It is a well-known fact that IP addresses for beacon nodes used by specific validators can be de-anonymized. There is an assumed risk that a malicious user may attempt to DOS validators when producing blocks to prevent chain growth/liveness.
Although there are a number of ideas put forward to address this, there a few simple approaches we can take to mitigate this risk.
Currently, a Lighthouse user is able to set a number of beacon-nodes that their validator client can connect to. If one beacon node is taken offline, it can fallback to another. Different beacon nodes can use VPNs or rotate IPs in order to mask their IPs.
This PR provides an additional setup option which further mitigates attacks of this kind.
This PR introduces a CLI flag --proposer-only to the beacon node. Setting this flag will configure the beacon node to run with minimal peers and crucially will not subscribe to subnets or sync committees. Therefore nodes of this kind should not be identified as nodes connected to validators of any kind.
It also introduces a CLI flag --proposer-nodes to the validator client. Users can then provide a number of beacon nodes (which may or may not run the --proposer-only flag) that the Validator client will use for block production and propagation only. If these nodes fail, the validator client will fallback to the default list of beacon nodes.
Users are then able to set up a number of beacon nodes dedicated to block proposals (which are unlikely to be identified as validator nodes) and point their validator clients to produce blocks on these nodes and attest on other beacon nodes. An attack attempting to prevent liveness on the eth2 network would then need to preemptively find and attack the proposer nodes which is significantly more difficult than the default setup.
This is a follow on from: #3328
Co-authored-by: Michael Sproul <michael@sigmaprime.io>
Co-authored-by: Paul Hauner <paul@paulhauner.com>
## Issue Addressed
The latest stable version (1.69.0) of Rust was released on 20 April and contains this change:
- [Update the minimum external LLVM to 14.](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/107573/)
This impacts some of our CI workflows (build and release-test-windows) that uses LLVM 13.0. This PR updates the workflows to install LLVM 15.0.
**UPDATE**: Also updated `h2` to address [this issue](https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-f8vr-r385-rh5r)
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
Avoids reprocessing loops introduced in #4179. (Also somewhat related to #4192).
Breaks the re-queue loop by only re-queuing when an RPC block is received before the attestation creation deadline.
I've put `proposal_is_known` behind a closure to avoid interacting with the `observed_proposers` lock unnecessarily.
## Additional Info
NA
## Issue Addressed
There was a [`VecDeque` bug](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/108453) in some recent versions of the Rust standard library (1.67.0 & 1.67.1) that could cause Lighthouse to panic (reported by `@Sea Monkey` on discord). See full logs below.
The issue was likely introduced in Rust 1.67.0 and [fixed](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/108475) in 1.68, and we were able to reproduce the panic ourselves using [@michaelsproul's fuzz tests](https://github.com/michaelsproul/lighthouse/blob/fuzz-lru-time-cache/beacon_node/lighthouse_network/src/peer_manager/fuzz.rs#L111) on both Rust 1.67.0 and 1.67.1.
Users that uses our Docker images or binaries are unlikely affected, as our Docker images were built with `1.66`, and latest binaries were built with latest stable (`1.68.2`). It likely impacts user that builds from source using Rust versions 1.67.x.
## Proposed Changes
Bump Rust version (MSRV) to latest stable `1.68.2`.
