all: implement path-based state scheme (#25963)

* all: implement path-based state scheme

* all: edits from review

* core/rawdb, trie/triedb/pathdb: review changes

* core, light, trie, eth, tests: reimplement pbss history

* core, trie/triedb/pathdb: track block number in state history

* trie/triedb/pathdb: add history documentation

* core, trie/triedb/pathdb: address comments from Peter's review

Important changes to list:

- Cache trie nodes by path in clean cache
- Remove root->id mappings when history is truncated

* trie/triedb/pathdb: fallback to disk if unexpect node in clean cache

* core/rawdb: fix tests

* trie/triedb/pathdb: rename metrics, change clean cache key

* trie/triedb: manage the clean cache inside of disk layer

* trie/triedb/pathdb: move journal function

* trie/triedb/path: fix tests

* trie/triedb/pathdb: fix journal

* trie/triedb/pathdb: fix history

* trie/triedb/pathdb: try to fix tests on windows

* core, trie: address comments

* trie/triedb/pathdb: fix test issues

---------

Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>
Co-authored-by: Martin Holst Swende <martin@swende.se>

ethdb/database.go

@@ -114,14 +114,14 @@ type AncientWriter interface {
 
 	// TruncateHead discards all but the first n ancient data from the ancient store.
 	// After the truncation, the latest item can be accessed it item_n-1(start from 0).
-	TruncateHead(n uint64) error
+	TruncateHead(n uint64) (uint64, error)
 
 	// TruncateTail discards the first n ancient data from the ancient store. The already
 	// deleted items are ignored. After the truncation, the earliest item can be accessed
 	// is item_n(start from 0). The deleted items may not be removed from the ancient store
 	// immediately, but only when the accumulated deleted data reach the threshold then
 	// will be removed all together.
-	TruncateTail(n uint64) error
+	TruncateTail(n uint64) (uint64, error)
 
 	// Sync flushes all in-memory ancient store data to disk.
 	Sync() error

ethdb/remotedb/remotedb.go

@@ -98,11 +98,11 @@ func (db *Database) ModifyAncients(f func(ethdb.AncientWriteOp) error) (int64, e
 	panic("not supported")
 }
 
-func (db *Database) TruncateHead(n uint64) error {
+func (db *Database) TruncateHead(n uint64) (uint64, error) {
 	panic("not supported")
 }
 
-func (db *Database) TruncateTail(n uint64) error {
+func (db *Database) TruncateTail(n uint64) (uint64, error) {
 	panic("not supported")
 }