350 lines
9.4 KiB
Go
350 lines
9.4 KiB
Go
// Copyright 2014 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
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// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
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// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
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// callgraph: a tool for reporting the call graph of a Go program.
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// See Usage for details, or run with -help.
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package main // import "golang.org/x/tools/cmd/callgraph"
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// TODO(adonovan):
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//
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// Features:
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// - restrict graph to a single package
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// - output
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// - functions reachable from root (use digraph tool?)
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// - unreachable functions (use digraph tool?)
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// - dynamic (runtime) types
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// - indexed output (numbered nodes)
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// - JSON output
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// - additional template fields:
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// callee file/line/col
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import (
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"bufio"
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"bytes"
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"flag"
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"fmt"
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"go/build"
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"go/token"
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"io"
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"log"
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"os"
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"runtime"
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"text/template"
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"golang.org/x/tools/go/buildutil"
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"golang.org/x/tools/go/callgraph"
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"golang.org/x/tools/go/callgraph/cha"
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"golang.org/x/tools/go/callgraph/rta"
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"golang.org/x/tools/go/callgraph/static"
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"golang.org/x/tools/go/packages"
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"golang.org/x/tools/go/pointer"
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"golang.org/x/tools/go/ssa"
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"golang.org/x/tools/go/ssa/ssautil"
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)
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// flags
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var (
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algoFlag = flag.String("algo", "rta",
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`Call graph construction algorithm (static, cha, rta, pta)`)
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testFlag = flag.Bool("test", false,
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"Loads test code (*_test.go) for imported packages")
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formatFlag = flag.String("format",
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"{{.Caller}}\t--{{.Dynamic}}-{{.Line}}:{{.Column}}-->\t{{.Callee}}",
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"A template expression specifying how to format an edge")
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ptalogFlag = flag.String("ptalog", "",
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"Location of the points-to analysis log file, or empty to disable logging.")
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)
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func init() {
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flag.Var((*buildutil.TagsFlag)(&build.Default.BuildTags), "tags", buildutil.TagsFlagDoc)
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}
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const Usage = `callgraph: display the the call graph of a Go program.
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Usage:
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callgraph [-algo=static|cha|rta|pta] [-test] [-format=...] package...
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Flags:
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-algo Specifies the call-graph construction algorithm, one of:
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static static calls only (unsound)
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cha Class Hierarchy Analysis
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rta Rapid Type Analysis
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pta inclusion-based Points-To Analysis
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The algorithms are ordered by increasing precision in their
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treatment of dynamic calls (and thus also computational cost).
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RTA and PTA require a whole program (main or test), and
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include only functions reachable from main.
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-test Include the package's tests in the analysis.
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-format Specifies the format in which each call graph edge is displayed.
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One of:
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digraph output suitable for input to
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golang.org/x/tools/cmd/digraph.
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graphviz output in AT&T GraphViz (.dot) format.
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All other values are interpreted using text/template syntax.
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The default value is:
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{{.Caller}}\t--{{.Dynamic}}-{{.Line}}:{{.Column}}-->\t{{.Callee}}
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The structure passed to the template is (effectively):
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type Edge struct {
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Caller *ssa.Function // calling function
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Callee *ssa.Function // called function
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// Call site:
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Filename string // containing file
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Offset int // offset within file of '('
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Line int // line number
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Column int // column number of call
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Dynamic string // "static" or "dynamic"
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Description string // e.g. "static method call"
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}
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Caller and Callee are *ssa.Function values, which print as
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"(*sync/atomic.Mutex).Lock", but other attributes may be
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derived from them, e.g. Caller.Pkg.Pkg.Path yields the
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import path of the enclosing package. Consult the go/ssa
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API documentation for details.
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Examples:
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Show the call graph of the trivial web server application:
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callgraph -format digraph $GOROOT/src/net/http/triv.go
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Same, but show only the packages of each function:
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callgraph -format '{{.Caller.Pkg.Pkg.Path}} -> {{.Callee.Pkg.Pkg.Path}}' \
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$GOROOT/src/net/http/triv.go | sort | uniq
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Show functions that make dynamic calls into the 'fmt' test package,
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using the pointer analysis algorithm:
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callgraph -format='{{.Caller}} -{{.Dynamic}}-> {{.Callee}}' -test -algo=pta fmt |
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sed -ne 's/-dynamic-/--/p' |
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sed -ne 's/-->.*fmt_test.*$//p' | sort | uniq
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Show all functions directly called by the callgraph tool's main function:
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callgraph -format=digraph golang.org/x/tools/cmd/callgraph |
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digraph succs golang.org/x/tools/cmd/callgraph.main
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`
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func init() {
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// If $GOMAXPROCS isn't set, use the full capacity of the machine.
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// For small machines, use at least 4 threads.
