chore(rpc): restructure JSON-RPC APIs (#1218)

* move non api methods from eth/api.go to evm_backend: ClientCtx, QueryClient, Ctx, getBlockNumber, getTransactionByBlockAndIndex, doCall

* organize eth/api.go into sections and move backend logic to dedicated files

* remove unnecesary comment

* move resend to the backend

* refractor eth api

* refractor debug namespace

* refactor miner namespace

* refactor personal namespace

* update transactionReceipt from upstream

* update getBlockByNumber from upstream

* update getBalance from upstream

* update getProof from upstream

* update getBalance from upstream

* fix linter

* remove duplicated import

* remove duplicated import

* fix backend tests

* fix lint

* fix duplicated imports

* fix linter

* reorganize blocks

* backend folder refractor

* remove unnecessary file

* remove duplicate import

Co-authored-by: Freddy Caceres <facs95@gmail.com>

rpc/apis.go

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/evmos/ethermint/rpc/namespaces/ethereum/personal"
 	"github.com/evmos/ethermint/rpc/namespaces/ethereum/txpool"
 	"github.com/evmos/ethermint/rpc/namespaces/ethereum/web3"
-	"github.com/evmos/ethermint/rpc/types"
 
 	rpcclient "github.com/tendermint/tendermint/rpc/jsonrpc/client"
 )
@@ -57,13 +56,12 @@ var apiCreators map[string]APICreator
 func init() {
 	apiCreators = map[string]APICreator{
 		EthNamespace: func(ctx *server.Context, clientCtx client.Context, tmWSClient *rpcclient.WSClient, allowUnprotectedTxs bool) []rpc.API {
-			nonceLock := new(types.AddrLocker)
 			evmBackend := backend.NewBackend(ctx, ctx.Logger, clientCtx, allowUnprotectedTxs)
 			return []rpc.API{
 				{
 					Namespace: EthNamespace,
 					Version:   apiVersion,
-					Service:   eth.NewPublicAPI(ctx.Logger, clientCtx, evmBackend, nonceLock),
+					Service:   eth.NewPublicAPI(ctx.Logger, evmBackend),
 					Public:    true,
 				},
 				{
@@ -100,7 +98,7 @@ func init() {
 				{
 					Namespace: PersonalNamespace,
 					Version:   apiVersion,
-					Service:   personal.NewAPI(ctx.Logger, clientCtx, evmBackend),
+					Service:   personal.NewAPI(ctx.Logger, evmBackend),
 					Public:    false,
 				},
 			}
@@ -121,7 +119,7 @@ func init() {
 				{
 					Namespace: DebugNamespace,
 					Version:   apiVersion,
-					Service:   debug.NewAPI(ctx, evmBackend, clientCtx),
+					Service:   debug.NewAPI(ctx, evmBackend),
 					Public:    true,
 				},
 			}
@@ -132,7 +130,7 @@ func init() {
 				{
 					Namespace: MinerNamespace,
 					Version:   apiVersion,
-					Service:   miner.NewPrivateAPI(ctx, clientCtx, evmBackend),
+					Service:   miner.NewPrivateAPI(ctx, evmBackend),
 					Public:    false,
 				},
 			}

rpc/backend/account_info.go

@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+package backend
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"math"
+	"math/big"
+
+	sdkmath "cosmossdk.io/math"
+	sdk "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types"
+	authtypes "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/x/auth/types"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
+	rpctypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/rpc/types"
+	evmtypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/x/evm/types"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+)
+
+// GetCode returns the contract code at the given address and block number.
+func (b *Backend) GetCode(address common.Address, blockNrOrHash rpctypes.BlockNumberOrHash) (hexutil.Bytes, error) {
+	blockNum, err := b.GetBlockNumber(blockNrOrHash)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	req := &evmtypes.QueryCodeRequest{
+		Address: address.String(),
+	}
+
+	res, err := b.queryClient.Code(rpctypes.ContextWithHeight(blockNum.Int64()), req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return res.Code, nil
+}
+
+// GetProof returns an account object with proof and any storage proofs
+func (b *Backend) GetProof(address common.Address, storageKeys []string, blockNrOrHash rpctypes.BlockNumberOrHash) (*rpctypes.AccountResult, error) {
+	blockNum, err := b.GetBlockNumber(blockNrOrHash)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	height := blockNum.Int64()
+	_, err = b.GetTendermintBlockByNumber(blockNum)
+	if err != nil {
+		// Get 'latest' proof if query is in the future
+		// this imitates geth behavior
+		height = 0
+	}
+	ctx := rpctypes.ContextWithHeight(height)
+
+	// if the height is equal to zero, meaning the query condition of the block is either "pending" or "latest"
+	if height == 0 {
+		bn, err := b.BlockNumber()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		if bn > math.MaxInt64 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("not able to query block number greater than MaxInt64")
+		}
+
+		height = int64(bn)
+	}
+
+	clientCtx := b.clientCtx.WithHeight(height)
+
+	// query storage proofs
+	storageProofs := make([]rpctypes.StorageResult, len(storageKeys))
+
+	for i, key := range storageKeys {
+		hexKey := common.HexToHash(key)
+		valueBz, proof, err := b.queryClient.GetProof(clientCtx, evmtypes.StoreKey, evmtypes.StateKey(address, hexKey.Bytes()))
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		// check for proof
+		var proofStr string
+		if proof != nil {
+			proofStr = proof.String()
+		}
+
+		storageProofs[i] = rpctypes.StorageResult{
+			Key:   key,
+			Value: (*hexutil.Big)(new(big.Int).SetBytes(valueBz)),
+			Proof: []string{proofStr},
+		}
+	}
+
+	// query EVM account
+	req := &evmtypes.QueryAccountRequest{
+		Address: address.String(),
+	}
+
+	res, err := b.queryClient.Account(ctx, req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// query account proofs
+	accountKey := authtypes.AddressStoreKey(sdk.AccAddress(address.Bytes()))
+	_, proof, err := b.queryClient.GetProof(clientCtx, authtypes.StoreKey, accountKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// check for proof
+	var accProofStr string
+	if proof != nil {
+		accProofStr = proof.String()
+	}
+
+	balance, ok := sdkmath.NewIntFromString(res.Balance)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, errors.New("invalid balance")
+	}
+
+	return &rpctypes.AccountResult{
+		Address:      address,
+		AccountProof: []string{accProofStr},
+		Balance:      (*hexutil.Big)(balance.BigInt()),
+		CodeHash:     common.HexToHash(res.CodeHash),
+		Nonce:        hexutil.Uint64(res.Nonce),
+		StorageHash:  common.Hash{}, // NOTE: Ethermint doesn't have a storage hash. TODO: implement?
+		StorageProof: storageProofs,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// GetStorageAt returns the contract storage at the given address, block number, and key.
+func (b *Backend) GetStorageAt(address common.Address, key string, blockNrOrHash rpctypes.BlockNumberOrHash) (hexutil.Bytes, error) {
+	blockNum, err := b.GetBlockNumber(blockNrOrHash)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	req := &evmtypes.QueryStorageRequest{
+		Address: address.String(),
+		Key:     key,
+	}
+
+	res, err := b.queryClient.Storage(rpctypes.ContextWithHeight(blockNum.Int64()), req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	value := common.HexToHash(res.Value)
+	return value.Bytes(), nil
+}
+
+// GetBalance returns the provided account's balance up to the provided block number.
+func (b *Backend) GetBalance(address common.Address, blockNrOrHash rpctypes.BlockNumberOrHash) (*hexutil.Big, error) {
+	blockNum, err := b.GetBlockNumber(blockNrOrHash)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	req := &evmtypes.QueryBalanceRequest{
+		Address: address.String(),
+	}
+
+	_, err = b.GetTendermintBlockByNumber(blockNum)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	res, err := b.queryClient.Balance(rpctypes.ContextWithHeight(blockNum.Int64()), req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	val, ok := sdkmath.NewIntFromString(res.Balance)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, errors.New("invalid balance")
+	}
+
+	// balance can only be negative in case of pruned node
+	if val.IsNegative() {
+		return nil, errors.New("couldn't fetch balance. Node state is pruned")
+	}
+
+	return (*hexutil.Big)(val.BigInt()), nil
+}
+
+// GetTransactionCount returns the number of transactions at the given address up to the given block number.
+func (b *Backend) GetTransactionCount(address common.Address, blockNum rpctypes.BlockNumber) (*hexutil.Uint64, error) {
+	// Get nonce (sequence) from account
+	from := sdk.AccAddress(address.Bytes())
+	accRet := b.clientCtx.AccountRetriever
+
+	err := accRet.EnsureExists(b.clientCtx, from)
+	if err != nil {
+		// account doesn't exist yet, return 0
+		n := hexutil.Uint64(0)
+		return &n, nil
+	}
+
+	includePending := blockNum == rpctypes.EthPendingBlockNumber
+	nonce, err := b.getAccountNonce(address, includePending, blockNum.Int64(), b.logger)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	n := hexutil.Uint64(nonce)
+	return &n, nil
+}

rpc/backend/backend.go

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/client"
+	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/client/flags"
+	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/crypto/keyring"
 	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/server"
 	sdk "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
@@ -13,10 +15,13 @@ import (
 	ethtypes "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc"
-	"github.com/evmos/ethermint/rpc/types"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/signer/core/apitypes"
+	"github.com/evmos/ethermint/crypto/hd"
+	rpctypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/rpc/types"
 	"github.com/evmos/ethermint/server/config"
 	ethermint "github.com/evmos/ethermint/types"
 	evmtypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/x/evm/types"
+	"github.com/spf13/viper"
 	"github.com/tendermint/tendermint/libs/log"
 	tmrpctypes "github.com/tendermint/tendermint/rpc/core/types"
 )
@@ -40,58 +45,97 @@ type CosmosBackend interface { // TODO: define
 // as defined by EIP-1474: https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-1474.md
 // Implemented by Backend.
 type EVMBackend interface {
-	// General Ethereum API
+	// Node specific queries
+	Accounts() ([]common.Address, error)
+	Syncing() (interface{}, error)
+	SetEtherbase(etherbase common.Address) bool
+	ImportRawKey(privkey, password string) (common.Address, error)
+	ListAccounts() ([]common.Address, error)
+	NewMnemonic(uid string, language keyring.Language, hdPath, bip39Passphrase string, algo keyring.SignatureAlgo) (*keyring.Record, error)
+	UnprotectedAllowed() bool
 	RPCGasCap() uint64            // global gas cap for eth_call over rpc: DoS protection
 	RPCEVMTimeout() time.Duration // global timeout for eth_call over rpc: DoS protection
 	RPCTxFeeCap() float64         // RPCTxFeeCap is the global transaction fee(price * gaslimit) cap for send-transaction variants. The unit is ether.
-	UnprotectedAllowed() bool
-
 	RPCMinGasPrice() int64
-	SuggestGasTipCap(baseFee *big.Int) (*big.Int, error)
 
-	// Blockchain API
+	// Sign Tx
+	Sign(address common.Address, data hexutil.Bytes) (hexutil.Bytes, error)
+	SendTransaction(args evmtypes.TransactionArgs) (common.Hash, error)
+	SignTypedData(address common.Address, typedData apitypes.TypedData) (hexutil.Bytes, error)
+
+	// Blocks Info
 	BlockNumber() (hexutil.Uint64, error)
-	GetBlockByNumber(blockNum types.BlockNumber, fullTx bool) (map[string]interface{}, error)
+	GetBlockByNumber(blockNum rpctypes.BlockNumber, fullTx bool) (map[string]interface{}, error)
-	GetTendermintBlockByNumber(blockNum types.BlockNumber) (*tmrpctypes.ResultBlock, error)
+	GetTendermintBlockByNumber(blockNum rpctypes.BlockNumber) (*tmrpctypes.ResultBlock, error)
 	GetTendermintBlockResultByNumber(height *int64) (*tmrpctypes.ResultBlockResults, error)
 	GetTendermintBlockByHash(blockHash common.Hash) (*tmrpctypes.ResultBlock, error)
 	GetBlockByHash(hash common.Hash, fullTx bool) (map[string]interface{}, error)
-	BlockByNumber(blockNum types.BlockNumber) (*ethtypes.Block, error)
+	BlockByNumber(blockNum rpctypes.BlockNumber) (*ethtypes.Block, error)
 	BlockByHash(blockHash common.Hash) (*ethtypes.Block, error)
-	CurrentHeader() *ethtypes.Header
-	HeaderByNumber(blockNum types.BlockNumber) (*ethtypes.Header, error)
-	HeaderByHash(blockHash common.Hash) (*ethtypes.Header, error)
 	GetBlockNumberByHash(blockHash common.Hash) (*big.Int, error)
+	GetBlockNumber(blockNrOrHash rpctypes.BlockNumberOrHash) (rpctypes.BlockNumber, error)
+	GetBlockTransactionCountByHash(hash common.Hash) *hexutil.Uint
+	GetBlockTransactionCountByNumber(blockNum rpctypes.BlockNumber) *hexutil.Uint
+	BlockBloom(blockRes *tmrpctypes.ResultBlockResults) (ethtypes.Bloom, error)
+	GetEthereumMsgsFromTendermintBlock(block *tmrpctypes.ResultBlock, blockRes *tmrpctypes.ResultBlockResults) []*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx
+	HeaderByNumber(blockNum rpctypes.BlockNumber) (*ethtypes.Header, error)
+	HeaderByHash(blockHash common.Hash) (*ethtypes.Header, error)
+	EthBlockFromTendermint(resBlock *tmrpctypes.ResultBlock, blockRes *tmrpctypes.ResultBlockResults, fullTx bool) (map[string]interface{}, error)
+	EthBlockFromTm(resBlock *tmrpctypes.ResultBlock, blockRes *tmrpctypes.ResultBlockResults) (*ethtypes.Block, error)
+
+	// Account Info
+	GetCode(address common.Address, blockNrOrHash rpctypes.BlockNumberOrHash) (hexutil.Bytes, error)
+	GetBalance(address common.Address, blockNrOrHash rpctypes.BlockNumberOrHash) (*hexutil.Big, error)
+	GetStorageAt(address common.Address, key string, blockNrOrHash rpctypes.BlockNumberOrHash) (hexutil.Bytes, error)
+	GetProof(address common.Address, storageKeys []string, blockNrOrHash rpctypes.BlockNumberOrHash) (*rpctypes.AccountResult, error)
+	GetTransactionCount(address common.Address, blockNum rpctypes.BlockNumber) (*hexutil.Uint64, error)
+
+	// Chain Info
+	ChainID() (*hexutil.Big, error)
+	ChainConfig() *params.ChainConfig
+	GlobalMinGasPrice() (sdk.Dec, error)
+	BaseFee(blockRes *tmrpctypes.ResultBlockResults) (*big.Int, error)
+	CurrentHeader() *ethtypes.Header
 	PendingTransactions() ([]*sdk.Tx, error)
-	GetTransactionCount(address common.Address, blockNum types.BlockNumber) (*hexutil.Uint64, error)
-	SendTransaction(args evmtypes.TransactionArgs) (common.Hash, error)
 	GetCoinbase() (sdk.AccAddress, error)
-	GetTransactionByHash(txHash common.Hash) (*types.RPCTransaction, error)
+	FeeHistory(blockCount rpc.DecimalOrHex, lastBlock rpc.BlockNumber, rewardPercentiles []float64) (*rpctypes.FeeHistoryResult, error)
+	SuggestGasTipCap(baseFee *big.Int) (*big.Int, error)
+
+	// Tx Info
+	GetTransactionByHash(txHash common.Hash) (*rpctypes.RPCTransaction, error)
 	GetTxByEthHash(txHash common.Hash) (*tmrpctypes.ResultTx, error)
 	GetTxByTxIndex(height int64, txIndex uint) (*tmrpctypes.ResultTx, error)
-	EstimateGas(args evmtypes.TransactionArgs, blockNrOptional *types.BlockNumber) (hexutil.Uint64, error)
+	GetTransactionByBlockAndIndex(block *tmrpctypes.ResultBlock, idx hexutil.Uint) (*rpctypes.RPCTransaction, error)
-	BaseFee(blockRes *tmrpctypes.ResultBlockResults) (*big.Int, error)
+	GetTransactionReceipt(hash common.Hash) (map[string]interface{}, error)
-	GlobalMinGasPrice() (sdk.Dec, error)
+	GetTransactionByBlockHashAndIndex(hash common.Hash, idx hexutil.Uint) (*rpctypes.RPCTransaction, error)
+	GetTransactionByBlockNumberAndIndex(blockNum rpctypes.BlockNumber, idx hexutil.Uint) (*rpctypes.RPCTransaction, error)
 
