecompileGas
+}
+
+const (
+	blobVerifyInputLength           = 192  // Max input length for the point evaluation precompile.
+	blobCommitmentVersionKZG  uint8 = 0x01 // Version byte for the point evaluation precompile.
+	blobPrecompileReturnValue       = "000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000100073eda753299d7d483339d80809a1d80553bda402fffe5bfeffffffff00000001"
+)
+
+var (
+	errBlobVerifyInvalidInputLength = errors.New("invalid input length")
+	errBlobVerifyMismatchedVersion  = errors.New("mismatched versioned hash")
+	errBlobVerifyKZGProof           = errors.New("error verifying kzg proof")
+)
+
+// Run executes the point evaluation precompile.
+func (b *kzgPointEvaluation) Run(input []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	if len(input) != blobVerifyInputLength {
+		return nil, errBlobVerifyInvalidInputLength
+	}
+	// versioned hash: first 32 bytes
+	var versionedHash common.Hash
+	copy(versionedHash[:], input[:])
+
+	var (
+		point kzg4844.Point
+		claim kzg4844.Claim
+	)
+	// Evaluation point: next 32 bytes
+	copy(point[:], input[32:])
+	// Expected output: next 32 bytes
+	copy(claim[:], input[64:])
+
+	// input kzg point: next 48 bytes
+	var commitment kzg4844.Commitment
+	copy(commitment[:], input[96:])
+	if kZGToVersionedHash(commitment) != versionedHash {
+		return nil, errBlobVerifyMismatchedVersion
+	}
+
+	// Proof: next 48 bytes
+	var proof kzg4844.Proof
+	copy(proof[:], input[144:])
+
+	if err := kzg4844.VerifyProof(commitment, point, claim, proof); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", errBlobVerifyKZGProof, err)
+	}
+
+	return common.Hex2Bytes(blobPrecompileReturnValue), nil
+}
+
+// kZGToVersionedHash implements kzg_to_versioned_hash from EIP-4844
+func kZGToVersionedHash(kzg kzg4844.Commitment) common.Hash {
+	h := sha256.Sum256(kzg[:])
+	h[0] = blobCommitmentVersionKZG
+
+	return h
+}

core/vm/contracts_test.go

@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ var allPrecompiles = map[common.Address]PrecompiledContract{
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{16}):   &bls12381Pairing{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{17}):   &bls12381MapG1{},
 	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{18}):   &bls12381MapG2{},
+	common.BytesToAddress([]byte{20}):   &kzgPointEvaluation{},
 }
 
 // EIP-152 test vectors
@@ -311,6 +312,7 @@ func TestPrecompiledBLS12381G2MultiExp(t *testing.T) { testJson("blsG2MultiExp",
 func TestPrecompiledBLS12381Pairing(t *testing.T)    { testJson("blsPairing", "10", t) }
 func TestPrecompiledBLS12381MapG1(t *testing.T)      { testJson("blsMapG1", "11", t) }
 func TestPrecompiledBLS12381MapG2(t *testing.T)      { testJson("blsMapG2", "12", t) }
+func TestPrecompiledPointEvaluation(t *testing.T)    { testJson("pointEvaluation", "14", t) }
 
 func BenchmarkPrecompiledBLS12381G1Add(b *testing.B)      { benchJson("blsG1Add", "0a", b) }
 func BenchmarkPrecompiledBLS12381G1Mul(b *testing.B)      { benchJson("blsG1Mul", "0b", b) }

core/vm/eips.go

@@ -235,9 +235,32 @@ func opPush0(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]by
 	return nil, nil
 }
 
