## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
Adds the ability to verify batches of aggregated/unaggregated attestations from the network.
When the `BeaconProcessor` finds there are messages in the aggregated or unaggregated attestation queues, it will first check the length of the queue:
- `== 1` verify the attestation individually.
- `>= 2` take up to 64 of those attestations and verify them in a batch.
Notably, we only perform batch verification if the queue has a backlog. We don't apply any artificial delays to attestations to try and force them into batches.
### Batching Details
To assist with implementing batches we modify `beacon_chain::attestation_verification` to have two distinct categories for attestations:
- *Indexed* attestations: those which have passed initial validation and were valid enough for us to derive an `IndexedAttestation`.
- *Verified* attestations: those attestations which were indexed *and also* passed signature verification. These are well-formed, interesting messages which were signed by validators.
The batching functions accept `n` attestations and then return `n` attestation verification `Result`s, where those `Result`s can be any combination of `Ok` or `Err`. In other words, we attempt to verify as many attestations as possible and return specific per-attestation results so peer scores can be updated, if required.
When we batch verify attestations, we first try to map all those attestations to *indexed* attestations. If any of those attestations were able to be indexed, we then perform batch BLS verification on those indexed attestations. If the batch verification succeeds, we convert them into *verified* attestations, disabling individual signature checking. If the batch fails, we convert to verified attestations with individual signature checking enabled.
Ultimately, we optimistically try to do a batch verification of attestation signatures and fall-back to individual verification if it fails. This opens an attach vector for "poisoning" the attestations and causing us to waste a batch verification. I argue that peer scoring should do a good-enough job of defending against this and the typical-case gains massively outweigh the worst-case losses.
## Additional Info
Before this PR, attestation verification took the attestations by value (instead of by reference). It turns out that this was unnecessary and, in my opinion, resulted in some undesirable ergonomics (e.g., we had to pass the attestation back in the `Err` variant to avoid clones). In this PR I've modified attestation verification so that it now takes a reference.
I refactored the `beacon_chain/tests/attestation_verification.rs` tests so they use a builder-esque "tester" struct instead of a weird macro. It made it easier for me to test individual/batch with the same set of tests and I think it was a nice tidy-up. Notably, I did this last to try and make sure my new refactors to *actual* production code would pass under the existing test suite.
## Issue Addressed
Closes#1891Closes#1784
## Proposed Changes
Implement checkpoint sync for Lighthouse, enabling it to start from a weak subjectivity checkpoint.
## Additional Info
- [x] Return unavailable status for out-of-range blocks requested by peers (#2561)
- [x] Implement sync daemon for fetching historical blocks (#2561)
- [x] Verify chain hashes (either in `historical_blocks.rs` or the calling module)
- [x] Consistency check for initial block + state
- [x] Fetch the initial state and block from a beacon node HTTP endpoint
- [x] Don't crash fetching beacon states by slot from the API
- [x] Background service for state reconstruction, triggered by CLI flag or API call.
Considered out of scope for this PR:
- Drop the requirement to provide the `--checkpoint-block` (this would require some pretty heavy refactoring of block verification)
Co-authored-by: Diva M <divma@protonmail.com>
## Issue Addressed
Related to: #2259
Made an attempt at all the necessary updates here to publish the crates to crates.io. I incremented the minor versions on all the crates that have been previously published. We still might run into some issues as we try to publish because I'm not able to test this out but I think it's a good starting point.
## Proposed Changes
- Add description and license to `ssz_types` and `serde_util`
- rename `serde_util` to `eth2_serde_util`
- increment minor versions
- remove path dependencies
- remove patch dependencies
## Additional Info
Crates published:
- [x] `tree_hash` -- need to publish `tree_hash_derive` and `eth2_hashing` first
- [x] `eth2_ssz_types` -- need to publish `eth2_serde_util` first
- [x] `tree_hash_derive`
- [x] `eth2_ssz`
- [x] `eth2_ssz_derive`
- [x] `eth2_serde_util`
- [x] `eth2_hashing`
Co-authored-by: realbigsean <seananderson33@gmail.com>
## Issue Addressed
Closes#2526
## Proposed Changes
If the head block fails to decode on start up, do two things:
1. Revert all blocks between the head and the most recent hard fork (to `fork_slot - 1`).
2. Reset fork choice so that it contains the new head, and all blocks back to the new head's finalized checkpoint.
## Additional Info
I tweaked some of the beacon chain test harness stuff in order to make it generic enough to test with a non-zero slot clock on start-up. In the process I consolidated all the various `new_` methods into a single generic one which will hopefully serve all future uses 🤞
## Proposed Changes
Implement the consensus changes necessary for the upcoming Altair hard fork.
## Additional Info
This is quite a heavy refactor, with pivotal types like the `BeaconState` and `BeaconBlock` changing from structs to enums. This ripples through the whole codebase with field accesses changing to methods, e.g. `state.slot` => `state.slot()`.
Co-authored-by: realbigsean <seananderson33@gmail.com>
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Primary Change
When investigating memory usage, I noticed that retrieving a block from an early slot (e.g., slot 900) would cause a sharp increase in the memory footprint (from 400mb to 800mb+) which seemed to be ever-lasting.
After some investigation, I found that the reverse iteration from the head back to that slot was the likely culprit. To counter this, I've switched the `BeaconChain::block_root_at_slot` to use the forwards iterator, instead of the reverse one.
I also noticed that the networking stack is using `BeaconChain::root_at_slot` to check if a peer is relevant (`check_peer_relevance`). Perhaps the steep, seemingly-random-but-consistent increases in memory usage are caused by the use of this function.
Using the forwards iterator with the HTTP API alleviated the sharp increases in memory usage. It also made the response much faster (before it felt like to took 1-2s, now it feels instant).
## Additional Changes
In the process I also noticed that we have two functions for getting block roots:
- `BeaconChain::block_root_at_slot`: returns `None` for a skip slot.
- `BeaconChain::root_at_slot`: returns the previous root for a skip slot.
I unified these two functions into `block_root_at_slot` and added the `WhenSlotSkipped` enum. Now, the caller must be explicit about the skip-slot behaviour when requesting a root.
Additionally, I replaced `vec![]` with `Vec::with_capacity` in `store::chunked_vector::range_query`. I stumbled across this whilst debugging and made this modification to see what effect it would have (not much). It seems like a decent change to keep around, but I'm not concerned either way.
Also, `BeaconChain::get_ancestor_block_root` is unused, so I got rid of it 🗑️.
## Additional Info
I haven't also done the same for state roots here. Whilst it's possible and a good idea, it's more work since the fwds iterators are presently block-roots-specific.
Whilst there's a few places a reverse iteration of state roots could be triggered (e.g., attestation production, HTTP API), they're no where near as common as the `check_peer_relevance` call. As such, I think we should get this PR merged first, then come back for the state root iters. I made an issue here https://github.com/sigp/lighthouse/issues/2377.
## Issue Addressed
Closes#2052
## Proposed Changes
- Refactor the attester/proposer duties endpoints in the BN
- Performance improvements
- Fixes some potential inconsistencies with the dependent root fields.
- Removes `http_api::beacon_proposer_cache` and just uses the one on the `BeaconChain` instead.
- Move the code for the proposer/attester duties endpoints into separate files, for readability.
- Refactor the `DutiesService` in the VC
- Required to reduce the delay on broadcasting new blocks.
- Gets rid of the `ValidatorDuty` shim struct that came about when we adopted the standard API.
- Separate block/attestation duty tasks so that they don't block each other when one is slow.
- In the VC, use `PublicKeyBytes` to represent validators instead of `PublicKey`. `PublicKey` is a legit crypto object whilst `PublicKeyBytes` is just a byte-array, it's much faster to clone/hash `PublicKeyBytes` and this change has had a significant impact on runtimes.
- Unfortunately this has created lots of dust changes.
