diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 9c95d7b..da6f713 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
     "tiny-secp256k1": "^2.2.1"
   },
   "scripts": {
-    "test": "jest --runInBand",
+    "test": "jest --runInBand --verbose",
     "build": "tsc"
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/index.ts b/src/index.ts
index 16477b2..454399b 100644
--- a/src/index.ts
+++ b/src/index.ts
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import { createTxMsgCancelBond, createTxMsgCreateBond, createTxMsgRefillBond, cr
 import { RegistryClient } from "./registry-client";
 import { Account } from "./account";
 import { createTransaction } from "./txbuilder";
-import { createTxMsgDeleteName, createTxMsgReserveAuthority, createTxMsgSetAuthorityBond, createTxMsgSetName, createTxMsgSetRecord, MessageMsgDeleteName, MessageMsgReserveAuthority, MessageMsgSetAuthorityBond, MessageMsgSetName, MessageMsgSetRecord } from './messages/nameservice';
+import { createTxMsgDeleteName, createTxMsgReserveAuthority, createTxMsgSetAuthorityBond, createTxMsgSetName, createTxMsgSetRecord, MessageMsgDeleteName, MessageMsgReserveAuthority, MessageMsgSetAuthorityBond, MessageMsgSetName, MessageMsgSetRecord, NAMESERVICE_ERRORS } from './messages/nameservice';
 import { Payload, Record } from './types';
 
 const DEFAULT_WRITE_ERROR = 'Unable to write to chiba-clonk.';
@@ -42,18 +42,12 @@ export class Registry {
   _chain: Chain
   _client: RegistryClient
 
-  static processWriteError(error: Error) {
-    /**
-      Example:
+  static processWriteError(error: string) {
+    // error string a stacktrace containing the message.
+    // https://gist.github.com/nikugogoi/de55d390574ded3466abad8bffd81952#file-txresponse-js-L7
+    const errorMessage = NAMESERVICE_ERRORS.find(message => error.includes(message))
 
-      {
-        message: '{"code":18,"data":null,"log":"invalid request: Name already reserved.: failed to execute message; message index: 0","info":"","gasWanted":"200000","gasUsed":"86717","events":[],"codespace":"sdk"}',
-          path: [ 'submit' ]
-      }g
-    */
-    console.error(error)
-    const message = JSON.parse(error.message);
-    return message.log || DEFAULT_WRITE_ERROR;
+    return errorMessage || DEFAULT_WRITE_ERROR;
   }
 
   constructor(restUrl: string, gqlUrl: string, cosmosChainId = DEFAULT_CHAIN_ID) {
@@ -106,13 +100,7 @@ export class Registry {
     fee: Fee
   ) {
     let result;
-
-    try {
-      result = await this._submitRecordTx(params, senderAddress, transactionPrivateKey, fee);
-    } catch (err: any) {
-      const error = err[0] || err;
-      throw new Error(Registry.processWriteError(error));
-    }
+    result = await this._submitRecordTx(params, senderAddress, transactionPrivateKey, fee);
 
     return parseTxResponse(result);
   }
@@ -122,24 +110,18 @@ export class Registry {
    */
    async sendCoins(params: MessageSendParams, senderAddress: string, privateKey: string, fee: Fee) {
     let result;
+    const { account: { base_account: accountInfo } } = await this.getAccount(senderAddress);
 
-    try {
-      const { account: { base_account: accountInfo } } = await this.getAccount(senderAddress);
-
-      const sender = {
-        accountAddress: accountInfo.address,
-        sequence: accountInfo.sequence,
-        accountNumber: accountInfo.account_number,
-        pubkey: accountInfo.pub_key.key,
-      }
-
-      const msg = createMessageSend(this._chain, sender, fee, '', params)
-      result = await this._submitTx(msg, privateKey, sender);
-    } catch (err: any) {
-      const error = err[0] || err;
-      throw new Error(Registry.processWriteError(error));
+    const sender = {
+      accountAddress: accountInfo.address,
+      sequence: accountInfo.sequence,
+      accountNumber: accountInfo.account_number,
+      pubkey: accountInfo.pub_key.key,
     }
 
+    const msg = createMessageSend(this._chain, sender, fee, '', params)
+    result = await this._submitTx(msg, privateKey, sender);
+
     return parseTxResponse(result);
   }
 
@@ -148,17 +130,11 @@ export class Registry {
    */
    async getNextBondId(address: string) {
     let result;
+    const { account } = await this.getAccount(address);
+    const accountObj = account.base_account;
 