-	// Fee API
+	// Send Transaction
-	FeeHistory(blockCount rpc.DecimalOrHex, lastBlock rpc.BlockNumber, rewardPercentiles []float64) (*types.FeeHistoryResult, error)
+	Resend(args evmtypes.TransactionArgs, gasPrice *hexutil.Big, gasLimit *hexutil.Uint64) (common.Hash, error)
+	SendRawTransaction(data hexutil.Bytes) (common.Hash, error)
+	SetTxDefaults(args evmtypes.TransactionArgs) (evmtypes.TransactionArgs, error)
+	EstimateGas(args evmtypes.TransactionArgs, blockNrOptional *rpctypes.BlockNumber) (hexutil.Uint64, error)
+	DoCall(args evmtypes.TransactionArgs, blockNr rpctypes.BlockNumber) (*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTxResponse, error)
 
 	// Filter API
-	BloomStatus() (uint64, uint64)
 	GetLogs(hash common.Hash) ([][]*ethtypes.Log, error)
 	GetLogsByHeight(height *int64) ([][]*ethtypes.Log, error)
-	ChainConfig() *params.ChainConfig
+	BloomStatus() (uint64, uint64)
-	SetTxDefaults(args evmtypes.TransactionArgs) (evmtypes.TransactionArgs, error)
+
-	GetEthereumMsgsFromTendermintBlock(block *tmrpctypes.ResultBlock, blockRes *tmrpctypes.ResultBlockResults) []*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx
+	// Tracing
+	TraceTransaction(hash common.Hash, config *evmtypes.TraceConfig) (interface{}, error)
+	TraceBlock(height rpctypes.BlockNumber, config *evmtypes.TraceConfig, block *tmrpctypes.ResultBlock) ([]*evmtypes.TxTraceResult, error)
 }
 
 var _ BackendI = (*Backend)(nil)
 
+var bAttributeKeyEthereumBloom = []byte(evmtypes.AttributeKeyEthereumBloom)
+
 // Backend implements the BackendI interface
 type Backend struct {
 	ctx                 context.Context
 	clientCtx           client.Context
-	queryClient         *types.QueryClient // gRPC query client
+	queryClient         *rpctypes.QueryClient // gRPC query client
 	logger              log.Logger
 	chainID             *big.Int
 	cfg                 config.Config
@@ -107,10 +151,27 @@ func NewBackend(ctx *server.Context, logger log.Logger, clientCtx client.Context
 
 	appConf := config.GetConfig(ctx.Viper)
 
+	algos, _ := clientCtx.Keyring.SupportedAlgorithms()
+	if !algos.Contains(hd.EthSecp256k1) {
+		kr, err := keyring.New(
+			sdk.KeyringServiceName(),
+			viper.GetString(flags.FlagKeyringBackend),
+			clientCtx.KeyringDir,
+			clientCtx.Input,
+			clientCtx.Codec,
+			hd.EthSecp256k1Option(),
+		)
+		if err != nil {
+			panic(err)
+		}
+
+		clientCtx = clientCtx.WithKeyring(kr)
+	}
+
 	return &Backend{
 		ctx:                 context.Background(),
 		clientCtx:           clientCtx,
-		queryClient:         types.NewQueryClient(clientCtx),
+		queryClient:         rpctypes.NewQueryClient(clientCtx),
 		logger:              logger.With("module", "backend"),
 		chainID:             chainID,
 		cfg:                 appConf,

rpc/backend/backend_suite_test.go

@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
 package backend
 
 import (
+	"bufio"
+	"fmt"
 	"math/big"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/client"
+	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/crypto/keyring"
 	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/server"
 	sdk "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
@@ -13,10 +18,10 @@ import (
 	tmrpctypes "github.com/tendermint/tendermint/rpc/core/types"
 
 	"github.com/evmos/ethermint/app"
+	"github.com/evmos/ethermint/crypto/hd"
 	"github.com/evmos/ethermint/encoding"
 	"github.com/evmos/ethermint/rpc/backend/mocks"
-	ethrpc "github.com/evmos/ethermint/rpc/types"
+	rpctypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/rpc/types"
-	rpc "github.com/evmos/ethermint/rpc/types"
 	evmtypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/x/evm/types"
 )
 
@@ -34,17 +39,27 @@ func (suite *BackendTestSuite) SetupTest() {
 	ctx := server.NewDefaultContext()
 	ctx.Viper.Set("telemetry.global-labels", []interface{}{})
 
+	baseDir := suite.T().TempDir()
+	nodeDirName := fmt.Sprintf("node")
+	clientDir := filepath.Join(baseDir, nodeDirName, "evmoscli")
+	keyRing, err := suite.generateTestKeyring(clientDir)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
 	encodingConfig := encoding.MakeConfig(app.ModuleBasics)
 	clientCtx := client.Context{}.WithChainID("ethermint_9000-1").
 		WithHeight(1).
-		WithTxConfig(encodingConfig.TxConfig)
+		WithTxConfig(encodingConfig.TxConfig).
+		WithKeyringDir(clientDir).
+		WithKeyring(keyRing)
 
 	allowUnprotectedTxs := false
 
 	suite.backend = NewBackend(ctx, ctx.Logger, clientCtx, allowUnprotectedTxs)
 	suite.backend.queryClient.QueryClient = mocks.NewQueryClient(suite.T())
 	suite.backend.clientCtx.Client = mocks.NewClient(suite.T())
-	suite.backend.ctx = rpc.ContextWithHeight(1)
+	suite.backend.ctx = rpctypes.ContextWithHeight(1)
 }
 
 // buildEthereumTx returns an example legacy Ethereum transaction
@@ -94,7 +109,7 @@ func (suite *BackendTestSuite) buildFormattedBlock(
 	ethRPCTxs := []interface{}{}
 	if tx != nil {
 		if fullTx {
-			rpcTx, err := ethrpc.NewRPCTransaction(
+			rpcTx, err := rpctypes.NewRPCTransaction(
 				tx.AsTransaction(),
 				common.BytesToHash(header.Hash()),
 				uint64(header.Height),
@@ -108,7 +123,7 @@ func (suite *BackendTestSuite) buildFormattedBlock(
 		}
 	}
 
-	return ethrpc.FormatBlock(
+	return rpctypes.FormatBlock(
 		header,
 		resBlock.Block.Size(),
 		gasLimit,
@@ -119,3 +134,9 @@ func (suite *BackendTestSuite) buildFormattedBlock(
 		baseFee,
 	)
 }
+
+func (suite *BackendTestSuite) generateTestKeyring(clientDir string) (keyring.Keyring, error) {
+	buf := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
+	encCfg := encoding.MakeConfig(app.ModuleBasics)
+	return keyring.New(sdk.KeyringServiceName(), keyring.BackendTest, clientDir, buf, encCfg.Codec, []keyring.Option{hd.EthSecp256k1Option()}...)
+}