## Additional Info
From `@Sea Monkey` on Lighthouse Discord:
> Crash on goerli using `unstable` `dd124b2d6804d02e4e221f29387a56775acccd08`
```
thread 'tokio-runtime-worker' panicked at 'Key must exist', /mnt/goerli/goerli/lighthouse/common/lru_cache/src/time.rs:68:28
stack backtrace:
Apr 15 09:37:36.993 WARN Peer sent invalid block in single block lookup, peer_id: 16Uiu2HAm6ZuyJpVpR6y51X4Enbp8EhRBqGycQsDMPX7e5XfPYznG, error: WouldRevertFinalizedSlot { block_slot: Slot(5420212), finalized_slot: Slot(5420224) }, root: 0x10f6…3165, service: sync
0: rust_begin_unwind
at /rustc/d5a82bbd26e1ad8b7401f6a718a9c57c96905483/library/std/src/panicking.rs:575:5
1: core::panicking::panic_fmt
at /rustc/d5a82bbd26e1ad8b7401f6a718a9c57c96905483/library/core/src/panicking.rs:64:14
2: core::panicking::panic_display
at /rustc/d5a82bbd26e1ad8b7401f6a718a9c57c96905483/library/core/src/panicking.rs:135:5
3: core::panicking::panic_str
at /rustc/d5a82bbd26e1ad8b7401f6a718a9c57c96905483/library/core/src/panicking.rs:119:5
4: core::option::expect_failed
at /rustc/d5a82bbd26e1ad8b7401f6a718a9c57c96905483/library/core/src/option.rs:1879:5
5: lru_cache::time::LRUTimeCache<Key>::raw_remove
6: lighthouse_network::peer_manager::PeerManager<TSpec>::handle_ban_operation
7: lighthouse_network::peer_manager::PeerManager<TSpec>::handle_score_action
8: lighthouse_network::peer_manager::PeerManager<TSpec>::report_peer
9: network::service::NetworkService<T>::spawn_service::{{closure}}
10: <futures_util::future::select::Select<A,B> as core::future::future::Future>::poll
11: <futures_util::future::future::map::Map<Fut,F> as core::future::future::Future>::poll
12: <futures_util::future::future::flatten::Flatten<Fut,<Fut as core::future::future::Future>::Output> as core::future::future::Future>::poll
13: tokio::loom::std::unsafe_cell::UnsafeCell<T>::with_mut
14: tokio::runtime::task::core::Core<T,S>::poll
15: tokio::runtime::task::harness::Harness<T,S>::poll
16: tokio::runtime::scheduler::multi_thread::worker::Context::run_task
17: tokio::runtime::scheduler::multi_thread::worker::Context::run
18: tokio::macros::scoped_tls::ScopedKey<T>::set
19: tokio::runtime::scheduler::multi_thread::worker::run
20: tokio::loom::std::unsafe_cell::UnsafeCell<T>::with_mut
21: tokio::runtime::task::core::Core<T,S>::poll
22: tokio::runtime::task::harness::Harness<T,S>::poll
23: tokio::runtime::blocking::pool::Inner::run
note: Some details are omitted, run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=full` for a verbose backtrace.
Apr 15 09:37:37.069 INFO Saved DHT state service: network
Apr 15 09:37:37.070 INFO Network service shutdown service: network
Apr 15 09:37:37.132 CRIT Task panic. This is a bug! advice: Please check above for a backtrace and notify the developers, message: <none>, task_name: network
Apr 15 09:37:37.132 INFO Internal shutdown received reason: Panic (fatal error)
Apr 15 09:37:37.133 INFO Shutting down.. reason: Failure("Panic (fatal error)")
Apr 15 09:37:37.135 WARN Unable to free worker error: channel closed, msg: did not free worker, shutdown may be underway
Apr 15 09:37:39.350 INFO Saved beacon chain to disk service: beacon
Panic (fatal error)
```
## Issue Addressed
Closes#4185
## Proposed Changes
- Set user agent to `Lighthouse/vX.Y.Z-<commit hash>` by default
- Allow tweaking user agent via `--builder-user-agent "agent"`
## Proposed Changes
Builds on #4028 to use the new payload bodies methods in the HTTP API as well.
## Caveats
The payloads by range method only works for the finalized chain, so it can't be used in the execution engine integration tests because we try to reconstruct unfinalized payloads there.
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
Apply two changes to code introduced in #4179:
1. Remove the `ERRO` log for when we error on `proposer_has_been_observed()`. We were seeing a lot of this in our logs for finalized blocks and it's a bit noisy.
1. Use `false` rather than `true` for `proposal_already_known` when there is an error. If a block raises an error in `proposer_has_been_observed()` then the block must be invalid, so we should process (and reject) it now rather than queuing it.