-    try {
-      const { account } = await this.getAccount(address);
-      const accountObj = account.base_account;
-
-      const nextSeq = parseInt(accountObj.sequence, 10) + 1;
-      result = sha256(`${accountObj.address}:${accountObj.account_number}:${nextSeq}`);
-    } catch (err: any) {
-      const error = err[0] || err;
-      throw new Error(Registry.processWriteError(error));
-    }
+    const nextSeq = parseInt(accountObj.sequence, 10) + 1;
+    result = sha256(`${accountObj.address}:${accountObj.account_number}:${nextSeq}`);
 
     return result;
   }
@@ -182,24 +158,18 @@ export class Registry {
    */
    async createBond(params: MessageMsgCreateBond, senderAddress: string, privateKey: string, fee: Fee) {
     let result;
+    const { account: { base_account: accountInfo } } = await this.getAccount(senderAddress);
 
-    try {
-      const { account: { base_account: accountInfo } } = await this.getAccount(senderAddress);
-
-      const sender = {
-        accountAddress: accountInfo.address,
-        sequence: accountInfo.sequence,
-        accountNumber: accountInfo.account_number,
-        pubkey: accountInfo.pub_key.key,
-      }
-
-      const msg = createTxMsgCreateBond(this._chain, sender, fee, '', params)
-      result = await this._submitTx(msg, privateKey, sender);
-    } catch (err: any) {
-      const error = err[0] || err;
-      throw new Error(Registry.processWriteError(error));
+    const sender = {
+      accountAddress: accountInfo.address,
+      sequence: accountInfo.sequence,
+      accountNumber: accountInfo.account_number,
+      pubkey: accountInfo.pub_key.key,
     }
 
+    const msg = createTxMsgCreateBond(this._chain, sender, fee, '', params)
+    result = await this._submitTx(msg, privateKey, sender);
+
     return parseTxResponse(result);
   }
 
@@ -208,24 +178,18 @@ export class Registry {
    */
    async refillBond(params: MessageMsgRefillBond, senderAddress: string, privateKey: string, fee: Fee) {
     let result;
+    const { account: { base_account: accountInfo } } = await this.getAccount(senderAddress);
 
-    try {
-      const { account: { base_account: accountInfo } } = await this.getAccount(senderAddress);
-
-      const sender = {
-        accountAddress: accountInfo.address,
-        sequence: accountInfo.sequence,
-        accountNumber: accountInfo.account_number,
-        pubkey: accountInfo.pub_key.key,
-      }
-
-      const msg = createTxMsgRefillBond(this._chain, sender, fee, '', params)
-      result = await this._submitTx(msg, privateKey, sender);
-    } catch (err: any) {
-      const error = err[0] || err;
-      throw new Error(Registry.processWriteError(error));
+    const sender = {
+      accountAddress: accountInfo.address,
+      sequence: accountInfo.sequence,
+      accountNumber: accountInfo.account_number,
+      pubkey: accountInfo.pub_key.key,
     }
 
+    const msg = createTxMsgRefillBond(this._chain, sender, fee, '', params)
+    result = await this._submitTx(msg, privateKey, sender);
+
     return parseTxResponse(result);
   }
 
@@ -234,24 +198,18 @@ export class Registry {
    */
    async withdrawBond(params: MessageMsgWithdrawBond, senderAddress: string, privateKey: string, fee: Fee) {
     let result;
+    const { account: { base_account: accountInfo } } = await this.getAccount(senderAddress);
 
-    try {
-      const { account: { base_account: accountInfo } } = await this.getAccount(senderAddress);
-
-      const sender = {
-        accountAddress: accountInfo.address,
-        sequence: accountInfo.sequence,
-        accountNumber: accountInfo.account_number,
-        pubkey: accountInfo.pub_key.key,
-      }
-
-      const msg = createTxMsgWithdrawBond(this._chain, sender, fee, '', params)
-      result = await this._submitTx(msg, privateKey, sender);
-    } catch (err: any) {
-      const error = err[0] || err;
-      throw new Error(Registry.processWriteError(error));
+    const sender = {
+      accountAddress: accountInfo.address,
+      sequence: accountInfo.sequence,
+      accountNumber: accountInfo.account_number,
+      pubkey: accountInfo.pub_key.key,
     }
 
+    const msg = createTxMsgWithdrawBond(this._chain, sender, fee, '', params)
+    result = await this._submitTx(msg, privateKey, sender);
+
     return parseTxResponse(result);
   }
 