- In the BN, store `PublicKeyBytes` in the `beacon_proposer_cache` and allow access to them. The HTTP API always sends `PublicKeyBytes` over the wire and the conversion from `PublicKey` -> `PublickeyBytes` is non-trivial, especially when queries have 100s/1000s of validators (like Pyrmont).
- Add the `state_processing::state_advance` mod which dedups a lot of the "apply `n` skip slots to the state" code.
- This also fixes a bug with some functions which were failing to include a state root as per [this comment](072695284f/consensus/state_processing/src/state_advance.rs (L69-L74)). I couldn't find any instance of this bug that resulted in anything more severe than keying a shuffling cache by the wrong block root.
- Swap the VC block service to use `mpsc` from `tokio` instead of `futures`. This is consistent with the rest of the code base.
~~This PR *reduces* the size of the codebase 🎉~~ It *used* to reduce the size of the code base before I added more comments.
## Observations on Prymont
- Proposer duties times down from peaks of 450ms to consistent <1ms.
- Current epoch attester duties times down from >1s peaks to a consistent 20-30ms.
- Block production down from +600ms to 100-200ms.
## Additional Info
- ~~Blocked on #2241~~
- ~~Blocked on #2234~~
## TODO
- [x] ~~Refactor this into some smaller PRs?~~ Leaving this as-is for now.
- [x] Address `per_slot_processing` roots.
- [x] Investigate slow next epoch times. Not getting added to cache on block processing?
- [x] Consider [this](072695284f/beacon_node/store/src/hot_cold_store.rs (L811-L812)) in the scenario of replacing the state roots
Co-authored-by: pawan <pawandhananjay@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Michael Sproul <michael@sigmaprime.io>
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
Add an optimization to perform `per_slot_processing` from the *leading-edge* of block processing to the *trailing-edge*. Ultimately, this allows us to import the block at slot `n` faster because we used the tail-end of slot `n - 1` to perform `per_slot_processing`.
Additionally, add a "block proposer cache" which allows us to cache the block proposer for some epoch. Since we're now doing trailing-edge `per_slot_processing`, we can prime this cache with the values for the next epoch before those blocks arrive (assuming those blocks don't have some weird forking).
There were several ancillary changes required to achieve this:
- Remove the `state_root` field of `BeaconSnapshot`, since there's no need to know it on a `pre_state` and in all other cases we can just read it from `block.state_root()`.
- This caused some "dust" changes of `snapshot.beacon_state_root` to `snapshot.beacon_state_root()`, where the `BeaconSnapshot::beacon_state_root()` func just reads the state root from the block.
- Rename `types::ShuffingId` to `AttestationShufflingId`. I originally did this because I added a `ProposerShufflingId` struct which turned out to be not so useful. I thought this new name was more descriptive so I kept it.
- Address https://github.com/ethereum/eth2.0-specs/pull/2196
- Add a debug log when we get a block with an unknown parent. There was previously no logging around this case.
- Add a function to `BeaconState` to compute all proposers for an epoch without re-computing the active indices for each slot.
## Additional Info
- ~~Blocked on #2173~~
- ~~Blocked on #2179~~ That PR was wrapped into this PR.
- There's potentially some places where we could avoid computing the proposer indices in `per_block_processing` but I haven't done this here. These would be an optimization beyond the issue at hand (improving block propagation times) and I think this PR is already doing enough. We can come back for that later.
## TODO
- [x] Tidy, improve comments.
- [x] ~~Try avoid computing proposer index in `per_block_processing`?~~
## Issue Addressed
resolves#2129resolves#2099
addresses some of #1712
unblocks #2076
unblocks #2153
## Proposed Changes
- Updates all the dependencies mentioned in #2129, except for web3. They haven't merged their tokio 1.0 update because they are waiting on some dependencies of their own. Since we only use web3 in tests, I think updating it in a separate issue is fine. If they are able to merge soon though, I can update in this PR.
- Updates `tokio_util` to 0.6.2 and `bytes` to 1.0.1.
