refactor(group): Distinguish Voting period and Execution period for group policies (#11198)

## Description

Closes: #11092

## TODOs

I'm thinking to do the 2 todos in a separate PR, or else this PR is too big. WDYT?

- [ ] #11246 This involves adding a new index ProposalsByVotingPeriodEnd, so might be better to do in another PR
- [ ] #11245  Also should be done in a separate PR (as it needs the above index)

### Main change 1: Group policy proto defs have `voting_period` and `min_execution_period`

For group policies:

```diff
- // Within this times votes and exec messages can be submitted.
- // timeout is the duration from submission of a proposal to the end of voting period
- google.protobuf.Duration timeout = 2 [(gogoproto.stdduration) = true, (gogoproto.nullable) = false];

+  // voting_period is the duration from submission of a proposal to the end of voting period
+  // Within this times votes can be submitted with MsgVote.
+  google.protobuf.Duration voting_period = 2 [(gogoproto.stdduration) = true, (gogoproto.nullable) = false];

+  // min_execution_period is the minimum duration after the proposal submission
+  // where members can start sending MsgExec. This means that the window for
+  // sending a MsgExec transaction is:
+  // `[ submission + min_execution_period ; submission + voting_period + max_execution_period]`
+  // where max_execution_period is a app-specific config, defined in the keeper.
+  // If not set, min_execution_period will default to 0.
+  google.protobuf.Duration min_execution_period = 3 [(gogoproto.stdduration) = true, (gogoproto.nullable) = false];
```

### Main Change 2: We don't update proposal's FinalTallyResult result on MsgVote/MsgSubmitProposal

Unless the msg has TryExec set to true, in which case the FinalTallyResult is updated ONLY if the tally is final.

### Main Change 3: Add a keeper-level `MaxExecutionPeriod`

MsgExecs will be rejected if they are sent after `voting_period_end + MaxExecutionPeriod`



---

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- [ ] included the correct [type prefix](https://github.com/commitizen/conventional-commit-types/blob/v3.0.0/index.json) in the PR title
- [ ] added `!` to the type prefix if API or client breaking change
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- [ ] added a changelog entry to `CHANGELOG.md`
- [ ] included comments for [documenting Go code](https://blog.golang.org/godoc)
- [ ] updated the relevant documentation or specification
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- [ ] confirmed all CI checks have passed

### Reviewers Checklist

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your handle next to the items reviewed if you only reviewed selected items.*

I have...

- [ ] confirmed the correct [type prefix](https://github.com/commitizen/conventional-commit-types/blob/v3.0.0/index.json) in the PR title
- [ ] confirmed `!` in the type prefix if API or client breaking change
- [ ] confirmed all author checklist items have been addressed 
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- [ ] manually tested (if applicable)

proto/cosmos/group/v1beta1/types.proto

@@ -41,9 +41,8 @@ message ThresholdDecisionPolicy {
   // threshold is the minimum weighted sum of yes votes that must be met or exceeded for a proposal to succeed.
   string threshold = 1;
 
-  // timeout is the duration from submission of a proposal to the end of voting period
-  // Within this times votes and exec messages can be submitted.
-  google.protobuf.Duration timeout = 2 [(gogoproto.stdduration) = true, (gogoproto.nullable) = false];
+  // windows defines the different windows for voting and execution.
+  DecisionPolicyWindows windows = 2;
 }
 
 // PercentageDecisionPolicy implements the DecisionPolicy interface
@@ -53,9 +52,28 @@ message PercentageDecisionPolicy {
   // percentage is the minimum percentage the weighted sum of yes votes must meet for a proposal to succeed.
   string percentage = 1;
 
-  // timeout is the duration from submission of a proposal to the end of voting period
-  // Within these times votes and exec messages can be submitted.
-  google.protobuf.Duration timeout = 2 [(gogoproto.stdduration) = true, (gogoproto.nullable) = false];
+  // windows defines the different windows for voting and execution.
+  DecisionPolicyWindows windows = 2;
+}
+
+// DecisionPolicyWindows defines the different windows for voting and execution.
+message DecisionPolicyWindows {
+  // voting_period is the duration from submission of a proposal to the end of voting period
+  // Within this times votes can be submitted with MsgVote.
+  google.protobuf.Duration voting_period = 1 [(gogoproto.stdduration) = true, (gogoproto.nullable) = false];
+
+  // min_execution_period is the minimum duration after the proposal submission
+  // where members can start sending MsgExec. This means that the window for
+  // sending a MsgExec transaction is:
+  // `[ submission + min_execution_period ; submission + voting_period + max_execution_period]`
+  // where max_execution_period is a app-specific config, defined in the keeper.
+  // If not set, min_execution_period will default to 0.
+  //
+  // Please make sure to set a `min_execution_period` that is smaller than
+  // `voting_period + max_execution_period`, or else the above execution window
+  // is empty, meaning that all proposals created with this decision policy
+  // won't be able to be executed.
+  google.protobuf.Duration min_execution_period = 2 [(gogoproto.stdduration) = true, (gogoproto.nullable) = false];
 }
 
 // VoteOption enumerates the valid vote options for a given proposal.
@@ -184,11 +202,12 @@ message Proposal {
   // has ended.
   TallyResult final_tally_result = 10 [(gogoproto.nullable) = false];
 
-  // timeout is the timestamp before which both voting and execution must be
-  // done. If this timestamp is passed, then the proposal cannot be executed
-  // anymore and should be considered pending delete. This timestamp is checked
-  // against the block header's timestamp.
-  google.protobuf.Timestamp timeout = 11 [(gogoproto.nullable) = false, (gogoproto.stdtime) = true];
+  // voting_period_end is the timestamp before which voting must be done.
+  // Unless a successfull MsgExec is called before (to execute a proposal whose
+  // tally is successful before the voting period ends), tallying will be done
+  // at this point, and the `final_tally_result`, as well
+  // as `status` and `result` fields will be accordingly updated.
+  google.protobuf.Timestamp voting_period_end = 11 [(gogoproto.nullable) = false, (gogoproto.stdtime) = true];
 
   // executor_result is the final result based on the votes and election rule. Initial value is NotRun.
   ProposalExecutorResult executor_result = 12;