beacon/engine, eth/catalyst, miner: EIP-4788 CL/EL protocol updates (#27872)

This PR makes EIP-4788 work in the engine API and miner. It also fixes some bugs related to 
EIP-4844 block processing and mining. Changes in detail:

- Header.BeaconRoot has been renamed to ParentBeaconRoot.
- The engine API now implements forkchoiceUpdatedV3
- newPayloadV3 method has been updated with the parentBeaconBlockRoot parameter
- beacon root is now applied to new blocks in miner
- For EIP-4844, block creation now updates the blobGasUsed field of the header

internal/ethapi/api.go

@@ -1345,6 +1345,9 @@ func RPCMarshalHeader(head *types.Header) map[string]interface{} {
 	if head.ExcessBlobGas != nil {
 		result["excessBlobGas"] = hexutil.Uint64(*head.ExcessBlobGas)
 	}
+	if head.ParentBeaconRoot != nil {
+		result["parentBeaconBlockRoot"] = head.ParentBeaconRoot
+	}
 	return result
 }