- We haven't made a discv5 release since merging tokio 1.0 updates so I'm using a commit rather than release atm. **Edit:** I think we should merge an update of `tokio_util` to 0.6.2 into discv5 before this release because it has panic fixes in `DelayQueue` --> PR in discv5: https://github.com/sigp/discv5/pull/58
## Additional Info
tokio 1.0 changes that required some changes in lighthouse:
- `interval.next().await.is_some()` -> `interval.tick().await`
- `sleep` future is now `!Unpin` -> https://github.com/tokio-rs/tokio/issues/3028
- `try_recv` has been temporarily removed from `mpsc` -> https://github.com/tokio-rs/tokio/issues/3350
- stream features have moved to `tokio-stream` and `broadcast::Receiver::into_stream()` has been temporarily removed -> `https://github.com/tokio-rs/tokio/issues/2870
- I've copied over the `BroadcastStream` wrapper from this PR, but can update to use `tokio-stream` once it's merged https://github.com/tokio-rs/tokio/pull/3384
Co-authored-by: realbigsean <seananderson33@gmail.com>
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
- Panic or return error if we overflow `usize` in SSZ decoding/encoding derive macros.
- I claim that the panics can only be triggered by a faulty type definition in lighthouse, they cannot be triggered externally on a validly defined struct.
- Use `Ordering` instead of some `if` statements, as demanded by clippy.
- Remove some old clippy `allow` that seem to no longer be required.
- Add comments to interesting clippy statements that we're going to continue to ignore.
- Create #1713
## Additional Info
NA
## Issue Addressed
Closes#1557
## Proposed Changes
Modify the pruning algorithm so that it mutates the head-tracker _before_ committing the database transaction to disk, and _only if_ all the heads to be removed are still present in the head-tracker (i.e. no concurrent mutations).
In the process of writing and testing this I also had to make a few other changes:
* Use internal mutability for all `BeaconChainHarness` functions (namely the RNG and the graffiti), in order to enable parallel calls (see testing section below).
* Disable logging in harness tests unless the `test_logger` feature is turned on
And chose to make some clean-ups:
* Delete the `NullMigrator`
* Remove type-based configuration for the migrator in favour of runtime config (simpler, less duplicated code)
* Use the non-blocking migrator unless the blocking migrator is required. In the store tests we need the blocking migrator because some tests make asserts about the state of the DB after the migration has run.
* Rename `validators_keypairs` -> `validator_keypairs` in the `BeaconChainHarness`
## Testing
To confirm that the fix worked, I wrote a test using [Hiatus](https://crates.io/crates/hiatus), which can be found here:
https://github.com/michaelsproul/lighthouse/tree/hiatus-issue-1557
That test can't be merged because it inserts random breakpoints everywhere, but if you check out that branch you can run the test with:
```
$ cd beacon_node/beacon_chain
$ cargo test --release --test parallel_tests --features test_logger
```
It should pass, and the log output should show:
```
WARN Pruning deferred because of a concurrent mutation, message: this is expected only very rarely!
```
## Additional Info
This is a backwards-compatible change with no impact on consensus.
## Issue Addressed
- Resolves#1706
## Proposed Changes
Updates dependencies across the workspace. Any crate that was not able to be brought to the latest version is listed in #1712.
## Additional Info
NA
This commit was edited by Paul H when rebasing from master to
v0.3.0-staging.
Solution 2 proposed here: https://github.com/sigp/lighthouse/issues/1435#issuecomment-692317639
- Adds an optional `--wss-checkpoint` flag that takes a string `root:epoch`
- Verify that the given checkpoint exists in the chain, or that the the chain syncs through this checkpoint. If not, shutdown and prompt the user to purge state before restarting.
Co-authored-by: Paul Hauner <paul@paulhauner.com>
- Resolves#1550
- Resolves#824
- Resolves#825
- Resolves#1131
- Resolves#1411
- Resolves#1256
- Resolve#1177
- Includes the `ShufflingId` struct initially defined in #1492. That PR is now closed and the changes are included here, with significant bug fixes.
- Implement the https://github.com/ethereum/eth2.0-APIs in a new `http_api` crate using `warp`. This replaces the `rest_api` crate.