rpc/backend/blocks_info.go

@@ -0,0 +1,512 @@
+package backend
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"math/big"
+	"strconv"
+
+	sdk "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types"
+	grpctypes "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types/grpc"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
+	ethtypes "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
+	rpctypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/rpc/types"
+	evmtypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/x/evm/types"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	tmrpctypes "github.com/tendermint/tendermint/rpc/core/types"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/metadata"
+)
+
+// Getting Blocks
+//
+// Retrieves information from a particular block in the blockchain.
+// BlockNumber() (hexutil.Uint64, error)
+// GetBlockByNumber(ethBlockNum rpctypes.BlockNumber, fullTx bool) (map[string]interface{}, error)
+// GetBlockByHash(hash common.Hash, fullTx bool) (map[string]interface{}, error)
+
+// BlockNumber returns the current block number in abci app state.
+// Because abci app state could lag behind from tendermint latest block, it's more stable
+// for the client to use the latest block number in abci app state than tendermint rpc.
+func (b *Backend) BlockNumber() (hexutil.Uint64, error) {
+	// do any grpc query, ignore the response and use the returned block height
+	var header metadata.MD
+	_, err := b.queryClient.Params(b.ctx, &evmtypes.QueryParamsRequest{}, grpc.Header(&header))
+	if err != nil {
+		return hexutil.Uint64(0), err
+	}
+
+	blockHeightHeader := header.Get(grpctypes.GRPCBlockHeightHeader)
+	if headerLen := len(blockHeightHeader); headerLen != 1 {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("unexpected '%s' gRPC header length; got %d, expected: %d", grpctypes.GRPCBlockHeightHeader, headerLen, 1)
+	}
+
+	height, err := strconv.ParseUint(blockHeightHeader[0], 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse block height: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return hexutil.Uint64(height), nil
+}
+
+// GetBlockByNumber returns the block identified by number.
+func (b *Backend) GetBlockByNumber(blockNum rpctypes.BlockNumber, fullTx bool) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
+	resBlock, err := b.GetTendermintBlockByNumber(blockNum)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	// return if requested block height is greater than the current one
+	if resBlock == nil || resBlock.Block == nil {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	blockRes, err := b.GetTendermintBlockResultByNumber(&resBlock.Block.Height)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("failed to fetch block result from Tendermint", "height", blockNum, "error", err.Error())
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	res, err := b.EthBlockFromTendermint(resBlock, blockRes, fullTx)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("EthBlockFromTendermint failed", "height", blockNum, "error", err.Error())
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return res, nil
+}
+
+// GetBlockByHash returns the block identified by hash.
+func (b *Backend) GetBlockByHash(hash common.Hash, fullTx bool) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
+	resBlock, err := b.GetTendermintBlockByHash(hash)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if resBlock == nil {
+		// block not found
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	blockRes, err := b.GetTendermintBlockResultByNumber(&resBlock.Block.Height)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("failed to fetch block result from Tendermint", "block-hash", hash.String(), "error", err.Error())
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	res, err := b.EthBlockFromTendermint(resBlock, blockRes, fullTx)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("EthBlockFromTendermint failed", "hash", hash, "error", err.Error())
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return res, nil
+}
+
+// GetTendermintBlockByNumber returns a Tendermint formatted block for a given
+// block number
+func (b *Backend) GetTendermintBlockByNumber(blockNum rpctypes.BlockNumber) (*tmrpctypes.ResultBlock, error) {
+	height := blockNum.Int64()
+	if height <= 0 {
+		// fetch the latest block number from the app state, more accurate than the tendermint block store state.
+		n, err := b.BlockNumber()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		height = int64(n)
+	}
+	resBlock, err := b.clientCtx.Client.Block(b.ctx, &height)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("tendermint client failed to get block", "height", height, "error", err.Error())
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if resBlock.Block == nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("GetTendermintBlockByNumber block not found", "height", height)
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	return resBlock, nil
+}
+
+// BlockBloom query block bloom filter from block results
+func (b *Backend) BlockBloom(blockRes *tmrpctypes.ResultBlockResults) (ethtypes.Bloom, error) {
+	for _, event := range blockRes.EndBlockEvents {
+		if event.Type != evmtypes.EventTypeBlockBloom {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		for _, attr := range event.Attributes {
+			if bytes.Equal(attr.Key, bAttributeKeyEthereumBloom) {
+				return ethtypes.BytesToBloom(attr.Value), nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return ethtypes.Bloom{}, errors.New("block bloom event is not found")
+}
+
+// GetTendermintBlockResultByNumber returns a Tendermint-formatted block result by block number
+func (b *Backend) GetTendermintBlockResultByNumber(height *int64) (*tmrpctypes.ResultBlockResults, error) {
+	return b.clientCtx.Client.BlockResults(b.ctx, height)
+}
+
+// GetTendermintBlockByHash returns a Tendermint format block by block number
+func (b *Backend) GetTendermintBlockByHash(blockHash common.Hash) (*tmrpctypes.ResultBlock, error) {
+	resBlock, err := b.clientCtx.Client.BlockByHash(b.ctx, blockHash.Bytes())
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("tendermint client failed to get block", "blockHash", blockHash.Hex(), "error", err.Error())
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if resBlock == nil || resBlock.Block == nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("GetTendermintBlockByHash block not found", "blockHash", blockHash.Hex())
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	return resBlock, nil
+}
+
+// BlockByNumber returns the block identified by number.
+func (b *Backend) BlockByNumber(blockNum rpctypes.BlockNumber) (*ethtypes.Block, error) {
+	resBlock, err := b.GetTendermintBlockByNumber(blockNum)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if resBlock == nil {
+		// block not found
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("block not found for height %d", blockNum)
+	}
+
+	blockRes, err := b.GetTendermintBlockResultByNumber(&resBlock.Block.Height)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("block result not found for height %d", resBlock.Block.Height)
+	}
+
+	return b.EthBlockFromTm(resBlock, blockRes)
+}
+
+// BlockByHash returns the block identified by hash.
+func (b *Backend) BlockByHash(hash common.Hash) (*ethtypes.Block, error) {
+	resBlock, err := b.GetTendermintBlockByHash(hash)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if resBlock == nil || resBlock.Block == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("block not found for hash %s", hash)
+	}
+
+	blockRes, err := b.GetTendermintBlockResultByNumber(&resBlock.Block.Height)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("block result not found for hash %s", hash)
+	}
+
+	return b.EthBlockFromTm(resBlock, blockRes)
+}
+
+// GetBlockNumberByHash returns the block height of given block hash
+func (b *Backend) GetBlockNumberByHash(blockHash common.Hash) (*big.Int, error) {
+	resBlock, err := b.GetTendermintBlockByHash(blockHash)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if resBlock == nil {
+		return nil, errors.Errorf("block not found for hash %s", blockHash.Hex())
+	}
+	return big.NewInt(resBlock.Block.Height), nil
+}
+
+// getBlockNumber returns the BlockNumber from BlockNumberOrHash
+func (b *Backend) GetBlockNumber(blockNrOrHash rpctypes.BlockNumberOrHash) (rpctypes.BlockNumber, error) {
+	switch {
+	case blockNrOrHash.BlockHash == nil && blockNrOrHash.BlockNumber == nil:
+		return rpctypes.EthEarliestBlockNumber, fmt.Errorf("types BlockHash and BlockNumber cannot be both nil")
+	case blockNrOrHash.BlockHash != nil:
+		blockNumber, err := b.GetBlockNumberByHash(*blockNrOrHash.BlockHash)
+		if err != nil {
+			return rpctypes.EthEarliestBlockNumber, err
+		}
+		return rpctypes.NewBlockNumber(blockNumber), nil
+	case blockNrOrHash.BlockNumber != nil:
+		return *blockNrOrHash.BlockNumber, nil
+	default:
+		return rpctypes.EthEarliestBlockNumber, nil
+	}
+}
+
+// GetBlockTransactionCountByHash returns the number of transactions in the block identified by hash.
+func (b *Backend) GetBlockTransactionCountByHash(hash common.Hash) *hexutil.Uint {
+	block, err := b.clientCtx.Client.BlockByHash(b.ctx, hash.Bytes())
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("block not found", "hash", hash.Hex(), "error", err.Error())
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if block.Block == nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("block not found", "hash", hash.Hex())
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	blockRes, err := b.GetTendermintBlockResultByNumber(&block.Block.Height)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	ethMsgs := b.GetEthereumMsgsFromTendermintBlock(block, blockRes)
+	n := hexutil.Uint(len(ethMsgs))
+	return &n
+}
+
+// GetBlockTransactionCountByNumber returns the number of transactions in the block identified by number.
+func (b *Backend) GetBlockTransactionCountByNumber(blockNum rpctypes.BlockNumber) *hexutil.Uint {
+	block, err := b.GetTendermintBlockByNumber(blockNum)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("block not found", "height", blockNum.Int64(), "error", err.Error())
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if block.Block == nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("block not found", "height", blockNum.Int64())
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	blockRes, err := b.GetTendermintBlockResultByNumber(&block.Block.Height)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	ethMsgs := b.GetEthereumMsgsFromTendermintBlock(block, blockRes)
+	n := hexutil.Uint(len(ethMsgs))
+	return &n
+}
+
+// GetEthereumMsgsFromTendermintBlock returns all real MsgEthereumTxs from a
+// Tendermint block. It also ensures consistency over the correct txs indexes
+// across RPC endpoints
+func (b *Backend) GetEthereumMsgsFromTendermintBlock(
+	resBlock *tmrpctypes.ResultBlock,
+	blockRes *tmrpctypes.ResultBlockResults,
+) []*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx {
+	var result []*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx
+	block := resBlock.Block
+
+	txResults := blockRes.TxsResults
+
+	for i, tx := range block.Txs {
+		// Check if tx exists on EVM by cross checking with blockResults:
+		//  - Include unsuccessful tx that exceeds block gas limit
+		//  - Exclude unsuccessful tx with any other error but ExceedBlockGasLimit
+		if !TxSuccessOrExceedsBlockGasLimit(txResults[i]) {
+			b.logger.Debug("invalid tx result code", "cosmos-hash", hexutil.Encode(tx.Hash()))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		tx, err := b.clientCtx.TxConfig.TxDecoder()(tx)
+		if err != nil {
+			b.logger.Debug("failed to decode transaction in block", "height", block.Height, "error", err.Error())
+			continue
+		}
+
+		for _, msg := range tx.GetMsgs() {
+			ethMsg, ok := msg.(*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx)
+			if !ok {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			ethMsg.Hash = ethMsg.AsTransaction().Hash().Hex()
+			result = append(result, ethMsg)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return result
+}
+
+// HeaderByNumber returns the block header identified by height.
+func (b *Backend) HeaderByNumber(blockNum rpctypes.BlockNumber) (*ethtypes.Header, error) {
+	resBlock, err := b.GetTendermintBlockByNumber(blockNum)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if resBlock == nil {
+		return nil, errors.Errorf("block not found for height %d", blockNum)
+	}
+
+	blockRes, err := b.GetTendermintBlockResultByNumber(&resBlock.Block.Height)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("block result not found for height %d", resBlock.Block.Height)
+	}
+
+	bloom, err := b.BlockBloom(blockRes)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("HeaderByNumber BlockBloom failed", "height", resBlock.Block.Height)
+	}
+
+	baseFee, err := b.BaseFee(blockRes)
+	if err != nil {
+		// handle the error for pruned node.
+		b.logger.Error("failed to fetch Base Fee from prunned block. Check node prunning configuration", "height", resBlock.Block.Height, "error", err)
+	}
+
+	ethHeader := rpctypes.EthHeaderFromTendermint(resBlock.Block.Header, bloom, baseFee)
+	return ethHeader, nil
+}
+
+// HeaderByHash returns the block header identified by hash.
+func (b *Backend) HeaderByHash(blockHash common.Hash) (*ethtypes.Header, error) {
+	resBlock, err := b.GetTendermintBlockByHash(blockHash)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if resBlock == nil {
+		return nil, errors.Errorf("block not found for hash %s", blockHash.Hex())
+	}
+
+	blockRes, err := b.GetTendermintBlockResultByNumber(&resBlock.Block.Height)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Errorf("block result not found for height %d", resBlock.Block.Height)
+	}
+
+	bloom, err := b.BlockBloom(blockRes)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("HeaderByHash BlockBloom failed", "height", resBlock.Block.Height)
+	}
+
+	baseFee, err := b.BaseFee(blockRes)
+	if err != nil {
+		// handle the error for pruned node.
+		b.logger.Error("failed to fetch Base Fee from prunned block. Check node prunning configuration", "height", resBlock.Block.Height, "error", err)
+	}
+
+	ethHeader := rpctypes.EthHeaderFromTendermint(resBlock.Block.Header, bloom, baseFee)
+	return ethHeader, nil
+}
+
+// EthBlockFromTendermint returns a JSON-RPC compatible Ethereum block from a
+// given Tendermint block and its block result.
+func (b *Backend) EthBlockFromTendermint(
+	resBlock *tmrpctypes.ResultBlock,
+	blockRes *tmrpctypes.ResultBlockResults,
+	fullTx bool,
+) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
+	ethRPCTxs := []interface{}{}
+	block := resBlock.Block
+
+	baseFee, err := b.BaseFee(blockRes)
+	if err != nil {
+		// handle the error for pruned node.
+		b.logger.Error("failed to fetch Base Fee from prunned block. Check node prunning configuration", "height", block.Height, "error", err)
+	}
+
+	msgs := b.GetEthereumMsgsFromTendermintBlock(resBlock, blockRes)
+	for txIndex, ethMsg := range msgs {
+		if !fullTx {
+			hash := common.HexToHash(ethMsg.Hash)
+			ethRPCTxs = append(ethRPCTxs, hash)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		tx := ethMsg.AsTransaction()
+		rpcTx, err := rpctypes.NewRPCTransaction(
+			tx,
+			common.BytesToHash(block.Hash()),
+			uint64(block.Height),
+			uint64(txIndex),
+			baseFee,
+		)
+		if err != nil {
+			b.logger.Debug("NewTransactionFromData for receipt failed", "hash", tx.Hash().Hex(), "error", err.Error())
+			continue
+		}
+		ethRPCTxs = append(ethRPCTxs, rpcTx)
+	}
+
+	bloom, err := b.BlockBloom(blockRes)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("failed to query BlockBloom", "height", block.Height, "error", err.Error())
+	}
+
+	req := &evmtypes.QueryValidatorAccountRequest{
+		ConsAddress: sdk.ConsAddress(block.Header.ProposerAddress).String(),
+	}
+
+	var validatorAccAddr sdk.AccAddress
+
+	ctx := rpctypes.ContextWithHeight(block.Height)
+	res, err := b.queryClient.ValidatorAccount(ctx, req)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug(
+			"failed to query validator operator address",
+			"height", block.Height,
+			"cons-address", req.ConsAddress,
+			"error", err.Error(),
+		)
+		// use zero address as the validator operator address
+		validatorAccAddr = sdk.AccAddress(common.Address{}.Bytes())
+	} else {
+		validatorAccAddr, err = sdk.AccAddressFromBech32(res.AccountAddress)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	validatorAddr := common.BytesToAddress(validatorAccAddr)
+
+	gasLimit, err := rpctypes.BlockMaxGasFromConsensusParams(ctx, b.clientCtx, block.Height)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Error("failed to query consensus params", "error", err.Error())
+	}
+
+	gasUsed := uint64(0)
+
+	for _, txsResult := range blockRes.TxsResults {
+		// workaround for cosmos-sdk bug. https://github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/issues/10832
+		if ShouldIgnoreGasUsed(txsResult) {
+			// block gas limit has exceeded, other txs must have failed with same reason.
+			break
+		}
+		gasUsed += uint64(txsResult.GetGasUsed())
+	}
+
+	formattedBlock := rpctypes.FormatBlock(
+		block.Header, block.Size(),
+		gasLimit, new(big.Int).SetUint64(gasUsed),
+		ethRPCTxs, bloom, validatorAddr, baseFee,
+	)
+	return formattedBlock, nil
+}
+
+// Returns and Ethereum Block type from Tendermint block
+func (b *Backend) EthBlockFromTm(resBlock *tmrpctypes.ResultBlock, blockRes *tmrpctypes.ResultBlockResults) (*ethtypes.Block, error) {
+	block := resBlock.Block
+	height := block.Height
+	bloom, err := b.BlockBloom(blockRes)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("HeaderByNumber BlockBloom failed", "height", height)
+	}
+
+	baseFee, err := b.BaseFee(blockRes)
+	if err != nil {
+		// handle error for pruned node and log
+		b.logger.Error("failed to fetch Base Fee from prunned block. Check node prunning configuration", "height", height, "error", err)
+	}
+
+	ethHeader := rpctypes.EthHeaderFromTendermint(block.Header, bloom, baseFee)
+
+	resBlockResult, err := b.GetTendermintBlockResultByNumber(&block.Height)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	msgs := b.GetEthereumMsgsFromTendermintBlock(resBlock, resBlockResult)
+
+	txs := make([]*ethtypes.Transaction, len(msgs))
+	for i, ethMsg := range msgs {
+		txs[i] = ethMsg.AsTransaction()
+	}
+
+	// TODO: add tx receipts
+	ethBlock := ethtypes.NewBlock(ethHeader, txs, nil, nil, nil)
+	return ethBlock, nil
+}

rpc/backend/call_tx.go

@@ -0,0 +1,364 @@
+package backend
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"math/big"
+
+	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/client/flags"
+	sdkerrors "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types/errors"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
+	ethtypes "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
+	rpctypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/rpc/types"
+	ethermint "github.com/evmos/ethermint/types"
+	evmtypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/x/evm/types"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
+)
+
+// Resend accepts an existing transaction and a new gas price and limit. It will remove
+// the given transaction from the pool and reinsert it with the new gas price and limit.
+func (b *Backend) Resend(args evmtypes.TransactionArgs, gasPrice *hexutil.Big, gasLimit *hexutil.Uint64) (common.Hash, error) {
+	if args.Nonce == nil {
+		return common.Hash{}, fmt.Errorf("missing transaction nonce in transaction spec")
+	}
+
+	args, err := b.SetTxDefaults(args)
+	if err != nil {
+		return common.Hash{}, err
+	}
+
+	// The signer used should always be the 'latest' known one because we expect
+	// signers to be backwards-compatible with old transactions.
+	eip155ChainID, err := ethermint.ParseChainID(b.clientCtx.ChainID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return common.Hash{}, err
+	}
+
+	cfg := b.ChainConfig()
+	if cfg == nil {
+		cfg = evmtypes.DefaultChainConfig().EthereumConfig(eip155ChainID)
+	}
+
+	signer := ethtypes.LatestSigner(cfg)
+
+	matchTx := args.ToTransaction().AsTransaction()
+
+	// Before replacing the old transaction, ensure the _new_ transaction fee is reasonable.
+	price := matchTx.GasPrice()
+	if gasPrice != nil {
+		price = gasPrice.ToInt()
+	}
+	gas := matchTx.Gas()
+	if gasLimit != nil {
+		gas = uint64(*gasLimit)
+	}
+	if err := rpctypes.CheckTxFee(price, gas, b.RPCTxFeeCap()); err != nil {
+		return common.Hash{}, err
+	}
+
+	pending, err := b.PendingTransactions()
+	if err != nil {
+		return common.Hash{}, err
+	}
+
+	for _, tx := range pending {
+		// FIXME does Resend api possible at all?  https://github.com/evmos/ethermint/issues/905
+		p, err := evmtypes.UnwrapEthereumMsg(tx, common.Hash{})
+		if err != nil {
+			// not valid ethereum tx
+			continue
+		}
+
+		pTx := p.AsTransaction()
+
+		wantSigHash := signer.Hash(matchTx)
+		pFrom, err := ethtypes.Sender(signer, pTx)
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if pFrom == *args.From && signer.Hash(pTx) == wantSigHash {
+			// Match. Re-sign and send the transaction.
+			if gasPrice != nil && (*big.Int)(gasPrice).Sign() != 0 {
+				args.GasPrice = gasPrice
+			}
+			if gasLimit != nil && *gasLimit != 0 {
+				args.Gas = gasLimit
+			}
+
+			return b.SendTransaction(args) // TODO: this calls SetTxDefaults again, refactor to avoid calling it twice
+		}
+	}
+
+	return common.Hash{}, fmt.Errorf("transaction %#x not found", matchTx.Hash())
+}
+
+// SendRawTransaction send a raw Ethereum transaction.
+func (b *Backend) SendRawTransaction(data hexutil.Bytes) (common.Hash, error) {
+	// RLP decode raw transaction bytes
+	tx := &ethtypes.Transaction{}
+	if err := tx.UnmarshalBinary(data); err != nil {
+		b.logger.Error("transaction decoding failed", "error", err.Error())
+		return common.Hash{}, err
+	}
+
+	// check the local node config in case unprotected txs are disabled
+	if !b.UnprotectedAllowed() && !tx.Protected() {
+		// Ensure only eip155 signed transactions are submitted if EIP155Required is set.
+		return common.Hash{}, errors.New("only replay-protected (EIP-155) transactions allowed over RPC")
+	}
+
+	ethereumTx := &evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx{}
+	if err := ethereumTx.FromEthereumTx(tx); err != nil {
+		b.logger.Error("transaction converting failed", "error", err.Error())
+		return common.Hash{}, err
+	}
+
+	if err := ethereumTx.ValidateBasic(); err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("tx failed basic validation", "error", err.Error())
+		return common.Hash{}, err
+	}
+
+	// Query params to use the EVM denomination
+	res, err := b.queryClient.QueryClient.Params(b.ctx, &evmtypes.QueryParamsRequest{})
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Error("failed to query evm params", "error", err.Error())
+		return common.Hash{}, err
+	}
+
+	cosmosTx, err := ethereumTx.BuildTx(b.clientCtx.TxConfig.NewTxBuilder(), res.Params.EvmDenom)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Error("failed to build cosmos tx", "error", err.Error())
+		return common.Hash{}, err
+	}
+
+	// Encode transaction by default Tx encoder
+	txBytes, err := b.clientCtx.TxConfig.TxEncoder()(cosmosTx)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Error("failed to encode eth tx using default encoder", "error", err.Error())
+		return common.Hash{}, err
+	}
+
+	txHash := ethereumTx.AsTransaction().Hash()
+
+	syncCtx := b.clientCtx.WithBroadcastMode(flags.BroadcastSync)
+	rsp, err := syncCtx.BroadcastTx(txBytes)
+	if rsp != nil && rsp.Code != 0 {
+		err = sdkerrors.ABCIError(rsp.Codespace, rsp.Code, rsp.RawLog)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Error("failed to broadcast tx", "error", err.Error())
+		return txHash, err
+	}
+
+	return txHash, nil
+}
+
+// SetTxDefaults populates tx message with default values in case they are not
+// provided on the args
+func (b *Backend) SetTxDefaults(args evmtypes.TransactionArgs) (evmtypes.TransactionArgs, error) {
+	if args.GasPrice != nil && (args.MaxFeePerGas != nil || args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas != nil) {
+		return args, errors.New("both gasPrice and (maxFeePerGas or maxPriorityFeePerGas) specified")
+	}
+
+	head := b.CurrentHeader()
+	if head == nil {
+		return args, errors.New("latest header is nil")
+	}
+
+	// If user specifies both maxPriorityfee and maxFee, then we do not
+	// need to consult the chain for defaults. It's definitely a London tx.
+	if args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas == nil || args.MaxFeePerGas == nil {
+		// In this clause, user left some fields unspecified.
+		if head.BaseFee != nil && args.GasPrice == nil {
+			if args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas == nil {
+				tip, err := b.SuggestGasTipCap(head.BaseFee)
+				if err != nil {
+					return args, err
+				}
+				args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas = (*hexutil.Big)(tip)
+			}
+
+			if args.MaxFeePerGas == nil {
+				gasFeeCap := new(big.Int).Add(
+					(*big.Int)(args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas),
+					new(big.Int).Mul(head.BaseFee, big.NewInt(2)),
+				)
+				args.MaxFeePerGas = (*hexutil.Big)(gasFeeCap)
+			}
+
+			if args.MaxFeePerGas.ToInt().Cmp(args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas.ToInt()) < 0 {
+				return args, fmt.Errorf("maxFeePerGas (%v) < maxPriorityFeePerGas (%v)", args.MaxFeePerGas, args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas)
+			}
+
+		} else {
+			if args.MaxFeePerGas != nil || args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas != nil {
+				return args, errors.New("maxFeePerGas or maxPriorityFeePerGas specified but london is not active yet")
+			}
+
+			if args.GasPrice == nil {
+				price, err := b.SuggestGasTipCap(head.BaseFee)
+				if err != nil {
+					return args, err
+				}
+				if head.BaseFee != nil {
+					// The legacy tx gas price suggestion should not add 2x base fee
+					// because all fees are consumed, so it would result in a spiral
+					// upwards.
+					price.Add(price, head.BaseFee)
+				}
+				args.GasPrice = (*hexutil.Big)(price)
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		// Both maxPriorityfee and maxFee set by caller. Sanity-check their internal relation
+		if args.MaxFeePerGas.ToInt().Cmp(args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas.ToInt()) < 0 {
+			return args, fmt.Errorf("maxFeePerGas (%v) < maxPriorityFeePerGas (%v)", args.MaxFeePerGas, args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if args.Value == nil {
+		args.Value = new(hexutil.Big)
+	}
+	if args.Nonce == nil {
+		// get the nonce from the account retriever
+		// ignore error in case tge account doesn't exist yet
+		nonce, _ := b.getAccountNonce(*args.From, true, 0, b.logger)
+		args.Nonce = (*hexutil.Uint64)(&nonce)
+	}
+
+	if args.Data != nil && args.Input != nil && !bytes.Equal(*args.Data, *args.Input) {
+		return args, errors.New("both 'data' and 'input' are set and not equal. Please use 'input' to pass transaction call data")
+	}
+
+	if args.To == nil {
+		// Contract creation
+		var input []byte
+		if args.Data != nil {
+			input = *args.Data
+		} else if args.Input != nil {
+			input = *args.Input
+		}
+
+		if len(input) == 0 {
+			return args, errors.New("contract creation without any data provided")
+		}
+	}
+
+	if args.Gas == nil {
+		// For backwards-compatibility reason, we try both input and data
+		// but input is preferred.
+		input := args.Input
+		if input == nil {
+			input = args.Data
+		}
+
+		callArgs := evmtypes.TransactionArgs{
+			From:                 args.From,
+			To:                   args.To,
+			Gas:                  args.Gas,
+			GasPrice:             args.GasPrice,
+			MaxFeePerGas:         args.MaxFeePerGas,
+			MaxPriorityFeePerGas: args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas,
+			Value:                args.Value,
+			Data:                 input,
+			AccessList:           args.AccessList,
+		}
+
+		blockNr := rpctypes.NewBlockNumber(big.NewInt(0))
+		estimated, err := b.EstimateGas(callArgs, &blockNr)
+		if err != nil {
+			return args, err
+		}
+		args.Gas = &estimated
+		b.logger.Debug("estimate gas usage automatically", "gas", args.Gas)
+	}
+
+	if args.ChainID == nil {
+		args.ChainID = (*hexutil.Big)(b.chainID)
+	}
+
+	return args, nil
+}
+
+// EstimateGas returns an estimate of gas usage for the given smart contract call.
+func (b *Backend) EstimateGas(args evmtypes.TransactionArgs, blockNrOptional *rpctypes.BlockNumber) (hexutil.Uint64, error) {
+	blockNr := rpctypes.EthPendingBlockNumber
+	if blockNrOptional != nil {
+		blockNr = *blockNrOptional
+	}
+
+	bz, err := json.Marshal(&args)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+
+	req := evmtypes.EthCallRequest{
+		Args:   bz,
+		GasCap: b.RPCGasCap(),
+	}
+
+	// From ContextWithHeight: if the provided height is 0,
+	// it will return an empty context and the gRPC query will use
+	// the latest block height for querying.
+	res, err := b.queryClient.EstimateGas(rpctypes.ContextWithHeight(blockNr.Int64()), &req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	return hexutil.Uint64(res.Gas), nil
+}
+
+// DoCall performs a simulated call operation through the evmtypes. It returns the
+// estimated gas used on the operation or an error if fails.
+func (b *Backend) DoCall(
+	args evmtypes.TransactionArgs, blockNr rpctypes.BlockNumber,
+) (*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTxResponse, error) {
+	bz, err := json.Marshal(&args)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	req := evmtypes.EthCallRequest{
+		Args:   bz,
+		GasCap: b.RPCGasCap(),
+	}
+
+	// From ContextWithHeight: if the provided height is 0,
+	// it will return an empty context and the gRPC query will use
+	// the latest block height for querying.
+	ctx := rpctypes.ContextWithHeight(blockNr.Int64())
+	timeout := b.RPCEVMTimeout()
+
+	// Setup context so it may be canceled the call has completed
+	// or, in case of unmetered gas, setup a context with a timeout.
+	var cancel context.CancelFunc
+	if timeout > 0 {
+		ctx, cancel = context.WithTimeout(ctx, timeout)
+	} else {
+		ctx, cancel = context.WithCancel(ctx)
+	}
+
+	// Make sure the context is canceled when the call has completed
+	// this makes sure resources are cleaned up.
+	defer cancel()
+
+	res, err := b.queryClient.EthCall(ctx, &req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if res.Failed() {
+		if res.VmError != vm.ErrExecutionReverted.Error() {
+			return nil, status.Error(codes.Internal, res.VmError)
+		}
+		return nil, evmtypes.NewExecErrorWithReason(res.Ret)
+	}
+
+	return res, nil
+}

