## Proposed Changes
Implement the consensus changes necessary for the upcoming Altair hard fork.
## Additional Info
This is quite a heavy refactor, with pivotal types like the `BeaconState` and `BeaconBlock` changing from structs to enums. This ripples through the whole codebase with field accesses changing to methods, e.g. `state.slot` => `state.slot()`.
Co-authored-by: realbigsean <seananderson33@gmail.com>
## Issue Addressed
Resolves#1100
## Proposed Changes
* Implement the `SafeArith` trait for `Slot` and `Epoch`, so that methods like `safe_add` become available.
* Tweak the `SafeArith` trait to allow a different `Rhs` type (analagous to `std::ops::Add`, etc).
* Add a `legacy-arith` feature to `types` and `state_processing` that conditionally enables implementations of
the `std` ops with saturating semantics.
* Check compilation of `types` and `state_processing` _without_ `legacy-arith` on CI,
thus guaranteeing that they only use the `SafeArith` primitives 🎉
## Additional Info
The `legacy-arith` feature gets turned on by all higher-level crates that depend on `state_processing` or `types`, thus allowing the beacon chain, networking, and other components to continue to rely on the availability of ops like `+`, `-`, `*`, etc.
**This is a consensus-breaking change**, but brings us in line with the spec, and our incompatibilities shouldn't have been reachable with any valid configuration of Eth2 parameters.