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if os.Getenv("GOMAXPROCS") == "" {
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n := runtime.NumCPU()
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if n < 4 {
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n = 4
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}
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runtime.GOMAXPROCS(n)
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}
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}
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func main() {
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flag.Parse()
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if err := doCallgraph("", "", *algoFlag, *formatFlag, *testFlag, flag.Args()); err != nil {
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fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "callgraph: %s\n", err)
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os.Exit(1)
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}
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}
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var stdout io.Writer = os.Stdout
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func doCallgraph(dir, gopath, algo, format string, tests bool, args []string) error {
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if len(args) == 0 {
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fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, Usage)
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return nil
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}
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cfg := &packages.Config{
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Mode: packages.LoadAllSyntax,
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Tests: tests,
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Dir: dir,
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}
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if gopath != "" {
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cfg.Env = append(os.Environ(), "GOPATH="+gopath) // to enable testing
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}
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initial, err := packages.Load(cfg, args...)
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if err != nil {
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return err
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}
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if packages.PrintErrors(initial) > 0 {
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return fmt.Errorf("packages contain errors")
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}
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// Create and build SSA-form program representation.
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prog, pkgs := ssautil.Packages(initial, 0)
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prog.Build()
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// -- call graph construction ------------------------------------------
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var cg *callgraph.Graph
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switch algo {
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case "static":
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cg = static.CallGraph(prog)
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case "cha":
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cg = cha.CallGraph(prog)
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case "pta":
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// Set up points-to analysis log file.
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var ptalog io.Writer
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if *ptalogFlag != "" {
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if f, err := os.Create(*ptalogFlag); err != nil {
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log.Fatalf("Failed to create PTA log file: %s", err)
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} else {
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buf := bufio.NewWriter(f)
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ptalog = buf
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defer func() {
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if err := buf.Flush(); err != nil {
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log.Printf("flush: %s", err)
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}
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if err := f.Close(); err != nil {
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log.Printf("close: %s", err)
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}
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}()
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}
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}
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mains, err := mainPackages(pkgs)
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if err != nil {
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return err
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}
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config := &pointer.Config{
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Mains: mains,
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BuildCallGraph: true,
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Log: ptalog,
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}
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ptares, err := pointer.Analyze(config)
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if err != nil {
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return err // internal error in pointer analysis
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}
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cg = ptares.CallGraph
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case "rta":
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mains, err := mainPackages(pkgs)
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if err != nil {
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return err
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}
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var roots []*ssa.Function
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for _, main := range mains {
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roots = append(roots, main.Func("init"), main.Func("main"))
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}
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rtares := rta.Analyze(roots, true)
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cg = rtares.CallGraph
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// NB: RTA gives us Reachable and RuntimeTypes too.
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default:
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return fmt.Errorf("unknown algorithm: %s", algo)
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}
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cg.DeleteSyntheticNodes()
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// -- output------------------------------------------------------------
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var before, after string
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// Pre-canned formats.
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switch format {
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case "digraph":
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format = `{{printf "%q %q" .Caller .Callee}}`
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case "graphviz":
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before = "digraph callgraph {\n"
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after = "}\n"
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format = ` {{printf "%q" .Caller}} -> {{printf "%q" .Callee}}`
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}
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tmpl, err := template.New("-format").Parse(format)
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if err != nil {
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return fmt.Errorf("invalid -format template: %v", err)
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}
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// Allocate these once, outside the traversal.
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var buf bytes.Buffer
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data := Edge{fset: prog.Fset}
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fmt.Fprint(stdout, before)
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if err := callgraph.GraphVisitEdges(cg, func(edge *callgraph.Edge) error {
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data.position.Offset = -1
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data.edge = edge
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data.Caller = edge.Caller.Func
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data.Callee = edge.Callee.Func
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buf.Reset()
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if err := tmpl.Execute(&buf, &data); err != nil {
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return err
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}
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stdout.Write(buf.Bytes())
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if len := buf.Len(); len == 0 || buf.Bytes()[len-1] != '\n' {
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fmt.Fprintln(stdout)
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}
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return nil
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}); err != nil {
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return err
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}
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fmt.Fprint(stdout, after)
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return nil
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}
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// mainPackages returns the main packages to analyze.
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// Each resulting package is named "main" and has a main function.
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func mainPackages(pkgs []*ssa.Package) ([]*ssa.Package, error) {
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var mains []*ssa.Package
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for _, p := range pkgs {
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if p != nil && p.Pkg.Name() == "main" && p.Func("main") != nil {
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mains = append(mains, p)
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}
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}
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if len(mains) == 0 {
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return nil, fmt.Errorf("no main packages")
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}
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return mains, nil
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}
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type Edge struct {
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Caller *ssa.Function
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Callee *ssa.Function
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edge *callgraph.Edge
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fset *token.FileSet
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position token.Position // initialized lazily
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}
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func (e *Edge) pos() *token.Position {
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if e.position.Offset == -1 {
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e.position = e.fset.Position(e.edge.Pos()) // called lazily
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}
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return &e.position
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}
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func (e *Edge) Filename() string { return e.pos().Filename }
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func (e *Edge) Column() int { return e.pos().Column }
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func (e *Edge) Line() int { return e.pos().Line }
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func (e *Edge) Offset() int { return e.pos().Offset }
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func (e *Edge) Dynamic() string {
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if e.edge.Site != nil && e.edge.Site.Common().StaticCallee() == nil {
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return "dynamic"
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}
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return "static"
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}
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func (e *Edge) Description() string { return e.edge.Description() }
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