rpc/backend/chain_info.go

@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+package backend
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"math/big"
+	"strconv"
+
+	sdk "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
+	ethtypes "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc"
+	rpctypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/rpc/types"
+	ethermint "github.com/evmos/ethermint/types"
+	evmtypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/x/evm/types"
+	feemarkettypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/x/feemarket/types"
+	tmrpctypes "github.com/tendermint/tendermint/rpc/core/types"
+)
+
+// ChainID is the EIP-155 replay-protection chain id for the current ethereum chain config.
+func (b *Backend) ChainID() (*hexutil.Big, error) {
+	eip155ChainID, err := ethermint.ParseChainID(b.clientCtx.ChainID)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	// if current block is at or past the EIP-155 replay-protection fork block, return chainID from config
+	bn, err := b.BlockNumber()
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("failed to fetch latest block number", "error", err.Error())
+		return (*hexutil.Big)(eip155ChainID), nil
+	}
+
+	if config := b.ChainConfig(); config.IsEIP155(new(big.Int).SetUint64(uint64(bn))) {
+		return (*hexutil.Big)(config.ChainID), nil
+	}
+
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("chain not synced beyond EIP-155 replay-protection fork block")
+}
+
+// ChainConfig returns the latest ethereum chain configuration
+func (b *Backend) ChainConfig() *params.ChainConfig {
+	params, err := b.queryClient.Params(b.ctx, &evmtypes.QueryParamsRequest{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	return params.Params.ChainConfig.EthereumConfig(b.chainID)
+}
+
+// GlobalMinGasPrice returns MinGasPrice param from FeeMarket
+func (b *Backend) GlobalMinGasPrice() (sdk.Dec, error) {
+	res, err := b.queryClient.FeeMarket.Params(b.ctx, &feemarkettypes.QueryParamsRequest{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return sdk.ZeroDec(), err
+	}
+	return res.Params.MinGasPrice, nil
+}
+
+// BaseFee returns the base fee tracked by the Fee Market module.
+// If the base fee is not enabled globally, the query returns nil.
+// If the London hard fork is not activated at the current height, the query will
+// return nil.
+func (b *Backend) BaseFee(blockRes *tmrpctypes.ResultBlockResults) (*big.Int, error) {
+	// return BaseFee if London hard fork is activated and feemarket is enabled
+	res, err := b.queryClient.BaseFee(rpctypes.ContextWithHeight(blockRes.Height), &evmtypes.QueryBaseFeeRequest{})
+	if err != nil || res.BaseFee == nil {
+		// we can't tell if it's london HF not enabled or the state is pruned,
+		// in either case, we'll fallback to parsing from begin blocker event,
+		// faster to iterate reversely
+		for i := len(blockRes.BeginBlockEvents) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+			evt := blockRes.BeginBlockEvents[i]
+			if evt.Type == feemarkettypes.EventTypeFeeMarket && len(evt.Attributes) > 0 {
+				baseFee, err := strconv.ParseInt(string(evt.Attributes[0].Value), 10, 64)
+				if err == nil {
+					return big.NewInt(baseFee), nil
+				}
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if res.BaseFee == nil {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	return res.BaseFee.BigInt(), nil
+}
+
+// CurrentHeader returns the latest block header
+func (b *Backend) CurrentHeader() *ethtypes.Header {
+	header, _ := b.HeaderByNumber(rpctypes.EthLatestBlockNumber)
+	return header
+}
+
+// PendingTransactions returns the transactions that are in the transaction pool
+// and have a from address that is one of the accounts this node manages.
+func (b *Backend) PendingTransactions() ([]*sdk.Tx, error) {
+	res, err := b.clientCtx.Client.UnconfirmedTxs(b.ctx, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	result := make([]*sdk.Tx, 0, len(res.Txs))
+	for _, txBz := range res.Txs {
+		tx, err := b.clientCtx.TxConfig.TxDecoder()(txBz)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		result = append(result, &tx)
+	}
+
+	return result, nil
+}
+
+// GetCoinbase is the address that staking rewards will be send to (alias for Etherbase).
+func (b *Backend) GetCoinbase() (sdk.AccAddress, error) {
+	node, err := b.clientCtx.GetNode()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	status, err := node.Status(b.ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	req := &evmtypes.QueryValidatorAccountRequest{
+		ConsAddress: sdk.ConsAddress(status.ValidatorInfo.Address).String(),
+	}
+
+	res, err := b.queryClient.ValidatorAccount(b.ctx, req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	address, _ := sdk.AccAddressFromBech32(res.AccountAddress)
+	return address, nil
+}
+
+// FeeHistory returns data relevant for fee estimation based on the specified range of blocks.
+func (b *Backend) FeeHistory(
+	userBlockCount rpc.DecimalOrHex, // number blocks to fetch, maximum is 100
+	lastBlock rpc.BlockNumber, // the block to start search , to oldest
+	rewardPercentiles []float64, // percentiles to fetch reward
+) (*rpctypes.FeeHistoryResult, error) {
+	blockEnd := int64(lastBlock)
+
+	if blockEnd <= 0 {
+		blockNumber, err := b.BlockNumber()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		blockEnd = int64(blockNumber)
+	}
+	userBlockCountInt := int64(userBlockCount)
+	maxBlockCount := int64(b.cfg.JSONRPC.FeeHistoryCap)
+	if userBlockCountInt > maxBlockCount {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("FeeHistory user block count %d higher than %d", userBlockCountInt, maxBlockCount)
+	}
+	blockStart := blockEnd - userBlockCountInt
+	if blockStart < 0 {
+		blockStart = 0
+	}
+
+	blockCount := blockEnd - blockStart
+
+	oldestBlock := (*hexutil.Big)(big.NewInt(blockStart))
+
+	// prepare space
+	reward := make([][]*hexutil.Big, blockCount)
+	rewardCount := len(rewardPercentiles)
+	for i := 0; i < int(blockCount); i++ {
+		reward[i] = make([]*hexutil.Big, rewardCount)
+	}
+	thisBaseFee := make([]*hexutil.Big, blockCount)
+	thisGasUsedRatio := make([]float64, blockCount)
+
+	// rewards should only be calculated if reward percentiles were included
+	calculateRewards := rewardCount != 0
+
+	// fetch block
+	for blockID := blockStart; blockID < blockEnd; blockID++ {
+		index := int32(blockID - blockStart)
+		// tendermint block
+		tendermintblock, err := b.GetTendermintBlockByNumber(rpctypes.BlockNumber(blockID))
+		if tendermintblock == nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		// eth block
+		ethBlock, err := b.GetBlockByNumber(rpctypes.BlockNumber(blockID), true)
+		if ethBlock == nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		// tendermint block result
+		tendermintBlockResult, err := b.GetTendermintBlockResultByNumber(&tendermintblock.Block.Height)
+		if tendermintBlockResult == nil {
+			b.logger.Debug("block result not found", "height", tendermintblock.Block.Height, "error", err.Error())
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		oneFeeHistory := rpctypes.OneFeeHistory{}
+		err = b.processBlock(tendermintblock, &ethBlock, rewardPercentiles, tendermintBlockResult, &oneFeeHistory)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		// copy
+		thisBaseFee[index] = (*hexutil.Big)(oneFeeHistory.BaseFee)
+		thisGasUsedRatio[index] = oneFeeHistory.GasUsedRatio
+		if calculateRewards {
+			for j := 0; j < rewardCount; j++ {
+				reward[index][j] = (*hexutil.Big)(oneFeeHistory.Reward[j])
+				if reward[index][j] == nil {
+					reward[index][j] = (*hexutil.Big)(big.NewInt(0))
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	feeHistory := rpctypes.FeeHistoryResult{
+		OldestBlock:  oldestBlock,
+		BaseFee:      thisBaseFee,
+		GasUsedRatio: thisGasUsedRatio,
+	}
+
+	if calculateRewards {
+		feeHistory.Reward = reward
+	}
+
+	return &feeHistory, nil
+}
+
+// SuggestGasTipCap returns the suggested tip cap
+// Although we don't support tx prioritization yet, but we return a positive value to help client to
+// mitigate the base fee changes.
+func (b *Backend) SuggestGasTipCap(baseFee *big.Int) (*big.Int, error) {
+	if baseFee == nil {
+		// london hardfork not enabled or feemarket not enabled
+		return big.NewInt(0), nil
+	}
+
+	params, err := b.queryClient.FeeMarket.Params(b.ctx, &feemarkettypes.QueryParamsRequest{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	// calculate the maximum base fee delta in current block, assuming all block gas limit is consumed
+	// ```
+	// GasTarget = GasLimit / ElasticityMultiplier
+	// Delta = BaseFee * (GasUsed - GasTarget) / GasTarget / Denominator
+	// ```
+	// The delta is at maximum when `GasUsed` is equal to `GasLimit`, which is:
+	// ```
+	// MaxDelta = BaseFee * (GasLimit - GasLimit / ElasticityMultiplier) / (GasLimit / ElasticityMultiplier) / Denominator
+	//          = BaseFee * (ElasticityMultiplier - 1) / Denominator
+	// ```
+	maxDelta := baseFee.Int64() * (int64(params.Params.ElasticityMultiplier) - 1) / int64(params.Params.BaseFeeChangeDenominator)
+	if maxDelta < 0 {
+		// impossible if the parameter validation passed.
+		maxDelta = 0
+	}
+	return big.NewInt(maxDelta), nil
+}

rpc/backend/filters.go

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+package backend
+
+import (
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	ethtypes "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+)
+
+// GetLogs returns all the logs from all the ethereum transactions in a block.
+func (b *Backend) GetLogs(hash common.Hash) ([][]*ethtypes.Log, error) {
+	resBlock, err := b.GetTendermintBlockByHash(hash)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if resBlock == nil {
+		return nil, errors.Errorf("block not found for hash %s", hash)
+	}
+
+	return b.GetLogsByHeight(&resBlock.Block.Header.Height)
+}
+
+// GetLogsByHeight returns all the logs from all the ethereum transactions in a block.
+func (b *Backend) GetLogsByHeight(height *int64) ([][]*ethtypes.Log, error) {
+	// NOTE: we query the state in case the tx result logs are not persisted after an upgrade.
+	blockRes, err := b.GetTendermintBlockResultByNumber(height)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return GetLogsFromBlockResults(blockRes)
+}
+
+// BloomStatus returns the BloomBitsBlocks and the number of processed sections maintained
+// by the chain indexer.
+func (b *Backend) BloomStatus() (uint64, uint64) {
+	return 4096, 0
+}