-// ebnable3860 enables "EIP-3860: Limit and meter initcode"
+// enable3860 enables "EIP-3860: Limit and meter initcode"
 // https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3860
 func enable3860(jt *JumpTable) {
 	jt[CREATE].dynamicGas = gasCreateEip3860
 	jt[CREATE2].dynamicGas = gasCreate2Eip3860
 }
+
+// opBlobHash implements the BLOBHASH opcode
+func opBlobHash(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
+	index := scope.Stack.peek()
+	if index.LtUint64(uint64(len(interpreter.evm.TxContext.BlobHashes))) {
+		blobHash := interpreter.evm.TxContext.BlobHashes[index.Uint64()]
+		index.SetBytes32(blobHash[:])
+	} else {
+		index.Clear()
+	}
+	return nil, nil
+}
+
+// enable4844 applies EIP-4844 (DATAHASH opcode)
+func enable4844(jt *JumpTable) {
+	// New opcode
+	jt[BLOBHASH] = &operation{
+		execute:     opBlobHash,
+		constantGas: GasFastestStep,
+		minStack:    minStack(1, 1),
+		maxStack:    maxStack(1, 1),
+	}
+}

core/vm/evm.go

@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@ type (
 func (evm *EVM) precompile(addr common.Address) (PrecompiledContract, bool) {
 	var precompiles map[common.Address]PrecompiledContract
 	switch {
+	case evm.chainRules.IsCancun:
+		precompiles = PrecompiledContractsCancun
 	case evm.chainRules.IsBerlin:
 		precompiles = PrecompiledContractsBerlin
 	case evm.chainRules.IsIstanbul:
@@ -83,6 +85,7 @@ type TxContext struct {
 	// Message information
 	Origin     common.Address // Provides information for ORIGIN
 	GasPrice   *big.Int       // Provides information for GASPRICE
+	BlobHashes []common.Hash  // Provides information for BLOBHASH
 }
 
 // EVM is the Ethereum Virtual Machine base object and provides

core/vm/instructions_test.go

@@ -746,3 +746,45 @@ func TestRandom(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+func TestBlobHash(t *testing.T) {
+	type testcase struct {
+		name   string
+		idx    uint64
+		expect common.Hash
+		hashes []common.Hash
+	}
+	var (
+		zero  = common.Hash{0}
+		one   = common.Hash{1}
+		two   = common.Hash{2}
+		three = common.Hash{3}
+	)
+	for _, tt := range []testcase{
+		{name: "[{1}]", idx: 0, expect: one, hashes: []common.Hash{one}},
+		{name: "[1,{2},3]", idx: 2, expect: three, hashes: []common.Hash{one, two, three}},
+		{name: "out-of-bounds (empty)", idx: 10, expect: zero, hashes: []common.Hash{}},
+		{name: "out-of-bounds", idx: 25, expect: zero, hashes: []common.Hash{one, two, three}},
+		{name: "out-of-bounds (nil)", idx: 25, expect: zero, hashes: nil},
+	} {
+		var (
+			env            = NewEVM(BlockContext{}, TxContext{BlobHashes: tt.hashes}, nil, params.TestChainConfig, Config{})
+			stack          = newstack()
+			pc             = uint64(0)
+			evmInterpreter = env.interpreter
+		)
+		stack.push(uint256.NewInt(tt.idx))
+		opBlobHash(&pc, evmInterpreter, &ScopeContext{nil, stack, nil})
+		if len(stack.data) != 1 {
+			t.Errorf("Expected one item on stack after %v, got %d: ", tt.name, len(stack.data))
+		}
+		actual := stack.pop()
+		expected, overflow := uint256.FromBig(new(big.Int).SetBytes(tt.expect.Bytes()))
+		if overflow {
+			t.Errorf("Testcase %v: invalid overflow", tt.name)
+		}
+		if actual.Cmp(expected) != 0 {
+			t.Errorf("Testcase %v: expected  %x, got %x", tt.name, expected, actual)
+		}
+	}
+}

core/vm/interpreter.go

@@ -56,6 +56,8 @@ func NewEVMInterpreter(evm *EVM) *EVMInterpreter {
 	// If jump table was not initialised we set the default one.
 	var table *JumpTable
 	switch {
+	case evm.chainRules.IsCancun:
+		table = &cancunInstructionSet
 	case evm.chainRules.IsShanghai:
 		table = &shanghaiInstructionSet
 	case evm.chainRules.IsMerge:

core/vm/jump_table.go

@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ var (
 	londonInstructionSet           = newLondonInstructionSet()
 	mergeInstructionSet            = newMergeInstructionSet()
 	shanghaiInstructionSet         = newShanghaiInstructionSet()
+	cancunInstructionSet           = newCancunInstructionSet()
 )
 