@@ -260,24 +218,18 @@ export class Registry {
    */
   async cancelBond(params: MessageMsgCancelBond, senderAddress: string, privateKey: string, fee: Fee) {
     let result;
+    const { account: { base_account: accountInfo } } = await this.getAccount(senderAddress);
 
-    try {
-      const { account: { base_account: accountInfo } } = await this.getAccount(senderAddress);
-
-      const sender = {
-        accountAddress: accountInfo.address,
-        sequence: accountInfo.sequence,
-        accountNumber: accountInfo.account_number,
-        pubkey: accountInfo.pub_key.key,
-      }
-
-      const msg = createTxMsgCancelBond(this._chain, sender, fee, '', params)
-      result = await this._submitTx(msg, privateKey, sender);
-    } catch (err: any) {
-      const error = err[0] || err;
-      throw new Error(Registry.processWriteError(error));
+    const sender = {
+      accountAddress: accountInfo.address,
+      sequence: accountInfo.sequence,
+      accountNumber: accountInfo.account_number,
+      pubkey: accountInfo.pub_key.key,
     }
 
+    const msg = createTxMsgCancelBond(this._chain, sender, fee, '', params)
+    result = await this._submitTx(msg, privateKey, sender);
+
     return parseTxResponse(result);
   }
 
@@ -286,24 +238,18 @@ export class Registry {
    */
   async reserveAuthority(params: MessageMsgReserveAuthority, senderAddress: string, privateKey: string, fee: Fee) {
     let result;
+    const { account: { base_account: accountInfo } } = await this.getAccount(senderAddress);
 
-    try {
-      const { account: { base_account: accountInfo } } = await this.getAccount(senderAddress);
-
-      const sender = {
-        accountAddress: accountInfo.address,
-        sequence: accountInfo.sequence,
-        accountNumber: accountInfo.account_number,
-        pubkey: accountInfo.pub_key.key,
-      }
-
-      const msg = createTxMsgReserveAuthority(this._chain, sender, fee, '', params)
-      result = await this._submitTx(msg, privateKey, sender);
-    } catch (err: any) {
-      const error = err[0] || err;
-      throw new Error(Registry.processWriteError(error));
+    const sender = {
+      accountAddress: accountInfo.address,
+      sequence: accountInfo.sequence,
+      accountNumber: accountInfo.account_number,
+      pubkey: accountInfo.pub_key.key,
     }
 
+    const msg = createTxMsgReserveAuthority(this._chain, sender, fee, '', params)
+    result = await this._submitTx(msg, privateKey, sender);
+
     return parseTxResponse(result);
   }
 
@@ -316,24 +262,18 @@ export class Registry {
    */
   async setAuthorityBond(params: MessageMsgSetAuthorityBond, senderAddress: string, privateKey: string, fee: Fee) {
     let result;
+    const { account: { base_account: accountInfo } } = await this.getAccount(senderAddress);
 
-    try {
-      const { account: { base_account: accountInfo } } = await this.getAccount(senderAddress);
-
-      const sender = {
-        accountAddress: accountInfo.address,
-        sequence: accountInfo.sequence,
-        accountNumber: accountInfo.account_number,
-        pubkey: accountInfo.pub_key.key,
-      }
-
-      const msg = createTxMsgSetAuthorityBond(this._chain, sender, fee, '', params)
-      result = await this._submitTx(msg, privateKey, sender);
-    } catch (err: any) {
-      const error = err[0] || err;
-      throw new Error(Registry.processWriteError(error));
+    const sender = {
+      accountAddress: accountInfo.address,
+      sequence: accountInfo.sequence,
+      accountNumber: accountInfo.account_number,
+      pubkey: accountInfo.pub_key.key,
     }
 
+    const msg = createTxMsgSetAuthorityBond(this._chain, sender, fee, '', params)
+    result = await this._submitTx(msg, privateKey, sender);
+
     return parseTxResponse(result);
   }
 
@@ -353,24 +293,18 @@ export class Registry {
    */
   async setName(params: MessageMsgSetName, senderAddress: string, privateKey: string, fee: Fee) {
     let result;
+    const { account: { base_account: accountInfo } } = await this.getAccount(senderAddress);
 
-    try {
-      const { account: { base_account: accountInfo } } = await this.getAccount(senderAddress);
-
-      const sender = {
-        accountAddress: accountInfo.address,
-        sequence: accountInfo.sequence,
-        accountNumber: accountInfo.account_number,
-        pubkey: accountInfo.pub_key.key,
-      }
-
-      const msg = createTxMsgSetName(this._chain, sender, fee, '', params)
-      result = await this._submitTx(msg, privateKey, sender);
-    } catch (err: any) {
-      const error = err[0] || err;
-      throw new Error(Registry.processWriteError(error));
+    const sender = {
+      accountAddress: accountInfo.address,
+      sequence: accountInfo.sequence,
+      accountNumber: accountInfo.account_number,
+      pubkey: accountInfo.pub_key.key,
     }
 
