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# Encoding
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2020-11-12 19:42:24 +00:00
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Learn about the encoding formats used on Ethermint. {synopsis}
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## Pre-requisite Readings
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2020-07-06 16:56:02 +00:00
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- [Cosmos SDK Encoding](https://docs.cosmos.network/master/core/encoding.html) {prereq}
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- [Ethereum RLP](https://eth.wiki/en/fundamentals/rlp) {prereq}
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## Encoding Formats
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### Protocol Buffers
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The Cosmos [Stargate](https://stargate.cosmos.network/) release introduces
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[protobuf](https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers) as the main encoding format for both
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client and state serialization. All the EVM module structs that are used for state and clients
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(transaction messages, genesis, query services, etc) will be implemented as protocol buffer messages.
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### Amino
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The Cosmos SDK also supports the legacy Amino encoding format for backwards compatibility with
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previous versions, specially for client encoding. Ethermint will not support Amino in the EVM module
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once the migration to SDK `v0.40` is finalized.
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### RLP
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Recursive Length Prefix ([RLP](https://eth.wiki/en/fundamentals/rlp)), is an encoding/decoding algorithm that serializes a message and
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allows for quick reconstruction of encoded data. Ethermint uses RLP to encode/decode Ethereum
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messages for JSON-RPC handling to conform messages to the proper Ethereum format. This allows
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messages to be encoded and decoded in the exact format as Ethereum's.
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Each message type defined on the EVM module define the `EncodeRLP` and `DecodeRLP` methods which
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implement the `rlp.Encoder` and `rlp.Decoder` interfaces respectively. The RLP encode method is used
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to sign bytes and transactions in `RLPSignBytes` and `Sign`.
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## Next {hide}
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2020-11-12 19:42:24 +00:00
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Learn how [pending state](./pending_state.md) is handled on Ethermint. {hide}
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