diff --git a/itests/harmonydb_test.go b/itests/harmonydb_test.go
index 9e09691da..b52a2aa8f 100644
--- a/itests/harmonydb_test.go
+++ b/itests/harmonydb_test.go
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ func TestCrud(t *testing.T) {
 
 	withSetup(t, func(miner *kit.TestMiner) {
 		cdb := miner.BaseAPI.(*impl.StorageMinerAPI).HarmonyDB
-		err := cdb.Exec(ctx, `
+		_, err := cdb.Exec(ctx, `
 			INSERT INTO 
 				itest_scratch (some_int, content) 
 			VALUES 
@@ -65,11 +65,11 @@ func TestTransaction(t *testing.T) {
 
 	withSetup(t, func(miner *kit.TestMiner) {
 		cdb := miner.BaseAPI.(*impl.StorageMinerAPI).HarmonyDB
-		if err := cdb.Exec(ctx, "INSERT INTO itest_scratch (some_int) VALUES (4), (5), (6)"); err != nil {
+		if _, err := cdb.Exec(ctx, "INSERT INTO itest_scratch (some_int) VALUES (4), (5), (6)"); err != nil {
 			t.Fatal("E0", err)
 		}
-		err := cdb.BeginTransaction(ctx, func(tx *harmonydb.Transaction) (commit bool) {
-			if err := tx.Exec(ctx, "INSERT INTO itest_scratch (some_int) VALUES (7), (8), (9)"); err != nil {
+		_, err := cdb.BeginTransaction(ctx, func(tx *harmonydb.Tx) (commit bool) {
+			if _, err := tx.Exec("INSERT INTO itest_scratch (some_int) VALUES (7), (8), (9)"); err != nil {
 				t.Fatal("E1", err)
 			}
 
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ func TestTransaction(t *testing.T) {
 
 			// sum2 is from INSIDE the transaction, so the updated value.
 			var sum2 int
-			if err := tx.QueryRow(ctx, "SELECT SUM(some_int) FROM itest_scratch").Scan(&sum2); err != nil {
+			if err := tx.QueryRow("SELECT SUM(some_int) FROM itest_scratch").Scan(&sum2); err != nil {
 				t.Fatal("E3", err)
 			}
 			if sum2 != 4+5+6+7+8+9 {
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ func TestPartialWalk(t *testing.T) {
 
 	withSetup(t, func(miner *kit.TestMiner) {
 		cdb := miner.BaseAPI.(*impl.StorageMinerAPI).HarmonyDB
-		if err := cdb.Exec(ctx, `
+		if _, err := cdb.Exec(ctx, `
 			INSERT INTO 
 				itest_scratch (content, some_int) 
 			VALUES 
diff --git a/lib/harmony/harmonydb/harmonydb.go b/lib/harmony/harmonydb/harmonydb.go
index 702a97681..fd31e7a13 100644
--- a/lib/harmony/harmonydb/harmonydb.go
+++ b/lib/harmony/harmonydb/harmonydb.go
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ var fs embed.FS
 func (db *DB) upgrade() error {
 	// Does the version table exist? if not, make it.
 	// NOTE: This cannot change except via the next sql file.
-	err := db.Exec(context.Background(), `CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS base (
+	_, err := db.Exec(context.Background(), `CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS base (
 		id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
 		entry CHAR(12),
 		applied TIMESTAMP DEFAULT current_timestamp
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ func (db *DB) upgrade() error {
 		}
 
 		// Mark Completed.
-		err = db.Exec(context.Background(), "INSERT INTO base (entry) VALUES ($1)", name)
+		_, err = db.Exec(context.Background(), "INSERT INTO base (entry) VALUES ($1)", name)
 		if err != nil {
 			db.log("Cannot update base: " + err.Error())
 			return fmt.Errorf("cannot insert into base: %w", err)
diff --git a/lib/harmony/harmonydb/userfuncs.go b/lib/harmony/harmonydb/userfuncs.go
index 8eebdd607..4d35fd8ca 100644
--- a/lib/harmony/harmonydb/userfuncs.go
+++ b/lib/harmony/harmonydb/userfuncs.go
@@ -7,15 +7,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/jackc/pgx/v5"
 )
 
