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README.md: improve grammar (#25646)

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Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>
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@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ directory.
| **`geth`** | Our main Ethereum CLI client. It is the entry point into the Ethereum network (main-, test- or private net), capable of running as a full node (default), archive node (retaining all historical state) or a light node (retrieving data live). It can be used by other processes as a gateway into the Ethereum network via JSON RPC endpoints exposed on top of HTTP, WebSocket and/or IPC transports. `geth --help` and the [CLI page](https://geth.ethereum.org/docs/interface/command-line-options) for command line options. | | **`geth`** | Our main Ethereum CLI client. It is the entry point into the Ethereum network (main-, test- or private net), capable of running as a full node (default), archive node (retaining all historical state) or a light node (retrieving data live). It can be used by other processes as a gateway into the Ethereum network via JSON RPC endpoints exposed on top of HTTP, WebSocket and/or IPC transports. `geth --help` and the [CLI page](https://geth.ethereum.org/docs/interface/command-line-options) for command line options. |
| `clef` | Stand-alone signing tool, which can be used as a backend signer for `geth`. | | `clef` | Stand-alone signing tool, which can be used as a backend signer for `geth`. |
| `devp2p` | Utilities to interact with nodes on the networking layer, without running a full blockchain. | | `devp2p` | Utilities to interact with nodes on the networking layer, without running a full blockchain. |
| `abigen` | Source code generator to convert Ethereum contract definitions into easy to use, compile-time type-safe Go packages. It operates on plain [Ethereum contract ABIs](https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/develop/abi-spec.html) with expanded functionality if the contract bytecode is also available. However, it also accepts Solidity source files, making development much more streamlined. Please see our [Native DApps](https://geth.ethereum.org/docs/dapp/native-bindings) page for details. | | `abigen` | Source code generator to convert Ethereum contract definitions into easy-to-use, compile-time type-safe Go packages. It operates on plain [Ethereum contract ABIs](https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/develop/abi-spec.html) with expanded functionality if the contract bytecode is also available. However, it also accepts Solidity source files, making development much more streamlined. Please see our [Native DApps](https://geth.ethereum.org/docs/dapp/native-bindings) page for details. |
| `bootnode` | Stripped down version of our Ethereum client implementation that only takes part in the network node discovery protocol, but does not run any of the higher level application protocols. It can be used as a lightweight bootstrap node to aid in finding peers in private networks. | | `bootnode` | Stripped down version of our Ethereum client implementation that only takes part in the network node discovery protocol, but does not run any of the higher level application protocols. It can be used as a lightweight bootstrap node to aid in finding peers in private networks. |
| `evm` | Developer utility version of the EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) that is capable of running bytecode snippets within a configurable environment and execution mode. Its purpose is to allow isolated, fine-grained debugging of EVM opcodes (e.g. `evm --code 60ff60ff --debug run`). | | `evm` | Developer utility version of the EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) that is capable of running bytecode snippets within a configurable environment and execution mode. Its purpose is to allow isolated, fine-grained debugging of EVM opcodes (e.g. `evm --code 60ff60ff --debug run`). |
| `rlpdump` | Developer utility tool to convert binary RLP ([Recursive Length Prefix](https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/data-structures-and-encoding/rlp)) dumps (data encoding used by the Ethereum protocol both network as well as consensus wise) to user-friendlier hierarchical representation (e.g. `rlpdump --hex CE0183FFFFFFC4C304050583616263`). | | `rlpdump` | Developer utility tool to convert binary RLP ([Recursive Length Prefix](https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/data-structures-and-encoding/rlp)) dumps (data encoding used by the Ethereum protocol both network as well as consensus wise) to user-friendlier hierarchical representation (e.g. `rlpdump --hex CE0183FFFFFFC4C304050583616263`). |
@ -65,14 +65,14 @@ Recommended:
* Fast CPU with 4+ cores * Fast CPU with 4+ cores
* 16GB+ RAM * 16GB+ RAM
* High Performance SSD with at least 1TB free space * High-performance SSD with at least 1TB of free space
* 25+ MBit/sec download Internet service * 25+ MBit/sec download Internet service
### Full node on the main Ethereum network ### Full node on the main Ethereum network
By far the most common scenario is people wanting to simply interact with the Ethereum By far the most common scenario is people wanting to simply interact with the Ethereum
network: create accounts; transfer funds; deploy and interact with contracts. For this network: create accounts; transfer funds; deploy and interact with contracts. For this
particular use-case the user doesn't care about years-old historical data, so we can particular use case, the user doesn't care about years-old historical data, so we can
sync quickly to the current state of the network. To do so: sync quickly to the current state of the network. To do so:
```shell ```shell
@ -83,11 +83,11 @@ This command will:
* Start `geth` in snap sync mode (default, can be changed with the `--syncmode` flag), * Start `geth` in snap sync mode (default, can be changed with the `--syncmode` flag),
causing it to download more data in exchange for avoiding processing the entire history causing it to download more data in exchange for avoiding processing the entire history
of the Ethereum network, which is very CPU intensive. of the Ethereum network, which is very CPU intensive.