rpc/backend/node_info.go

@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+package backend
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"math/big"
+	"time"
+
+	sdkmath "cosmossdk.io/math"
+	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/client/flags"
+	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/client/tx"
+	sdkcrypto "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/crypto"
+	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/crypto/keyring"
+	sdk "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types"
+	sdkerrors "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types/errors"
+	authtx "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/x/auth/tx"
+	distributiontypes "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/x/distribution/types"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
+	"github.com/evmos/ethermint/crypto/ethsecp256k1"
+	rpctypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/rpc/types"
+	ethermint "github.com/evmos/ethermint/types"
+	evmtypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/x/evm/types"
+	tmtypes "github.com/tendermint/tendermint/types"
+)
+
+// Accounts returns the list of accounts available to this node.
+func (b *Backend) Accounts() ([]common.Address, error) {
+	addresses := make([]common.Address, 0) // return [] instead of nil if empty
+
+	infos, err := b.clientCtx.Keyring.List()
+	if err != nil {
+		return addresses, err
+	}
+
+	for _, info := range infos {
+		pubKey, err := info.GetPubKey()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		addressBytes := pubKey.Address().Bytes()
+		addresses = append(addresses, common.BytesToAddress(addressBytes))
+	}
+
+	return addresses, nil
+}
+
+// Syncing returns false in case the node is currently not syncing with the network. It can be up to date or has not
+// yet received the latest block headers from its pears. In case it is synchronizing:
+// - startingBlock: block number this node started to synchronize from
+// - currentBlock:  block number this node is currently importing
+// - highestBlock:  block number of the highest block header this node has received from peers
+// - pulledStates:  number of state entries processed until now
+// - knownStates:   number of known state entries that still need to be pulled
+func (b *Backend) Syncing() (interface{}, error) {
+	status, err := b.clientCtx.Client.Status(b.ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+
+	if !status.SyncInfo.CatchingUp {
+		return false, nil
+	}
+
+	return map[string]interface{}{
+		"startingBlock": hexutil.Uint64(status.SyncInfo.EarliestBlockHeight),
+		"currentBlock":  hexutil.Uint64(status.SyncInfo.LatestBlockHeight),
+		// "highestBlock":  nil, // NA
+		// "pulledStates":  nil, // NA
+		// "knownStates":   nil, // NA
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// SetEtherbase sets the etherbase of the miner
+func (b *Backend) SetEtherbase(etherbase common.Address) bool {
+	delAddr, err := b.GetCoinbase()
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("failed to get coinbase address", "error", err.Error())
+		return false
+	}
+
+	withdrawAddr := sdk.AccAddress(etherbase.Bytes())
+	msg := distributiontypes.NewMsgSetWithdrawAddress(delAddr, withdrawAddr)
+
+	if err := msg.ValidateBasic(); err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("tx failed basic validation", "error", err.Error())
+		return false
+	}
+
+	// Assemble transaction from fields
+	builder, ok := b.clientCtx.TxConfig.NewTxBuilder().(authtx.ExtensionOptionsTxBuilder)
+	if !ok {
+		b.logger.Debug("clientCtx.TxConfig.NewTxBuilder returns unsupported builder", "error", err.Error())
+		return false
+	}
+
+	err = builder.SetMsgs(msg)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Error("builder.SetMsgs failed", "error", err.Error())
+		return false
+	}
+
+	// Fetch minimun gas price to calculate fees using the configuration.
+	minGasPrices := b.cfg.GetMinGasPrices()
+	if len(minGasPrices) == 0 || minGasPrices.Empty() {
+		b.logger.Debug("the minimun fee is not set")
+		return false
+	}
+	minGasPriceValue := minGasPrices[0].Amount
+	denom := minGasPrices[0].Denom
+
+	delCommonAddr := common.BytesToAddress(delAddr.Bytes())
+	nonce, err := b.GetTransactionCount(delCommonAddr, rpctypes.EthPendingBlockNumber)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("failed to get nonce", "error", err.Error())
+		return false
+	}
+
+	txFactory := tx.Factory{}
+	txFactory = txFactory.
+		WithChainID(b.clientCtx.ChainID).
+		WithKeybase(b.clientCtx.Keyring).
+		WithTxConfig(b.clientCtx.TxConfig).
+		WithSequence(uint64(*nonce)).
+		WithGasAdjustment(1.25)
+
+	_, gas, err := tx.CalculateGas(b.clientCtx, txFactory, msg)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("failed to calculate gas", "error", err.Error())
+		return false
+	}
+
+	txFactory = txFactory.WithGas(gas)
+
+	value := new(big.Int).SetUint64(gas * minGasPriceValue.Ceil().TruncateInt().Uint64())
+	fees := sdk.Coins{sdk.NewCoin(denom, sdkmath.NewIntFromBigInt(value))}
+	builder.SetFeeAmount(fees)
+	builder.SetGasLimit(gas)
+
+	keyInfo, err := b.clientCtx.Keyring.KeyByAddress(delAddr)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("failed to get the wallet address using the keyring", "error", err.Error())
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if err := tx.Sign(txFactory, keyInfo.Name, builder, false); err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("failed to sign tx", "error", err.Error())
+		return false
+	}
+
+	// Encode transaction by default Tx encoder
+	txEncoder := b.clientCtx.TxConfig.TxEncoder()
+	txBytes, err := txEncoder(builder.GetTx())
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("failed to encode eth tx using default encoder", "error", err.Error())
+		return false
+	}
+
+	tmHash := common.BytesToHash(tmtypes.Tx(txBytes).Hash())
+
+	// Broadcast transaction in sync mode (default)
+	// NOTE: If error is encountered on the node, the broadcast will not return an error
+	syncCtx := b.clientCtx.WithBroadcastMode(flags.BroadcastSync)
+	rsp, err := syncCtx.BroadcastTx(txBytes)
+	if rsp != nil && rsp.Code != 0 {
+		err = sdkerrors.ABCIError(rsp.Codespace, rsp.Code, rsp.RawLog)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("failed to broadcast tx", "error", err.Error())
+		return false
+	}
+
+	b.logger.Debug("broadcasted tx to set miner withdraw address (etherbase)", "hash", tmHash.String())
+	return true
+}
+
+// ImportRawKey armors and encrypts a given raw hex encoded ECDSA key and stores it into the key directory.
+// The name of the key will have the format "personal_<length-keys>", where <length-keys> is the total number of
+// keys stored on the keyring.
+//
+// NOTE: The key will be both armored and encrypted using the same passphrase.
+func (b *Backend) ImportRawKey(privkey, password string) (common.Address, error) {
+	priv, err := crypto.HexToECDSA(privkey)
+	if err != nil {
+		return common.Address{}, err
+	}
+
+	privKey := &ethsecp256k1.PrivKey{Key: crypto.FromECDSA(priv)}
+
+	addr := sdk.AccAddress(privKey.PubKey().Address().Bytes())
+	ethereumAddr := common.BytesToAddress(addr)
+
+	// return if the key has already been imported
+	if _, err := b.clientCtx.Keyring.KeyByAddress(addr); err == nil {
+		return ethereumAddr, nil
+	}
+
+	// ignore error as we only care about the length of the list
+	list, _ := b.clientCtx.Keyring.List()
+	privKeyName := fmt.Sprintf("personal_%d", len(list))
+
+	armor := sdkcrypto.EncryptArmorPrivKey(privKey, password, ethsecp256k1.KeyType)
+
+	if err := b.clientCtx.Keyring.ImportPrivKey(privKeyName, armor, password); err != nil {
+		return common.Address{}, err
+	}
+
+	b.logger.Info("key successfully imported", "name", privKeyName, "address", ethereumAddr.String())
+
+	return ethereumAddr, nil
+}
+
+// ListAccounts will return a list of addresses for accounts this node manages.
+func (b *Backend) ListAccounts() ([]common.Address, error) {
+	addrs := []common.Address{}
+
+	list, err := b.clientCtx.Keyring.List()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	for _, info := range list {
+		pubKey, err := info.GetPubKey()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		addrs = append(addrs, common.BytesToAddress(pubKey.Address()))
+	}
+
+	return addrs, nil
+}
+
+// NewAccount will create a new account and returns the address for the new account.
+func (b *Backend) NewMnemonic(uid string, language keyring.Language, hdPath, bip39Passphrase string, algo keyring.SignatureAlgo) (*keyring.Record, error) {
+	info, _, err := b.clientCtx.Keyring.NewMnemonic(uid, keyring.English, bip39Passphrase, bip39Passphrase, algo)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return info, err
+}
+
+// UnprotectedAllowed returns the node configuration value for allowing
+// unprotected transactions (i.e not replay-protected)
+func (b Backend) UnprotectedAllowed() bool {
+	return b.allowUnprotectedTxs
+}
+
+// RPCGasCap is the global gas cap for eth-call variants.
+func (b *Backend) RPCGasCap() uint64 {
+	return b.cfg.JSONRPC.GasCap
+}
+
+// RPCEVMTimeout is the global evm timeout for eth-call variants.
+func (b *Backend) RPCEVMTimeout() time.Duration {
+	return b.cfg.JSONRPC.EVMTimeout
+}
+
+// RPCGasCap is the global gas cap for eth-call variants.
+func (b *Backend) RPCTxFeeCap() float64 {
+	return b.cfg.JSONRPC.TxFeeCap
+}
+
+// RPCFilterCap is the limit for total number of filters that can be created
+func (b *Backend) RPCFilterCap() int32 {
+	return b.cfg.JSONRPC.FilterCap
+}
+
+// RPCFeeHistoryCap is the limit for total number of blocks that can be fetched
+func (b *Backend) RPCFeeHistoryCap() int32 {
+	return b.cfg.JSONRPC.FeeHistoryCap
+}
+
+// RPCLogsCap defines the max number of results can be returned from single `eth_getLogs` query.
+func (b *Backend) RPCLogsCap() int32 {
+	return b.cfg.JSONRPC.LogsCap
+}
+
+// RPCBlockRangeCap defines the max block range allowed for `eth_getLogs` query.
+func (b *Backend) RPCBlockRangeCap() int32 {
+	return b.cfg.JSONRPC.BlockRangeCap
+}
+
+// RPCMinGasPrice returns the minimum gas price for a transaction obtained from
+// the node config. If set value is 0, it will default to 20.
+
+func (b *Backend) RPCMinGasPrice() int64 {
+	evmParams, err := b.queryClient.Params(b.ctx, &evmtypes.QueryParamsRequest{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return ethermint.DefaultGasPrice
+	}
+
+	minGasPrice := b.cfg.GetMinGasPrices()
+	amt := minGasPrice.AmountOf(evmParams.Params.EvmDenom).TruncateInt64()
+	if amt == 0 {
+		return ethermint.DefaultGasPrice
+	}
+
+	return amt
+}

rpc/backend/sign_tx.go

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+package backend
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"math/big"
+
+	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/client/flags"
+	sdk "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types"
+	sdkerrors "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types/errors"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/accounts/keystore"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
+	ethtypes "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/signer/core/apitypes"
+	"github.com/evmos/ethermint/ethereum/eip712"
+	evmtypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/x/evm/types"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+)
+
+// SendTransaction sends transaction based on received args using Node's key to sign it
+func (b *Backend) SendTransaction(args evmtypes.TransactionArgs) (common.Hash, error) {
+	// Look up the wallet containing the requested signer
+	_, err := b.clientCtx.Keyring.KeyByAddress(sdk.AccAddress(args.From.Bytes()))
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Error("failed to find key in keyring", "address", args.From, "error", err.Error())
+		return common.Hash{}, fmt.Errorf("%s; %s", keystore.ErrNoMatch, err.Error())
+	}
+
+	args, err = b.SetTxDefaults(args)
+	if err != nil {
+		return common.Hash{}, err
+	}
+
+	msg := args.ToTransaction()
+	if err := msg.ValidateBasic(); err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("tx failed basic validation", "error", err.Error())
+		return common.Hash{}, err
+	}
+
+	bn, err := b.BlockNumber()
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("failed to fetch latest block number", "error", err.Error())
+		return common.Hash{}, err
+	}
+
+	signer := ethtypes.MakeSigner(b.ChainConfig(), new(big.Int).SetUint64(uint64(bn)))
+
+	// Sign transaction
+	if err := msg.Sign(signer, b.clientCtx.Keyring); err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("failed to sign tx", "error", err.Error())
+		return common.Hash{}, err
+	}
+
+	// Query params to use the EVM denomination
+	res, err := b.queryClient.QueryClient.Params(b.ctx, &evmtypes.QueryParamsRequest{})
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Error("failed to query evm params", "error", err.Error())
+		return common.Hash{}, err
+	}
+
+	// Assemble transaction from fields
+	tx, err := msg.BuildTx(b.clientCtx.TxConfig.NewTxBuilder(), res.Params.EvmDenom)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Error("build cosmos tx failed", "error", err.Error())
+		return common.Hash{}, err
+	}
+
+	// Encode transaction by default Tx encoder
+	txEncoder := b.clientCtx.TxConfig.TxEncoder()
+	txBytes, err := txEncoder(tx)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Error("failed to encode eth tx using default encoder", "error", err.Error())
+		return common.Hash{}, err
+	}
+
+	ethTx := msg.AsTransaction()
+
+	// check the local node config in case unprotected txs are disabled
+	if !b.UnprotectedAllowed() && !ethTx.Protected() {
+		// Ensure only eip155 signed transactions are submitted if EIP155Required is set.
+		return common.Hash{}, errors.New("only replay-protected (EIP-155) transactions allowed over RPC")
+	}
+
+	txHash := ethTx.Hash()
+
+	// Broadcast transaction in sync mode (default)
+	// NOTE: If error is encountered on the node, the broadcast will not return an error
+	syncCtx := b.clientCtx.WithBroadcastMode(flags.BroadcastSync)
+	rsp, err := syncCtx.BroadcastTx(txBytes)
+	if rsp != nil && rsp.Code != 0 {
+		err = sdkerrors.ABCIError(rsp.Codespace, rsp.Code, rsp.RawLog)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Error("failed to broadcast tx", "error", err.Error())
+		return txHash, err
+	}
+
+	// Return transaction hash
+	return txHash, nil
+}
+
+// Sign signs the provided data using the private key of address via Geth's signature standard.
+func (b *Backend) Sign(address common.Address, data hexutil.Bytes) (hexutil.Bytes, error) {
+	from := sdk.AccAddress(address.Bytes())
+
+	_, err := b.clientCtx.Keyring.KeyByAddress(from)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Error("failed to find key in keyring", "address", address.String())
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s; %s", keystore.ErrNoMatch, err.Error())
+	}
+
+	// Sign the requested hash with the wallet
+	signature, _, err := b.clientCtx.Keyring.SignByAddress(from, data)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Error("keyring.SignByAddress failed", "address", address.Hex())
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	signature[crypto.RecoveryIDOffset] += 27 // Transform V from 0/1 to 27/28 according to the yellow paper
+	return signature, nil
+}
+
+// SignTypedData signs EIP-712 conformant typed data
+func (b *Backend) SignTypedData(address common.Address, typedData apitypes.TypedData) (hexutil.Bytes, error) {
+	from := sdk.AccAddress(address.Bytes())
+
+	_, err := b.clientCtx.Keyring.KeyByAddress(from)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Error("failed to find key in keyring", "address", address.String())
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s; %s", keystore.ErrNoMatch, err.Error())
+	}
+
+	sigHash, err := eip712.ComputeTypedDataHash(typedData)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// Sign the requested hash with the wallet
+	signature, _, err := b.clientCtx.Keyring.SignByAddress(from, sigHash)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Error("keyring.SignByAddress failed", "address", address.Hex())
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	signature[crypto.RecoveryIDOffset] += 27 // Transform V from 0/1 to 27/28 according to the yellow paper
+	return signature, nil
+}