 // JumpTable contains the EVM opcodes supported at a given fork.
@@ -79,6 +80,12 @@ func validate(jt JumpTable) JumpTable {
 	return jt
 }
 
+func newCancunInstructionSet() JumpTable {
+	instructionSet := newShanghaiInstructionSet()
+	enable4844(&instructionSet) // BLOBHASH opcode
+	return validate(instructionSet)
+}
+
 func newShanghaiInstructionSet() JumpTable {
 	instructionSet := newMergeInstructionSet()
 	enable3855(&instructionSet) // PUSH0 instruction

core/vm/opcodes.go

@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@ const (
 	CHAINID     OpCode = 0x46
 	SELFBALANCE OpCode = 0x47
 	BASEFEE     OpCode = 0x48
+	BLOBHASH    OpCode = 0x49
 )
 
 // 0x50 range - 'storage' and execution.
@@ -288,6 +289,7 @@ var opCodeToString = map[OpCode]string{
 	CHAINID:     "CHAINID",
 	SELFBALANCE: "SELFBALANCE",
 	BASEFEE:     "BASEFEE",
+	BLOBHASH:    "BLOBHASH",
 
 	// 0x50 range - 'storage' and execution.
 	POP:      "POP",
@@ -445,6 +447,7 @@ var stringToOp = map[string]OpCode{
 	"CALLDATACOPY":   CALLDATACOPY,
 	"CHAINID":        CHAINID,
 	"BASEFEE":        BASEFEE,
+	"BLOBHASH":       BLOBHASH,
 	"DELEGATECALL":   DELEGATECALL,
 	"STATICCALL":     STATICCALL,
 	"CODESIZE":       CODESIZE,

core/vm/runtime/env.go

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ func NewEnv(cfg *Config) *vm.EVM {
 	txContext := vm.TxContext{
 		Origin:     cfg.Origin,
 		GasPrice:   cfg.GasPrice,
+		BlobHashes: cfg.BlobHashes,
 	}
 	blockContext := vm.BlockContext{
 		CanTransfer: core.CanTransfer,

core/vm/runtime/runtime.go

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ type Config struct {
 	Debug       bool
 	EVMConfig   vm.Config
 	BaseFee     *big.Int
+	BlobHashes  []common.Hash
 
 	State     *state.StateDB
 	GetHashFn func(n uint64) common.Hash

core/vm/testdata/precompiles/pointEvaluation.json

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[
+    {
+        "Input": "013c03613f6fc558fb7e61e75602241ed9a2f04e36d8670aadd286e71b5ca9cc420000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000031e5a2356cbc2ef6a733eae8d54bf48719ae3d990017ca787c419c7d369f8e3c83fac17c3f237fc51f90e2c660eb202a438bc2025baded5cd193c1a018c5885bc9281ba704d5566082e851235c7be763b2a99adff965e0a121ee972ebc472d02944a74f5c6243e14052e105124b70bf65faf85ad3a494325e269fad097842cba",
+      "Expected": "000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000100073eda753299d7d483339d80809a1d80553bda402fffe5bfeffffffff00000001",
+      "Name": "pointEvaluation1",
+      "Gas": 50000,
+      "NoBenchmark": false
+    }
+  ]

params/protocol_params.go

@@ -166,6 +166,7 @@ const (
 	BlobTxDataGasPerBlob               = 1 << 17 // Gas consumption of a single data blob (== blob byte size)
 	BlobTxMinDataGasprice              = 1       // Minimum gas price for data blobs
 	BlobTxDataGaspriceUpdateFraction   = 2225652 // Controls the maximum rate of change for data gas price
+	BlobTxPointEvaluationPrecompileGas = 50000   // Gas price for the point evaluation precompile.
 )
 
 // Gas discount table for BLS12-381 G1 and G2 multi exponentiation operations