For reference, here is one of the offending `ERRO` logs:
```
ERRO Failed to check observed proposers block_root: 0x5845…878e, source: rpc, error: FinalizedBlock { slot: Slot(5410983), finalized_slot: Slot(5411232) }
```
## Additional Info
NA
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
Similar to #4181 but without the version bump and a more nuanced fix.
Patches the high CPU usage seen after the Capella fork which was caused by processing exits when there are skip slots.
## Additional Info
~~This is an imperfect solution that will cause us to drop some exits at the fork boundary. This is tracked at #4184.~~
## Issue Addressed
Updated Lighthouse book on Section 2 and added some FAQs
## Proposed Changes
All changes are made in the book/src .md files.
## Additional Info
Please provide any additional information. For example, future considerations
or information useful for reviewers.
Co-authored-by: chonghe <tanck2005@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Michael Sproul <micsproul@gmail.com>
## Proposed Changes
We already make some attempts to avoid processing RPC blocks when a block from the same proposer is already being processed through gossip. This PR strengthens that guarantee by using the existing cache for `observed_block_producers` to inform whether an RPC block's processing should be delayed.
## Proposed Changes
This change attempts to prevent failed re-orgs by:
1. Lowering the re-org cutoff from 2s to 1s. This is informed by a failed re-org attempted by @yorickdowne's node. The failed block was requested in the 1.5-2s window due to a Vouch failure, and failed to propagate to the majority of the network before the attestation deadline at 4s.
2. Allow users to adjust their re-org cutoff depending on observed network conditions and their risk profile. The static 2 second cutoff was too rigid.
3. Add a `--proposer-reorg-disallowed-offsets` flag which can be used to prohibit reorgs at certain slots. This is intended to help workaround an issue whereby reorging blocks at slot 1 are currently taking ~1.6s to propagate on gossip rather than ~500ms. This is suspected to be due to a cache miss in current versions of Prysm, which should be fixed in their next release.
## Additional Info
I'm of two minds about removing the `shuffling_stable` check which checks for blocks at slot 0 in the epoch. If we removed it users would be able to configure Lighthouse to try reorging at slot 0, which likely wouldn't work very well due to interactions with the proposer index cache. I think we could leave it for now and revisit it later.
## Issue Addressed
#4146
## Proposed Changes
Removes the `ExecutionOptimisticForkVersionedResponse` type and the associated Beacon API endpoint which is now deprecated. Also removes the test associated with the endpoint.
## Issue Addressed
N/A
## Proposed Changes
Adds a flag for disabling peer scoring. This is useful for local testing and testing small networks for new features.
## Issue Addressed
Attempt to fix#3812
## Proposed Changes
Move web3signer binary download script out of build script to avoid downloading unless necessary. If this works, it should also reduce the build time for all jobs that runs compilation.
> This is currently a WIP and all features are subject to alteration or removal at any time.
## Overview
The successor to #2873.
Contains the backbone of `beacon.watch` including syncing code, the initial API, and several core database tables.
See `watch/README.md` for more information, requirements and usage.
It is possible that when we go to ban a peer, there is already an unbanned message in the queue. It could lead to the case that we ban and immediately unban a peer leaving us in a state where a should-be banned peer is unbanned.
If this banned peer connects to us in this faulty state, we currently do not attempt to re-ban it. This PR does correct this also, so if we do see this error, it will now self-correct (although we shouldn't see the error in the first place).
I have also incremented the severity of not supporting protocols as I see peers ultimately get banned in a few steps and it seems to make sense to just ban them outright, rather than have them linger.
## Issue Addressed
Addresses #4117
## Proposed Changes
See https://github.com/ethereum/keymanager-APIs/pull/58 for proposed API specification.