rpc/backend/tracing.go

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+package backend
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	rpctypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/rpc/types"
+	evmtypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/x/evm/types"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	tmrpctypes "github.com/tendermint/tendermint/rpc/core/types"
+)
+
+// TraceTransaction returns the structured logs created during the execution of EVM
+// and returns them as a JSON object.
+func (b *Backend) TraceTransaction(hash common.Hash, config *evmtypes.TraceConfig) (interface{}, error) {
+	// Get transaction by hash
+	transaction, err := b.GetTxByEthHash(hash)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("tx not found", "hash", hash)
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// check if block number is 0
+	if transaction.Height == 0 {
+		return nil, errors.New("genesis is not traceable")
+	}
+
+	blk, err := b.GetTendermintBlockByNumber(rpctypes.BlockNumber(transaction.Height))
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("block not found", "height", transaction.Height)
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	parsedTxs, err := rpctypes.ParseTxResult(&transaction.TxResult)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse tx events: %s", hash.Hex())
+	}
+	parsedTx := parsedTxs.GetTxByHash(hash)
+	if parsedTx == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("ethereum tx not found in msgs: %s", hash.Hex())
+	}
+
+	// check tx index is not out of bound
+	if uint32(len(blk.Block.Txs)) < transaction.Index {
+		b.logger.Debug("tx index out of bounds", "index", transaction.Index, "hash", hash.String(), "height", blk.Block.Height)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("transaction not included in block %v", blk.Block.Height)
+	}
+
+	var predecessors []*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx
+	for _, txBz := range blk.Block.Txs[:transaction.Index] {
+		tx, err := b.clientCtx.TxConfig.TxDecoder()(txBz)
+		if err != nil {
+			b.logger.Debug("failed to decode transaction in block", "height", blk.Block.Height, "error", err.Error())
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, msg := range tx.GetMsgs() {
+			ethMsg, ok := msg.(*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx)
+			if !ok {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			predecessors = append(predecessors, ethMsg)
+		}
+	}
+
+	tx, err := b.clientCtx.TxConfig.TxDecoder()(transaction.Tx)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("tx not found", "hash", hash)
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// add predecessor messages in current cosmos tx
+	for i := 0; i < parsedTx.MsgIndex; i++ {
+		ethMsg, ok := tx.GetMsgs()[i].(*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx)
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		predecessors = append(predecessors, ethMsg)
+	}
+
+	ethMessage, ok := tx.GetMsgs()[parsedTx.MsgIndex].(*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx)
+	if !ok {
+		b.logger.Debug("invalid transaction type", "type", fmt.Sprintf("%T", tx))
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid transaction type %T", tx)
+	}
+
+	traceTxRequest := evmtypes.QueryTraceTxRequest{
+		Msg:          ethMessage,
+		Predecessors: predecessors,
+		BlockNumber:  blk.Block.Height,
+		BlockTime:    blk.Block.Time,
+		BlockHash:    common.Bytes2Hex(blk.BlockID.Hash),
+	}
+
+	if config != nil {
+		traceTxRequest.TraceConfig = config
+	}
+
+	// minus one to get the context of block beginning
+	contextHeight := transaction.Height - 1
+	if contextHeight < 1 {
+		// 0 is a special value in `ContextWithHeight`
+		contextHeight = 1
+	}
+	traceResult, err := b.queryClient.TraceTx(rpctypes.ContextWithHeight(contextHeight), &traceTxRequest)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// Response format is unknown due to custom tracer config param
+	// More information can be found here https://geth.ethereum.org/docs/dapp/tracing-filtered
+	var decodedResult interface{}
+	err = json.Unmarshal(traceResult.Data, &decodedResult)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return decodedResult, nil
+}
+
+// traceBlock configures a new tracer according to the provided configuration, and
+// executes all the transactions contained within. The return value will be one item
+// per transaction, dependent on the requested tracer.
+func (b *Backend) TraceBlock(height rpctypes.BlockNumber, config *evmtypes.TraceConfig, block *tmrpctypes.ResultBlock) ([]*evmtypes.TxTraceResult, error) {
+	txs := block.Block.Txs
+	txsLength := len(txs)
+
+	if txsLength == 0 {
+		// If there are no transactions return empty array
+		return []*evmtypes.TxTraceResult{}, nil
+	}
+
+	txDecoder := b.clientCtx.TxConfig.TxDecoder()
+
+	var txsMessages []*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx
+	for i, tx := range txs {
+		decodedTx, err := txDecoder(tx)
+		if err != nil {
+			b.logger.Error("failed to decode transaction", "hash", txs[i].Hash(), "error", err.Error())
+			continue
+		}
+
+		for _, msg := range decodedTx.GetMsgs() {
+			ethMessage, ok := msg.(*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx)
+			if !ok {
+				// Just considers Ethereum transactions
+				continue
+			}
+			txsMessages = append(txsMessages, ethMessage)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// minus one to get the context at the beginning of the block
+	contextHeight := height - 1
+	if contextHeight < 1 {
+		// 0 is a special value for `ContextWithHeight`.
+		contextHeight = 1
+	}
+	ctxWithHeight := rpctypes.ContextWithHeight(int64(contextHeight))
+
+	traceBlockRequest := &evmtypes.QueryTraceBlockRequest{
+		Txs:         txsMessages,
+		TraceConfig: config,
+		BlockNumber: block.Block.Height,
+		BlockTime:   block.Block.Time,
+		BlockHash:   common.Bytes2Hex(block.BlockID.Hash),
+	}
+
+	res, err := b.queryClient.TraceBlock(ctxWithHeight, traceBlockRequest)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	decodedResults := make([]*evmtypes.TxTraceResult, txsLength)
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(res.Data, &decodedResults); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return decodedResults, nil
+}

rpc/backend/tx_info.go

@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+package backend
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
+	ethtypes "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
+	rpctypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/rpc/types"
+	evmtypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/x/evm/types"
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
+	tmrpctypes "github.com/tendermint/tendermint/rpc/core/types"
+)
+
+// GetTransactionByHash returns the Ethereum format transaction identified by Ethereum transaction hash
+func (b *Backend) GetTransactionByHash(txHash common.Hash) (*rpctypes.RPCTransaction, error) {
+	res, err := b.GetTxByEthHash(txHash)
+	hexTx := txHash.Hex()
+
+	if err != nil {
+		// try to find tx in mempool
+		txs, err := b.PendingTransactions()
+		if err != nil {
+			b.logger.Debug("tx not found", "hash", hexTx, "error", err.Error())
+			return nil, nil
+		}
+
+		for _, tx := range txs {
+			msg, err := evmtypes.UnwrapEthereumMsg(tx, txHash)
+			if err != nil {
+				// not ethereum tx
+				continue
+			}
+
+			if msg.Hash == hexTx {
+				rpctx, err := rpctypes.NewTransactionFromMsg(
+					msg,
+					common.Hash{},
+					uint64(0),
+					uint64(0),
+					nil,
+				)
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+				return rpctx, nil
+			}
+		}
+
+		b.logger.Debug("tx not found", "hash", hexTx)
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	if !TxSuccessOrExceedsBlockGasLimit(&res.TxResult) {
+		return nil, errors.New("invalid ethereum tx")
+	}
+
+	parsedTxs, err := rpctypes.ParseTxResult(&res.TxResult)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse tx events: %s", hexTx)
+	}
+
+	parsedTx := parsedTxs.GetTxByHash(txHash)
+	if parsedTx == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("ethereum tx not found in msgs: %s", hexTx)
+	}
+
+	tx, err := b.clientCtx.TxConfig.TxDecoder()(res.Tx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// the `msgIndex` is inferred from tx events, should be within the bound.
+	msg, ok := tx.GetMsgs()[parsedTx.MsgIndex].(*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, errors.New("invalid ethereum tx")
+	}
+
+	block, err := b.clientCtx.Client.Block(b.ctx, &res.Height)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("block not found", "height", res.Height, "error", err.Error())
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	blockRes, err := b.GetTendermintBlockResultByNumber(&block.Block.Height)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("block result not found", "height", block.Block.Height, "error", err.Error())
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	if parsedTx.EthTxIndex == -1 {
+		// Fallback to find tx index by iterating all valid eth transactions
+		msgs := b.GetEthereumMsgsFromTendermintBlock(block, blockRes)
+		for i := range msgs {
+			if msgs[i].Hash == hexTx {
+				parsedTx.EthTxIndex = int64(i)
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if parsedTx.EthTxIndex == -1 {
+		return nil, errors.New("can't find index of ethereum tx")
+	}
+
+	baseFee, err := b.BaseFee(blockRes)
+	if err != nil {
+		// handle the error for pruned node.
+		b.logger.Error("failed to fetch Base Fee from prunned block. Check node prunning configuration", "height", blockRes.Height, "error", err)
+	}
+
+	return rpctypes.NewTransactionFromMsg(
+		msg,
+		common.BytesToHash(block.BlockID.Hash.Bytes()),
+		uint64(res.Height),
+		uint64(parsedTx.EthTxIndex),
+		baseFee,
+	)
+}
+
+// GetTransactionReceipt returns the transaction receipt identified by hash.
+func (b *Backend) GetTransactionReceipt(hash common.Hash) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
+	hexTx := hash.Hex()
+	b.logger.Debug("eth_getTransactionReceipt", "hash", hexTx)
+
+	res, err := b.GetTxByEthHash(hash)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("tx not found", "hash", hexTx, "error", err.Error())
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	// don't ignore the txs which exceed block gas limit.
+	if !TxSuccessOrExceedsBlockGasLimit(&res.TxResult) {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	parsedTxs, err := rpctypes.ParseTxResult(&res.TxResult)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse tx events: %s, %v", hexTx, err)
+	}
+
+	parsedTx := parsedTxs.GetTxByHash(hash)
+	if parsedTx == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("ethereum tx not found in msgs: %s", hexTx)
+	}
+
+	resBlock, err := b.clientCtx.Client.Block(b.ctx, &res.Height)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("block not found", "height", res.Height, "error", err.Error())
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	tx, err := b.clientCtx.TxConfig.TxDecoder()(res.Tx)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("decoding failed", "error", err.Error())
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to decode tx: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if res.TxResult.Code != 0 {
+		// tx failed, we should return gas limit as gas used, because that's how the fee get deducted.
+		for i := 0; i <= parsedTx.MsgIndex; i++ {
+			gasLimit := tx.GetMsgs()[i].(*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx).GetGas()
+			parsedTxs.Txs[i].GasUsed = gasLimit
+		}
+	}
+
+	// the `msgIndex` is inferred from tx events, should be within the bound,
+	// and the tx is found by eth tx hash, so the msg type must be correct.
+	ethMsg := tx.GetMsgs()[parsedTx.MsgIndex].(*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx)
+
+	txData, err := evmtypes.UnpackTxData(ethMsg.Data)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Error("failed to unpack tx data", "error", err.Error())
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	cumulativeGasUsed := uint64(0)
+	blockRes, err := b.GetTendermintBlockResultByNumber(&res.Height)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("failed to retrieve block results", "height", res.Height, "error", err.Error())
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	for i := 0; i < int(res.Index) && i < len(blockRes.TxsResults); i++ {
+		cumulativeGasUsed += uint64(blockRes.TxsResults[i].GasUsed)
+	}
+	cumulativeGasUsed += parsedTxs.AccumulativeGasUsed(parsedTx.MsgIndex)
+
+	// Get the transaction result from the log
+	var status hexutil.Uint
+	if res.TxResult.Code != 0 || parsedTx.Failed {
+		status = hexutil.Uint(ethtypes.ReceiptStatusFailed)
+	} else {
+		status = hexutil.Uint(ethtypes.ReceiptStatusSuccessful)
+	}
+
+	from, err := ethMsg.GetSender(b.chainID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// parse tx logs from events
+	logs, err := parsedTx.ParseTxLogs()
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("failed to parse logs", "hash", hexTx, "error", err.Error())
+	}
+
+	if parsedTx.EthTxIndex == -1 {
+		// Fallback to find tx index by iterating all valid eth transactions
+		msgs := b.GetEthereumMsgsFromTendermintBlock(resBlock, blockRes)
+		for i := range msgs {
+			if msgs[i].Hash == hexTx {
+				parsedTx.EthTxIndex = int64(i)
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if parsedTx.EthTxIndex == -1 {
+		return nil, errors.New("can't find index of ethereum tx")
+	}
+
+	receipt := map[string]interface{}{
+		// Consensus fields: These fields are defined by the Yellow Paper
+		"status":            status,
+		"cumulativeGasUsed": hexutil.Uint64(cumulativeGasUsed),
+		"logsBloom":         ethtypes.BytesToBloom(ethtypes.LogsBloom(logs)),
+		"logs":              logs,
+
+		// Implementation fields: These fields are added by geth when processing a transaction.
+		// They are stored in the chain database.
+		"transactionHash": hash,
+		"contractAddress": nil,
+		"gasUsed":         hexutil.Uint64(parsedTx.GasUsed),
+
+		// Inclusion information: These fields provide information about the inclusion of the
+		// transaction corresponding to this receipt.
+		"blockHash":        common.BytesToHash(resBlock.Block.Header.Hash()).Hex(),
+		"blockNumber":      hexutil.Uint64(res.Height),
+		"transactionIndex": hexutil.Uint64(parsedTx.EthTxIndex),
+
+		// sender and receiver (contract or EOA) addreses
+		"from": from,
+		"to":   txData.GetTo(),
+	}
+
+	if logs == nil {
+		receipt["logs"] = [][]*ethtypes.Log{}
+	}
+
+	// If the ContractAddress is 20 0x0 bytes, assume it is not a contract creation
+	if txData.GetTo() == nil {
+		receipt["contractAddress"] = crypto.CreateAddress(from, txData.GetNonce())
+	}
+
+	if dynamicTx, ok := txData.(*evmtypes.DynamicFeeTx); ok {
+		baseFee, err := b.BaseFee(blockRes)
+		if err != nil {
+			// tolerate the error for pruned node.
+			b.logger.Error("fetch basefee failed, node is pruned?", "height", res.Height, "error", err)
+		} else {
+			receipt["effectiveGasPrice"] = hexutil.Big(*dynamicTx.EffectiveGasPrice(baseFee))
+		}
+	}
+
+	return receipt, nil
+}
+
+// GetTransactionByBlockHashAndIndex returns the transaction identified by hash and index.
+func (b *Backend) GetTransactionByBlockHashAndIndex(hash common.Hash, idx hexutil.Uint) (*rpctypes.RPCTransaction, error) {
+	b.logger.Debug("eth_getTransactionByBlockHashAndIndex", "hash", hash.Hex(), "index", idx)
+
+	block, err := b.clientCtx.Client.BlockByHash(b.ctx, hash.Bytes())
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("block not found", "hash", hash.Hex(), "error", err.Error())
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	if block.Block == nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("block not found", "hash", hash.Hex())
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	return b.GetTransactionByBlockAndIndex(block, idx)
+}
+
+// GetTransactionByBlockNumberAndIndex returns the transaction identified by number and index.
+func (b *Backend) GetTransactionByBlockNumberAndIndex(blockNum rpctypes.BlockNumber, idx hexutil.Uint) (*rpctypes.RPCTransaction, error) {
+	b.logger.Debug("eth_getTransactionByBlockNumberAndIndex", "number", blockNum, "index", idx)
+
+	block, err := b.GetTendermintBlockByNumber(blockNum)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("block not found", "height", blockNum.Int64(), "error", err.Error())
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	if block.Block == nil {
+		b.logger.Debug("block not found", "height", blockNum.Int64())
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	return b.GetTransactionByBlockAndIndex(block, idx)
+}
+
+// GetTxByEthHash uses `/tx_query` to find transaction by ethereum tx hash
+// TODO: Don't need to convert once hashing is fixed on Tendermint
+// https://github.com/tendermint/tendermint/issues/6539
+func (b *Backend) GetTxByEthHash(hash common.Hash) (*tmrpctypes.ResultTx, error) {
+	query := fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s='%s'", evmtypes.TypeMsgEthereumTx, evmtypes.AttributeKeyEthereumTxHash, hash.Hex())
+	resTxs, err := b.clientCtx.Client.TxSearch(b.ctx, query, false, nil, nil, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if len(resTxs.Txs) == 0 {
+		return nil, errors.Errorf("ethereum tx not found for hash %s", hash.Hex())
+	}
+	return resTxs.Txs[0], nil
+}
+
+// GetTxByTxIndex uses `/tx_query` to find transaction by tx index of valid ethereum txs
+func (b *Backend) GetTxByTxIndex(height int64, index uint) (*tmrpctypes.ResultTx, error) {
+	query := fmt.Sprintf("tx.height=%d AND %s.%s=%d",
+		height, evmtypes.TypeMsgEthereumTx,
+		evmtypes.AttributeKeyTxIndex, index,
+	)
+	resTxs, err := b.clientCtx.Client.TxSearch(b.ctx, query, false, nil, nil, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if len(resTxs.Txs) == 0 {
+		return nil, errors.Errorf("ethereum tx not found for block %d index %d", height, index)
+	}
+	return resTxs.Txs[0], nil
+}
+
+// getTransactionByBlockAndIndex is the common code shared by `GetTransactionByBlockNumberAndIndex` and `GetTransactionByBlockHashAndIndex`.
+func (b *Backend) GetTransactionByBlockAndIndex(block *tmrpctypes.ResultBlock, idx hexutil.Uint) (*rpctypes.RPCTransaction, error) {
+	blockRes, err := b.GetTendermintBlockResultByNumber(&block.Block.Height)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	var msg *evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx
+	// try /tx_search first
+	res, err := b.GetTxByTxIndex(block.Block.Height, uint(idx))
+	if err == nil {
+		tx, err := b.clientCtx.TxConfig.TxDecoder()(res.Tx)
+		if err != nil {
+			b.logger.Debug("invalid ethereum tx", "height", block.Block.Header, "index", idx)
+			return nil, nil
+		}
+
+		parsedTxs, err := rpctypes.ParseTxResult(&res.TxResult)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse tx events: %d, %v", idx, err)
+		}
+
+		parsedTx := parsedTxs.GetTxByTxIndex(int(idx))
+		if parsedTx == nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("ethereum tx not found in msgs: %d", idx)
+		}
+
+		var ok bool
+		// msgIndex is inferred from tx events, should be within bound.
+		msg, ok = tx.GetMsgs()[parsedTx.MsgIndex].(*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx)
+		if !ok {
+			b.logger.Debug("invalid ethereum tx", "height", block.Block.Header, "index", idx)
+			return nil, nil
+		}
+	} else {
+		i := int(idx)
+		ethMsgs := b.GetEthereumMsgsFromTendermintBlock(block, blockRes)
+		if i >= len(ethMsgs) {
+			b.logger.Debug("block txs index out of bound", "index", i)
+			return nil, nil
+		}
+
+		msg = ethMsgs[i]
+	}
+
+	baseFee, err := b.BaseFee(blockRes)
+	if err != nil {
+		// handle the error for pruned node.
+		b.logger.Error("failed to fetch Base Fee from prunned block. Check node prunning configuration", "height", block.Block.Height, "error", err)
+	}
+
+	return rpctypes.NewTransactionFromMsg(
+		msg,
+		common.BytesToHash(block.Block.Hash()),
+		uint64(block.Block.Height),
+		uint64(idx),
+		baseFee,
+	)
+}