* Start up `geth`'s built-in interactive [JavaScript console](https://geth.ethereum.org/docs/interface/javascript-console), * Start the built-in interactive [JavaScript console](https://geth.ethereum.org/docs/interface/javascript-console),
(via the trailing `console` subcommand) through which you can interact using [`web3` methods](https://github.com/ChainSafe/web3.js/blob/0.20.7/DOCUMENTATION.md) (via the trailing `console` subcommand) through which you can interact using [`web3` methods](https://github.com/ChainSafe/web3.js/blob/0.20.7/DOCUMENTATION.md)
(note: the `web3` version bundled within `geth` is very old, and not up to date with official docs), (note: the `web3` version bundled within `geth` is very old, and not up to date with official docs),
as well as `geth`'s own [management APIs](https://geth.ethereum.org/docs/rpc/server). as well as `geth`'s own [management APIs](https://geth.ethereum.org/docs/rpc/server).
This tool is optional and if you leave it out you can always attach to an already running This tool is optional and if you leave it out you can always attach it to an already running
`geth` instance with `geth attach`. `geth` instance with `geth attach`.
### A Full node on the Görli test network ### A Full node on the Görli test network
@ -102,12 +102,12 @@ the main network, but with play-Ether only.
$ geth --goerli console $ geth --goerli console
``` ```
The `console` subcommand has the exact same meaning as above and they are equally The `console` subcommand has the same meaning as above and is equally
useful on the testnet too. Please, see above for their explanations if you've skipped here. useful on the testnet too.
Specifying the `--goerli` flag, however, will reconfigure your `geth` instance a bit: Specifying the `--goerli` flag, however, will reconfigure your `geth` instance a bit:
* Instead of connecting the main Ethereum network, the client will connect to the Görli * Instead of connecting to the main Ethereum network, the client will connect to the Görli
test network, which uses different P2P bootnodes, different network IDs and genesis test network, which uses different P2P bootnodes, different network IDs and genesis
states. states.
* Instead of using the default data directory (`~/.ethereum` on Linux for example), `geth` * Instead of using the default data directory (`~/.ethereum` on Linux for example), `geth`
@ -118,9 +118,9 @@ Specifying the `--goerli` flag, however, will reconfigure your `geth` instance a
`geth attach <datadir>/goerli/geth.ipc`. Windows users are not affected by `geth attach <datadir>/goerli/geth.ipc`. Windows users are not affected by
this. this.