- Add a new `common/eth2` crate which provides a wrapper around `reqwest`, providing the HTTP client that is used by the validator client and for testing. This replaces the `common/remote_beacon_node` crate.
- Create a `http_metrics` crate which is a dedicated server for Prometheus metrics (they are no longer served on the same port as the REST API). We now have flags for `--metrics`, `--metrics-address`, etc.
- Allow the `subnet_id` to be an optional parameter for `VerifiedUnaggregatedAttestation::verify`. This means it does not need to be provided unnecessarily by the validator client.
- Move `fn map_attestation_committee` in `mod beacon_chain::attestation_verification` to a new `fn with_committee_cache` on the `BeaconChain` so the same cache can be used for obtaining validator duties.
- Add some other helpers to `BeaconChain` to assist with common API duties (e.g., `block_root_at_slot`, `head_beacon_block_root`).
- Change the `NaiveAggregationPool` so it can index attestations by `hash_tree_root(attestation.data)`. This is a requirement of the API.
- Add functions to `BeaconChainHarness` to allow it to create slashings and exits.
- Allow for `eth1::Eth1NetworkId` to go to/from a `String`.
- Add functions to the `OperationPool` to allow getting all objects in the pool.
- Add function to `BeaconState` to check if a committee cache is initialized.
- Fix bug where `seconds_per_eth1_block` was not transferring over from `YamlConfig` to `ChainSpec`.
- Add the `deposit_contract_address` to `YamlConfig` and `ChainSpec`. We needed to be able to return it in an API response.
- Change some uses of serde `serialize_with` and `deserialize_with` to a single use of `with` (code quality).
- Impl `Display` and `FromStr` for several BLS fields.
- Check for clock discrepancy when VC polls BN for sync state (with +/- 1 slot tolerance). This is not intended to be comprehensive, it was just easy to do.
- See #1434 for a per-endpoint overview.
- Seeking clarity here: https://github.com/ethereum/eth2.0-APIs/issues/75
- [x] Add docs for prom port to close#1256
- [x] Follow up on this #1177
- [x] ~~Follow up with #1424~~ Will fix in future PR.
- [x] Follow up with #1411
- [x] ~~Follow up with #1260~~ Will fix in future PR.
- [x] Add quotes to all integers.
- [x] Remove `rest_types`
- [x] Address missing beacon block error. (#1629)
- [x] ~~Add tests for lighthouse/peers endpoints~~ Wontfix
- [x] ~~Follow up with validator status proposal~~ Tracked in #1434
- [x] Unify graffiti structs
- [x] ~~Start server when waiting for genesis?~~ Will fix in future PR.
- [x] TODO in http_api tests
- [x] Move lighthouse endpoints off /eth/v1
- [x] Update docs to link to standard
- ~~Blocked on #1586~~
Co-authored-by: Michael Sproul <michael@sigmaprime.io>
## Issue Addressed
- Resolves#1616
## Proposed Changes
If we look at the function which persists fork choice and the canonical head to disk:
1db8daae0c/beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/beacon_chain.rs (L234-L280)
There is a race-condition which might cause the canonical head and fork choice values to be out-of-sync.
I believe this is the cause of #1616. I managed to recreate the issue and produce a database that was unable to sync under the `master` branch but able to sync with this branch.
These new changes solve the issue by ignoring the persisted `canonical_head_block_root` value and instead getting fork choice to generate it. This ensures that the canonical head is in-sync with fork choice.
## Additional Info
This is hotfix method that leaves some crusty code hanging around. Once this PR is merged (to satisfy the v0.2.x users) we should later update and merge #1638 so we can have a clean fix for the v0.3.x versions.
## Issue Addressed
- Resolves#1616
## Proposed Changes
Fixes a bug where we are unable to read the finalized block from fork choice.