rpc/backend/utils.go

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package backend
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"encoding/json"
-	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"math/big"
 	"sort"
@@ -44,133 +43,6 @@ func (s sortGasAndReward) Less(i, j int) bool {
 	return s[i].reward.Cmp(s[j].reward) < 0
 }
 
-// SetTxDefaults populates tx message with default values in case they are not
-// provided on the args
-func (b *Backend) SetTxDefaults(args evmtypes.TransactionArgs) (evmtypes.TransactionArgs, error) {
-	if args.GasPrice != nil && (args.MaxFeePerGas != nil || args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas != nil) {
-		return args, errors.New("both gasPrice and (maxFeePerGas or maxPriorityFeePerGas) specified")
-	}
-
-	head := b.CurrentHeader()
-	if head == nil {
-		return args, errors.New("latest header is nil")
-	}
-
-	// If user specifies both maxPriorityfee and maxFee, then we do not
-	// need to consult the chain for defaults. It's definitely a London tx.
-	if args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas == nil || args.MaxFeePerGas == nil {
-		// In this clause, user left some fields unspecified.
-		if head.BaseFee != nil && args.GasPrice == nil {
-			if args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas == nil {
-				tip, err := b.SuggestGasTipCap(head.BaseFee)
-				if err != nil {
-					return args, err
-				}
-				args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas = (*hexutil.Big)(tip)
-			}
-
-			if args.MaxFeePerGas == nil {
-				gasFeeCap := new(big.Int).Add(
-					(*big.Int)(args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas),
-					new(big.Int).Mul(head.BaseFee, big.NewInt(2)),
-				)
-				args.MaxFeePerGas = (*hexutil.Big)(gasFeeCap)
-			}
-
-			if args.MaxFeePerGas.ToInt().Cmp(args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas.ToInt()) < 0 {
-				return args, fmt.Errorf("maxFeePerGas (%v) < maxPriorityFeePerGas (%v)", args.MaxFeePerGas, args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas)
-			}
-
-		} else {
-			if args.MaxFeePerGas != nil || args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas != nil {
-				return args, errors.New("maxFeePerGas or maxPriorityFeePerGas specified but london is not active yet")
-			}
-
-			if args.GasPrice == nil {
-				price, err := b.SuggestGasTipCap(head.BaseFee)
-				if err != nil {
-					return args, err
-				}
-				if head.BaseFee != nil {
-					// The legacy tx gas price suggestion should not add 2x base fee
-					// because all fees are consumed, so it would result in a spiral
-					// upwards.
-					price.Add(price, head.BaseFee)
-				}
-				args.GasPrice = (*hexutil.Big)(price)
-			}
-		}
-	} else {
-		// Both maxPriorityfee and maxFee set by caller. Sanity-check their internal relation
-		if args.MaxFeePerGas.ToInt().Cmp(args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas.ToInt()) < 0 {
-			return args, fmt.Errorf("maxFeePerGas (%v) < maxPriorityFeePerGas (%v)", args.MaxFeePerGas, args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if args.Value == nil {
-		args.Value = new(hexutil.Big)
-	}
-	if args.Nonce == nil {
-		// get the nonce from the account retriever
-		// ignore error in case tge account doesn't exist yet
-		nonce, _ := b.getAccountNonce(*args.From, true, 0, b.logger)
-		args.Nonce = (*hexutil.Uint64)(&nonce)
-	}
-
-	if args.Data != nil && args.Input != nil && !bytes.Equal(*args.Data, *args.Input) {
-		return args, errors.New("both 'data' and 'input' are set and not equal. Please use 'input' to pass transaction call data")
-	}
-
-	if args.To == nil {
-		// Contract creation
-		var input []byte
-		if args.Data != nil {
-			input = *args.Data
-		} else if args.Input != nil {
-			input = *args.Input
-		}
-
-		if len(input) == 0 {
-			return args, errors.New("contract creation without any data provided")
-		}
-	}
-
-	if args.Gas == nil {
-		// For backwards-compatibility reason, we try both input and data
-		// but input is preferred.
-		input := args.Input
-		if input == nil {
-			input = args.Data
-		}
-
-		callArgs := evmtypes.TransactionArgs{
-			From:                 args.From,
-			To:                   args.To,
-			Gas:                  args.Gas,
-			GasPrice:             args.GasPrice,
-			MaxFeePerGas:         args.MaxFeePerGas,
-			MaxPriorityFeePerGas: args.MaxPriorityFeePerGas,
-			Value:                args.Value,
-			Data:                 input,
-			AccessList:           args.AccessList,
-		}
-
-		blockNr := types.NewBlockNumber(big.NewInt(0))
-		estimated, err := b.EstimateGas(callArgs, &blockNr)
-		if err != nil {
-			return args, err
-		}
-		args.Gas = &estimated
-		b.logger.Debug("estimate gas usage automatically", "gas", args.Gas)
-	}
-
-	if args.ChainID == nil {
-		args.ChainID = (*hexutil.Big)(b.chainID)
-	}
-
-	return args, nil
-}
-
 // getAccountNonce returns the account nonce for the given account address.
 // If the pending value is true, it will iterate over the mempool (pending)
 // txs in order to compute and return the pending tx sequence.

rpc/namespaces/ethereum/debug/api.go

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package debug
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
-	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
@@ -14,11 +13,9 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/davecgh/go-spew/spew"
-	tmrpctypes "github.com/tendermint/tendermint/rpc/core/types"
 
 	evmtypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/x/evm/types"
 
-	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/client"
 	stderrors "github.com/pkg/errors"
 
 	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/server"
@@ -46,8 +43,6 @@ type API struct {
 	ctx     *server.Context
 	logger  log.Logger
 	backend backend.EVMBackend
-	clientCtx   client.Context
-	queryClient *rpctypes.QueryClient
 	handler *HandlerT
 }
 
@@ -55,14 +50,11 @@ type API struct {
 func NewAPI(
 	ctx *server.Context,
 	backend backend.EVMBackend,
-	clientCtx client.Context,
 ) *API {
 	return &API{
 		ctx:     ctx,
 		logger:  ctx.Logger.With("module", "debug"),
 		backend: backend,
-		clientCtx:   clientCtx,
-		queryClient: rpctypes.NewQueryClient(clientCtx),
 		handler: new(HandlerT),
 	}
 }
@@ -71,109 +63,7 @@ func NewAPI(
 // and returns them as a JSON object.
 func (a *API) TraceTransaction(hash common.Hash, config *evmtypes.TraceConfig) (interface{}, error) {
 	a.logger.Debug("debug_traceTransaction", "hash", hash)
-	// Get transaction by hash
+	return a.backend.TraceTransaction(hash, config)
-	transaction, err := a.backend.GetTxByEthHash(hash)
-	if err != nil {
-		a.logger.Debug("tx not found", "hash", hash)
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	// check if block number is 0
-	if transaction.Height == 0 {
-		return nil, errors.New("genesis is not traceable")
-	}
-
-	blk, err := a.backend.GetTendermintBlockByNumber(rpctypes.BlockNumber(transaction.Height))
-	if err != nil {
-		a.logger.Debug("block not found", "height", transaction.Height)
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	parsedTxs, err := rpctypes.ParseTxResult(&transaction.TxResult)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse tx events: %s", hash.Hex())
-	}
-	parsedTx := parsedTxs.GetTxByHash(hash)
-	if parsedTx == nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("ethereum tx not found in msgs: %s", hash.Hex())
-	}
-
-	// check tx index is not out of bound
-	if uint32(len(blk.Block.Txs)) < transaction.Index {
-		a.logger.Debug("tx index out of bounds", "index", transaction.Index, "hash", hash.String(), "height", blk.Block.Height)
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("transaction not included in block %v", blk.Block.Height)
-	}
-
-	var predecessors []*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx
-	for _, txBz := range blk.Block.Txs[:transaction.Index] {
-		tx, err := a.clientCtx.TxConfig.TxDecoder()(txBz)
-		if err != nil {
-			a.logger.Debug("failed to decode transaction in block", "height", blk.Block.Height, "error", err.Error())
-			continue
-		}
-		for _, msg := range tx.GetMsgs() {
-			ethMsg, ok := msg.(*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx)
-			if !ok {
-				continue
-			}
-
-			predecessors = append(predecessors, ethMsg)
-		}
-	}
-
-	tx, err := a.clientCtx.TxConfig.TxDecoder()(transaction.Tx)
-	if err != nil {
-		a.logger.Debug("tx not found", "hash", hash)
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	// add predecessor messages in current cosmos tx
-	for i := 0; i < parsedTx.MsgIndex; i++ {
-		ethMsg, ok := tx.GetMsgs()[i].(*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx)
-		if !ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		predecessors = append(predecessors, ethMsg)
-	}
-
-	ethMessage, ok := tx.GetMsgs()[parsedTx.MsgIndex].(*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx)
-	if !ok {
-		a.logger.Debug("invalid transaction type", "type", fmt.Sprintf("%T", tx))
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid transaction type %T", tx)
-	}
-
-	traceTxRequest := evmtypes.QueryTraceTxRequest{
-		Msg:          ethMessage,
-		Predecessors: predecessors,
-		BlockNumber:  blk.Block.Height,
-		BlockTime:    blk.Block.Time,
-		BlockHash:    common.Bytes2Hex(blk.BlockID.Hash),
-	}
-
-	if config != nil {
-		traceTxRequest.TraceConfig = config
-	}
-
-	// minus one to get the context of block beginning
-	contextHeight := transaction.Height - 1
-	if contextHeight < 1 {
-		// 0 is a special value in `ContextWithHeight`
-		contextHeight = 1
-	}
-	traceResult, err := a.queryClient.TraceTx(rpctypes.ContextWithHeight(contextHeight), &traceTxRequest)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	// Response format is unknown due to custom tracer config param
-	// More information can be found here https://geth.ethereum.org/docs/dapp/tracing-filtered
-	var decodedResult interface{}
-	err = json.Unmarshal(traceResult.Data, &decodedResult)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	return decodedResult, nil
 }
 
 // TraceBlockByNumber returns the structured logs created during the execution of
@@ -190,7 +80,7 @@ func (a *API) TraceBlockByNumber(height rpctypes.BlockNumber, config *evmtypes.T
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	return a.traceBlock(height, config, resBlock)
+	return a.backend.TraceBlock(rpctypes.BlockNumber(resBlock.Block.Height), config, resBlock)
 }
 
 // TraceBlockByHash returns the structured logs created during the execution of
@@ -209,68 +99,7 @@ func (a *API) TraceBlockByHash(hash common.Hash, config *evmtypes.TraceConfig) (
 		return nil, errors.New("block not found")
 	}
 