*Note: Although there are some internal protective measures to prevent transactions from *Note: Although some internal protective measures prevent transactions from
crossing over between the main network and test network, you should make sure to always crossing over between the main network and test network, you should always
use separate accounts for play-money and real-money. Unless you manually move use separate accounts for play and real money. Unless you manually move
accounts, `geth` will by default correctly separate the two networks and will not make any accounts, `geth` will by default correctly separate the two networks and will not make any
accounts available between them.* accounts available between them.*
@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ configuration file via:
$ geth --config /path/to/your_config.toml $ geth --config /path/to/your_config.toml
``` ```
To get an idea how the file should look like you can use the `dumpconfig` subcommand to To get an idea of how the file should look like you can use the `dumpconfig` subcommand to
export your existing configuration: export your existing configuration:
```shell ```shell
@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ docker run -d --name ethereum-node -v /Users/alice/ethereum:/root \
ethereum/client-go ethereum/client-go
``` ```
This will start `geth` in snap-sync mode with a DB memory allowance of 1GB just as the This will start `geth` in snap-sync mode with a DB memory allowance of 1GB, as the
above command does. It will also create a persistent volume in your home directory for above command does. It will also create a persistent volume in your home directory for
saving your blockchain as well as map the default ports. There is also an `alpine` tag saving your blockchain as well as map the default ports. There is also an `alpine` tag
available for a slim version of the image. available for a slim version of the image.
@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ HTTP based JSON-RPC API options:
* `--ws.addr` WS-RPC server listening interface (default: `localhost`) * `--ws.addr` WS-RPC server listening interface (default: `localhost`)
* `--ws.port` WS-RPC server listening port (default: `8546`) * `--ws.port` WS-RPC server listening port (default: `8546`)
* `--ws.api` API's offered over the WS-RPC interface (default: `eth,net,web3`) * `--ws.api` API's offered over the WS-RPC interface (default: `eth,net,web3`)
* `--ws.origins` Origins from which to accept websockets requests * `--ws.origins` Origins from which to accept WebSocket requests
* `--ipcdisable` Disable the IPC-RPC server * `--ipcdisable` Disable the IPC-RPC server
* `--ipcapi` API's offered over the IPC-RPC interface (default: `admin,debug,eth,miner,net,personal,txpool,web3`) * `--ipcapi` API's offered over the IPC-RPC interface (default: `admin,debug,eth,miner,net,personal,txpool,web3`)
* `--ipcpath` Filename for IPC socket/pipe within the datadir (explicit paths escape it) * `--ipcpath` Filename for IPC socket/pipe within the datadir (explicit paths escape it)
@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ requiring an OpenCL or CUDA enabled `ethminer` instance. For information on such
setup, please consult the [EtherMining subreddit](https://www.reddit.com/r/EtherMining/) setup, please consult the [EtherMining subreddit](https://www.reddit.com/r/EtherMining/)
and the [ethminer](https://github.com/ethereum-mining/ethminer) repository. and the [ethminer](https://github.com/ethereum-mining/ethminer) repository.
In a private network setting, however a single CPU miner instance is more than enough for In a private network setting, however, a single CPU miner instance is more than enough for
practical purposes as it can produce a stable stream of blocks at the correct intervals practical purposes as it can produce a stable stream of blocks at the correct intervals
without needing heavy resources (consider running on a single thread, no need for multiple without needing heavy resources (consider running on a single thread, no need for multiple
ones either). To start a `geth` instance for mining, run it with all your usual flags, extended ones either). To start a `geth` instance for mining, run it with all your usual flags, extended
@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ transactions are accepted at (`--miner.gasprice`).
## Contribution ## Contribution
Thank you for considering to help out with the source code! We welcome contributions Thank you for considering helping out with the source code! We welcome contributions
from anyone on the internet, and are grateful for even the smallest of fixes! from anyone on the internet, and are grateful for even the smallest of fixes!
If you'd like to contribute to go-ethereum, please fork, fix, commit and send a pull request If you'd like to contribute to go-ethereum, please fork, fix, commit and send a pull request
@ -374,6 +374,6 @@ The go-ethereum library (i.e. all code outside of the `cmd` directory) is licens
[GNU Lesser General Public License v3.0](https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-3.0.en.html), [GNU Lesser General Public License v3.0](https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-3.0.en.html),
also included in our repository in the `COPYING.LESSER` file. also included in our repository in the `COPYING.LESSER` file.
The go-ethereum binaries (i.e. all code inside of the `cmd` directory) is licensed under the The go-ethereum binaries (i.e. all code inside of the `cmd` directory) are licensed under the
[GNU General Public License v3.0](https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html), also [GNU General Public License v3.0](https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html), also
included in our repository in the `COPYING` file. included in our repository in the `COPYING` file.