-type Intf interface {
-	ITestDeleteAll()
-	Exec(ctx context.Context, sql rawStringOnly, arguments ...any) error
-	Query(ctx context.Context, sql rawStringOnly, arguments ...any) (*Query, error)
-	QueryRow(ctx context.Context, sql rawStringOnly, arguments ...any) Row
-	Select(ctx context.Context, sliceOfStructPtr any, sql rawStringOnly, arguments ...any) error
-	BeginTransaction(ctx context.Context, f func(t *Transaction) (commit bool)) (retErr error)
-}
-
 // rawStringOnly is _intentionally_private_ to force only basic strings in SQL queries.
 // In any package, raw strings will satisfy compilation.  Ex:
 //
@@ -27,9 +18,9 @@ type rawStringOnly string
 // Exec executes changes (INSERT, DELETE,  or UPDATE).
 // Note, for CREATE & DROP please keep these permanent and express
 // them in the ./sql/ files (next number).
-func (db *DB) Exec(ctx context.Context, sql rawStringOnly, arguments ...any) error {
-	_, err := db.pgx.Exec(ctx, string(sql), arguments...)
-	return err
+func (db *DB) Exec(ctx context.Context, sql rawStringOnly, arguments ...any) (count int, err error) {
+	res, err := db.pgx.Exec(ctx, string(sql), arguments...)
+	return int(res.RowsAffected()), err
 }
 
 type Qry interface {
@@ -101,17 +92,18 @@ func (db *DB) Select(ctx context.Context, sliceOfStructPtr any, sql rawStringOnl
 	return pgxscan.Select(ctx, db.pgx, sliceOfStructPtr, string(sql), arguments...)
 }
 
-type Transaction struct {
+type Tx struct {
 	pgx.Tx
+	ctx context.Context
 }
 
 // BeginTransaction is how you can access transactions using this library.
 // The entire transaction happens in the function passed in.
 // The return must be true or a rollback will occur.
-func (db *DB) BeginTransaction(ctx context.Context, f func(t *Transaction) (commit bool)) (retErr error) {
+func (db *DB) BeginTransaction(ctx context.Context, f func(*Tx) (commit bool)) (didCommit bool, retErr error) {
 	tx, err := db.pgx.BeginTx(ctx, pgx.TxOptions{})
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return false, err
 	}
 	var commit bool
 	defer func() { // Panic clean-up.
@@ -119,31 +111,35 @@ func (db *DB) BeginTransaction(ctx context.Context, f func(t *Transaction) (comm
 			retErr = tx.Rollback(ctx)
 		}
 	}()
-	commit = f(&Transaction{tx})
+	commit = f(&Tx{tx, ctx})
 	if commit {
-		return tx.Commit(ctx)
+		err := tx.Commit(ctx)
+		if err != nil {
+			return false, err
+		}
+		return true, nil
 	}
-	return nil
+	return false, nil
 }
 
 // Exec in a transaction.
-func (t *Transaction) Exec(ctx context.Context, sql rawStringOnly, arguments ...any) error {
-	_, err := t.Tx.Exec(ctx, string(sql), arguments...)
-	return err
+func (t *Tx) Exec(sql rawStringOnly, arguments ...any) (count int, err error) {
+	res, err := t.Tx.Exec(t.ctx, string(sql), arguments...)
+	return int(res.RowsAffected()), err
 }
 
 // Query in a transaction.
-func (t *Transaction) Query(ctx context.Context, sql rawStringOnly, arguments ...any) (*Query, error) {
-	q, err := t.Tx.Query(ctx, string(sql), arguments...)
+func (t *Tx) Query(sql rawStringOnly, arguments ...any) (*Query, error) {
+	q, err := t.Tx.Query(t.ctx, string(sql), arguments...)
 	return &Query{q}, err
 }
 
 // QueryRow in a transaction.
-func (t *Transaction) QueryRow(ctx context.Context, sql rawStringOnly, arguments ...any) Row {
-	return t.Tx.QueryRow(ctx, string(sql), arguments...)
+func (t *Tx) QueryRow(sql rawStringOnly, arguments ...any) Row {
+	return t.Tx.QueryRow(t.ctx, string(sql), arguments...)
 }
 
 // Select in a transaction.
-func (t *Transaction) Select(ctx context.Context, sliceOfStructPtr any, sql rawStringOnly, arguments ...any) error {
-	return pgxscan.Select(ctx, t.Tx, sliceOfStructPtr, string(sql), arguments...)
+func (t *Tx) Select(sliceOfStructPtr any, sql rawStringOnly, arguments ...any) error {
+	return pgxscan.Select(t.ctx, t.Tx, sliceOfStructPtr, string(sql), arguments...)
 }