## Detail
I had made an assumption that the finalized block always has a parent root of `None`:
e5fc6bab48/consensus/fork_choice/src/fork_choice.rs (L749-L752)
This was a faulty assumption, we don't set parent *roots* to `None`. Instead we *sometimes* set parent *indices* to `None`, depending if this pruning condition is satisfied:
e5fc6bab48/consensus/proto_array/src/proto_array.rs (L229-L232)
The bug manifested itself like this:
1. We attempt to get the finalized block from fork choice
1. We try to check that the block is descendant of the finalized block (note: they're the same block).
1. We expect the parent root to be `None`, but it's actually the parent root of the finalized root.
1. We therefore end up checking if the parent of the finalized root is a descendant of itself. (note: it's an *ancestor* not a *descendant*).
1. We therefore declare that the finalized block is not a descendant of (or eq to) the finalized block. Bad.
## Additional Info
In reflection, I made a poor assumption in the quest to obtain a probably negligible performance gain. The performance gain wasn't worth the risk and we got burnt.
The PR:
* Adds the ability to generate a crucial test scenario that isn't possible with `BeaconChainHarness` (i.e. two blocks occupying the same slot; previously forks necessitated skipping slots):
* New testing API: Instead of repeatedly calling add_block(), you generate a sorted `Vec<Slot>` and leave it up to the framework to generate blocks at those slots.
* Jumping backwards to an earlier epoch is a hard error, so that tests necessarily generate blocks in a epoch-by-epoch manner.
* Configures the test logger so that output is printed on the console in case a test fails. The logger also plays well with `--nocapture`, contrary to the existing testing framework
* Rewrites existing fork pruning tests to use the new API
* Adds a tests that triggers finalization at a non epoch boundary slot
* Renamed `BeaconChainYoke` to `BeaconChainTestingRig` because the former has been too confusing
* Fixed multiple tests (e.g. `block_production_different_shuffling_long`, `delete_blocks_and_states`, `shuffling_compatible_simple_fork`) that relied on a weird (and accidental) feature of the old `BeaconChainHarness` that attestations aren't produced for epochs earlier than the current one, thus masking potential bugs in test cases.
Co-authored-by: Michael Sproul <michael@sigmaprime.io>
## Issue Addressed
- Resolves#1451
## Proposed Changes
- Restricts the `contains_block` and `contains_block` so they only indicate a block is present if it descends from the finalized root. This helps to ensure that fork choice never points to a block that has been pruned from the database.
- Resolves#1451
- Before importing a block, double-check that its parent is known and a descendant of the finalized root.
- Split a big, monolithic block verification test into smaller tests.
## Additional Notes
I suspect there would be a craftier way to do the `is_descendant_of_finalized` check, but we're a bit tight on time now and we can optimize later if it starts showing in benches.
## TODO
- [x] Tests
* Update `milagro_bls` to new release (#1183)
* Update milagro_bls to new release
Signed-off-by: Kirk Baird <baird.k@outlook.com>
* Tidy up fake cryptos
Signed-off-by: Kirk Baird <baird.k@outlook.com>
* move SecretHash to bls and put plaintext back
Signed-off-by: Kirk Baird <baird.k@outlook.com>
* Update v0.12.0 to v0.12.1
* Add compute_subnet_for_attestation
* Replace CommitteeIndex topic with Attestation
* Fix warnings
* Fix attestation service tests
* fmt
* Appease clippy
* return error from validator_subscriptions
* move state out of loop
* Fix early break on error
* Get state from slot clock
* Fix beacon state in attestation tests
* Add failing test for lookahead > 1
* Minor change
* Address some review comments
* Add subnet verification to beacon chain
* Move subnet verification to processor
* Pass committee_count_at_slot to ValidatorDuty and ValidatorSubscription
* Pass subnet id for publishing attestations
* Fix attestation service tests
* Fix more tests
* Fix fork choice test
* Remove unused code
* Remove more unused and expensive code
Co-authored-by: Kirk Baird <baird.k@outlook.com>
Co-authored-by: Michael Sproul <michael@sigmaprime.io>
Co-authored-by: Age Manning <Age@AgeManning.com>
Co-authored-by: Paul Hauner <paul@paulhauner.com>