## TODO
- [x] ~~Add submission to BN~~
- removed, see discussion in [keymanager API](https://github.com/ethereum/keymanager-APIs/pull/58)
- [x] ~~Add flag to allow voluntary exit via the API~~
- no longer needed now the VC doesn't submit exit directly
- [x] ~~Additional verification / checks, e.g. if validator on same network as BN~~
- to be done on client side
- [x] ~~Potentially wait for the message to propagate and return some exit information in the response~~
- not required
- [x] Update http tests
- [x] ~~Update lighthouse book~~
- not required if this endpoint makes it to the standard keymanager API
Co-authored-by: Paul Hauner <paul@paulhauner.com>
Co-authored-by: Jimmy Chen <jimmy@sigmaprime.io>
## Issue Addressed
#3212
## Proposed Changes
- Introduce a new `rate_limiting_backfill_queue` - any new inbound backfill work events gets immediately sent to this FIFO queue **without any processing**
- Spawn a `backfill_scheduler` routine that pops a backfill event from the FIFO queue at specified intervals (currently halfway through a slot, or at 6s after slot start for 12s slots) and sends the event to `BeaconProcessor` via a `scheduled_backfill_work_tx` channel
- This channel gets polled last in the `InboundEvents`, and work event received is wrapped in a `InboundEvent::ScheduledBackfillWork` enum variant, which gets processed immediately or queued by the `BeaconProcessor` (existing logic applies from here)
Diagram comparing backfill processing with / without rate-limiting:
https://github.com/sigp/lighthouse/issues/3212#issuecomment-1386249922
See this comment for @paulhauner's explanation and solution: https://github.com/sigp/lighthouse/issues/3212#issuecomment-1384674956
## Additional Info
I've compared this branch (with backfill processing rate limited to to 1 and 3 batches per slot) against the latest stable version. The CPU usage during backfill sync is reduced by ~5% - 20%, more details on this page:
https://hackmd.io/@jimmygchen/SJuVpJL3j
The above testing is done on Goerli (as I don't currently have hardware for Mainnet), I'm guessing the differences are likely to be bigger on mainnet due to block size.
### TODOs
- [x] Experiment with processing multiple batches per slot. (need to think about how to do this for different slot durations)
- [x] Add option to disable rate-limiting, enabed by default.
- [x] (No longer required now we're reusing the reprocessing queue) Complete the `backfill_scheduler` task when backfill sync is completed or not required
## Issue Addressed
Update the database-migrations to include v4.0.1 for database version v16:
## Proposed Changes
Update the table by adding a row
## Additional Info
Please provide any additional information. For example, future considerations
or information useful for reviewers.
## Issue Addressed
#4127. PR to test port conflicts in CI tests .
## Proposed Changes
See issue for more details, potential solution could be adding a cache bound by time to the `unused_port` function.
## Issue Addressed
#3708
## Proposed Changes
- Add `is_finalized_block` method to `BeaconChain` in `beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/beacon_chain.rs`.
- Add `is_finalized_state` method to `BeaconChain` in `beacon_node/beacon_chain/src/beacon_chain.rs`.
- Add `fork_and_execution_optimistic_and_finalized` in `beacon_node/http_api/src/state_id.rs`.
- Add `ExecutionOptimisticFinalizedForkVersionedResponse` type in `consensus/types/src/fork_versioned_response.rs`.
- Add `execution_optimistic_finalized_fork_versioned_response`function in `beacon_node/http_api/src/version.rs`.
- Add `ExecutionOptimisticFinalizedResponse` type in `common/eth2/src/types.rs`.
- Add `add_execution_optimistic_finalized` method in `common/eth2/src/types.rs`.
- Update API response methods to include finalized.
- Remove `execution_optimistic_fork_versioned_response`
Co-authored-by: Michael Sproul <michael@sigmaprime.io>
## Title
Optimise `update_validators` by decrypting key cache only when necessary
## Issue Addressed
Resolves [#3968: Slow performance of validator client PATCH API with hundreds of keys](https://github.com/sigp/lighthouse/issues/3968)
## Proposed Changes
1. Add a check to determine if there is at least one local definition before decrypting the key cache.
2. Assign an empty `KeyCache` when all definitions are of the `Web3Signer` type.
3. Perform cache-related operations (e.g., saving the modified key cache) only if there are local definitions.
## Additional Info
This PR addresses the excessive CPU usage and slow performance experienced when using the `PATCH lighthouse/validators/{pubkey}` request with a large number of keys. The issue was caused by the key cache using cryptography to decipher and cipher the cache entities every time the request was made. This operation called `scrypt`, which was very slow and required a lot of memory when there were many concurrent requests.