-	return a.traceBlock(rpctypes.BlockNumber(resBlock.Block.Height), config, resBlock)
+	return a.backend.TraceBlock(rpctypes.BlockNumber(resBlock.Block.Height), config, resBlock)
-}
-
-// traceBlock configures a new tracer according to the provided configuration, and
-// executes all the transactions contained within. The return value will be one item
-// per transaction, dependent on the requested tracer.
-func (a *API) traceBlock(height rpctypes.BlockNumber, config *evmtypes.TraceConfig, block *tmrpctypes.ResultBlock) ([]*evmtypes.TxTraceResult, error) {
-	txs := block.Block.Txs
-	txsLength := len(txs)
-
-	if txsLength == 0 {
-		// If there are no transactions return empty array
-		return []*evmtypes.TxTraceResult{}, nil
-	}
-
-	txDecoder := a.clientCtx.TxConfig.TxDecoder()
-
-	var txsMessages []*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx
-	for i, tx := range txs {
-		decodedTx, err := txDecoder(tx)
-		if err != nil {
-			a.logger.Error("failed to decode transaction", "hash", txs[i].Hash(), "error", err.Error())
-			continue
-		}
-
-		for _, msg := range decodedTx.GetMsgs() {
-			ethMessage, ok := msg.(*evmtypes.MsgEthereumTx)
-			if !ok {
-				// Just considers Ethereum transactions
-				continue
-			}
-			txsMessages = append(txsMessages, ethMessage)
-		}
-	}
-
-	// minus one to get the context at the beginning of the block
-	contextHeight := height - 1
-	if contextHeight < 1 {
-		// 0 is a special value for `ContextWithHeight`.
-		contextHeight = 1
-	}
-	ctxWithHeight := rpctypes.ContextWithHeight(int64(contextHeight))
-
-	traceBlockRequest := &evmtypes.QueryTraceBlockRequest{
-		Txs:         txsMessages,
-		TraceConfig: config,
-		BlockNumber: block.Block.Height,
-		BlockTime:   block.Block.Time,
-		BlockHash:   common.Bytes2Hex(block.BlockID.Hash),
-	}
-
-	res, err := a.queryClient.TraceBlock(ctxWithHeight, traceBlockRequest)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	decodedResults := make([]*evmtypes.TxTraceResult, txsLength)
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(res.Data, &decodedResults); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	return decodedResults, nil
 }
 
 // BlockProfile turns on goroutine profiling for nsec seconds and writes profile data to

rpc/namespaces/ethereum/eth/filters/api.go

@@ -23,6 +23,17 @@ import (
 	evmtypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/x/evm/types"
 )
 
+// FilterAPI gathers
+type FilterAPI interface {
+	GetLogs(ctx context.Context, crit filters.FilterCriteria) ([]*ethtypes.Log, error)
+	GetFilterChanges(id rpc.ID) (interface{}, error)
+	GetFilterLogs(ctx context.Context, id rpc.ID) ([]*ethtypes.Log, error)
+	NewBlockFilter() rpc.ID
+	NewFilter(criteria filters.FilterCriteria) (rpc.ID, error)
+	NewPendingTransactionFilter() rpc.ID
+	UninstallFilter(id rpc.ID) bool
+}
+
 // Backend defines the methods requided by the PublicFilterAPI backend
 type Backend interface {
 	GetBlockByNumber(blockNum types.BlockNumber, fullTx bool) (map[string]interface{}, error)

rpc/namespaces/ethereum/miner/api.go

@@ -1,49 +1,29 @@
 package miner
 
 import (
-	"math/big"
-
-	sdkmath "cosmossdk.io/math"
-
-	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/client"
-	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/client/flags"
-	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/client/tx"
 	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/server"
-	sdkconfig "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/server/config"
-	sdk "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types"
-	sdkerrors "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types/errors"
-
-	authtx "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/x/auth/tx"
-	distributiontypes "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/x/distribution/types"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
 
 	"github.com/tendermint/tendermint/libs/log"
-	tmtypes "github.com/tendermint/tendermint/types"
 
 	"github.com/evmos/ethermint/rpc/backend"
-	rpctypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/rpc/types"
-	"github.com/evmos/ethermint/server/config"
 )
 
 // API is the private miner prefixed set of APIs in the Miner JSON-RPC spec.
 type API struct {
 	ctx     *server.Context
 	logger  log.Logger
-	clientCtx client.Context
 	backend backend.EVMBackend
 }
 
 // NewPrivateAPI creates an instance of the Miner API.
 func NewPrivateAPI(
 	ctx *server.Context,
-	clientCtx client.Context,
 	backend backend.EVMBackend,
 ) *API {
 	return &API{
 		ctx:     ctx,
-		clientCtx: clientCtx,
 		logger:  ctx.Logger.With("api", "miner"),
 		backend: backend,
 	}
@@ -52,136 +32,5 @@ func NewPrivateAPI(
 // SetEtherbase sets the etherbase of the miner
 func (api *API) SetEtherbase(etherbase common.Address) bool {
 	api.logger.Debug("miner_setEtherbase")
-
+	return api.backend.SetEtherbase(etherbase)
-	delAddr, err := api.backend.GetCoinbase()
-	if err != nil {
-		api.logger.Debug("failed to get coinbase address", "error", err.Error())
-		return false
-	}
-
-	withdrawAddr := sdk.AccAddress(etherbase.Bytes())
-	msg := distributiontypes.NewMsgSetWithdrawAddress(delAddr, withdrawAddr)
-
-	if err := msg.ValidateBasic(); err != nil {
-		api.logger.Debug("tx failed basic validation", "error", err.Error())
-		return false
-	}
-
-	// Assemble transaction from fields
-	builder, ok := api.clientCtx.TxConfig.NewTxBuilder().(authtx.ExtensionOptionsTxBuilder)
-	if !ok {
-		api.logger.Debug("clientCtx.TxConfig.NewTxBuilder returns unsupported builder", "error", err.Error())
-		return false
-	}
-
-	err = builder.SetMsgs(msg)
-	if err != nil {
-		api.logger.Error("builder.SetMsgs failed", "error", err.Error())
-		return false
-	}
-
-	// Fetch minimun gas price to calculate fees using the configuration.
-	appConf := config.GetConfig(api.ctx.Viper)
-
-	minGasPrices := appConf.GetMinGasPrices()
-	if len(minGasPrices) == 0 || minGasPrices.Empty() {
-		api.logger.Debug("the minimun fee is not set")
-		return false
-	}
-	minGasPriceValue := minGasPrices[0].Amount
-	denom := minGasPrices[0].Denom
-
-	delCommonAddr := common.BytesToAddress(delAddr.Bytes())
-	nonce, err := api.backend.GetTransactionCount(delCommonAddr, rpctypes.EthPendingBlockNumber)
-	if err != nil {
-		api.logger.Debug("failed to get nonce", "error", err.Error())
-		return false
-	}
-
-	txFactory := tx.Factory{}
-	txFactory = txFactory.
-		WithChainID(api.clientCtx.ChainID).
-		WithKeybase(api.clientCtx.Keyring).
-		WithTxConfig(api.clientCtx.TxConfig).
-		WithSequence(uint64(*nonce)).
-		WithGasAdjustment(1.25)
-
-	_, gas, err := tx.CalculateGas(api.clientCtx, txFactory, msg)
-	if err != nil {
-		api.logger.Debug("failed to calculate gas", "error", err.Error())
-		return false
-	}
-
-	txFactory = txFactory.WithGas(gas)
-
-	value := new(big.Int).SetUint64(gas * minGasPriceValue.Ceil().TruncateInt().Uint64())
-	fees := sdk.Coins{sdk.NewCoin(denom, sdkmath.NewIntFromBigInt(value))}
-	builder.SetFeeAmount(fees)
-	builder.SetGasLimit(gas)
-
-	keyInfo, err := api.clientCtx.Keyring.KeyByAddress(delAddr)
-	if err != nil {
-		api.logger.Debug("failed to get the wallet address using the keyring", "error", err.Error())
-		return false
-	}
-
-	if err := tx.Sign(txFactory, keyInfo.Name, builder, false); err != nil {
-		api.logger.Debug("failed to sign tx", "error", err.Error())
-		return false
-	}
-
-	// Encode transaction by default Tx encoder
-	txEncoder := api.clientCtx.TxConfig.TxEncoder()
-	txBytes, err := txEncoder(builder.GetTx())
-	if err != nil {
-		api.logger.Debug("failed to encode eth tx using default encoder", "error", err.Error())
-		return false
-	}
-
-	tmHash := common.BytesToHash(tmtypes.Tx(txBytes).Hash())
-
-	// Broadcast transaction in sync mode (default)
-	// NOTE: If error is encountered on the node, the broadcast will not return an error
-	syncCtx := api.clientCtx.WithBroadcastMode(flags.BroadcastSync)
-	rsp, err := syncCtx.BroadcastTx(txBytes)
-	if rsp != nil && rsp.Code != 0 {
-		err = sdkerrors.ABCIError(rsp.Codespace, rsp.Code, rsp.RawLog)
-	}
-	if err != nil {
-		api.logger.Debug("failed to broadcast tx", "error", err.Error())
-		return false
-	}
-
-	api.logger.Debug("broadcasted tx to set miner withdraw address (etherbase)", "hash", tmHash.String())
-	return true
-}
-
-// SetGasPrice sets the minimum accepted gas price for the miner.
-// NOTE: this function accepts only integers to have the same interface than go-eth
-// to use float values, the gas prices must be configured using the configuration file
-func (api *API) SetGasPrice(gasPrice hexutil.Big) bool {
-	api.logger.Info(api.ctx.Viper.ConfigFileUsed())
-	appConf := config.GetConfig(api.ctx.Viper)
-
-	var unit string
-	minGasPrices := appConf.GetMinGasPrices()
-
-	// fetch the base denom from the sdk Config in case it's not currently defined on the node config
-	if len(minGasPrices) == 0 || minGasPrices.Empty() {
-		var err error
-		unit, err = sdk.GetBaseDenom()
-		if err != nil {
-			api.logger.Debug("could not get the denom of smallest unit registered", "error", err.Error())
-			return false
-		}
-	} else {
-		unit = minGasPrices[0].Denom
-	}
-
-	c := sdk.NewDecCoin(unit, sdkmath.NewIntFromBigInt(gasPrice.ToInt()))
-
-	appConf.SetMinGasPrices(sdk.DecCoins{c})
-	sdkconfig.WriteConfigFile(api.ctx.Viper.ConfigFileUsed(), appConf)
-	api.logger.Info("Your configuration file was modified. Please RESTART your node.", "gas-price", c.String())
-	return true
 }

rpc/namespaces/ethereum/personal/api.go

@@ -8,14 +8,11 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/evmos/ethermint/rpc/backend"
 
-	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/client"
-
 	"github.com/evmos/ethermint/crypto/hd"
 	ethermint "github.com/evmos/ethermint/types"
 
 	"github.com/tendermint/tendermint/libs/log"
 
-	sdkcrypto "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/crypto"
 	"github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/crypto/keyring"
 	sdk "github.com/cosmos/cosmos-sdk/types"
 
@@ -24,13 +21,11 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
 
-	"github.com/evmos/ethermint/crypto/ethsecp256k1"
 	evmtypes "github.com/evmos/ethermint/x/evm/types"
 )
 
 // PrivateAccountAPI is the personal_ prefixed set of APIs in the Web3 JSON-RPC spec.
 type PrivateAccountAPI struct {
-	clientCtx  client.Context
 	backend    backend.EVMBackend
 	logger     log.Logger
 	hdPathIter ethermint.HDPathIterator
@@ -39,7 +34,6 @@ type PrivateAccountAPI struct {
 // NewAPI creates an instance of the public Personal Eth API.
 func NewAPI(
 	logger log.Logger,
-	clientCtx client.Context,
 	backend backend.EVMBackend,
 ) *PrivateAccountAPI {
 	cfg := sdk.GetConfig()
@@ -51,7 +45,6 @@ func NewAPI(
 	}
 
 	return &PrivateAccountAPI{
-		clientCtx:  clientCtx,
 		logger:     logger.With("api", "personal"),
 		hdPathIter: iterator,
 		backend:    backend,
@@ -65,55 +58,13 @@ func NewAPI(
 // NOTE: The key will be both armored and encrypted using the same passphrase.
 func (api *PrivateAccountAPI) ImportRawKey(privkey, password string) (common.Address, error) {
 	api.logger.Debug("personal_importRawKey")
-	priv, err := crypto.HexToECDSA(privkey)
+	return api.backend.ImportRawKey(privkey, password)
-	if err != nil {
-		return common.Address{}, err
-	}
-
-	privKey := &ethsecp256k1.PrivKey{Key: crypto.FromECDSA(priv)}
-
-	addr := sdk.AccAddress(privKey.PubKey().Address().Bytes())
-	ethereumAddr := common.BytesToAddress(addr)
-
-	// return if the key has already been imported
-	if _, err := api.clientCtx.Keyring.KeyByAddress(addr); err == nil {
-		return ethereumAddr, nil
-	}
-
-	// ignore error as we only care about the length of the list
-	list, _ := api.clientCtx.Keyring.List()
-	privKeyName := fmt.Sprintf("personal_%d", len(list))
-
-	armor := sdkcrypto.EncryptArmorPrivKey(privKey, password, ethsecp256k1.KeyType)
-
-	if err := api.clientCtx.Keyring.ImportPrivKey(privKeyName, armor, password); err != nil {
-		return common.Address{}, err
-	}
-
-	api.logger.Info("key successfully imported", "name", privKeyName, "address", ethereumAddr.String())
-
-	return ethereumAddr, nil
 }
 
 // ListAccounts will return a list of addresses for accounts this node manages.
 func (api *PrivateAccountAPI) ListAccounts() ([]common.Address, error) {
 	api.logger.Debug("personal_listAccounts")
-	addrs := []common.Address{}
+	return api.backend.ListAccounts()
-
-	list, err := api.clientCtx.Keyring.List()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	for _, info := range list {
-		pubKey, err := info.GetPubKey()
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		addrs = append(addrs, common.BytesToAddress(pubKey.Address()))
-	}
-
-	return addrs, nil
 }
 
 // LockAccount will lock the account associated with the given address when it's unlocked.
@@ -134,7 +85,7 @@ func (api *PrivateAccountAPI) NewAccount(password string) (common.Address, error
 	// create the mnemonic and save the account
 	hdPath := api.hdPathIter()
 
-	info, _, err := api.clientCtx.Keyring.NewMnemonic(name, keyring.English, hdPath.String(), password, hd.EthSecp256k1)
+	info, err := api.backend.NewMnemonic(name, keyring.English, hdPath.String(), password, hd.EthSecp256k1)
 	if err != nil {
 		return common.Address{}, err
 	}
@@ -164,19 +115,6 @@ func (api *PrivateAccountAPI) UnlockAccount(_ context.Context, addr common.Addre
 // able to decrypt the key it fails.
 func (api *PrivateAccountAPI) SendTransaction(_ context.Context, args evmtypes.TransactionArgs, _ string) (common.Hash, error) {
 	api.logger.Debug("personal_sendTransaction", "address", args.To.String())
-
-	if args.From == nil {
-		return common.Hash{}, fmt.Errorf("from address cannot be nil in send transaction")
-	}
-
-	addr := sdk.AccAddress(args.From.Bytes())
-
-	// check if the key is on the keyring
-	_, err := api.clientCtx.Keyring.KeyByAddress(addr)
-	if err != nil {
-		return common.Hash{}, err
-	}
-
 	return api.backend.SendTransaction(args)
 }
 
@@ -191,17 +129,7 @@ func (api *PrivateAccountAPI) SendTransaction(_ context.Context, args evmtypes.T
 // https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/wiki/Management-APIs#personal_sign
 func (api *PrivateAccountAPI) Sign(_ context.Context, data hexutil.Bytes, addr common.Address, _ string) (hexutil.Bytes, error) {
 	api.logger.Debug("personal_sign", "data", data, "address", addr.String())
-
+	return api.backend.Sign(addr, data)
-	cosmosAddr := sdk.AccAddress(addr.Bytes())
-
-	sig, _, err := api.clientCtx.Keyring.SignByAddress(cosmosAddr, accounts.TextHash(data))
-	if err != nil {
-		api.logger.Error("failed to sign with key", "data", data, "address", addr.String(), "error", err.Error())
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	sig[crypto.RecoveryIDOffset] += 27 // transform V from 0/1 to 27/28
-	return sig, nil
 }
 
 // EcRecover returns the address for the account that was used to create the signature.

rpc/websockets.go

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
-	"io/ioutil"
+	"io"
 	"math/big"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ func (s *websocketsServer) tcpGetAndSendResponse(wsConn *wsConn, mb []byte) erro
 
 	defer resp.Body.Close()
 
-	body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
 	if err != nil {
 		return errors.Wrap(err, "could not read body from response")
 	}