+    const msg = createTxMsgSetName(this._chain, sender, fee, '', params)
+    result = await this._submitTx(msg, privateKey, sender);
+
     return parseTxResponse(result);
   }
 
@@ -386,24 +320,18 @@ export class Registry {
    */
   async deleteName(params: MessageMsgDeleteName, senderAddress: string, privateKey: string, fee: Fee) {
     let result;
+    const { account: { base_account: accountInfo } } = await this.getAccount(senderAddress);
 
-    try {
-      const { account: { base_account: accountInfo } } = await this.getAccount(senderAddress);
-
-      const sender = {
-        accountAddress: accountInfo.address,
-        sequence: accountInfo.sequence,
-        accountNumber: accountInfo.account_number,
-        pubkey: accountInfo.pub_key.key,
-      }
-
-      const msg = createTxMsgDeleteName(this._chain, sender, fee, '', params)
-      result = await this._submitTx(msg, privateKey, sender);
-    } catch (err: any) {
-      const error = err[0] || err;
-      throw new Error(Registry.processWriteError(error));
+    const sender = {
+      accountAddress: accountInfo.address,
+      sequence: accountInfo.sequence,
+      accountNumber: accountInfo.account_number,
+      pubkey: accountInfo.pub_key.key,
     }
 
+    const msg = createTxMsgDeleteName(this._chain, sender, fee, '', params)
+    result = await this._submitTx(msg, privateKey, sender);
+
     return parseTxResponse(result);
   }
 
@@ -478,6 +406,13 @@ export class Registry {
 
     // Submit Tx to chain.
     const { tx_response: response } = await this._client.submit(tx);
+
+    if (response.code !== 0) {
+      // Throw error when transaction is not successful.
+      // https://docs.starport.com/guide/nameservice/05-play.html#buy-name-transaction-details
+      throw new Error(Registry.processWriteError(response.raw_log))
+    }
+
     return response;
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/messages/nameservice.ts b/src/messages/nameservice.ts
index 6da7a6f..24b8381 100644
--- a/src/messages/nameservice.ts
+++ b/src/messages/nameservice.ts
@@ -67,6 +67,12 @@ const MSG_DELETE_NAME_TYPES = {
   ],
 }
 
+export const NAMESERVICE_ERRORS = [
+  'Name already reserved.',
+  'Authority bond not found.',
+  'Name authority not found.'
+]
+
 export interface MessageMsgReserveAuthority {
   name: string
   owner: string
diff --git a/src/naming.test.ts b/src/naming.test.ts
index 780fa0d..ea75cf8 100644
--- a/src/naming.test.ts
+++ b/src/naming.test.ts
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ const namingTests = () => {
     expect(Number(record.height)).toBe(0);
   });
 
-  xtest('Reserve already reserved authority', async () => {
+  test('Reserve already reserved authority', async () => {
     await expect(registry.reserveAuthority({ name: authorityName, owner: accountAddress }, accountAddress, privateKey, fee)).rejects.toThrow('Name already reserved.');
   });
 
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ const namingTests = () => {
     expect(Number(record.height)).toBeGreaterThan(0);
   });
 
-  xtest('Set name for unbonded authority', async () => {
+  test('Set name for unbonded authority', async () => {
     wrn = `wrn://${authorityName}/app/test`;
     assert(watcherId)
     await expect(registry.setName({ wrn, cid: watcherId }, accountAddress, privateKey, fee)).rejects.toThrow('Authority bond not found.');
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ const namingTests = () => {
     expect(oldRecord.height).toBeDefined();
   });
 
-  xtest('Set name without reserving authority', async () => {
+  test('Set name without reserving authority', async () => {
     await expect(registry.setName({ wrn: 'wrn://not-reserved/app/test', cid: watcherId }, accountAddress, privateKey, fee))
       .rejects.toThrow('Name authority not found.');
   });
diff --git a/src/util.ts b/src/util.ts
index d87982f..527fe98 100644
--- a/src/util.ts
+++ b/src/util.ts
@@ -83,7 +83,6 @@ export class Util {
    * Get record content ID.
    */
    static async getContentId(record: any) {
-    console.log(record)
     const content = dagCBOR.util.serialize(record);
     const cid = await dagCBOR.util.cid(content);