These changes have no impact on the overall functionality but can lead to significant performance improvements when working with remote signers. Importantly, the key cache is never used when there are only `Web3Signer` definitions, avoiding the expensive operation of decrypting the key cache in such cases.
Co-authored-by: Maksim Shcherbo <max.shcherbo@consensys.net>
## Issue Addressed
Which issue # does this PR address?
https://github.com/sigp/lighthouse/issues/3669
## Proposed Changes
Please list or describe the changes introduced by this PR.
- A new API to fetch fork choice data, as specified [here](https://github.com/ethereum/beacon-APIs/pull/232)
- A new integration test to test the new API
## Additional Info
Please provide any additional information. For example, future considerations
or information useful for reviewers.
- `extra_data` field specified in the beacon-API spec is not implemented, please let me know if I should instead.
Co-authored-by: Michael Sproul <micsproul@gmail.com>
## Issue Addressed
The minimum supported Rust version has been set to 1.66 as of Lighthouse v4.0.0. This PR updates Rust to 1.66 in lcli Dockerfile.
Co-authored-by: Jimmy Chen <jimmy@sigmaprime.io>
## Proposed Changes
To prevent breakages from `cargo update`, this updates the `arbitrary` crate to a new commit from my fork. Unfortunately we still need to use my fork (even though my `bound` change was merged) because of this issue: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy/issues/10185.
In a couple of Rust versions it should be resolved upstream.
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
- Bump versions.
- Bump openssl version to resolve various `cargo audit` notices.
## Additional Info
- Requires further testing
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
- Implements https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/pull/3290/
- Bumps `ef-tests` to [v1.3.0-rc.4](https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-spec-tests/releases/tag/v1.3.0-rc.4).
The `CountRealizedFull` concept has been removed and the `--count-unrealized-full` and `--count-unrealized` BN flags now do nothing but log a `WARN` when used.
## Database Migration Debt
This PR removes the `best_justified_checkpoint` from fork choice. This field is persisted on-disk and the correct way to go about this would be to make a DB migration to remove the field. However, in this PR I've simply stubbed out the value with a junk value. I've taken this approach because if we're going to do a DB migration I'd love to remove the `Option`s around the justified and finalized checkpoints on `ProtoNode` whilst we're at it. Those options were added in #2822 which was included in Lighthouse v2.1.0. The options were only put there to handle the migration and they've been set to `Some` ever since v2.1.0. There's no reason to keep them as options anymore.
I started adding the DB migration to this branch but I started to feel like I was bloating this rather critical PR with nice-to-haves. I've kept the partially-complete migration [over in my repo](https://github.com/paulhauner/lighthouse/tree/fc-pr-18-migration) so we can pick it up after this PR is merged.
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
Sets the mainnet Capella fork epoch as per https://github.com/ethereum/consensus-specs/pull/3300
## Additional Info
I expect the `ef_tests` to fail until we get a compatible consensus spec tests release.
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
Replaces #4058 to attempt to reduce `ERRO Failed to send scheduled attestation` spam and provide more information for diagnosis. With this PR we achieve:
- When dequeuing attestations after a block is received, send only one log which reports `n` failures (rather than `n` logs reporting `n` failures).
- Make a distinction in logs between two separate attestation dequeuing events.
- Add more information to both log events to help assist with troubleshooting.
## Additional Info
NA
This PR enables the user to adjust the shuffling cache size.
This is useful for some HTTP API requests which require re-computing old shufflings. This PR currently optimizes the
beacon/states/{state_id}/committees HTTP API by first checking the cache before re-building shuffling.
If the shuffling is set to a non-default value, then the HTTP API request will also fill the cache when as it constructs new shufflings.
If the CLI flag is not present or the value is set to the default of 16 the default behaviour is observed.
Co-authored-by: Michael Sproul <michael@sigmaprime.io>
Currently Lighthouse will remain uncontactable if users port forward a port that is not the same as the one they are listening on.
For example, if Lighthouse runs with port 9000 TCP/UDP locally but a router is configured to pass 9010 externally to the lighthouse node on 9000, other nodes on the network will not be able to reach the lighthouse node.
This occurs because Lighthouse does not update its ENR TCP port on external socket discovery. The intention was always that users should use `--enr-tcp-port` to customise this, but this is non-intuitive.
The difficulty arises because we have no discovery mechanism to find our external TCP port. If we discovery a new external UDP port, we must guess what our external TCP port might be. This PR assumes the external TCP port is the same as the external UDP port (which may not be the case) and thus updates the TCP port along with the UDP port if the `--enr-tcp-port` flag is not set.
Along with this PR, will be added documentation to the Lighthouse book so users can correctly understand and configure their ENR to maximize Lighthouse's connectivity.
This relies on https://github.com/sigp/discv5/pull/166 and we should wait for a new release in discv5 before adding this PR.
If a node is also a bootnode it can try to add itself to its own local routing table which will emit an error.
The error is entirely harmless but we would prefer to avoid emitting the error.
This PR does not attempt to add a boot node ENR if that ENR corresponds to our local peer-id/node-id.
## Issue Addressed
Resolves#4061
## Proposed Changes
Adds a message to tell users to check their EE.
## Additional Info
I really struggled to come up with something succinct and complete, so I'm totally open to feedback.
## Issue Addressed
NA
## Proposed Changes
When producing a block from a builder, there are two points where we could consider the block "broadcast":
1. When the blinded block is published to the builder.
2. When the un-blinded block is published to the P2P network (this is always *after* the previous step).
Our logging for late block broadcasts was using (2) for builder-blocks, which was creating a lot of false-positive logs. This is because the builder publishes the block on the P2P network themselves before returning it to us and we perform (2). For clarity, the logs were false-positives because we claim that the block was published late by us when it was actually published earlier by the builder.
This PR changes our logging behavior so we do our logging at (1) instead. It also updates our metrics for block broadcast to distinguish between local and builder blocks. I believe the metrics change will be natively compatible with existing Grafana dashboards.
## Additional Info
One could argue that the builder *should* return the block to us faster, however that's not the case. I think it's more important that we don't desensitize users with false-positives.
## Issue Addressed
Closes#3814, replaces #3818.
## Proposed Changes
* Add a WARN log for the case where we are attempting to sync chain segments but can't process them because they're building on an invalid parent. The most common case where we see this is when the execution node database is corrupt, causing sync to stall mysteriously (because we're currently logging the failure only at debug level).
* Additionally I've bumped up the logging for invalid execution payloads to `WARN`. This may result in some duplicate logs as we log errors from the `beacon_chain` and then again from the beacon processor. Invalid payloads and corrupt DBs _should_ be rare enough that this doesn't produce overwhelming log volume.
## Issue Addressed
Added note in lighthouse book to instruct users to use a min lighthouse requirement to run Siren Ui.
Which issue # does this PR address?
## Proposed Changes
Please list or describe the changes introduced by this PR.
## Additional Info
Please provide any additional information. For example, future considerations
or information useful for reviewers.
There is a race condition which occurs when multiple discovery queries return at almost the exact same time and they independently contain a useful peer we would like to connect to.
The condition can occur that we can add the same peer to the dial queue, before we get a chance to process the queue.
This ends up displaying an error to the user:
```
ERRO Dialing an already dialing peer
```
Although this error is harmless it's not ideal.
There are two solutions to resolving this:
1. As we decide to dial the peer, we change the state in the peer-db to dialing (before we add it to the queue) which would prevent other requests from adding to the queue.
2. We prevent duplicates in the dial queue
This PR has opted for 2. because 1. will complicate the code in that we are changing states in non-intuitive places. Although this technically adds a very slight performance cost, its probably a cleaner solution as we can keep the state-changing logic in one place.
